JP2008212851A - Filter device cleaning method and liquid purification system provided with the filter device - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To avoid the occurrence of clogging of solid matter of a filter element, particularly at the time of starting and stopping of a liquid purifying device provided with a filter device, and normality of the liquid purifying device accompanying mixing of the solid matter into a filter element cleaning liquid. Prevents obstruction of operation, prevents failure of cleaning liquid equipment such as cleaning liquid pumps and valves, and prevents growth of microorganisms in the ballast tank and corrosion of the tank while the liquid purification device is stopped A possible filter device and a liquid purification system provided with the filter device are provided.
The filter device is a cleaning means for filtering an untreated liquid mixed with solid matter through a filter element and discharging the solid matter to a filtrate passage, and starts the operation of the filter device. A cleaning liquid having a solid content of a certain value or less is introduced into the filter device through the cleaning liquid passage at the time of starting and when the operation is stopped, and the filter element is washed with the cleaning liquid.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention mainly relates to a filter device applied to ballast water treatment in which microorganisms in untreated seawater are removed to obtain clean treated seawater and accommodated in a ballast tank, and a liquid purification system including the filter device.

In ships such as tankers, the liquid stored in the ballast water tank, that is, ballast water when navigating with no oil mounted, is used to filter out untreated liquid to prevent marine pollution and pollution. By using a seawater detoxification treatment device that removes solid matter including microorganisms in the untreated liquid by passing the solid matter removing means such as the above, the treated liquid is stored in a ballast water tank.
And about the filter apparatus used for the said seawater detoxification processing apparatus, many inventions and inventions are provided conventionally, and there exists a technique of patent document 1 (patent 2714914 gazette) in one of them.

  In such a technique, an untreated liquid is introduced into an outer chamber formed outside a cylindrical filter element that is housed in a filter housing and rotates, and the solid is filtered through the filter element before the liquid is filtered. The filter element is configured to flow out into an inner chamber formed inside the filter element. When cleaning the filter element, the cleaning liquid for cleaning the filter element is sprayed from the ejection nozzle to the outer peripheral surface of the filter element, and the drainage is drained from the filter housing. It is discharged from the drain outlet that is open at the bottom of the.

Japanese Patent No. 2714914

  As described above, a filter device such as Patent Document 1 (Patent No. 2714914) used as a means for mechanically removing solids in a liquid is used for a detoxification device for seawater. However, the filter device of Patent Document 1 has the following problems to be solved.

In general, a filter device such as Patent Document 1 (Patent No. 2714914) that captures solids in a liquid by filtering the liquid with a filter element is used for filtering fuel and lubricating oil that contain very little solids. In this case, the required filtration function is exhibited.
However, when the filter device is used for seawater filtration, the seawater contains many solids such as microorganisms such as plankton and solids such as sand having a large specific gravity. If such a filter device is used as it is for filtering seawater, the filter element is likely to be clogged by solid matter in the seawater, especially when the detoxification treatment device is started up. It is difficult to obtain enough filtered water to be sufficiently removed and accommodated in a ballast water tank and used as a cleaning liquid for the filter element.
For this reason, there exists a possibility that the situation where the normal operation of a detoxification processing apparatus becomes impossible by the fall of the filtration function of this filter element may arise.

Further, when seawater that is not sufficiently filtered by the filter element is used as the cleaning liquid for the filter element, solid matter is caught in the rotating part of the cleaning liquid pump and the opening / closing valve of the cleaning liquid passage, which causes failure of these devices.
Furthermore, since the ballast water intake equipment to be stored in the ballast water tank has a long stop period, if seawater that is not sufficiently filtered as described above is stored in the ballast water tank before the stop, Proliferation occurs in microorganisms and also causes corrosion of ballast water tanks.

  Therefore, in view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention avoids occurrence of clogging of the solid matter of the filter element, particularly at the time of starting and stopping of the liquid purifying apparatus provided with the filter device, so that the filter element cleaning liquid can be used. Prevents obstruction of normal operation of the liquid purifier due to mixing of solids, prevents failure of cleaning liquid equipment such as cleaning liquid pumps and valves, and ballast tanks during periods when the liquid purifier is stopped It is an object of the present invention to provide a filter device capable of preventing the growth of microorganisms therein and corrosion of a tank, and a liquid purification system provided with the filter device.

