JP2008214531A - Apparatus and method for producing wood-based biomass particle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for effectively producing wood-based biomass fine particles. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus 1 for producing wood-based biomass particles from wood-based biomass rough particles comprises a pretreating device 2 for drying the wood-based biomass rough particles by heating and adding water to the resultant dried rough particles, a crusher 3 for crushing the rough particles having been treated by the pretreating device 2, and a recovering device 4 for recovering the wood-based biomass particles having been crushed by the crusher 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method for woody biomass particles.

  In recent years, wood biomass fuel with a low environmental impact has attracted attention as a fuel for power generation facilities, and in particular, co-firing is often carried out in which a mixed fuel of coal and wood biomass fuel is burned in a boiler furnace of an existing power generation facility. Yes.

  When using woody biomass fuel as fuel for power generation facilities, the particle size of the woody biomass becomes very important from the viewpoint of combustion characteristics in the boiler furnace, clogging in fuel supply piping, and the like.

Patent Document 1 discloses a method of pulverizing biomass using hydrolysis. The method described in Patent Document 1 stirs cellulose biomass particles in a container to produce a gaseous floating body of particles, and then gradually raises the temperature of the floating body of particles while continuing stirring and gradually removes water. A fine powder is produced by feeding and hydrating.
Special table 2004-526008

  However, in the method described in Patent Document 1, since mechanical stirring and water supply are performed in the same container, particles may stick together to form a ball-like lump. Decomposition is hardly achieved. Further, if water is added excessively to prevent this, excessive water acts as a lubricant and mechanical force is not applied to the particles (see paragraphs [0020] and [0028] in Patent Document 1). .

  Therefore, in order to refine cellulose biomass particles by the method described in Patent Document 1, a very long time is required.

  This invention is made | formed in view of said problem, and it aims at providing the manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method which can manufacture fine woody biomass particle | grains efficiently.

The present invention is a manufacturing apparatus for producing fine woody biomass particles from coarse woody biomass particles, which is dried by heating the coarse woody biomass particles and adding water to the dried coarse particles. And a pulverizer that mechanically pulverizes the coarse particles processed by the pretreatment device, and a recovery device that recovers the woody biomass particles pulverized by the pulverizer. A method for producing fine wood biomass particles from wood biomass coarse particles, the method comprising: drying the wood biomass coarse particles by heating; and adding water to the dried coarse particles After performing the pretreatment step, the coarse particles processed in the pretreatment step are mechanically pulverized, and the pulverized woody biomass particles are recovered. Features.

  According to the present invention, hydration of woody biomass into coarse particles and mechanical pulverization of coarse particles are performed separately, so that a ball-like lump is generated without interference between hydration and pulverization. This makes it possible to efficiently produce woody biomass particles.

  In addition, since the coarse particles of the woody biomass are once dried and then hydrated, water can penetrate deeply into the woody biomass and weaken the woody biomass. Therefore, the subsequent mechanical pulverization of the coarse particles proceeds efficiently, and the woody biomass can be further refined.

  The embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a manufacturing apparatus for woody biomass particles, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the manufacturing apparatus.

  The apparatus for producing woody biomass particles according to the present embodiment is an apparatus for producing fine woody biomass particles from coarse particles of woody biomass.

  In this specification, woody biomass consists of timber such as raw wood, forest land residuals such as branches and leaves generated during tree cutting and lumbering, bark and wood chips generated in sawmills, and building waste. It refers to biomass.

  The coarse particles of the woody biomass are those obtained by forming the woody biomass into chips using a sawdust making machine or the like, and further grinding it to a particle size of about 2 mm using a sawdust grinder or the like. Refers to particles. In the following, coarse particles of woody biomass are simply referred to as “coarse particles”.

  Furthermore, the woody biomass particles refer to fine particles having a particle size of about 200 μm or less obtained by the production apparatus and production method according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the manufacturing apparatus 1 includes a pretreatment apparatus 2 that pretreats coarse particles in order to efficiently refine the coarse particles, and mechanically pulverizes the pretreated coarse particles. And a recovery device 4 that recovers the woody biomass particles pulverized by the pulverizer 3.

