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JP2009001747A - Phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt and flame retardant using the same - Google Patents

Phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt and flame retardant using the same Download PDF

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JP2009001747A
JP2009001747A JP2007166268A JP2007166268A JP2009001747A JP 2009001747 A JP2009001747 A JP 2009001747A JP 2007166268 A JP2007166268 A JP 2007166268A JP 2007166268 A JP2007166268 A JP 2007166268A JP 2009001747 A JP2009001747 A JP 2009001747A
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phosphorus
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JP5152710B2 (en
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Kazuhiro Taguchi
和宏 田口
Yuichi Nakagawa
祐一 中川
Shigeo Hirose
重雄 廣瀬
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National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
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Abstract

【課題】 難燃性に優れ、疎水性高分子材料への混合使用が可能であるとともに、通常の使用時において、あるいは着火時や焼却廃棄時に、環境汚染を引き起こさないリン酸塩型の難燃剤を提供する。
【解決手段】 有機リン酸エステル、有機ホスホン酸、又はそれらの塩の中から選ばれた少なくとも1種と、塩基性高分子とが、イオン結合により調製されてなる含リン高分子複合塩を、難燃化剤の有効成分として用いる。塩基性高分子としては、塩基性を有するビニルモノマーを高分子化したもの、又は塩基性を有するケイ素化合物を高分子化したものが用いられ、有機リン酸エステルとしては、複数のリン酸エステル残基を有するもの、中でもフィチン酸が、有機ホスホン酸としては、複数のホスホン酸残基を有するもの、例えばニトリロトリス(メチレンホスホン酸)、1−ヒドロキシエタン−1,1−ジホスホン酸等が好ましい。
【選択図】 なし
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a phosphate-type flame retardant which is excellent in flame retardancy and can be mixed with a hydrophobic polymer material and does not cause environmental pollution during normal use, ignition or incineration disposal. I will provide a.
SOLUTION: A phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt in which at least one selected from an organic phosphate ester, an organic phosphonic acid, or a salt thereof and a basic polymer are prepared by ionic bonding, Used as an active ingredient for flame retardants. As the basic polymer, a polymer obtained by polymerizing a basic vinyl monomer or a polymer obtained by polymerizing a basic silicon compound is used. As the organic phosphate ester, a plurality of phosphate ester residues are used. Those having a group, especially phytic acid, and organic phosphonic acid are preferably those having a plurality of phosphonic acid residues, such as nitrilotris (methylenephosphonic acid), 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid and the like.
[Selection figure] None

Description

本発明は、化学産業分野や繊維産業分野において、繊維、フィルム、壁紙、導線被覆材などの高分子材料製品に適用される難燃化剤の有効成分として有用である含リン複合塩、及びその製造方法、並びにそれを有効成分とする難燃化剤に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a phosphorus-containing composite salt that is useful as an active ingredient of a flame retardant applied to a polymer material product such as a fiber, film, wallpaper, and wire coating material in the chemical industry and the textile industry. The present invention relates to a production method and a flame retardant containing the same as an active ingredient.

従来、繊維製品、包装フィルム、壁紙、導線被覆材等の民生品や産業資材品などには、可燃性の高分子材料が多用されており、安全性上その難燃化が必要であるために、添加剤として難燃化剤が用いられている。高分子材料用の難燃化剤としては、塩素系や臭素系のものもあるが、材料の燃焼時や焼却時に有害なダイオキシン類の発生を伴うなどの問題があるため、リン系難燃化剤の重要性が増してきている。   Conventionally, flammable polymer materials have been widely used for consumer products such as textiles, packaging films, wallpaper, and wire covering materials, and industrial materials, and it is necessary to make them flame-retardant for safety reasons. A flame retardant is used as an additive. Some flame retardants for polymer materials are chlorinated and brominated. However, there are problems such as the generation of harmful dioxins during combustion and incineration of materials, making them phosphorous flame retardants. The importance of agents is increasing.

しかしながら、リン系難燃化剤としては、リン酸トリエステルがよく知られているが、リン酸モノエステル、リン酸ジエステル、ホスホン酸エステルについてはほとんど知られていない。
特許文献1には、リン酸モノエステルを含む難燃化剤が記載されているが、フィチン酸と、グアニジウム又は水溶性アミノ酸等との単純な混合物からなる水溶性の難燃化剤であるために、脂溶性に乏しく、高分子物質の多くを占める疎水性のものに対して混合使用は適当ではなく、表面塗布による乾燥皮膜として使用せざるを得なかった。
However, phosphoric acid triesters are well known as phosphorus flame retardants, but little is known about phosphoric acid monoesters, phosphoric acid diesters, and phosphonic acid esters.
Patent Document 1 describes a flame retardant containing a phosphoric acid monoester, but is a water-soluble flame retardant made of a simple mixture of phytic acid and guanidinium or a water-soluble amino acid. In addition, it is not suitable for mixing with a hydrophobic material which is poor in fat solubility and occupies most of the high molecular weight material, and it must be used as a dry film by surface coating.

そこで、本発明者らは、従来の水溶性のリン酸エステル系難燃化剤における問題点を解決するために、水溶性難燃化剤に代えて、脂溶性有機系リン含有塩を用いた難燃化剤を用いることを検討し、解離基をもつ有機リン酸エステル、有機ホスホン酸又はそれらの塩とカチオン性界面活性剤の二成分を用いた難燃剤を提案した(特許文献2)。
また、同じく脂溶性金属リン酸塩を用いた難燃剤、及び金属抽出剤に係る発明を、特願2006−65109号としてすでに出願している。
Therefore, the present inventors used a fat-soluble organic phosphorus-containing salt instead of the water-soluble flame retardant in order to solve the problems in the conventional water-soluble phosphate ester flame retardant. The use of a flame retardant was examined, and a flame retardant using two components of an organic phosphate ester having a dissociating group, an organic phosphonic acid or a salt thereof and a cationic surfactant was proposed (Patent Document 2).
Similarly, an invention relating to a flame retardant using a fat-soluble metal phosphate and a metal extractant has already been filed as Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-65109.

さらに、リン酸系の難燃化剤は、上記の溶解性の問題以外に、揮発した揮発した難燃剤による室内汚染が問題となっている。
特開2002−201475号公報 特開2007−63238号公報
Furthermore, in addition to the above-described solubility problem, phosphoric acid-based flame retardants have a problem of indoor contamination due to volatilized and volatilized flame retardants.
JP 2002-201475 A JP 2007-63238 A

本発明の課題は、このような事情の下、難燃性に優れ、疎水性高分子材料への混合使用が可能であるとともに、通常の使用時において、あるいは着火時や焼却廃棄時に、環境汚染を引き起こさないリン酸塩型の難燃剤を提供することにある。また、本願発明のもう1つの課題は、米ぬかより多量に回収されるフィチン酸に含まれるリンを、資源として有効に活用することにある。   Under such circumstances, the problem of the present invention is that it is excellent in flame retardancy and can be mixed and used in a hydrophobic polymer material, and is environmentally polluted during normal use, or at the time of ignition or incineration. The object is to provide a phosphate-type flame retardant that does not cause odor. Another object of the present invention is to effectively utilize phosphorus contained in phytic acid recovered in a larger amount than rice bran as a resource.