The present invention achieves such an object, and is a cleaning method for a filter device in which an untreated liquid mixed with a solid substance is filtered through a filter element and discharged to a filtrate passage. At the time of starting to start the operation of the filter device and at the time of stopping to stop the operation, a cleaning liquid having a solid content of a certain value or less is introduced into the filter device through a cleaning liquid passage, and the filter element is moved by the cleaning liquid. It is characterized by washing.
In such an invention, preferably, the untreated liquid is introduced into the filter device after performing the cleaning operation of the filter element with the cleaning liquid or while performing the cleaning operation at the time of operation other than at the time of starting and stopping. The filter element is configured to perform filtration.
In addition, as the cleaning liquid, as the cleaning liquid, fresh water, a liquid processed by a centrifugal solid-liquid separation device that applies centrifugal force to the untreated liquid and separates solids from the liquid, or an oxidizing action One of the cleaning liquids containing the substance is used.

The invention relating to the liquid purification system provided with the filter device according to the cleaning method includes a filter device for filtering the solid matter by passing the untreated liquid mixed with the solid matter through the filter element and discharging it to the filtrate passage. In a liquid purification system comprising a liquid detoxification processing device having a cleaning device for supplying and discharging a cleaning liquid for cleaning the filter device to the filter device, a cleaning liquid having a solid content of a certain value or less is applied to the filter device. A first cleaning liquid passage comprising a cleaning liquid passage for supplying to the liquid, a cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve for opening and closing the first cleaning liquid passage, and an untreated liquid passage opening / closing valve for opening and closing an untreated liquid supply passage to the filter device A cleaning fluid passage opening / closing valve for opening and closing a second cleaning fluid passage connected to the filter device, and opening a filtrate passage from the filter device. And a drain passage opening / closing valve for opening / closing a cleaning drain passage from the filter device, and opening the cleaning fluid passage opening / closing valve when starting and stopping the liquid detoxification treatment device. A cleaning liquid switching means for closing the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve and supplying the cleaning liquid to the filter device through the first cleaning liquid passage is provided.
In this invention, it is preferable that the cleaning liquid switching means closes the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve and opens the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve during operation other than when the liquid detoxification processing apparatus is started and stopped. The cleaning liquid from the cleaning liquid passage is supplied to the filter device.

  Further, in the apparatus invention, the cleaning liquid switching means is responsive to an operation state of the liquid purification apparatus based on an input signal from an operation state setting / detection means for setting or detecting an operation state of the liquid detoxification processing apparatus. The cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve, the untreated liquid passage opening / closing valve, the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve, the filtrate passage opening / closing valve, and the drainage passage opening / closing valve are controlled to open / close, and the cleaning pump provided in the cleaning device It is preferable to comprise so that it may consist of a control apparatus which controls driving | operation.

  Further, the invention of the liquid detoxification processing apparatus for a liquid purification system provided with the filter apparatus, wherein the liquid detoxification processing apparatus removes microorganisms in the untreated liquid and converts it into a clean processing liquid. A centrifugal solid-liquid separation device configured to store a liquid in a ballast tank and apply a centrifugal force to the liquid to separate solids from the liquid, the filter device, and the liquid flow A liquid electrolysis apparatus that is provided on the downstream side of the centrifugal solid-liquid separation device and the filter device of the liquid processing line, and electrolyzes all or part of the liquid in an electrolytic cell to generate a chlorine-containing substance. It is characterized by that.