  First, the pretreatment device 2 that pretreats coarse particles will be described.

  The pretreatment device 2 is a device that performs pretreatment on coarse particles in the process of conveying coarse particles introduced from the inlet 6 to the discharge port 8 by a screw conveyor 7 as a conveyance unit. A far infrared heater 9 is provided as a heater that dries by heating the particles, and a water heater 10 that adds water to the coarse particles dried by the far infrared heater 9.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the screw conveyor 7 conveys coarse particles introduced from the inlet portion 6 obliquely upward, and the motor 13 provided at the upper end portion of the casing 12 and the rotation of the motor 13 are rotated. A rotating shaft 15 transmitted through the chain 14 and an impeller 16 spirally provided on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 15 are provided. Coarse particles put into the casing 12 from the inlet 6 advance while being stirred by the impeller 16.

  The far-infrared heater 9 is disposed along the axial direction of the screw conveyor 7 and applies heat to the coarse particles being conveyed by the screw conveyor 7. Heating by the far-infrared heater 9 is performed by reducing the water content of the coarse particles by about 3 wt% as compared with the time of charging the inlet portion 6.

  Since far infrared rays are easily absorbed by wood, coarse particles can be efficiently dried by using the far infrared heater 9 as a heater.

  The water machine 10 sprays water on the coarse particles dried by passing through the far-infrared heater 9, and a nozzle 18 serving as a water adding part for spraying water into the casing 12 of the screw conveyor 7. A tank 19 for storing water to be sprayed, a pump 20 for supplying the water stored in the tank 19 to the nozzle 18, and a switching valve 21 for switching between supply and shutoff of compressed air to the nozzle 18 are provided.

  The nozzle 18 is disposed between the far-infrared heater 9 and the discharge port 8, and spraying of water by the nozzle 18 is performed near the downstream end of the screw conveyor 7. The spray of water is performed by opening the switching valve 21 and supplying compressed air to the nozzle 18. The hydration by the water machine 10 is performed by increasing the water content of the coarse particles by about 3 wt%. That is, in the water machine 10, water is added to such an extent that the amount of water reduced by the heating of the far infrared heater 9 is restored.

  As described above, the pretreatment by the pretreatment apparatus 2 is such that the coarse particles being conveyed on the screw conveyor 7 are heated and dried by the far-infrared heater 9, and finally water is sprayed by the water machine 10. .

  Since the coarse particles are once dried and then hydrated, water penetrates deeply into the woody biomass and water molecules easily enter between the cellulose chains. Thereby, the hydrogen bond between cellulose chains becomes easy to be replaced by the hydrogen bond between a cellulose chain and a water molecule. Since the hydrogen bond between the cellulose chain and the water molecule is weak against mechanical stimulation, the coarse particles weaken as the substitution proceeds.

  Since the coarse particles obtained by pulverizing the woody biomass are in an equilibrium state, hydrogen bonds between cellulose chains are not easily replaced by hydrogen bonds between cellulose chains and water molecules even if the coarse particles are hydrated without drying. .

  Thus, in order to weaken the coarse particles, it is important to add water after drying. By applying such pretreatment to the coarse particles, as a result, even if there is no change in the moisture content of the coarse particles before and after the pretreatment, the coarse particles can be weakened, and in the next step The pulverization of coarse particles proceeds efficiently.

  Next, the pulverizer 3 that mechanically pulverizes coarse particles will be described.

  The pulverizer 3 is an apparatus that mechanically pulverizes and pulverizes coarse particles that have been pretreated by the pretreatment device 2 and are sequentially introduced sequentially from the discharge port 8 of the screw conveyor 7.

  The pulverizer 3 is a device in which the swing hammer 23 rotates at high speed inside a lining (impact plate) 24 having an involute shape, and a simultaneous combined action of impact, grinding, and shear between the swing hammer 23 and the lining 24. In addition to fine pulverization, the fine pulverization is also performed by self-pulverization by collision of particles accompanying high-speed disturbance in the lining gap.