発明者らは、上記目的を達成すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、解離基をもつ多価のリン酸モノエステル、リン酸ジエステル、又は多価のホスホン酸、あるいは、それらの金属塩類は一般には難揮発性、または非揮発性であり、これらの特徴はリン系難燃剤としての好ましい性質であるが、水溶性があり、直ちに高分子材料に混合して使用することはできないことが判明した。
そこで、本発明者らは、解離基をもつ多価のリン酸エステル又は多価のホスホン酸を、高分子塩基との間で塩を形成させることにより、リン酸エステル又はホスホン酸を非水溶性とし、疎水性高分子との混練が可能な含リン高分子複合塩型の難燃剤を調製することを見いだした。また、このリン酸エステル又はホスホン酸に、さらに、カルシウムやマグネシウムなどの金属或いはアンモニア又はグアニジンなどの塩基性化合物をイオン結合させることにより、難燃化能をより一層向上することも見いだした。
The inventors have conducted extensive research to achieve the above object, and as a result, polyvalent phosphate monoesters, phosphate diesters, or polyvalent phosphonic acids having a dissociating group, or metal salts thereof are generally used. Although it is hardly volatile or non-volatile, these characteristics are preferable properties as a phosphorus-based flame retardant, but it has been found that it is water-soluble and cannot be immediately mixed with a polymer material.
Therefore, the present inventors made a water-insoluble phosphate ester or phosphonic acid by forming a salt of a polyvalent phosphate ester or polyvalent phosphonic acid having a dissociating group with a polymer base. The present inventors have found that a phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt type flame retardant that can be kneaded with a hydrophobic polymer is prepared. It has also been found that the flame retardancy is further improved by ion-bonding a metal such as calcium or magnesium or a basic compound such as ammonia or guanidine to the phosphate ester or phosphonic acid.

本発明は、これらの知見に基づいて完成に至ったものであり、安価に入手しうる多価のリン酸エステル又は多価のスホン酸と、塩基性基を有するビニルモノマー、又は塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物との間のイオン対を形成させた後、ビニルモノマー又はケイ素化合物を高分子化することにより多価のリン酸エステル又は多価のホスホン酸を非水溶性に変え、非難燃化物への混練が容易な難燃剤を提供する点に特徴を有するものであって、以下のとおりのものである。   The present invention has been completed based on these findings, and includes a polyvalent phosphate ester or polyvalent sulfonic acid, a vinyl monomer having a basic group, or a basic group, which can be obtained at low cost. After forming an ion pair with the silicon compound, the polyvalent phosphate ester or polyvalent phosphonic acid is changed to water-insoluble by polymerizing the vinyl monomer or silicon compound into a non-flame retardant Is characterized in that it provides a flame retardant that can be easily kneaded, and is as follows.

(1)多価の有機リン酸エステル、多価の有機ホスホン酸、又はそれらの塩の中から選ばれる少なくとも1種と、塩基性高分子化合物とが、イオン結合により調製されてなることを特徴とする含リン高分子複合塩。
(2)上記多価の有機リン酸エステルが、フィチン酸である(1)に記載の含リン高分子複合塩。
(3)上記多価の有機ホスホン酸が、ニトリロトリス(メチレンホスホン酸)、エチレンジアミン−N,N,N´,N´−テトラキス(メチレンホスホン酸)、N−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)イミノビス(メチルホスホン酸)、[(ヒドロキシメチル−ホスホノメチル−アミノ)−メチル]−ホスホン酸、又は1−ヒドロキシエタン−1,1−ジホスホン酸から選ばれる少なくとも1種である(1)に記載の含リン高分子複合塩。
(4)前記多価の有機リン酸エステルのエステル残基又は前記多価の有機ホスホンのホスホン残基の一部に、金属イオンが結合していることを特徴とする(1)から(3)までのいずれかに記載の含リン高分子複合塩。
(5)前記金属が、カルシウム、マグネシウム、アルミニウム、亜鉛、チタン又はジルコニウムから選ばれるすくなくとも1種である(4)に記載の含リン高分子複合塩。
(6)前記多価の有機リン酸エステルのエステル残基又は前記多価の有機ホスホンのホスホン残基の一部に、塩基性化合物がイオン結合していることを特徴とする(1)から(3)までのいずれかに記載の含リン高分子複合塩。
(7)前記塩基性化合物が、アンモニウム又はグアニジンンである(6)に記載の含リン高分子複合塩。
(8)前記塩基性高分子化合物が、塩基性を有するビニルモノマーを高分子化したものであることを特徴とする(1)から(7)までのいずれかに記載の含リン高分子複合塩。
(9)前記塩基性基を有するビニルモノマーが、2−ビニルピリジン、4−ビニルピリジン、1−ビニルイミダゾール、又はビニルトリアジンから選ばれるすくなくとも1種である(8)に記載の含リン高分子複合塩。
(10)前記塩基性高分子化合物が、塩基性を有するケイ素化合物を高分子化したものであることを特徴とする(1)から(7)までのいずれかに記載の含リン高分子複合塩。
(11)塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物が、3−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3−アミノプロピルジエトキシメチルシシラン、3−(2−アミノエチルアミノ)プロピルトリエトキシシラン、及び3−フェニルアミノプロピルトリエトキシシランから選ばれる1種である(10)に記載の含リン高分子複合塩。
(12)塩基性ビニルモノマーを、多価の有機リン酸エステル又は多価の有機ホスホン酸の水溶液に溶解し、ラジカル開始剤により該塩基性ビニルモノマーを高分子化させることを特徴とする(8)又は(9)に記載の含リン高分子複合塩の製造方法。
(13)前記有機リン酸エステル又は有機ホスホン酸の水溶液に、さらに水溶性の金属塩及び/又は塩基性化合物を加えることを特徴とする(12)に記載の含リン高分子複合塩の製造方法。
(14)塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物の溶液と、多価の有機リン酸エステル又は多価の有機ホスホン酸の水溶液とを混合し、塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物と多価のリン酸エステル又は多価のホスホン酸との間で塩を形成させた後、ケイ素化合物の加水分解と分子間縮合によりケイ素化合物を高分子化させることを特徴とする(10)又は(11)に記載の含リン高分子複合塩の製造方法。
(15)前記塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物の溶液と、前記多価の有機リン酸エステル又は多価の有機ホスホン酸の水溶液に、さらに水溶性の金属塩及び/又は塩基性化合物を混合することを特徴とする(14)に記載の含リン高分子複合塩の製造方法。
(16)(1)から(11)までのいずれかに記載の含リン高分子複合塩を有効成分とする難燃化剤。
(17)高分子材料に混合することにより、高分子材料の着火を抑制し、又は着火した高分子材料に自己消火性を与えることを特徴とする(16)に記載の難燃化剤。
(1) It is characterized in that at least one selected from a polyvalent organic phosphate ester, a polyvalent organic phosphonic acid, or a salt thereof, and a basic polymer compound are prepared by ionic bonding. A phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt.
(2) The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to (1), wherein the polyvalent organic phosphate is phytic acid.
(3) The polyvalent organic phosphonic acid is nitrilotris (methylenephosphonic acid), ethylenediamine-N, N, N ′, N′-tetrakis (methylenephosphonic acid), N- (2-hydroxyethyl) iminobis (methylphosphone) Acid), [(hydroxymethyl-phosphonomethyl-amino) -methyl] -phosphonic acid, or 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, the phosphorus-containing polymer composite according to (1) salt.
(4) A metal ion is bonded to an ester residue of the polyvalent organic phosphate ester or a part of a phosphone residue of the polyvalent organic phosphone. (1) to (3) The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to any of the above.
(5) The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to (4), wherein the metal is at least one selected from calcium, magnesium, aluminum, zinc, titanium, or zirconium.
(6) A basic compound is ion-bonded to an ester residue of the polyvalent organic phosphate ester or a part of a phosphone residue of the polyvalent organic phosphone (1) to (1) The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to any one of the items up to 3).
(7) The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to (6), wherein the basic compound is ammonium or guanidine.
(8) The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the basic polymer compound is a polymerized vinyl monomer having basicity. .
(9) The phosphorus-containing polymer composite according to (8), wherein the vinyl monomer having a basic group is at least one selected from 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, 1-vinylimidazole, or vinyltriazine. salt.
(10) The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the basic polymer compound is a polymer of a basic silicon compound .
(11) A silicon compound having a basic group is 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyldiethoxymethylsilane, 3- (2-aminoethylamino) propyltriethoxysilane, and 3-phenylaminopropyl The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to (10), which is one type selected from triethoxysilane.
(12) A basic vinyl monomer is dissolved in an aqueous solution of a polyvalent organic phosphate ester or a polyvalent organic phosphonic acid, and the basic vinyl monomer is polymerized by a radical initiator (8) ) Or the method for producing a phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to (9).
(13) The method for producing a phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to (12), further comprising adding a water-soluble metal salt and / or a basic compound to the aqueous solution of the organic phosphate ester or the organic phosphonic acid. .
(14) A solution of a silicon compound having a basic group and an aqueous solution of a polyvalent organic phosphate or polyvalent organic phosphonic acid are mixed, and a silicon compound having a basic group and a polyvalent phosphate or The phosphorus-containing compound according to (10) or (11), wherein a salt is formed with a polyvalent phosphonic acid, and then the silicon compound is polymerized by hydrolysis and intermolecular condensation of the silicon compound. A method for producing a polymer composite salt.
(15) A water-soluble metal salt and / or a basic compound is further mixed with the solution of the silicon compound having a basic group and the aqueous solution of the polyvalent organic phosphate ester or the polyvalent organic phosphonic acid. (14) The method for producing a phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to (14).
(16) A flame retardant comprising the phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to any one of (1) to (11) as an active ingredient.
(17) The flame retardant according to (16), wherein mixing with the polymer material suppresses ignition of the polymer material or imparts self-extinguishing properties to the ignited polymer material.