Furthermore, a liquid purification system having the following configuration is also included in the present invention.
(1) An untreated liquid is introduced into an outer chamber formed outside a rotatable cylindrical filter element housed in a filter housing, and the solid is filtered through the filter element before the filter element. A filter device configured to flow out into an inner chamber formed inside, a plurality of ejection nozzles that spray cleaning liquid for cleaning the filter element fed from a cleaning pump onto the outer peripheral surface of the filter element; In the liquid purification system comprising a plurality of cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves that respectively open and close a plurality of cleaning liquid passages connecting the cleaning pump and the plurality of ejection nozzles, the upstream flow of the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves of the plurality of cleaning liquid passages An open / close source valve that opens and closes the cleaning liquid passage by being provided in the same number as the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve, A plurality of cleaning liquid passages on the downstream side of the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves, the same number as the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves, and a shut-off valve for opening / closing the cleaning liquid passage, and when the pressure of the cleaning liquid passage is outside a predetermined pressure range A control device is provided that closes the opening / closing source valve corresponding to the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve in which a failure has occurred and blocks the flow of the cleaning liquid to the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve.

  (2) An untreated liquid is introduced into an outer chamber formed outside a rotatable cylindrical filter element housed in the filter housing, and the solid is filtered through the filter element before the filter element. A filter device configured to flow out into an inner chamber formed inside, a plurality of ejection nozzles that spray cleaning liquid for cleaning the filter element fed from a cleaning pump onto the outer peripheral surface of the filter element; In a liquid purification system comprising a plurality of cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves that respectively open and close a plurality of cleaning liquid passages connecting the cleaning pump and the plurality of ejection nozzles, at least two of the plurality of cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves Set an overlap period for the cleaning fluid passage opening and closing valves at the same time. Characterized in that it has been installed accumulator to absorb pressure fluctuations in the cleaning liquid passage into the cleaning liquid passage.

  According to the present invention, the on-off valve of the first cleaning liquid passage composed of the cleaning liquid passage switched by the cleaning liquid switching means of the liquid detoxification processing device of the liquid purification system and the second liquid supplied with the filtrate from the filter device are supplied. When the liquid detoxification treatment apparatus is started and stopped by switching the on-off valve that opens and closes the cleaning liquid passage, the cleaning liquid having a solid content of a certain value or less through the cleaning liquid passage Is introduced into a filter device and the filter element is washed with the cleaning liquid, and after the filter element is cleaned with the cleaning liquid during steady operation other than at the time of starting and stopping, the cleaning operation is performed. As it was configured, the untreated liquid was introduced into the filter device and filtered through the filter element. At the start-up of the filter element, a cleaning liquid containing almost no solid matter is jetted onto the filter element to wash the filter element, and the untreated liquid is introduced into the filter device while washing the solid matter in the filter element with the cleaning liquid. Thus, it is possible to enter a steady operation for performing filtration by the filter element.

In short, in the present invention, by filtering the untreated liquid while supplying and cleaning the filter cleaning liquid at the start-up, clogging of the filter at the start-up can be prevented, and the filtrate of the filter apparatus from the start-up to the stop of the apparatus, etc. As in the prior art using a liquid in which some solid matter is mixed as a cleaning liquid, it is possible to avoid clogging of the filter element due to the solid substance in the cleaning liquid, especially after activation.
Therefore, according to the present invention, solid matter is caught in the rotating part of the washing liquid pump and the opening / closing valve of the washing liquid passage due to the reduction of the filtering function of the filter element due to clogging of the filter element, and the solid substance is caught Occurrence of the failure of the equipment due to the above can be avoided, and thereby stable operation of the detoxification processing apparatus can be realized, and the reliability of the apparatus can be improved.

Further, according to the present invention, a cleaning liquid containing almost no solid matter is introduced into the filter device for a certain time before the operation of the apparatus is stopped or when the apparatus is stopped, and the filter element is washed with the cleaning liquid. So, even in the ballast water intake equipment with a long stoppage period,
While preventing the growth of microorganisms in the ballast tank and the occurrence of corrosion of the ballast tank during the stop period, the next start-up can be performed smoothly.
In addition, it is possible to prevent a living organism such as a biofilm from propagating on the surface of the filter element or the like while the apparatus is stopped.

