JP2009079408A - Opening-closing body driving device and automatic opening-closing device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make an opening-closing speed of an opening-closing body different in the moving direction regardless of control, by generating driving force different in the moving direction of the opening-closing body. <P>SOLUTION: Opening side and blocking-up side gear trains 60 and 70 are arranged between an output shaft 44 and the final output shaft 91, and the respective gear trains 60 and 70 are individually operated in response to the rotational direction of an armature (a rotational driving body) by first and second one-way clutches 63 and 73. Since the reduction gear ratio of the respective gear trains 60 and 70 can be respectively optionally set, useless energy consumption can be restraining by making the driving force different in the moving direction of a rear hatch. The opening-closing speed can be made different in response to the moving direction of the rear hatch regardless of the control, and opening-closing operation can be performed without enlarging an operation sound of the armature, so as to easily cope with various needs. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an opening / closing body driving device for opening / closing an opening / closing body having different opening / closing operation forces in an opening direction and a closing direction.

  Conventionally, at the rear end of a vehicle body that forms a vehicle such as an automobile, a vertically openable / closable opening / closing body that swings in the vertical direction of the vehicle body, that is, a trunk lid for a sedan vehicle, and a rear hatch for a hatchback vehicle. The opening / closing body is moved from the fully closed position to the fully open position, thereby loading or unloading the luggage from the luggage space.

  Such an openable / closable opening / closing body opens and closes a relatively large opening formed at the rear end of the vehicle body, so that it is not only large but also heavy. Since it is necessary to swing in the vertical direction, it is not easy to manually perform the opening / closing operation. Therefore, an operating force assisting device such as a torsion bar or a gas stay that generates a repulsive force is provided between the vehicle body and the opening / closing body, and the operating force assisting device reduces the operating force in the opening direction of the opening / closing body, and The opening / closing body is held in the fully open position. When such an operating force assisting device is provided, the operating force in the opening direction can be reduced, while a large load is required to resist the repulsive force of the operating force assisting device when closing the opening and closing body, As a result, a large operating force is required in the closing direction of the opening / closing body.

Therefore, in order to automatically perform such an opening / closing operation of the opening / closing body and reduce the burden on the operator, an opening / closing body driving device having an electric motor rotating in the forward direction or the reverse direction is mounted on the vehicle body. A vehicle has been developed in which an opening / closing body of an up / down opening / closing type can be driven to open / close by driving an opening / closing body driving device. As such an opening / closing body driving device, for example, a technique described in Patent Document 1 is known. The opening / closing body driving device described in Patent Document 1 includes a rotating shaft that is rotationally driven by an electric motor, and an output shaft to which an end of a swing arm (link mechanism) that opens and closes a trunk lid (opening / closing body) is connected. And a reduction mechanism provided between the rotation shaft and the output shaft decelerates the rotation of the rotation shaft and transmits the rotation with high torque to the output shaft.
JP 2004-268758 A

  However, according to the opening / closing body driving device described in Patent Document 1 described above, the rotation of the rotating shaft is decelerated by a single reduction mechanism provided between the rotating shaft and the output shaft. The reduction ratio is constant between the body opening direction and the closing direction. Here, the opening / closing body driving device described in Patent Document 1 has a torsion bar as an operation force assisting device, and as described above, in order to drive the opening / closing body, the opening / closing body is closed rather than moving in the opening direction. A greater operating force is required for movement in the direction. Therefore, in the opening / closing body driving device described in Patent Document 1, the reduction ratio is set according to the output (torque) required for the operating force in the closing direction.

  The opening / closing speed of the opening / closing body is set to be different between the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body. For example, the opening / closing body is quickly moved in the opening direction to quickly load and unload the luggage on the body, while the opening / closing body is moved slowly in the closing direction for safety to the operator in the vicinity of the opening / closing body. Control is performed. At that time, the rotating shaft of the electric motor is driven to rotate at a higher speed when moving the opening / closing body in the opening direction than when moving the opening / closing body in the closing direction. However, there is a problem that the operating noise of the motor increases by rotating the motor at high speed.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an opening / closing body driving device capable of generating different driving forces and moving speeds in the moving direction of the opening / closing body and reducing the operating noise of the motor.

  The opening / closing body driving device of the present invention is an opening / closing body driving device that opens and closes an opening / closing body that has different opening / closing operation forces in the opening direction and the closing direction, the rotation driving body rotating in the forward direction or the reverse direction, and the rotation A first rotary shaft that is rotationally driven by a drive body; a second rotary shaft that is rotationally driven by the first rotary shaft and is connected to the opening / closing body via a link mechanism; and the first rotary shaft An open side gear train having at least a pair of gears provided between the first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft, and transmitting the rotation of the first rotary shaft to the second rotary shaft, and the first rotary shaft A closed side gear train having at least a pair of gears provided between the first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft, and transmitting the rotation of the first rotary shaft to the second rotary shaft. Provided in one of the gears to be formed, and when the first rotating shaft rotates forward, the second Provided in a first one-way clutch that transmits rotation to a rotating shaft and does not transmit rotation to the second rotating shaft when the first rotating shaft is reversely rotated, and one gear that forms the closing side gear train A second one-way that transmits rotation to the second rotating shaft when the first rotating shaft is reversely rotated and does not transmit rotation to the second rotating shaft when the first rotating shaft is rotated forward. And a clutch.