本発明の含リン高分子複合塩は、塩素または臭素などを含まないので燃焼時にダイオキシン類のような有毒なガスを発生しない。また、塩であるので揮発性がなく、環境汚染等の問題がない。さらに、本発明の含リン高分子複合塩は、疎水性高分子との相溶性に優れ、熱可塑性高分子と混練することが容易であるので、高分子材料、特に疎水性高分子材料に難燃化剤として用いて好適である。   Since the phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt of the present invention does not contain chlorine or bromine, no toxic gas such as dioxins is generated during combustion. Moreover, since it is a salt, it is not volatile and there is no problem of environmental pollution. Furthermore, since the phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt of the present invention is excellent in compatibility with a hydrophobic polymer and can be easily kneaded with a thermoplastic polymer, it is difficult for a polymer material, particularly a hydrophobic polymer material. It is suitable for use as a flame retardant.

本発明の含リン高分子複合塩は、多価の有機リン酸エステル、多価の有機ホスホン酸、又はそれらの塩の中から選ばれる少なくとも1種と、塩基性高分子化合物とが、イオン結合により調製されてなるものであり、塩基性基を有するビニルモノマーを、酸性の多価のリン酸エステル又は多価のスホン酸の水溶液に溶解してイオン対を形成させた後、ビニルモノマーをラジカル反応により高分子化することにより製造されるか、或いは、塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物の溶液と、多価のリン酸エステル又は多価のホスホン酸の水溶液とを混合し、塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物とリン酸エステル又はホスホン酸との間で塩を形成させた後、ケイ素化合物の加水分解と分子間縮合によりケイ素化合物を高分子化させることにより製造される。   In the phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt of the present invention, at least one selected from polyvalent organic phosphates, polyvalent organic phosphonic acids, or salts thereof and a basic polymer compound are ionically bonded. A vinyl monomer having a basic group is dissolved in an acidic polyvalent phosphoric acid ester or an aqueous solution of polyvalent sulfonic acid to form an ion pair, and then the vinyl monomer is radicalized. It is manufactured by polymerizing by reaction, or it has a basic group by mixing a solution of a silicon compound having a basic group and an aqueous solution of a polyvalent phosphate or polyvalent phosphonic acid. It is produced by forming a salt between a silicon compound and a phosphate ester or phosphonic acid and then polymerizing the silicon compound by hydrolysis and intermolecular condensation of the silicon compound.

また、本発明は、塩基性基を有するビニルモノマー又は塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物の高分子化に伴って反応系から相分離した含リン高分子複合塩を、難燃剤の有効成分として用いるものである。   In addition, the present invention uses a phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt phase-separated from a reaction system with the polymerization of a vinyl monomer having a basic group or a silicon compound having a basic group as an effective component of a flame retardant. It is.

本発明における有機リン酸エステルとしては、リン酸モノエステル又はリン酸ジエステル構造であって、リン含量が多く、リン酸エステル構造が分子内に複数個有する多価のリン酸エステルが用いられる。
特に好ましい多価の有機リン酸エステルとして、以下の化学式で示される天然物のフィチン酸を用いることができる。
リン酸エステルを形成するアルコール部分は1級、2級、3級の何れでもよい。
As the organic phosphate ester in the present invention, a polyvalent phosphate ester having a phosphate monoester structure or a phosphate diester structure having a high phosphorus content and a plurality of phosphate ester structures in the molecule is used.
As a particularly preferred polyvalent organic phosphate ester, natural phytic acid represented by the following chemical formula can be used.
The alcohol part forming the phosphate ester may be primary, secondary or tertiary.

また、本発明において、リン含有成分として有機ホスホン酸を用いる場合も、その構造を分子内に複数個有する多価のホスホン酸が用いられる。すなわち、分子内にホスホン酸残基を2個以上有するものであって、例えばリンに直結する有機基が三級アミン構造を有するものや、それに加えさらに水酸基やカルボキシル基を有するものを始め、水酸基を有するものなどが挙げられ、このようなものとして具体的には、ニトリロトリス(メチレンホスホン酸)、エチレンジアミン−N,N,N´,N´−テトラキス(メチレンホスホン酸)、N−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)イミノビス(メチルホスホン酸)、[(ヒドロキシメチル−ホスホノメチル−アミノ)−メチル]−ホスホン酸、1−ヒドロキシエタン−1,1−ジホスホン酸、N,N−ビス(ホスホノメチル)グリシンなどが入手容易で好ましい。   In the present invention, when an organic phosphonic acid is used as the phosphorus-containing component, a polyvalent phosphonic acid having a plurality of structures in the molecule is used. That is, those having two or more phosphonic acid residues in the molecule, for example, those in which the organic group directly linked to phosphorus has a tertiary amine structure, and in addition to those having a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group, Specific examples of such compounds include nitrilotris (methylenephosphonic acid), ethylenediamine-N, N, N ′, N′-tetrakis (methylenephosphonic acid), N- (2- Hydroxyethyl) iminobis (methylphosphonic acid), [(hydroxymethyl-phosphonomethyl-amino) -methyl] -phosphonic acid, 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, N, N-bis (phosphonomethyl) glycine, etc. are readily available Is preferable.