  Further, according to the present invention, by filtering the untreated liquid while washing the filter device with a cleaning liquid containing almost no solid matter, it is possible to obtain a filtrate amount sufficient for suction by the washing pump, and smoothly It is possible to shift to a steady operation, and it is possible to perform the start-up of the apparatus, the steady operation, and the washing at the time of stop with one washing pump.

Further, according to the present invention, by washing the filter device with a cleaning liquid containing almost no solid matter, the inside of the filter device and its associated piping can be effectively washed, and a liquid having metal corrosive properties such as seawater. In the case of a device for purifying the water, the occurrence of corrosion of the device during the stop period can be prevented.
In addition, by using the provided fresh water tank and desalination equipment for supplying the cleaning liquid, it is possible to clean the filter device with the cleaning liquid without newly installing a tank space for the cleaning liquid or a manufacturing apparatus for the cleaning liquid. it can.

In the present invention, the same number of cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves are provided upstream of the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves of the plurality of cleaning liquid passages as opening / closing source valves for opening / closing the cleaning liquid passages, and the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves of the plurality of cleaning liquid passages. A shut-off valve that is provided in the same number as the cleaning liquid passage opening and closing valves on the flow side and opens and closes the cleaning liquid passage; and a cleaning liquid passage opening and closing valve that generates a failure when the pressure on the cleaning pump outlet side of the cleaning liquid passage is outside a predetermined pressure range And a control device that closes the opening / closing source valve corresponding to and shuts off the flow of the cleaning liquid to the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve,
When a failure of the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve of the cleaning liquid passage is detected due to a pressure drop of the cleaning unit corresponding to each cleaning liquid passage, the control device closes the opening / closing source valve connected to the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve and the shut-off valve. By completely closing the cleaning liquid passage and opening other cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves, the filter device can be operated without stopping the operation of the apparatus due to the failure of the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve. .

  In the present invention, an overlap period for simultaneously opening at least two cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves among the plurality of cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves is set, and an accumulator for absorbing pressure fluctuations in the cleaning liquid passage is installed in the cleaning liquid passage. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the valve from being instantaneously fully closed and the pressure from rapidly rising.

  Further, the pressure fluctuation due to opening / closing of the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve can be reduced by the accumulator, so that the stable supply of the cleaning liquid can be maintained.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this example are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to specific examples unless otherwise specified. Only.

FIG. 7 is a system diagram of a detoxifying apparatus for marine ballast water to which the present invention is applied.
In FIG. 7, 101 is a screen that filters untreated seawater and captures foreign matters such as dust, and 102 is a transport pump that transports seawater to the seawater treatment line 111.
Seawater pumped through the seawater treatment line 111 by the transport pump 102 is introduced into the filter device 4 which is the gist of the present invention. Details of the filter device 4 and peripheral devices thereof will be described later.

Seawater after the solid matter (fine particles) is separated by the filter device 4 is sent to the seawater electrolysis device 60. Further, drain drainage from the drain outlet of the filter device 4 is discharged to the drainage line 110 b through the drain pipe 30.
The seawater electrolyzer 60 electrolyzes seawater to produce sodium hypochlorite (hereinafter referred to as hypochlorous acid) from the seawater. In order to perform such electrolysis, the electrolytic cell 107 is disposed in a bypass line 107 a that branches from the downstream portion of the filter device 4 of the seawater treatment line 111 and merges at the inlet side of the ballast water tank 80. Seawater for electrolysis is introduced into the electrolytic cell 107 by a pump 112 provided in the bypass line 107a.

Hypochlorous acid generated in the electrolytic bath 107 of the seawater electrolyzer 60 is injected into the seawater treatment line 111 through the bypass line 107a.
The treated seawater that has been subjected to the capture processing of the solid matter having a volume larger than the mesh set in the filter device 4 and the generation and injection processing of hypochlorous acid by the seawater electrolysis device 60 is placed in the ballast water tank 80. It is carried in and accommodated in the ballast water tank 80.
Further, a part of the treated seawater is returned from the seawater treatment line 111 after joining the bypass line 107a to the suction side of the transport pump 102 through the reprocessing line 111a, and the above processing is performed.
The present invention relates to a filter device 4 applied to a liquid purification system having such a seawater detoxification device.