  A mesh-like filter 25 that allows passage of particles having a predetermined particle diameter is disposed between the pulverizer 3 and the recovery device 4, that is, at the outlet of the pulverizer 3. Therefore, the particles pulverized in the pulverizer 3 stay in the pulverizer 3 and are pulverized until they can pass through the mesh of the filter 25.

  The particle size of the coarse particles charged into the pulverizer 3 is about 2 mm, but the coarse particles are refined by the pulverizer 3 to a minimum of several μm and to a maximum of about 200 μm.

  The particle size of the woody biomass particles can be adjusted by the rotational speed of the swing hammer 23, the number of swing hammers 23, the mesh size of the filter 25, and the like.

  Next, the collection | recovery apparatus 4 which collect | recovers woody biomass particles is demonstrated.

  The collection device 4 is a device that collects the woody biomass particles pulverized by the pulverizer 3, and the woody biomass particles are separated and collected according to the particle size.

  Below the filter 25 in the pulverizer 3, a lower collection container 28 that collects woody biomass particles through a hopper 27 is disposed. In this lower collection container 28, the woody biomass particles passing through the filter 25 and falling by gravity are collected.

  Since the lower collection container 28 is detachably attached to the hopper 27 and a wheel is attached to the lower part, after the wood biomass particles are collected in the lower collection container 28, the lower collection container 28 is moved to the hopper. 27 can be separated and conveyed. When the lower collection container 28 is transported, an open / close gate (not shown) provided at the outlet of the hopper 27 and capable of opening and closing the outlet is closed.

  The recovery device 4 also includes a suction device 30 for recovering the wood biomass particles having passed through the filter 25 of the pulverizer 3 and having a small particle diameter.

  The suction device 30 includes a pipe 31 connected to the hopper 27, a blower 32 provided at the downstream end of the pipe 31 for sucking gas (air) in the pulverizer 3 through the filter 25, and the blower 32 in the pipe 31. A bag filter 33 interposed on the upstream side and a damper 34 as a suction amount adjusting means that adjusts the suction amount by the blower 32 by opening and closing and provided at the upstream end of the pipe 31 are provided.

  The bag filter 33 receives the woody biomass particles sucked by the blower 32 and transported in the pipe 31 by the filter cloth 36, and the woody biomass particles received by the filter cloth 36 are disposed in the lower part of the filter cloth 36. Collect at 37.

  Among the woody biomass particles pulverized by the pulverizer 3 and passed through the filter 25, those having a small particle size and a small mass are sucked by the suction device 30 while being dropped onto the hopper 27 and collected in the collection container 37 of the bag filter 33. The In addition, a large particle having a large particle size and a large mass falls to the lower part of the hopper 27 by gravity and is collected in the lower collection container 28 without being sucked by the suction device 30.

  Thus, the woody biomass particles are separated according to the particle size, and the primary particles recovered in the lower recovery container 28 have a particle size of about 100 μm to 200 μm, and the secondary particles recovered in the recovery container 37 of the bag filter 33. The particle size of this is about several μm to 100 μm.

  The particle size distribution of the woody biomass particles separated into the collection container 37 and the lower collection container 28 of the bag filter 33 can be adjusted by the opening degree of the damper 34. If the opening degree of the damper 34 is increased, the amount of suction increases, so the particle size of the woody biomass particles recovered in the recovery container 37 of the bag filter 33 increases, and the amount recovered also increases. Further, if the opening of the damper 34 is reduced, the suction amount is reduced, so that the particle size of the woody biomass particles recovered in the recovery container 37 of the bag filter 33 is reduced, and the amount recovered is also reduced.

  Since the gas flow is generated in the pulverizer 3 by the suction by the blower 32, the coarse particles are dried in the process of being pulverized in the pulverizer 3, and the moisture of the coarse particles is forcibly sucked by the blower 32 to the atmosphere. Is released. Therefore, the moisture content of the woody biomass particles recovered in the lower recovery container 28 and the recovery container 37 of the bag filter 33 is reduced by about 5 to 8% compared to immediately after being put into the pulverizer 3.