これらの具体的化合物を化学式で示すと次のとおりであるが、これらは、リン含有量が多く、その分難燃性に優れる点で有利である。
These specific compounds are represented by the following chemical formulas, but they are advantageous in that they have a high phosphorus content and are therefore excellent in flame retardancy.

本発明において、塩基性高分子を構成する塩基性基ビニルモノマーとしては、例えば、2−ビニルピリジン、4−ビニルピリジン、1−ビニルイミダゾール、又はビニルトリアジンなどの塩基性基を有するビニルモノマーが好ましく用いられ、特に以下の塩基性ビニルモノマーが好ましく用いられる。
In the present invention, the basic group vinyl monomer constituting the basic polymer is preferably a vinyl monomer having a basic group such as 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, 1-vinylimidazole, or vinyltriazine. In particular, the following basic vinyl monomers are preferably used.

有機リン酸エステル又は有機ホスホン酸と、塩基性ビニルモノマーとの混合割合は、有機リン酸エステル又は有機ホスホン酸のリン酸基又はホスホン酸基1当量当たり、塩基性モノマー1当量を混合することを基本とするが、リン酸基1当量当たり、塩基性モノマーを0.5当量から2当量の範囲で混合して高分子複合塩を得ることが出来る。
すなわち、6個のリン酸残基を持つフィチン酸と、1個の塩基性基を持つ4−ビニルピリジンの組み合わせでは、フィチン酸と4−ビニルピリジンの混合は1対6で行い、3個のホスホン酸基をもつN−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)イミノビス(メチルホスホン酸)と、1個のアミノ基をもつ4−ビニルピリジンでは1対3の割合で混合を行うのが一般的である。
The mixing ratio of the organic phosphoric acid ester or organic phosphonic acid and the basic vinyl monomer means that 1 equivalent of the basic monomer is mixed per 1 equivalent of the phosphoric acid group or phosphonic acid group of the organic phosphoric acid ester or organic phosphonic acid. Basically, a basic monomer can be mixed in a range of 0.5 equivalent to 2 equivalents per equivalent of phosphate group to obtain a polymer composite salt.
That is, in the case of a combination of phytic acid having 6 phosphate residues and 4-vinylpyridine having one basic group, phytic acid and 4-vinylpyridine are mixed in a ratio of 1: 6. Generally, N- (2-hydroxyethyl) iminobis (methylphosphonic acid) having a phosphonic acid group and 4-vinylpyridine having one amino group are mixed at a ratio of 1: 3.

塩基性ビニルモノマーの一部を、金属塩に置き換えることが可能である。塩基性ビニルモノマーと、金属の水酸化物、酢酸塩、炭酸塩などの、イオン交換によりリン酸エステルやホスホン酸エステルと塩形成が可能な金属塩とを、多価の有機リン酸エステル又は多価の有機ホスホン酸の水溶液に溶解し、ラジカル開始剤により前記モノマーを高分子化させると、前記多価の有機リン酸エステルのエステル残基又は前記多価の有機ホスホンのホスホン残基の一部に、金属イオンが結合した含リン高分子複合塩が得られる。該金属塩としては、カルシウム、マグネシウム、アルミニウム、亜鉛、チタン又はジルコニウムなどの多価の金属塩が好ましく用いられる。具体的には、例えば、フィチン酸1molの水溶液に、塩基性ビニルモノマー4molと、2価の金属塩1molを加え、均質な溶液とした後、ビニルモノマーを高分子化させることにより、含リン高分子複合塩は、二価金属を含む形で反応溶液より析出し回収することが出来る。   It is possible to replace some of the basic vinyl monomers with metal salts. A basic vinyl monomer and a metal salt capable of forming a salt with a phosphate ester or phosphonate ester by ion exchange, such as a metal hydroxide, acetate, carbonate, etc. When dissolved in an aqueous solution of divalent organic phosphonic acid and polymerizing the monomer with a radical initiator, part of the ester residue of the polyvalent organic phosphate ester or the phosphone residue of the polyvalent organic phosphone In addition, a phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt to which metal ions are bonded is obtained. As the metal salt, a polyvalent metal salt such as calcium, magnesium, aluminum, zinc, titanium or zirconium is preferably used. Specifically, for example, by adding 4 mol of a basic vinyl monomer and 1 mol of a divalent metal salt to an aqueous solution of 1 mol of phytic acid to obtain a homogeneous solution, the vinyl monomer is polymerized to increase the phosphorus-containing content. The molecular complex salt can be precipitated and recovered from the reaction solution in a form containing a divalent metal.

また、塩基性ビニルモノマーの一部を、アンモニア又はグアニジンなどの塩基性化合物に置き換えることも可能である。塩基性ビニルモノマーと、アンモニウム塩又は炭酸グアニジンなどの水溶性の塩を、多価の有機リン酸エステル又は多価の有機ホスホン酸の水溶液に溶解し、ラジカル開始剤により前記モノマーを高分子化させると、前記塩基性化合物がイオン結合した含リン高分子複合塩が得られる。得られた高分子複合塩を難燃化剤として用いると、材料が燃焼したとき、アンモニア又はグアニジン等の塩基性化合物がガス状になって、材料が発泡した断熱層を作り、高分子内部の継続的な燃焼を防ぐことで難燃化に寄与する。   It is also possible to replace a part of the basic vinyl monomer with a basic compound such as ammonia or guanidine. A basic vinyl monomer and a water-soluble salt such as an ammonium salt or guanidine carbonate are dissolved in an aqueous solution of a polyvalent organic phosphate or polyvalent organic phosphonic acid, and the monomer is polymerized with a radical initiator. Then, a phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt in which the basic compound is ion-bonded is obtained. When the obtained polymer composite salt is used as a flame retardant, when the material burns, a basic compound such as ammonia or guanidine becomes a gas, creating a heat insulating layer in which the material is foamed. Contributes to incombustibility by preventing continuous combustion.

本発明における塩基性高分子の他の例として、塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物を高分子化したものが用いられる。
有機リン酸エステル又は有機ホスホン酸、及び塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物を原料とする含リン高分子複合塩は、塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物をエチルアルコール、メチルアルコールなど有機溶剤に溶解しておき、これにリン酸エステルの水溶液を攪拌下に滴下、混合することにより製造される。
複合塩は、シランの加水分解により生じたシラノール基は分子間縮合反応により高分子化して、溶液より固体となって析出する。析出した複合塩は濾過法、遠心分離などにより容易に分離、回収することが可能である。
As another example of the basic polymer in the present invention, a polymer obtained by polymerizing a silicon compound having a basic group is used.
Phosphorus-containing polymer composite salts using organic phosphoric acid ester or organic phosphonic acid and a silicon compound having a basic group as raw materials are prepared by dissolving a silicon compound having a basic group in an organic solvent such as ethyl alcohol or methyl alcohol. This is prepared by dropping and mixing an aqueous solution of a phosphate ester with stirring.
In the composite salt, silanol groups generated by hydrolysis of silane are polymerized by an intermolecular condensation reaction, and are precipitated as a solid from a solution. The precipitated complex salt can be easily separated and recovered by filtration, centrifugation, or the like.