FIG. 5 is a system diagram showing the configuration of the filter device and its peripheral devices according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view perpendicular to the axis of the filter device.
In FIG. 5, a filter element 21 made of a cylindrical body whose upper and lower parts are closed is housed inside a cylindrical filter housing 27. The filter element 21 can be rotated by a motor 43 connected to the upper part of the central shaft 44.
Seawater (untreated liquid) is introduced into the outer chamber 24 of the filter housing 27 from the transport pump 102 (see FIG. 7) through the untreated liquid supply pipe 1, and the seawater passes the filter element 21 from the outside to the inside. The solid matter (fine particles) is filtered and separated by passing through to the inner chamber 26 (see FIG. 6), and sent to the seawater treatment line 111 through the filtrate pipe 9.

Next, the cleaning system of the filter device 4 will be described. A plurality of sets (four sets in this example) of ejection nozzles 22 are arranged along the height direction of the filter element 21, as shown in FIG. A cleaning liquid for cleaning the filter element 21 is sprayed from each ejection nozzle 22 onto the outer peripheral surface of the filter element 21.
A cleaning liquid is supplied to each jet nozzle 22 through a pump suction passage 32 by a cleaning pump 33. Supplying and shutting off the cleaning liquid to each of the ejection nozzles 22 is performed by an on-off valve 34 provided for each of the ejection nozzles 22.

In addition, a drain discharge port 23 is provided in the lower part of the filter housing 27, and the drain discharge port 23 opens to face the outer peripheral surface of the filter element 21, and drains drained water when the filter element 21 is washed. It can be introduced into the discharge port 23.
The outlet side of each drain discharge port 23 is connected to a drain pipe 30 having an on-off valve 5. Reference numeral 31 denotes a cleaning fluid communication pipe that connects the filtrate passage 9 and the pump suction passage 32 connected to the suction side of the cleaning pump 33, and reference numeral 6 denotes a communication passage opening / closing valve that opens and closes the cleaning liquid communication pipe 31.
Reference numeral 35 denotes a control device. The control device 35 is arranged in addition to the rotational speed of the motor 43 for the filter element 21, the rotational speed of the cleaning pump 33, and the opening / closing valve 34 for the ejection nozzle 22. As shown, the opening / closing control of each opening / closing valve is performed (details of the opening / closing control will be described later).

In the first embodiment, when the filter element 21 is cleaned, the opening / closing valve 34 of each of the ejection nozzles 22 is opened and the cleaning pump 33 is operated so that the outer surface of the filter element 21 is ejected from each of the ejection nozzles 22 as shown in FIG. The solids (fine particles) 25 captured by the filter element 21 are separated.
At the same time, the discharge-side on-off valve 5 is opened. The cleaning liquid accompanied by the solid matter (fine particles) 25 is introduced into the drain discharge port 23 and is discharged through the drain pipe 30 to the drain line 110b (see FIG. 7).

In the filter device 4 configured as described above, according to the present invention, when the liquid detoxification processing device is started and stopped, the content of solid matter is less than a certain value, that is, a cleaning solution containing almost no solid matter is used as a cleaning solution. It introduce | transduces into the filter apparatus 4 through the channel | path 39, and the filter apparatus 4 is washable with this cleaning liquid.
As the cleaning liquid, either fresh water or a cleaning liquid to which any substance having an oxidizing action is added is used.
1 to 4 are system diagrams showing the opening and closing operation of the cleaning liquid piping and the on-off valve around the filter device 4 in the liquid detoxification processing apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. FIG. 2 shows the open / close operation of each open / close valve during steady operation and FIG. 3 shows the stop operation. FIG. 4 shows the opening / closing operation of the valve by the control device at the time of activation. In each figure, a white valve indicates a valve open state, and a black valve indicates a valve closed state.