  In the opening / closing body drive device of the present invention, the one side gears forming the open side and the close side gear trains are arranged on the same shaft, and the other side gear forming the open side and the close side gear trains Are arranged on the same shaft, and the first and second one-way clutches are respectively provided on the gears on one side or the other side of the gear trains.

  In the opening / closing body drive device of the present invention, the one side gears forming the open side and the close side gear trains are arranged on the same shaft, and the other side gear forming the open side and the close side gear trains Are arranged on the same shaft, the first one-way clutch is provided on one gear of the open side gear train, and the second one-way clutch is provided on the other gear side of the closing side gear train. It is characterized by.

  The opening / closing body drive device according to the present invention includes an electromagnetic clutch capable of intermittently transmitting the rotation of the rotation drive body to the first rotation shaft between the rotation drive body and the first rotation shaft. It is characterized by providing.

  The automatic opening / closing device for a vehicle according to the present invention is mounted on a vehicle body through a hinge shaft so as to be freely opened and closed, and automatically opens and closes an opening / closing body that reduces an operation force in an opening direction by an operation force assisting device. An automatic opening / closing device for a vehicle, wherein the rotary drive body rotates in a forward direction or a reverse direction, a first rotary shaft that is rotationally driven by the rotary drive body, and is rotationally driven by the first rotary shaft, A second rotating shaft connected to the opening / closing body via a link mechanism; and provided between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, the rotation of the first rotating shaft being the first rotating shaft. An open-side gear train having at least a pair of gears that are transmitted to two rotation shafts, and the first rotation shaft and the second rotation shaft, and the rotation of the first rotation shaft is the first rotation shaft. A closed side gear train having at least a pair of gears transmitted to the two rotation shafts; Provided in one gear forming the open side gear train, transmits the rotation to the second rotation shaft when the first rotation shaft rotates forward, and transmits the second rotation when the first rotation shaft rotates reversely. Provided in the first one-way clutch that does not transmit rotation to the rotating shaft and one gear that forms the closing side gear train, and transmits the rotation to the second rotating shaft when the first rotating shaft is reversely rotated. And a second one-way clutch that does not transmit rotation to the second rotating shaft when the first rotating shaft rotates forward.

  According to the present invention, the open side and closed side gear trains are provided between the first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft, and the open side and closed side gear trains are connected to the first and second one-way clutches. Accordingly, the rotation of the first rotating shaft is transmitted to the second rotating shaft by individually operating according to the rotating direction of the rotary driving body, so that the reduction ratio of each gear train can be set arbitrarily. That is, when the opening / closing body moves in the closing direction, the reduction ratio is set so that the operating force is set large, and when the opening / closing body moves in the opening direction, the reduction ratio can be set so that the moving speed is set fast. Therefore, the moving speed of the opening / closing body can be adjusted in the opening direction and the closing direction by the reduction ratio of each gear train without rotating the rotation speed of the rotary drive body at a high speed. Therefore, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing body can be performed without increasing the operating noise of the rotary drive body.

  According to the present invention, the first and second one-way clutches are provided on one side or the other side of the gear that forms the open side and closed side gear trains arranged on the same shaft. Therefore, it is possible to improve maintenance performance such as grease up.

  According to the present invention, since the first one-way clutch is provided on one side of the open side gear train and the second one-way clutch is provided on the other side gear of the closed side gear train, each one-way clutch is different. They can be arranged separately on the shaft, and an increase in the thickness dimension of the opening / closing body driving device can be suppressed to achieve downsizing.

  According to the present invention, the electromagnetic clutch is provided between the rotary drive body and the first rotary shaft so that the rotation of the rotary drive body can be intermittently transmitted to the first rotary shaft. The opening / closing body can be opened / closed automatically by setting the state, and the opening / closing body can be opened / closed manually by setting the electromagnetic clutch to the disconnected state.