本発明の塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物は、ジアルコシキシラン、またはトリアルコキシシラン構造をもつ化合物であり、シラン類に含まれるアルコキシル基としては、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロピルオキシ基などである。塩基性基としては、1級アミノ基、2級アミノ基、3級アミノ基、またはピリジン骨核のような3級アミノ基が利用できる。塩基性基と珪素原子とは短鎖のメチレン鎖(プロピレンなど)で結合されたものが利用できる。適用できるシランとして、3−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3−アミノプロピルジエトキシメチルシシラン、3−(2−アミノエチルアミノ)プロピルトリメトキシシラン、トリメトキシ〔3-(フェニルアミノ)プロピル〕シラン、ビス〔3−(トリエトキシシリル)プロピル〕アミン、3−(N,N−ジメチルアミノプロピル)トリメトキシシラン、2−(トリメトキシシリルエチル)ピリジンが、挙げられる。   The silicon compound having a basic group of the present invention is a compound having a dialkoxysilane or trialkoxysilane structure, and examples of the alkoxyl group contained in the silanes include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, and a propyloxy group. As the basic group, a primary amino group, a secondary amino group, a tertiary amino group, or a tertiary amino group such as a pyridine skeleton can be used. A basic group and a silicon atom can be used in which a short methylene chain (such as propylene) is bonded. Applicable silanes include 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyldiethoxymethylsilane, 3- (2-aminoethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane, trimethoxy [3- (phenylamino) propyl] silane, bis [3- (Triethoxysilyl) propyl] amine, 3- (N, N-dimethylaminopropyl) trimethoxysilane, 2- (trimethoxysilylethyl) pyridine may be mentioned.

以下に、特に好ましい塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物を示す。
Below, the silicon compound which has a particularly preferable basic group is shown.

有機リン酸エステル類又は有機ホスホン酸類と、前記ケイ素化合物との混合は、リン酸エステルまたはホスホン酸の解離性のリン酸基またはホスホン酸基1当量当たりアミノシランのアミノ基1当量で混合することを基本とするが、リン酸基1当量当たり、アミノシランのアミノ基を0.5当量から2当量の範囲で混合しても高分子複合塩を得ることが出来る。
すなわち、一般的には、6個のリン酸残基を持つフィチン酸と、1個のアミノ基を持つ3−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシランの組み合わせでは、フィチン酸とシランの混合は1対6で行い、3個のホスホン酸基をもつN−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)イミノビス(メチルホスホン酸)と、1個のアミノ基をもつ3−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシランでは1対3の割合で混合を行う。また6個のリン酸残基を持つフィチン酸と、2個のアミノ基をもつ3−(2−アミノエチルアミノ)プロピルトリメトキシシランでは、フィチン酸とシランの混合は1対3の比で混合を行う。
The mixing of the organic phosphoric acid esters or organic phosphonic acids with the silicon compound is carried out by mixing with 1 equivalent of amino group of aminosilane per 1 equivalent of dissociable phosphoric acid group or phosphonic acid group of phosphoric acid ester or phosphonic acid. Basically, a polymer composite salt can be obtained by mixing amino groups of aminosilane in the range of 0.5 equivalents to 2 equivalents per equivalent of phosphate group.
That is, in general, in the combination of phytic acid having 6 phosphate residues and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane having 1 amino group, phytic acid and silane are mixed 1 to 6. N- (2-hydroxyethyl) iminobis (methylphosphonic acid) having three phosphonic acid groups and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane having one amino group are mixed in a ratio of 1: 3. In addition, for phytic acid having 6 phosphate residues and 3- (2-aminoethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane having 2 amino groups, phytic acid and silane are mixed in a ratio of 1: 3. I do.

塩基性高分子が塩基性ビニルモノマーを高分子化したものである場合と同様に、塩基性高分子が塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物を高分子化したものである場合においても、その一部を、前記の金属塩、或いはアンモニア又はグアニジンンなどの塩基性化合物に置き換えることが可能である。塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物の溶液と、多価の有機リン酸エステル又は多価の有機ホスホン酸の水溶液とを混合して、ケイ素化合物を高分子化させる際に、前記塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物の溶液と、前記有機リン酸エステル又は多価の有機ホスホン酸の水溶液に、さらに水溶性の金属塩を混合することにより、前記多価の有機リン酸エステルのエステル残基又は前記多価の有機ホスホンのホスホン残基の一部に、金属イオンが結合した含リン高分子複合塩を得ることができる。同様に、前記塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物の溶液と、前記有機リン酸エステル又は多価の有機ホスホン酸の水溶液に、さらに水溶性の金属塩を混合することにより、前記塩基性化合物がイオン結合した含リン高分子複合塩が得られる。   Similar to the case where the basic polymer is obtained by polymerizing a basic vinyl monomer, even when the basic polymer is obtained by polymerizing a silicon compound having a basic group, a part of the basic polymer is obtained. It can be replaced with the above-mentioned metal salts or basic compounds such as ammonia or guanidine. When a silicon compound solution having a basic group is mixed with an aqueous solution of a polyvalent organic phosphate ester or a polyvalent organic phosphonic acid to polymerize the silicon compound, the silicon having the basic group By mixing a water-soluble metal salt with a solution of the compound and the aqueous solution of the organic phosphate ester or the polyvalent organic phosphonic acid, the ester residue of the polyvalent organic phosphate ester or the polyvalent organic phosphate. A phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt in which a metal ion is bonded to a part of the phosphone residue of the organic phosphone can be obtained. Similarly, the basic compound is ionically bonded by further mixing a water-soluble metal salt in the solution of the silicon compound having the basic group and the aqueous solution of the organic phosphate ester or the polyvalent organic phosphonic acid. Thus obtained phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt is obtained.

本発明の難燃化剤は、熱可塑性高分子材料および熱硬化性高分子材料に適用可能である。熱可塑性高分子としてはポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレンなどのポリオレフィンおよびポリエチレン酢酸ビニルのような共重合体、縮合型高分子であるナイロン6やナイロン66などのポリアミド、ポリエチレンテレフタレートやポリ乳酸などのポリエステルなどが挙げられる。熱可塑性高分子に対しては、本発明の難燃化剤を1重量%から100重量%、好ましくは5重量%から40重量%を添加し、加熱成形することが出来る。また熱硬化性高分子としては、エポキシ樹脂、尿素樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂が挙げられる。熱硬化性高分子への適用では、対応する樹脂原料に、本発明の難燃化剤を、1重量%から100重量%、好ましくは5重量%から40重量%を混合し、加熱反応により成形することで実施できる。   The flame retardant of the present invention is applicable to thermoplastic polymer materials and thermosetting polymer materials. Examples of thermoplastic polymers include polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene, copolymers such as polyethylene vinyl acetate, polyamides such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, which are condensation type polymers, and polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polylactic acid. Can be mentioned. For the thermoplastic polymer, 1 to 100% by weight, preferably 5 to 40% by weight, of the flame retardant of the present invention can be added and heat-molded. Examples of the thermosetting polymer include epoxy resins, urea resins, and polyurethane resins. For application to thermosetting polymers, 1% to 100% by weight, preferably 5% to 40% by weight of the flame retardant of the present invention is mixed with the corresponding resin raw material, and molded by heating reaction. This can be done.