1 and 4, the untreated liquid passage opening / closing valve 2 that opens and closes the untreated liquid supply pipe 1 to the filter device 4 is closed and the filtrate from the filter device 4 is closed as shown in FIG. The filtrate passage opening / closing valve 8 that opens and closes the pipe 9 is closed, the communication passage opening / closing valve 6 that opens and closes the cleaning liquid communication pipe 31 is closed, the opening / closing valve 34 of each of the ejection nozzles 22 is opened, and the cleaning liquid contains almost no solid matter. The cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve 7 for opening and closing the cleaning liquid supply pipe 39 for supplying the liquid is opened, and the drainage passage opening / closing valve 5 for opening and closing the drain pipe 30 is opened.
As a result of this operation, the cleaning liquid from the cleaning liquid supply pipe 39 is pumped to the respective ejection nozzles 22 via the on-off valves 34 by the cleaning pump 33 and sprayed from the ejection nozzles 22 to the filter element 21 as shown in FIG. The solid matter adhering to the filter element 21 is removed. The solid matter removed from the filter element 21 is introduced into the drain outlet 23 together with the cleaning liquid (the cleaning liquid), and is discharged to the outside through the drain pipe 30.

Then, while performing the cleaning operation of the filter element 2 with the cleaning liquid as described above, the untreated liquid passage opening / closing valve 2 is opened and the filtrate passage opening / closing valve 8 is opened as shown in FIG.
By this operation, seawater is introduced into the filter device 4 from the untreated liquid supply pipe 1 and filtered by the filter element 21. The cleaning liquid for cleaning and the filtrate (filtered seawater) filtered by the filter element 21 are discharged to the drain outlet 23 together with the solid matter removed from the filter element 21. Thereafter, steady operation is started.

  At the time of steady operation shown in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 2 (A), the cleaning liquid line for cleaning is cut off from the state shown in FIG. 1 (B). That is, with the untreated liquid passage opening / closing valve 2 and the filtrate passage opening / closing valve 8 opened, the opening / closing valve 34, the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve 7, the communication passage opening / closing valve 6 and the drainage passage opening / closing valve 5 of the ejection nozzle 22 are opened. close. As a result, the untreated seawater from the untreated liquid supply pipe 1 is introduced into the filter device 4 and the solid matter is filtered by the filter device 4, and then the filtrate is treated with the seawater through the filtrate tube 9 from the filter device 4. It is sent to line 111 (see FIG. 7).

  At the time of the cleaning operation in the steady operation, as shown in FIG. 2 (B), the cleaning fluid passage opening / closing valve 7 is kept closed from the state of FIG. The passage opening / closing valve 6 and the drainage passage opening / closing valve 5 are opened. As a result, the filter device 4 continues the filtration operation of the untreated seawater, and the filtrate branched from the filtrate pipe 9 is circulated through the washing liquid communication pipe 31 and sucked into the washing pump 33 in the filter apparatus 4. The washing pump 3 is pumped to the ejection nozzle 22 and sprayed from the ejection nozzle 22 to the filter element 21 to remove solid matter adhering to the filter element 21.

At the time of stop shown in FIG. 3, before the stop operation, as shown in FIG. 3 (A), the communication passage opening / closing valve 6 is closed and the cleaning fluid passage opening / closing valve 7 is opened from the state of FIG. 2 (B). As a result, in the state where the filter device 4 continues the filtering operation of the untreated seawater, the cleaning liquid from the cleaning liquid supply pipe 39 is pressure-fed by the cleaning pump 33 to each of the ejection nozzles 22 via the opening / closing valve 3. The solid matter attached to the filter element 21 is removed by spraying on the filter element 21.
After the stop, as shown in FIG. 3 (B), the untreated liquid passage opening / closing valve 2 and the filtrate passage opening / closing valve 8 are closed from the state shown in FIG. 3 (A). Thereby, the filtering operation of the untreated seawater in the filter device 4 is stopped, and the cleaning operation of the filter element 21 by the cleaning liquid from the cleaning liquid supply pipe 39 is performed.