  According to the present invention, the open side and closed side gear trains are provided between the first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft, and the open side and closed side gear trains are connected to the first and second one-way clutches. Accordingly, the rotation of the first rotating shaft is transmitted to the second rotating shaft by individually operating according to the rotating direction of the rotary driving body, so that the reduction ratio of each gear train can be set arbitrarily. That is, in the opening / closing body in which the operating force in the opening direction is reduced by the operating force assisting device, the reduction ratio when the opening / closing body moves in the closing direction and the reduction ratio when the opening / closing body moves in the opening direction Each can be set individually. Therefore, since the moving speed of the opening / closing body can be controlled without changing the rotational speed of the rotation driving body according to the moving direction of the opening / closing body, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing body is performed without increasing the operating noise of the rotation driving body. be able to.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  1 (a) and 1 (b) are side views showing a rear end portion of a vehicle body on which the opening / closing body driving device according to the first embodiment is mounted, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the opening / closing body driving device of FIG. 3 is a side view of the opening / closing body drive device of FIG. 2 as viewed from the side, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section of the open side drive gear, and FIG. 5 is a cross section of the close side drive gear. 6A and 6B are explanatory views for explaining the operation of the one-way clutch shown in FIG. 4, and FIGS. 7A and 7B are for explaining the operation of the one-way clutch shown in FIG. Each explanatory diagram is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle body 10 is a so-called hatchback vehicle, and a rear hatch 11 (also referred to as a tailgate) as an opening / closing body is provided at the rear end portion of the vehicle body 10. The rear hatch 11 is attached to the vehicle body 10 at one end side via a hinge shaft 12 provided on the rear end side of the roof portion 10a of the vehicle body 10, and is located between the fully closed position and the fully opened position around the hinge shaft 12. It can swing up and down in the range of about 80 degrees (deg). That is, the rear hatch 11 is a vertically openable open / close body.

  A gas stay 13 as an operation force assisting device is provided between the vehicle body 10 and the rear hatch 11. The gas stay 13 has a predetermined size in the opening direction of the rear hatch 11 from the contracted state shown in FIG. Generates a repulsive force to extend. The gas stay 13 reduces the operating force when the rear hatch 11 is opened manually, and holds the rear hatch 11 in the fully open position (see FIG. 1B). In No. 11, the opening / closing operation force differs between the opening direction and the closing direction. That is, when the rear hatch 11 is moved in the opening direction, the repulsive force of the gas stay 13 acts in the opening direction, so a small load may be applied. When the rear hatch 11 is moved in the closing direction, the repulsive force of the gas stay 13 It is necessary to apply a relatively large load against

  An electromagnetic lock mechanism 14 that locks the rear hatch 11 in a closed state is provided between the vehicle body 10 and the other end side (lower side in the figure) of the rear hatch 11, and this lock mechanism 14 is an instrument panel. The lock is released by operating a release switch (not shown) provided in the above.

  An opening / closing body driving device (automatic vehicle opening / closing device) 20 is mounted inside the rear pillar 10 b at the rear end portion of the vehicle body 10 in the vicinity of the hinge shaft 12, and the opening / closing body driving device 20 and the rear hatch 11 are connected to each other. A link mechanism 15 including a first link member 15a and a second link member 15b is provided therebetween. The opening / closing body driving device 20 is driven by opening or closing an opening / closing switch (not shown) by an operator, and as a result, in cooperation with the gas stay 13 as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b). The rear hatch 11 is opened and closed via a link mechanism 15.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the opening / closing body driving device 20 includes an electric motor 30 as a driving source and a first gear case 40 that is connected to a motor case 31 of the electric motor 30 and accommodates a speed reduction mechanism 41 therein. And a second gear case 50 (not shown in detail) that is connected to the first gear case 40 and accommodates a plurality of gear trains 60, 70, 80. However, the second gear case 50 indicated by a two-dot chain line in the drawing may be formed integrally with the first gear case 40 without being formed separately from the first gear case 40.

  The electric motor 30 includes a bottomed motor case 31 that functions as a yoke that forms a magnetic path, and a pair of permanent magnets 32 are fixed inside the motor case 31. Inside each permanent magnet 32, an armature 33 as a rotational drive body around which a coil (not shown) is wound is rotatably provided through a predetermined gap. An armature shaft 34 passes through and is fixed. A commutator 35 is fixed near the armature 33 of the armature shaft 34, and a pair of brushes 36 are in sliding contact with the commutator 35. Thus, the electric motor 30 is a so-called DC motor with a brush, and by supplying a drive current to each brush 36 from a controller (not shown), the armature 33 rotates in the forward or reverse direction, The rotation is output to the speed reduction mechanism 41 in the first gear case 40 via the armature shaft 34.

  Inside the first gear case 40 is housed a speed reduction mechanism 41 that decelerates the rotation of the armature shaft 34. The speed reduction mechanism 41 includes a worm 42 that is integrally provided on the distal end side (lower side in the figure) of the armature shaft 34 and a worm wheel 43 that meshes with the worm 42. Then, the rotation of the armature shaft 34 is decelerated by the deceleration mechanism 41 (first deceleration), and this decelerated and increased torque output is an output shaft (first rotation shaft) provided at the rotation center of the worm wheel 43. The signal is output to the outside via 44.

  In the first gear case 40, in addition to the speed reduction mechanism 41, an electromagnetic clutch 45 that functions as a power interrupt mechanism is accommodated coaxially with the output shaft 44. The electromagnetic clutch 45 is connected to the worm wheel 43 and the output. It arrange | positions between the shafts 44, ie, it arrange | positions between the armature 33 as a rotational drive body, and the output shaft 44 as a 1st rotating shaft.

  The electromagnetic clutch 45 is connected or disconnected by a controller (not shown). In the connected state, the worm wheel 43 and the output shaft 44 can rotate together, and the rotation of the worm wheel 43 is transmitted to the output shaft 44. The Further, in the shut-off state, the worm wheel 43 and the output shaft 44 can rotate relative to each other, and the rotation of the worm wheel 43 is not transmitted to the output shaft 44 (non-transmission state).