以下、本発明を実施例によってさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例により何ら限定されるものではない。
(実施例1)
50重量%のフィチン酸水溶液16.72g(12.7mmol相当)を350mlの純水に溶解し、この溶液に蒸留精製した4−ビニルピリジン8.01g(76.3mmol)を溶解した。反応系内を窒素ガスで十分置換の後、過硫酸カリウム343mgを加え、50℃で一夜攪拌した。溶液から析出した油状物を取り出し、真空乾燥して固形物としてフィチン酸−ポリビニルピリジン複合塩17.01gを得た。
元素分析値:C;40.56%,H;4.94%,N;5.63%.
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
16.72 g (corresponding to 12.7 mmol) of a 50% by weight aqueous phytic acid solution was dissolved in 350 ml of pure water, and 8.01 g (76.3 mmol) of 4-vinylpyridine purified by distillation was dissolved in this solution. After sufficiently replacing the reaction system with nitrogen gas, 343 mg of potassium persulfate was added, and the mixture was stirred at 50 ° C. overnight. The oil precipitated from the solution was taken out and dried under vacuum to obtain 17.01 g of phytic acid-polyvinylpyridine complex salt as a solid.
Elemental analysis: C; 40.56%, H; 4.94%, N; 5.63%.

(実施例2)
50重量%のフィチン酸水溶液20.34g(15.4mmol相当)を100mlの純水に溶解し、この溶液に蒸留精製した4−ビニルピリジン6.48g(61.6mmol)を溶解した。これに、酢酸カルシウム(一水和物)2.71g(15.4mmol)を純水50mlに溶かした溶液を加えた。反応系内を窒素ガスで十分置換の後、過硫酸カリウム416mgを加え、50℃で一夜攪拌した。溶液から析出した油状物を取り出し、真空乾燥して固形物としてフィチン酸−ポリビニルピリジン−カルシウム複合塩14.25gを得た。
元素分析値:C;35.61%,H;4.54%,N;4.76%.
(Example 2)
20.34 g (corresponding to 15.4 mmol) of a 50% by weight aqueous phytic acid solution was dissolved in 100 ml of pure water, and 6.48 g (61.6 mmol) of 4-vinylpyridine purified by distillation was dissolved in this solution. To this was added a solution prepared by dissolving 2.71 g (15.4 mmol) of calcium acetate (monohydrate) in 50 ml of pure water. After sufficiently replacing the reaction system with nitrogen gas, 416 mg of potassium persulfate was added, and the mixture was stirred at 50 ° C. overnight. The oil precipitated from the solution was taken out and dried under vacuum to obtain 14.25 g of a phytic acid-polyvinylpyridine-calcium composite salt as a solid.
Elemental analysis values: C; 35.61%, H; 4.54%, N; 4.76%.

(実施例3)
実施例2と同様にして、50重量%のフィチン酸水溶液22.11g(16.7mmol)と4−ビニルピリジン7.04g(67mmol)、酢酸マグネシウム(四水和物)3.58g(16.7mmol)から、マグネシウムを含む含燐高分子複合塩18.36gを得た。
(Example 3)
In the same manner as in Example 2, 22.11 g (16.7 mmol) of a 50 wt% aqueous phytic acid solution, 7.04 g (67 mmol) of 4-vinylpyridine, 3.58 g (16.7 mmol) of magnesium acetate (tetrahydrate) ) To obtain 18.36 g of a phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt containing magnesium.

(実施例4)
50重量%のフィチン酸水溶液6.60g(5mmol)を純水50mlに希釈し、これにビニルメラミン2.06g(15mmol)を溶解した。反応系内を窒素ガスで十分置換の後、過硫酸カリウム41mgを加え、50℃で一夜攪拌した。溶液から析出した油状物を取り出し、真空乾燥して固形物としてフィチン酸−ポリビニルメラミン複合塩6.06gを得た。
Example 4
6.60 g (5 mmol) of a 50% by weight aqueous phytic acid solution was diluted in 50 ml of pure water, and 2.06 g (15 mmol) of vinylmelamine was dissolved therein. After sufficiently replacing the reaction system with nitrogen gas, 41 mg of potassium persulfate was added, and the mixture was stirred at 50 ° C. overnight. The oil precipitated from the solution was taken out and dried under vacuum to obtain 6.06 g of phytic acid-polyvinylmelamine composite salt as a solid.

(実施例5)
3−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン25.27g(114mmol)をエチルアルコール250mlに溶解し、溶液を激しく攪拌しながら、50重量%のフィチン酸水溶液25.12g(19mmol)を注入した。12時間攪拌後、析出した白色沈殿を濾過により取り出した。100℃で1時間真空乾燥して、フィチン酸−3−アミノプロピルシラン複合塩28.82gを微粉末として得た。
元素分析値:C;21.02%,H;5.11%,N;5.81%.
得られた複合塩粉末の走査電子顕微鏡写真を図1に示す。
(Example 5)
25.27 g (114 mmol) of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was dissolved in 250 ml of ethyl alcohol, and 25.12 g (19 mmol) of a 50 wt% aqueous phytic acid solution was injected while the solution was vigorously stirred. After stirring for 12 hours, the precipitated white precipitate was removed by filtration. By vacuum drying at 100 ° C. for 1 hour, 28.82 g of phytic acid-3-aminopropylsilane composite salt was obtained as a fine powder.
Elemental analysis values: C; 21.02%, H; 5.11%, N; 5.81%.
A scanning electron micrograph of the obtained composite salt powder is shown in FIG.

(実施例6)
実施例6と同様にして、3−アミノプロピルジエトキシメチルシラン574mg(3mmol)と50重量%のフィチン酸水溶液660mg(0.5mmol)よりフィチン酸−アミノシラン複合塩610mgを得た。
元素分析値:C;25.55%,H;5.91%,N;5.69%.
(Example 6)
In the same manner as in Example 6, 610 mg of phytic acid-aminosilane complex salt was obtained from 574 mg (3 mmol) of 3-aminopropyldiethoxymethylsilane and 660 mg (0.5 mmol) of 50% by weight aqueous phytic acid solution.
Elemental analysis: C; 25.55%, H; 5.91%, N; 5.69%.

(実施例7)
実施例6と同様にして、トリメトキシ〔3−(フェニルアミノ)プロピル〕シラン766mg(3mmol)と50重量%のフィチン酸水溶液660mg(0.5mmol)よりフィチン酸-アミノシラン複合塩900mgを得た。
元素分析値:C;37.65%,H;4.77%,N;4.16%.
(Example 7)
In the same manner as in Example 6, 900 mg of a phytic acid-aminosilane complex salt was obtained from 766 mg (3 mmol) of trimethoxy [3- (phenylamino) propyl] silane and 660 mg (0.5 mmol) of a 50% by weight aqueous phytic acid solution.
Elemental analysis: C; 37.65%, H; 4.77%, N; 4.16%.

(実施例8)
3−(2−アミノエチルアミノ)プロピルトリメトキシシラン10.01g(45mmol)をエチルアルコール150mlに溶解し、激しく攪拌しながら、50重量%フィチン酸水溶液19.8g(15mmol)と注入した。攪拌下に12時間放置後、析出した白色の沈殿を濾別回収した。100℃で1時間真空乾燥して18.65gのフィチン酸−アミノシラン複合塩を得た。
元素分析値:C;27.29%,H;6.15%,N;9.14%.
得られた複合塩粉末の走査電子顕微鏡写真を図2に示す。
(Example 8)
10.01 g (45 mmol) of 3- (2-aminoethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane was dissolved in 150 ml of ethyl alcohol, and 19.8 g (15 mmol) of a 50% by weight aqueous phytic acid solution was injected with vigorous stirring. The mixture was allowed to stand for 12 hours under stirring, and the precipitated white precipitate was collected by filtration. It vacuum-dried at 100 degreeC for 1 hour, and obtained 18.65g phytic acid-aminosilane composite salt.
Elemental analysis: C; 27.29%, H; 6.15%, N; 9.14%.
A scanning electron micrograph of the obtained composite salt powder is shown in FIG.