  In the example of FIG. 4, each of the on-off valves is automatically opened and closed by the control device 35, and the control device 35 sets or detects the operation state of the liquid detoxification processing device shown in FIG. 7. Based on the input signal from the means 51, the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve 7, the untreated liquid passage opening / closing valve 2, the communication passage opening / closing valve 6, the filtrate passage according to the operating state of the liquid detoxification processing device. The on-off valve 3, the drainage passage on-off valve 5, and the on-off valve 34 of the ejection nozzle 22 are controlled to open and close, and the cleaning pump 33 is controlled to operate.

  According to the first embodiment, one of the filtrates from the on-off valve 7 of the clean liquid supply pipe 39 and the filter device 4 by the cleaning liquid switching means comprising the on-off valves of the liquid detoxification processing device of the liquid purification system. By switching the on-off valve 6 of the cleaning liquid communication pipe 31 in which the part is circulated, when the liquid detoxification treatment apparatus is started and stopped, the cleaning liquid containing almost no solid matter is filtered through the cleaning liquid supply pipe 39 4 to clean the filter element 21 with the cleaning liquid, and after the cleaning operation of the filter element 21 with the cleaning liquid is performed during the steady operation other than at the time of starting and stopping, or the cleaning operation is performed. Since the untreated liquid was introduced into the filter device 4 while performing the filtration with the filter element 21, the device was started. In addition, the cleaning liquid containing almost no solid matter is jetted onto the filter element 21 to wash the filter element 21, so that the solid matter in the filter element 21 is completely washed away with the cleaning liquid, and then the untreated liquid is removed. It can introduce into the filter apparatus 4 and can enter the steady operation which performs filtration by the filter element 21.

  In short, in the first embodiment, the filter element 21 can be prevented from being clogged at the start-up by supplying the filter cleaning liquid at the time of start-up and filtering the untreated liquid while washing. It is possible to avoid clogging of the filter element 21 due to the solid matter in the cleaning liquid, especially after the start-up, as in the above-described prior art using a liquid in which some solid matter such as the filtrate of the apparatus is mixed as the cleaning liquid. .

  Therefore, according to the first embodiment, solid matter is caught in the rotating part of the cleaning liquid pump and the opening / closing valve of the cleaning liquid passage due to the decrease in the filtering function of the filter element 21 due to the clogging of the filter element 21 as described above. Further, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of the failure of the device due to the biting of the solid matter, thereby realizing the stable operation of the detoxification processing apparatus and improving the reliability of the apparatus.

FIG. 8 is a system diagram showing the configuration of the filter device and its peripheral devices according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
In this second embodiment, the same number (four in this example) of open / close valves 41 as the open / close valves 34 are provided on the upstream side of the open / close valves 34 of the jet nozzles of the plurality of cleaning liquid passages to the jet nozzles 22. In addition, the same number (four in this example) of shut-off valves 40 as the on-off valves 34 are provided on the downstream side of the on-off valves 34, and the on-off source valves 41 are controlled to be opened and closed by the control device 35. ing.

In the second embodiment, a pressure sensor 331 for detecting the pressure of each cleaning unit for each of the ejection nozzles 22 on the outlet side of the cleaning pump 33 is provided (one pressure sensor 331 is displayed in FIG. 8). ), The detection value of the cleaning pressure of each cleaning unit by the pressure sensor 331 is input to the control device 35, and in the control device 35, when the cleaning pressure is less than or equal to a preset allowable value, It is determined that a failure has occurred in the opening / closing valve 34 of the cleaning unit, and the opening / closing source valve 41 of the cleaning unit is closed. Subsequently, the shutoff valve 40 of the cleaning unit is closed, and the flow of the cleaning liquid to the cleaning unit is shut off.
When the on / off valve 34 fails, the control device 35 reduces the discharge capacity of the cleaning pump 33 in accordance with the number of on / off valve 34 failures.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment (FIG. 5), and the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  According to the second embodiment, when a failure of the opening / closing valve 34 of each cleaning unit 22 for each ejection nozzle 22 is detected by the detection value of the cleaning pressure of each cleaning unit by the pressure sensor 331, the control device 35 When the on-off valve 34 is closed, the on-off valve 41 is closed and the shut-off valve 40 is closed to completely shut off the cleaning liquid passage and keep the other on-off valves 34 open. Thus, the filter device 4 can be operated without stopping the operation of the device.