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the second gear case 50 accommodates an open side gear train 60, a closed side gear train 70 and an output gear train 80 each consisting of a pair of gears. The thickness dimension of the gear case 50 is set to t1.

  The open side gear train 60 includes an open side drive gear (one side gear) 61 and an open side driven gear (the other side gear) 62 that meshes with the open side drive gear (one side gear) 61. The open side drive gear 61 is shown in FIG. The open driven gear 62 is attached to the output shaft 44 via the first one-way clutch 63, and is fixed to an intermediate shaft 90 that is rotatably supported by the second gear case 50. The open-side drive gear 61 is formed to have a smaller diameter than the open-side driven gear 62, so that the rotation of the open-side drive gear 61, that is, the rotation of the output shaft 44 is reduced at a predetermined reduction ratio to increase the torque. (Second deceleration (open side)). Here, the disengagement side drive gear 61 is formed thicker than the disengagement side driven gear 62 by the amount of the first one-way clutch 63.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the closing side gear train 70 is provided so as to be arranged below the open side gear train 60 in the figure, and the closing side gear train 70 is a closing side drive gear (one side gear). 71 and a closing side driven gear (the other side gear) 72 that meshes therewith. The closing side drive gear 71 is attached to the output shaft 44 via the second one-way clutch 73 shown in FIG. 5, and the closing side driven gear 72 is fixed to the intermediate shaft 90. The closing side drive gear 71 is formed to have a smaller diameter than the closing side driven gear 72, whereby the rotation of the closing side drive gear 71, that is, the rotation of the output shaft 44 is reduced at a predetermined reduction ratio to increase the torque. (Second deceleration (closed side)). Here, the closing side drive gear 71 is thicker than the closing side driven gear 72 by the amount of the second one-way clutch 73.

  The output gear train 80 includes a small-diameter pinion gear 81 that is coaxially fixed to the upper side of the open-side driven gear 62 of the intermediate shaft 90 in the drawing, and a sector gear 82 that is formed in a large-diameter substantially sector shape that meshes with the pinion gear 81. ing. The sector gear 82 is fixed to a final output shaft 91 as a second rotation shaft that is rotatably supported by the second gear case 50, and decelerates the rotation of the pinion gear 81 (third deceleration). ). As described above, the gear trains 60, 70, and 80 are provided between the output shaft 44 and the final output shaft 91 so as to be able to transmit power to each other, thereby rotating the armature 33 (see FIG. 2). Is transmitted from the output shaft 44 to the final output shaft 91 via the gear trains 60, 70, 80.

  The disengagement side drive gear 61 of the disengagement side gear train 60 includes a first one-way clutch 63 as shown in FIG. The first one-way clutch 63 includes a ring member 65 fixed to the output shaft 44 via a key groove 64, and three rods arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction between the ring member 65 and the gear body 66. The clutch roller 67 and the clutch spring 68 are provided. Further, the first one-way clutch 63 includes a clutch groove 69 which is formed on the inner diameter side of the gear main body 66 and gradually decreases in depth toward the counterclockwise direction (left side in the figure). A clutch roller 67 and a clutch spring 68 are mounted in the groove 69. The clutch roller 67 is constantly pressed to the side where the depth of the clutch groove 69 is shallow (the left side in the figure) by the elastic force of the clutch spring 68, so that it can be fitted between the ring member 65 and the gear body 66. It has become.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the first one-way clutch 63 transmits the rotation of the output shaft 44 to the gear body 66 when the output shaft 44 rotates in the forward direction (in the direction of arrow A in the drawing), while reverse rotation (arrow B in the drawing). Direction), the rotation of the output shaft 44 is not transmitted to the gear body 66. That is, the first one-way clutch 63 operates the disengagement side gear train 60 only when the output shaft 44 rotates forward.

  When the output shaft 44 rotates in the forward direction, as shown in FIG. 6A, the clutch roller 67 is moved to the arrow in the figure by the rotational force of the output shaft 44 in the direction of arrow A and the elastic force of the clutch spring 68. As shown, the groove depth of the clutch groove 69 is moved to the shallow side. As a result, the clutch roller 67 is fitted between the ring member 65 and the gear main body 66, and the gear main body 66 rotates integrally with the rotation of the ring member 65. On the other hand, when the output shaft 44 rotates in the reverse direction, the clutch roller 67 resists the elastic force of the clutch spring 68 as the output shaft 44 rotates in the direction of arrow B as shown in FIG. As indicated by the middle arrow, the groove depth of the clutch groove 69 is moved to the deeper side. As a result, the clutch roller 67 comes out from between the ring member 65 and the gear main body 66, and the rotation of the ring member 65 in the reverse direction is not transmitted to the gear main body 66. That is, the gear body 66 does not rotate in the clockwise direction in the drawing with the reverse rotation of the output shaft 44 (non-rotation).