  In addition, since the blower 32 is always sucking the gas in the pulverizer 3, it also has a function of preventing the filter 25 from being clogged.

  The pretreatment, pulverization, and recovery steps shown above are performed as a continuous flow operation. Therefore, by continuously feeding coarse particles into the inlet 6 of the screw conveyor 7 using a conveying device (not shown) or the like, very fine wood biomass particles are continuously produced, and the wood biomass particles Mass production is possible.

  According to the embodiment described above, the following effects are obtained.

  The pretreatment step before pulverizing the coarse particles is performed by drying the coarse particles and then adding water. Thus, since water penetrates deeply into the woody biomass by drying once before adding water to the coarse particles, the coarse particles are weakened. Therefore, in the subsequent pulverization step, mechanical pulverization of the coarse particles proceeds efficiently, so that fine woody biomass particles can be produced.

  Further, since the pretreatment step and the pulverization step are performed completely independently, the woody biomass particles can be produced in a short time without interference between hydration and pulverization.

  Further, since the pretreatment process, the pulverization process, and the recovery process are performed as a continuous flow operation, the woody biomass particles are manufactured continuously, and mass production of the woody biomass particles becomes possible.

  As mentioned above, according to the manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method which concern on this Embodiment, woody biomass particle | grains can be manufactured in large quantities in a short time. Moreover, since the obtained woody biomass particles are a very fine powder with a particle size of about several μm to 200 μm, the combustion characteristics are very good when the woody biomass particles are used as fuel for power generation equipment, In addition, it is possible to prevent clogging in the fuel supply pipe and the like.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is obvious that various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to a production apparatus that produces fine wood biomass particles used as fuel for power generation facilities from wood biomass.

It is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing apparatus of the woody biomass particle which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the manufacturing apparatus of woody biomass particle | grains similarly.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Woody biomass particle manufacturing apparatus 2 Pretreatment apparatus 3 Crusher 4 Recovery apparatus 6 Inlet part 7 Screw conveyor 9 Far-infrared heater 10 Water heater 18 Nozzle 23 Swing hammer 25 Filter 27 Hopper 28 Lower collection container 30 Suction apparatus 32 Blower 33 Bug Filter 34 Damper 36 Filter cloth 37 Collection container

Claims (6)

A manufacturing apparatus for producing fine woody biomass particles from coarse woody biomass particles,
A pretreatment device for drying coarse particles of woody biomass by heating and adding water to the dried coarse particles;
A pulverizer that mechanically pulverizes the coarse particles processed by the pretreatment device;
A recovery device for recovering the woody biomass particles pulverized by the pulverizer;
An apparatus for producing woody biomass particles, comprising: The pretreatment device includes:
A transport unit for transporting coarse particles of woody biomass;
A heater disposed along the transport section;
A water adding part for adding water to the coarse particles of the woody biomass at the outlet of the conveying part;
The manufacturing apparatus of the woody biomass particle | grains of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. Between the pulverizer and the recovery device, a filter that allows passage of particles of a predetermined particle diameter is disposed,
The said collection apparatus collect | recovers the woody biomass particle | grains which pass the said filter, The manufacturing apparatus of the woody biomass particle | grains of Claim 1 or Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. The recovery device includes a suction device that sucks the gas in the pulverizer through the filter,
The woody biomass particles that pass through the filter are separated into primary particles that are dropped and collected by gravity and secondary particles that are sucked and separated and collected by the suction device. Equipment for woody biomass particles. The suction device includes suction amount adjusting means for adjusting the suction amount;
The apparatus for producing woody biomass particles according to claim 4, wherein the particle size distribution of the woody biomass particles to be sorted is adjusted by the suction amount adjusting means. A production method for producing fine wood biomass particles from coarse wood biomass particles,
After performing a pretreatment step including a step of drying by heating coarse particles of the woody biomass and a step of adding water to the dried coarse particles,
A method for producing woody biomass particles, wherein the coarse particles treated in the pretreatment step are mechanically pulverized and the crushed woody biomass particles are recovered.