(実施例9)
50重量%のフィチン酸26.4g(20mmol)に28%アンモニア水2.43g(40mmol相当)を徐々に加え、混合した。3−(2−アミノエチルアミノ)プロピルトリメトキシシラン8.89g(40mmol)をメチルアルコール500mlに溶解し、激しく攪拌しながら、先に調製したフィチン酸−アンモニア水混合液を一気に加えた。攪拌下に12時間放置後、析出した白沈殿を濾別により回収した。100℃で1時間真空乾燥して22.13gのフィチン酸−アミノシラン−アンモニア複合塩を得た。
Example 9
To 26.4 g (20 mmol) of 50 wt% phytic acid, 2.43 g (equivalent to 40 mmol) of 28% aqueous ammonia was gradually added and mixed. 8.89 g (40 mmol) of 3- (2-aminoethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane was dissolved in 500 ml of methyl alcohol, and the previously prepared phytic acid-ammonia water mixture was added all at once with vigorous stirring. After standing for 12 hours under stirring, the precipitated white precipitate was collected by filtration. It vacuum-dried at 100 degreeC for 1 hour, and obtained 22.13g phytic acid-aminosilane-ammonia composite salt.

(実施例10)
50重量%のフィチン酸6.60g(5mmol)に炭酸グアニジン0.90g(5mmol)を加え、攪拌し溶解させた。3−(2−アミノエチルアミノ)プロピルトリメトキシシラン2.22g(10mmol)をメチルアルコール45mlに溶解し、激しく攪拌しながら、先に調製したフィチン酸−グアニジン混合液を一気に加えた。攪拌下に12時間放置後、析出した白沈殿を濾別により回収した。100℃で1時間真空乾燥して
6.06gのフィチン酸−アミノシラン−グアニジニウム複合塩を得た。
(Example 10)
To 6.60 g (5 mmol) of 50 wt% phytic acid, 0.90 g (5 mmol) of guanidine carbonate was added and dissolved by stirring. 3- (2-aminoethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane (2.22 g, 10 mmol) was dissolved in methyl alcohol (45 ml), and the phytic acid-guanidine mixture prepared previously was added all at once with vigorous stirring. After standing for 12 hours under stirring, the precipitated white precipitate was collected by filtration. It vacuum-dried at 100 degreeC for 1 hour, and obtained 6.06 g of phytic acid-aminosilane-guanidinium complex salt.

(実施例11)
50重量%のフィチン酸6.60g(5mmol)に酢酸マグネシウム(四水和物)1.07g(5mmol相当)を加え、攪拌し溶解させた。3−(2−アミノエチルアミノ)プロピルトリメトキシシラン2.22g(10mmol)をメチルアルコール45mlに溶解し、激しく攪拌しながら、先に調製したフィチン酸−マグネシウム混合液を一気に加えた。攪拌下に12時間放置後、析出した白沈殿を濾別により回収した。100℃で1時間真空乾燥して5.50gのフィチン酸−アミノシラン−マグネシウム複合塩を得た。
Example 11
To 6.60 g (5 mmol) of 50 wt% phytic acid, 1.07 g (corresponding to 5 mmol) of magnesium acetate (tetrahydrate) was added and stirred to dissolve. 3- (2-Aminoethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane (2.22 g, 10 mmol) was dissolved in methyl alcohol (45 ml), and the phytic acid-magnesium mixture prepared previously was added all at once with vigorous stirring. After standing for 12 hours under stirring, the precipitated white precipitate was collected by filtration. It vacuum-dried at 100 degreeC for 1 hour, and obtained 5.50g phytic acid-aminosilane-magnesium composite salt.

(実施例12)
ニトリロトリス(メチレンホスホン酸)5.98g(60%水溶液、10mmol相当)を、3−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン6.62g(30mmol)のエチルアルコール溶液35mlに攪拌下に注入し、析出した白沈殿を濾過により回収した。沈殿を100℃で1時間真空加熱し、微粉末としてホスホン酸-アミノシラン複合塩を得た(6.03g)。
得られた複合塩粉末の走査電子顕微鏡写真を図3に示す。
Example 12
Nitrilotris (methylenephosphonic acid) 5.98 g (60% aqueous solution, equivalent to 10 mmol) was poured into 35 ml of ethyl alcohol solution of 6.62 g (30 mmol) of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane with stirring, and the precipitated white precipitate was Collected by filtration. The precipitate was heated under vacuum at 100 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a phosphonic acid-aminosilane complex salt as a fine powder (6.03 g).
A scanning electron micrograph of the obtained composite salt powder is shown in FIG.

(実施例13)
実施例12と同様にして、1−ヒドロキシエタン−1,1−ジホスホン酸と3−アミノプロピルシランとから微粉末として複合塩を得た。
得られた複合塩粉末の走査電子顕微鏡写真を図4に示す。
(Example 13)
In the same manner as in Example 12, a composite salt was obtained as a fine powder from 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid and 3-aminopropylsilane.
A scanning electron micrograph of the obtained composite salt powder is shown in FIG.

(実施例14)
実施例12と同様にして、1−ヒドロキシエタン−1,1−ジホスホン酸とトリメトキシ〔3−(フェニルアミノ)プロピル〕シランから微粉末として複合塩を得た。
得られた複合塩粉末の走査電子顕微鏡写真を図5に示す。
(Example 14)
In the same manner as in Example 12, a composite salt was obtained as a fine powder from 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid and trimethoxy [3- (phenylamino) propyl] silane.
A scanning electron micrograph of the obtained composite salt powder is shown in FIG.

(実施例15)
実施例12と同様にして、1−ヒドロキシエタン−1,1−ジホスホン酸と3−アミノプロピルシランから微粉末として複合塩を得た。
得られた複合塩粉末の走査電子顕微鏡写真を図6に示す。
(Example 15)
In the same manner as in Example 12, a composite salt was obtained as a fine powder from 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid and 3-aminopropylsilane.
A scanning electron micrograph of the obtained composite salt powder is shown in FIG.

(実施例16)
実施例で得られた含リン高分子複合塩の微粉末とエチレンビニールアセテート共重合体の粉体とを、40部対100部の割合で混合し、130℃において3mm厚の板に加圧成形し、限界酸素指数値(vol%O)の測定に供した。
結果を表1に示す。
(Example 16)
The fine powder of the phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt obtained in the example and the powder of the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer were mixed in a ratio of 40 parts to 100 parts, and pressed into a 3 mm thick plate at 130 ° C. Then, it was subjected to measurement of the limiting oxygen index value (vol% O 2 ).
The results are shown in Table 1.

本発明の脂溶性有機系リン含有酸塩は、化学産業分野や繊維産業分野において、繊維、フィルム、壁紙、導線被覆材などの高分子材料製品に適用される難燃化剤として利用される。   The fat-soluble organic phosphorus-containing acid salt of the present invention is used as a flame retardant applied to polymer material products such as fibers, films, wallpaper, and conductor coating materials in the chemical industry and the textile industry.