  The closing side drive gear 71 of the closing side gear train 70 includes a second one-way clutch 73 as shown in FIG. The second one-way clutch 73 includes a ring member 75 that is fixed to the output shaft 44 via a key groove 74, and three rods arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction between the ring member 75 and the gear body 76. The clutch roller 77 and the clutch spring 78 are provided. Further, the second one-way clutch 73 includes a clutch groove 79 which is formed on the inner diameter side of the gear body 76 and gradually decreases in the clockwise direction (right side in the drawing). A clutch roller 77 and a clutch spring 78 are mounted in 79. The clutch roller 77 is constantly pressed to the side where the groove depth of the clutch groove 79 is shallow (the right side in the figure) by the elastic force of the clutch spring 78, so that it can be fitted between the ring member 75 and the gear body 76. It has become.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the second one-way clutch 73 transmits the rotation of the output shaft 44 to the gear main body 76 when the output shaft 44 rotates in the reverse direction (in the direction of arrow B in the figure). Direction), the rotation of the output shaft 44 is not transmitted to the gear body 76. That is, the second one-way clutch 73 operates the closing side gear train 70 only when the output shaft 44 is reversely rotated.

  When the output shaft 44 rotates in the reverse direction, as shown in FIG. 7A, the clutch roller 77 is indicated by the arrow in the figure by the rotational force of the output shaft 44 in the direction of arrow B and the elastic force of the clutch spring 78. Thus, the groove depth of the clutch groove 79 is moved to the shallow side. As a result, the clutch roller 77 is fitted between the ring member 75 and the gear main body 76, and the gear main body 76 rotates integrally with the rotation of the ring member 75. On the other hand, when the output shaft 44 rotates in the forward direction, the clutch roller 77 resists the elastic force of the clutch spring 78 as the output shaft 44 rotates in the direction of arrow A as shown in FIG. As indicated by the arrows in the figure, the groove depth of the clutch groove 79 is moved to the deeper side. As a result, the clutch roller 77 comes out from between the ring member 75 and the gear main body 76, and the rotation of the ring member 75 in the reverse direction is not transmitted to the gear main body 76. That is, the gear main body 76 does not rotate counterclockwise in the drawing with the forward rotation of the output shaft 44 (non-rotation).

  As shown in FIG. 3, the end of the final output shaft 91 extends to the outside of the second gear case 50, and the extended portion of the final output shaft 91 is connected to the first link by a nut 92. One end side (left side in the figure) of the member 15a is fixed. Accordingly, the first link member 15a rotates integrally with the rotation of the final output shaft 91 as shown in FIG. Here, one end side of the second link member 15b is connected to the other end side (right side in the drawing) of the first link member 15a via a rotation pin 93, and the final output shaft 91 is a link mechanism. 15 to be connected to the rear hatch 11. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the link mechanism 15 is operated in accordance with the rotation of the final output shaft 91 so that the rear hatch 11 can be driven to open and close.

  Next, operation | movement of the opening-closing body drive device 20 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated in detail using drawing. FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory diagram showing the operation of the open side gear train during the forward rotation of the armature, FIG. 9 is an operation explanatory diagram showing the operation of the closing side gear train during the reverse rotation of the armature, and FIG. The flowchart which shows the output of the last output shaft by reverse rotation is each represented.

  When moving the rear hatch 11 (see FIG. 1) in the opening direction, first, the operator opens the open / close switch. Then, the lock mechanism 14 (see FIG. 1) is unlocked by the controller, and the electromagnetic clutch 45 (see FIG. 3) is connected. Thereafter, a drive current of a predetermined magnitude is supplied to each brush 36 of the electric motor 30 and the armature 33 is driven to rotate in the counterclockwise direction as indicated by the arrow in FIG. Here, as shown in FIG. 10, the armature 33 is rotated at, for example, a rotational speed [50] and a torque [50].

  With the forward rotation of the armature 33, the rotation of the armature shaft 34 is decelerated by the speed reduction mechanism 41 including the worm 42 and the worm wheel 43 (first deceleration), and the rotation that has been decelerated and increased in torque is output shaft 44. Is transmitted to.

  When the output shaft 44 rotates in the counterclockwise direction as indicated by the arrow in the figure at the predetermined rotational speed, the open-side drive gear 61 rotates with the output shaft 44 via the first one-way clutch 63 (see FIG. 4). The rotation is decelerated through the open side driven gear 62 and transmitted to the pinion gear 81 (second reduction (open side)). In FIG. 8, only the open side gear train 60 is shown, and the closed side gear train 70 (not shown) is idled (non-actuated) by the second one-way clutch 73 (see FIG. 5). .

  As the pinion gear 81 rotates, the sector gear 82 is decelerated and rotated in the direction of the arrow in the drawing (third deceleration). From the final output shaft 91, as shown in FIG. 5] and torque [500] are output. Then, the driving force of the electric motor 30 along with the repulsive force of the gas stay 13 (see FIG. 1) acts in the opening direction of the rear hatch 11, and as a result, the rear hatch 11 moves in the opening direction. Here, the magnitude of the torque output from the final output shaft 91 is set to a magnitude sufficient to move the rear hatch 11 in the opening direction.