実施例5で得られた複合塩粉末の走査電子顕微鏡写真を示す図The figure which shows the scanning electron micrograph of the composite salt powder obtained in Example 5 実施例8で得られた複合塩粉末の走査電子顕微鏡写真を示す図The figure which shows the scanning electron micrograph of the composite salt powder obtained in Example 8 実施例12得られた複合塩粉末の走査電子顕微鏡写真を示す図FIG. 12 shows a scanning electron micrograph of the obtained composite salt powder. 実施例13で得られた複合塩粉末の走査電子顕微鏡写真を示す図The figure which shows the scanning electron micrograph of the composite salt powder obtained in Example 13 実施例14で得られた複合塩粉末の走査電子顕微鏡写真を示す図The figure which shows the scanning electron micrograph of the composite salt powder obtained in Example 14 実施例15で得られた複合塩粉末の走査電子顕微鏡写真を示す図The figure which shows the scanning electron micrograph of the composite salt powder obtained in Example 15

Claims (17)

多価の有機リン酸エステル、多価の有機ホスホン酸、又はそれらの塩の中から選ばれる少なくとも1種と、塩基性高分子化合物とが、イオン結合により調製されてなることを特徴とする含リン高分子複合塩。   It is characterized in that at least one selected from a polyvalent organic phosphate ester, a polyvalent organic phosphonic acid, or a salt thereof, and a basic polymer compound are prepared by ionic bonding. Phosphorus polymer composite salt. 上記多価の有機リン酸エステルが、フィチン酸である請求項1に記載の含リン高分子複合塩。   The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to claim 1, wherein the polyvalent organic phosphate is phytic acid. 上記多価の有機ホスホン酸が、ニトリロトリス(メチレンホスホン酸)、エチレンジアミン−N,N,N´,N´−テトラキス(メチレンホスホン酸)、N−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)イミノビス(メチルホスホン酸)、[(ヒドロキシメチル−ホスホノメチル−アミノ)−メチル]−ホスホン酸、又は1−ヒドロキシエタン−1,1−ジホスホン酸から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項1に記載の含リン高分子複合塩。   The polyvalent organic phosphonic acid is nitrilotris (methylenephosphonic acid), ethylenediamine-N, N, N ′, N′-tetrakis (methylenephosphonic acid), N- (2-hydroxyethyl) iminobis (methylphosphonic acid), The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to claim 1, which is at least one selected from [(hydroxymethyl-phosphonomethyl-amino) -methyl] -phosphonic acid or 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid. 前記多価の有機リン酸エステルのエステル残基又は前記多価の有機ホスホンのホスホン残基の一部に、金属イオンが結合していることを特徴とする請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の含リン高分子複合塩。   4. A metal ion is bonded to a part of an ester residue of the polyvalent organic phosphate ester or a part of a phosphone residue of the polyvalent organic phosphone. The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to Item. 前記金属が、カルシウム、マグネシウム、アルミニウム、亜鉛、チタン又はジルコニウムから選ばれるすくなくとも1種である請求項4に記載の含リン高分子複合塩。   The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to claim 4, wherein the metal is at least one selected from calcium, magnesium, aluminum, zinc, titanium, or zirconium. 前記多価の有機リン酸エステルのエステル残基又は前記多価の有機ホスホンのホスホン残基の一部に、塩基性化合物がイオン結合していることを特徴とする請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の含リン高分子複合塩。   The basic compound is ion-bonded to an ester residue of the polyvalent organic phosphate ester or a part of a phosphone residue of the polyvalent organic phosphone. 2. The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to claim 1. 前記塩基性化合物が、アンモニウム又はグアニジンンである請求項6に記載の含リン高分子複合塩。   The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to claim 6, wherein the basic compound is ammonium or guanidine. 前記塩基性高分子化合物が、塩基性を有するビニルモノマーを高分子化したものであることを特徴とする請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載の含リン高分子複合塩。   The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the basic polymer compound is a polymerized vinyl monomer having basicity. 前記塩基性基を有するビニルモノマーが、2−ビニルピリジン、4−ビニルピリジン、1−ビニルイミダゾール、又はビニルトリアジンから選ばれるすくなくとも1種である請求項8に記載の含リン高分子複合塩。   The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to claim 8, wherein the vinyl monomer having a basic group is at least one selected from 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, 1-vinylimidazole, or vinyltriazine. 前記塩基性高分子化合物が、塩基性を有するケイ素化合物を高分子化したものであることを特徴とする請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載の含リン高分子複合塩。   The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the basic polymer compound is obtained by polymerizing a basic silicon compound. 塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物が、3−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3−アミノプロピルジエトキシメチルシシラン、3−(2−アミノエチルアミノ)プロピルトリエトキシシラン、及び3−フェニルアミノプロピルトリエトキシシランから選ばれる1種である請求項10に記載の含リン高分子複合塩。   Silicon compounds having basic groups are 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyldiethoxymethylsilane, 3- (2-aminoethylamino) propyltriethoxysilane, and 3-phenylaminopropyltriethoxysilane The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to claim 10, which is one selected from the group consisting of: 塩基性ビニルモノマーを、多価の有機リン酸エステル又は多価の機ホスホン酸の水溶液に溶解し、ラジカル開始剤により該塩基性ビニルモノマーを高分子化させることを特徴とする請求項8又は9に記載の含リン高分子複合塩の製造方法。   10. The basic vinyl monomer is dissolved in an aqueous solution of a polyvalent organic phosphate ester or a polyvalent organic phosphonic acid, and the basic vinyl monomer is polymerized with a radical initiator. A method for producing a phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt described in 1. 前記多価の有機リン酸エステル又は多価の有機ホスホン酸の水溶液に、さらに水溶性の金属塩及び/又は塩基性化合物を加えることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の含リン高分子複合塩の製造方法。   The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to claim 12, wherein a water-soluble metal salt and / or a basic compound is further added to the aqueous solution of the polyvalent organic phosphate ester or the polyvalent organic phosphonic acid. Manufacturing method. 塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物の溶液と、多価の有機リン酸エステル又は多価の有機ホスホン酸の水溶液とを混合し、塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物と多価のリン酸エステル又は多価のホスホン酸との間で塩を形成させた後、ケイ素化合物の加水分解と分子間縮合によりケイ素化合物を高分子化させることを特徴とする請求項10又は11に記載の含リン高分子複合塩の製造方法。   A silicon compound solution having a basic group and an aqueous solution of a polyvalent organic phosphate or polyvalent organic phosphonic acid are mixed, and the silicon compound having a basic group and a polyvalent phosphate or polyvalent phosphate are mixed. The phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to claim 10 or 11, wherein after forming a salt with phosphonic acid, the silicon compound is polymerized by hydrolysis and intermolecular condensation of the silicon compound. Production method. 前記塩基性基を有するケイ素化合物の溶液と、前記多価の有機リン酸エステル又は多価の有機ホスホン酸の水溶液に、さらに水溶性の金属塩及び/又は塩基性化合物を混合することを特徴とする請求項14に記載の含リン高分子複合塩の製造方法。   A water-soluble metal salt and / or a basic compound is further mixed into the solution of the silicon compound having a basic group and the aqueous solution of the polyvalent organic phosphate ester or the polyvalent organic phosphonic acid. The method for producing a phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to claim 14. 請求項1から11までのいずれか1項に記載の含リン高分子複合塩を有効成分とする難燃化剤。   A flame retardant comprising the phosphorus-containing polymer composite salt according to any one of claims 1 to 11 as an active ingredient. 高分子材料に混合することにより、高分子材料の着火を抑制し、又は着火した高分子材料に自己消火性を与えることを特徴とする請求項16に記載の難燃化剤。   The flame retardant according to claim 16, wherein mixing with the polymer material suppresses ignition of the polymer material or imparts self-extinguishing properties to the ignited polymer material.
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