  Thereafter, when the rear hatch 11 is moved to the fully open position, the controller stops the forward driving of the electric motor 30 and the rear hatch 11 is held in that state by the repulsive force of the gas stay 13. The stop control of the electric motor 30 by the controller can be realized, for example, by detecting the number of rotations of the electric motor 30 by a rotation detection sensor (Hall IC or the like) (not shown).

  When moving the rear hatch 11 in the closing direction, first, the operator closes the open / close switch. Then, the electromagnetic clutch 45 is connected by the controller, and a driving current of a predetermined magnitude is supplied to each brush 36 of the electric motor 30 so that the armature 33 is reversely driven clockwise as indicated by an arrow in FIG. The Here, the armature 33 is rotated at the rotational speed [50] and the torque [50] as in the forward rotation (see FIG. 10).

  As the armature 33 is driven to rotate in the reverse direction, the rotation of the armature shaft 34 is decelerated by the decelerating mechanism 41 including the worm 42 and the worm wheel 43 (first decelerating). Communicated.

  When the output shaft 44 rotates clockwise as indicated by an arrow in the figure, the closing side drive gear 71 rotates with the output shaft 44 via the second one-way clutch 73 (see FIG. 5). The rotation is decelerated via the closing side driven gear 72 and transmitted to the pinion gear 81 (second reduction (closing side)). In FIG. 9, only the closing side gear train 70 is shown, and the open side gear train 60 (not shown) is idled by the first one-way clutch 63 (see FIG. 4) (non-operating state). .

  As the pinion gear 81 rotates, the sector gear 82 is decelerated and rotated in the direction of the arrow in the figure (third deceleration). From the final output shaft 91, as shown in FIG. 2.5] and torque [1000] are output. The driving force of the electric motor 30 moves the rear hatch 11 in the closing direction against the repulsive force of the gas stay 13. Here, since the final output shaft 91 outputs a slow rotation with a larger torque than when the output shaft 44 is rotating forward, the rear hatch 11 can be moved in the closing direction with a sufficient driving force. Thus, it is possible to sufficiently ensure the safety and the like for the worker in the vicinity of the rear hatch 11.

  Thereafter, when the rear hatch 11 is moved to the fully closed position, the controller stops the reverse drive of the electric motor 30 and the lock mechanism 14 is locked, whereby the closing operation of the rear hatch 11 is completed.

  Here, when the opening / closing operation of the rear hatch 11 is performed manually as in the case of a normal vehicle not provided with the opening / closing body driving device 20, a release switch (not shown) is operated by the operator. As a result, the lock mechanism 14 is unlocked and the electromagnetic clutch 45 is disengaged so that the rear hatch 11 can be opened and closed manually.

  According to the opening / closing body drive device 20 according to the first embodiment configured as described above, the open side and close side gear trains 60, 70 are provided between the output shaft 44 and the final output shaft 91, and each open side And the closing side gear trains 60 and 70 are individually operated according to the rotation direction of the armature 33 by the first and second one-way clutches 63 and 73 to transmit the rotation of the output shaft 44 to the final output shaft 91. Therefore, the reduction ratios of the gear trains 60 and 70 can be set arbitrarily. Therefore, it is possible to suppress wasteful energy consumption by changing the driving force in the moving direction of the rear hatch 11. Furthermore, the opening / closing speed of the rear hatch 11 can be varied depending on the moving direction of the rear hatch 11 regardless of the control, and the opening / closing operation of the rear hatch 11 can be performed without increasing the operating sound of the armature 33, that is, the operating sound of the electric motor 30. This makes it possible to easily meet various needs.

  Further, according to the opening / closing body drive device 20 according to the first embodiment, the open side and close side drive gears 61 and 71 that form the open side and close side gear trains 60 and 70 disposed on the output shaft 44 are provided. Since the first and second one-way clutches 63 and 73 are provided, the one-way clutches 63 and 73 can be integrated on the output shaft 44. Therefore, grease up or the like can be performed by opening a part of the second gear case 50, and the maintainability of the opening / closing body driving device 20 can be improved.

  Furthermore, according to the opening / closing body drive device 20 according to the first embodiment, the rotation of the armature 33 can be intermittently transmitted to the output shaft 44 between the worm wheel 43 (armature 33) and the output shaft 44. Since the electromagnetic clutch 45 is provided, the rear hatch 11 can be automatically opened and closed by putting the electromagnetic clutch 45 in a connected state, and the rear hatch 11 can be manually opened and closed by putting the electromagnetic clutch 45 in a disconnected state. Can do.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, about the part which has the same function as the opening-closing body drive device 20 which concerns on 1st Embodiment mentioned above, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  11 is a side view of the opening / closing body driving apparatus according to the second embodiment as viewed from the side, FIG. 12 is an explanatory view for explaining the structure of the one-way clutch in the closing side driving gear of FIG. 11, and FIG. FIG. 14 is a flow chart showing the output of the final output shaft by forward and reverse rotation of the electric motor in the second embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the opening / closing body driving device 100 according to the second embodiment has a closing side gear train 110 disposed between the output shaft 44 and the final output shaft 91, contrary to the first embodiment. On the upper side in the figure, the open side gear train 120 is arranged on the lower side in the figure.

  The closing side gear train 110 includes a thick closing side driving gear (the other side gear) 111 attached to the output shaft 44 and a closing side driven gear 112 (one side gear) fixed to the intermediate shaft 90. I have. The closing side drive gear 111 is provided with a second one-way clutch 113 as shown in FIG. 12, and this second one-way clutch 113 is the same as the second one-way clutch 73 in the first embodiment. The configuration is such that similar operations are performed.

  Here, the closing side drive gear 111 is formed to have a larger diameter than the closing side driven gear 112, and the output characteristics of the final output shaft 91 are, for example, as shown in FIG. The number [150] and the torque [17] are set. Therefore, the output characteristics in the closing direction of the opening / closing body driving device 100 are higher in rotation / lower torque than in the first embodiment.

  On the other hand, the open side gear train 120 includes an open side drive gear (the other side gear) 121 attached to the output shaft 44 and a thick open side driven gear 122 (one side gear) fixed to the intermediate shaft 90. And. As shown in FIG. 13, the open-side driven gear 122 is provided with a first one-way clutch 123. The first one-way clutch 123 is fixed to the intermediate shaft 90 as compared with the first embodiment. Except for the above, the first one-way clutch 63 has the same configuration and is configured to perform the same operation.

  Here, the open-side drive gear 121 is formed with a smaller diameter than the open-side driven gear 122, and the output characteristics of the final output shaft 91 are, for example, a reduction ratio [1:15] and a rotational speed as shown in FIG. [3.3] and torque [750] are set. Therefore, the output characteristic of the opening / closing body driving device 100 in the opening direction is low rotation / high torque compared to the first embodiment.

  In the opening / closing body driving device 100, since the reduction ratios are set on the open side and the closing side as described above, for example, an operating force assisting device such as a gas stay is not provided, and the opening / closing body is directed in the opening direction. While it is necessary to drive with a relatively large driving force, it is effective when applied to a case where it is desired to quickly close the opening / closing body by its own weight.

  According to the opening / closing body driving apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment configured as described above, the first one-way clutch 123 is replaced with the open-side driven gear 122 of the open-side gear train 120, and the second one-way clutch 113 is set. Are provided on the closing side drive gear 111 of the closing side gear train 110, so that the one-way clutches 123 and 113 can be separately arranged on different axes. Accordingly, the thick gears 122 and 111 can be separately arranged inside the second gear case 50, and the thickness dimension t2 of the second gear case 50 can be made smaller than that of the first embodiment ( t2 <t1) As a result, an increase in the thickness dimension of the opening / closing body driving device 100 can be suppressed, and the size can be reduced.

  Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the above embodiment, an open side gear train and a closed side gear train each having a pair of drive gears and driven gears are provided between the output shaft 44 and the final output shaft 91. The present invention is not limited to this, and for example, another gear can be provided as an intermediate gear between the drive gear and the driven gear according to the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body and the opening / closing operation force.

  In the above embodiment, the first and second one-way clutches 63 and 73 are provided on the opening side driving gear 61 and the closing side driving gear 71 of the output shaft 44, respectively. For example, the first and second one-way clutches 63 and 73 may be provided on the open side driven gear 62 and the closed side driven gear 72 of the intermediate shaft 90, respectively.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the rear hatch 11 provided at the rear end of the vehicle body 10 is shown as an opening / closing body. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a trunk provided in a vehicle body such as a sedan vehicle. It can also be applied to other opening / closing bodies such as lids. In short, the present invention can be applied to an opening / closing body having different opening / closing operation forces in the opening direction and the closing direction.

(A), (b) is a side view which shows the rear-end part of the vehicle body by which the opening-and-closing body drive device which concerns on 1st Embodiment is mounted. It is an enlarged view which expands and shows the opening-closing body drive device of FIG. It is the side view which looked at the opening-and-closing body drive device of Drawing 2 from the side. It is sectional drawing which shows the cross section of an open side drive gear. It is sectional drawing which shows the cross section of the obstruction | occlusion side drive gear. (A), (b) is explanatory drawing explaining operation | movement of the one-way clutch shown in FIG. (A), (b) is explanatory drawing explaining operation | movement of the one-way clutch shown in FIG. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of the open | release side gear train at the time of forward rotation of an armature. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of the obstruction | occlusion side gear train at the time of armature reverse rotation. It is a flowchart which shows the output of the last output shaft by the normal / reverse rotation of an electric motor. It is the side view which looked at the opening-and-closing body drive device concerning a 2nd embodiment from the side. It is explanatory drawing explaining the structure of the one-way clutch in the obstruction | occlusion side drive gear of FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the structure of the one-way clutch in the open | release side driven gear of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the output of the last output shaft by the normal / reverse rotation of the electric motor in 2nd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Car body 10a Roof part 10b Rear pillar 11 Rear hatch (opening-closing body)
12 Hinge shaft 13 Gas stay (operating force assist device)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 14 Lock mechanism 15 Link mechanism 15a 1st link member 15b 2nd link member 20 Opening-closing body drive device (automatic opening-closing device for vehicles)
30 Electric motor 31 Motor case 32 Permanent magnet 33 Armature (rotary drive)
34 Armature shaft 35 Commutator 36 Brush 40 First gear case 41 Reduction mechanism 42 Worm 43 Worm wheel 44 Output shaft (first rotation shaft)
45 Electromagnetic clutch 50 Second gear case 60 Open side gear train 61 Open side drive gear (one side gear)
62 Open side driven gear (the other side gear)
63 First one-way clutch 64 Key groove 65 Ring member 66 Gear body 67 Clutch roller 68 Clutch spring 69 Clutch groove 70 Closed side gear train 71 Closed side drive gear (one side gear)
72 Closed side driven gear (the other side gear)
73 Second one-way clutch 74 Key groove 75 Ring member 76 Gear body 77 Clutch roller 78 Clutch spring 79 Clutch groove 80 Output gear train 81 Pinion gear 82 Sector gear 90 Intermediate shaft 91 Final output shaft (second rotation shaft)
92 Nut 93 Rotating Pin 100 Opening / Closing Body Drive Device (Automatic Opening / Closing Device for Vehicle)
110 Blocking side gear train 111 Blocking side drive gear (the other side gear)
112 Closed side driven gear (one side gear)
113 Second one-way clutch 120 Open side gear train 121 Open side drive gear (the other side gear)
122 Open side driven gear (one side gear)
123 First one-way clutch

Claims (5)

An opening / closing body drive device for opening / closing an opening / closing body having different opening / closing operation forces in the opening direction and the closing direction,
A rotary drive that rotates in the forward or reverse direction;
A first rotating shaft that is rotationally driven by the rotational driving body;
A second rotary shaft that is rotationally driven by the first rotary shaft and connected to the opening / closing body via a link mechanism;
An open side gear train having at least a pair of gears provided between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft and transmitting the rotation of the first rotating shaft to the second rotating shaft;
A closing side gear train having at least a pair of gears provided between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft and transmitting the rotation of the first rotating shaft to the second rotating shaft;
Provided in one gear forming the open-side gear train, transmits rotation to the second rotating shaft when the first rotating shaft rotates forward, and transmits the second rotating shaft when the first rotating shaft rotates in reverse. A first one-way clutch that does not transmit rotation to the rotating shaft;
Provided in one gear that forms the closing side gear train, transmits rotation to the second rotation shaft when the first rotation shaft is reversely rotated, and transmits the second rotation shaft when the first rotation shaft is rotated forward. An opening / closing body driving device comprising: a second one-way clutch that does not transmit rotation to the rotating shaft.   2. The opening / closing body drive device according to claim 1, wherein gears on one side forming the opening side and closing side gear trains are arranged on the same shaft, and the other side forming the opening side and closing side gear trains. The first and second one-way clutches are provided on the gears on one side or the other side of each gear train, respectively.   2. The opening / closing body drive device according to claim 1, wherein gears on one side forming the opening side and closing side gear trains are arranged on the same shaft, and the other side forming the opening side and closing side gear trains. Are arranged on the same shaft, the first one-way clutch is provided on one gear of the disengagement side gear train, and the second one-way clutch is provided on the other gear of the closing side gear train. An opening / closing body drive device characterized by being provided.   The opening-closing body drive device of any one of Claims 1-3 WHEREIN: Between the said rotational drive body and the said 1st rotating shaft, rotation of the said rotational drive body is with respect to the said 1st rotating shaft. An opening / closing body drive device comprising an electromagnetic clutch that can be intermittently transmitted. An automatic opening / closing device for a vehicle, which is mounted on a vehicle body through a hinge shaft so as to be freely opened and closed, and automatically opens and closes an opening / closing body which reduces an operation force in an opening direction by an operation force assisting device,
A rotary drive that rotates in the forward or reverse direction;
A first rotating shaft that is rotationally driven by the rotational driving body;
A second rotary shaft that is rotationally driven by the first rotary shaft and connected to the opening / closing body via a link mechanism;
An open side gear train having at least a pair of gears provided between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft and transmitting the rotation of the first rotating shaft to the second rotating shaft;
A closing side gear train having at least a pair of gears provided between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft and transmitting the rotation of the first rotating shaft to the second rotating shaft;
Provided in one gear forming the open side gear train, transmits the rotation to the second rotation shaft when the first rotation shaft rotates forward, and transmits the second rotation when the first rotation shaft rotates reversely. A first one-way clutch that does not transmit rotation to the rotating shaft;
Provided in one gear that forms the closing side gear train, transmits rotation to the second rotation shaft when the first rotation shaft is reversely rotated, and transmits the second rotation shaft when the first rotation shaft is rotated forward. An automatic opening and closing device for a vehicle, comprising: a second one-way clutch that does not transmit rotation to a rotating shaft.

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