FIG. 9 is a system diagram showing the configuration of the filter device and its peripheral devices according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9B, an overlap period is set in which at least two on-off valves 34a and 34b among the on-off valves 34a to 34d of the plurality of ejection nozzles 22 are simultaneously opened. is doing.
Thereby, even if the failure of the on-off valve 34 of the ejection nozzle 22 occurs, the other on-off valve 34 whose valve opening period overlaps is open, so that the supply of the cleaning liquid to the filter device 4 is failed. Can be carried out smoothly without any trouble.
In the third embodiment, an accumulator 50 that absorbs pressure fluctuation in the cleaning liquid passage 32 is installed at the outlet of the cleaning pump 33. As a result, pressure fluctuation due to opening / closing of the opening / closing valve 34 of the ejection nozzle 22 can be mitigated by the accumulator 50, and a stable supply of cleaning liquid can be maintained.
In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

FIG. 10 is a system diagram of a liquid detoxifying apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
In this fourth embodiment, the microorganisms in the untreated liquid transported by the transport pump 2 are removed and converted to a clean processing liquid, and this processing liquid is stored in the ballast water tank 80, A liquid cyclone (centrifugal solid-liquid separator) 70 that applies a centrifugal force to the liquid from the transport pump 2 to separate solids from the liquid, the filter device 4, and a liquid process through which the liquid flows. The liquid cyclone 70 provided on the downstream side of the line and the filter device 4 in the line is provided with a liquid electrolyzer 60 that electrolyzes all or part of the liquid in an electrolytic cell to generate a chlorine-containing substance.
According to the fourth embodiment, since the liquid obtained by separating the solid matter having a large specific gravity with the liquid cyclone (centrifugal solid-liquid separation device) 70 is introduced into the filter device 4, the load on the filter device 4 is reduced.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of clogging of the solid matter of the filter element, particularly when starting and stopping the liquid purification device provided with the filter device, and to purify the liquid accompanying the mixing of the solid matter into the filter element cleaning liquid. In addition to preventing the normal operation of the system from being hindered, it is possible to prevent the failure of cleaning liquid equipment such as cleaning liquid pumps and valves, as well as the growth of microorganisms in the ballast tank and the tank A filter device capable of preventing corrosion and a liquid purification system provided with the filter device can be provided.

(A), (B) is a system diagram showing the opening and closing operation of the cleaning liquid pipe and the on-off valve around the filter device in the liquid detoxification processing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Show. (A) and (B) are diagrams corresponding to FIG. 1 in the first embodiment, and show a steady operation. (A), (B) is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 in the first embodiment, and shows a stop state. FIG. 1 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 in the first embodiment, and shows a configuration of automatic operation when the liquid detoxification processing apparatus is activated. It is a systematic diagram which shows the structure of the filter apparatus which concerns on 1st Example of this invention, and its peripheral device. It is a fragmentary sectional view at right angles to the axis of the filter device in the first embodiment. It is a systematic diagram of the detoxification processing apparatus for ship ballast water to which the present invention is applied. It is a systematic diagram which shows the structure of the filter apparatus which concerns on 2nd Example of this invention, and its peripheral device. It is a systematic diagram which shows the structure of the filter apparatus which concerns on 3rd Example of this invention, and its peripheral device. It is a systematic diagram of the liquid detoxification processing apparatus which concerns on 4th Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Untreated liquid supply pipe 2 Untreated liquid passage opening / closing valve 4 Filter device 5 Drainage passage opening / closing valve 6 Communication passage opening / closing valve 7 Clean liquid passage opening / closing valve 8 Filtrant passage opening / closing valve 9 Filtrate passage opening / closing valve 9 Filter element 22 Filter element 22 Jet nozzle 23 Drain discharge port 24 Outer chamber 26 Inner chamber 27 Filter housing 30 Drain pipe 31 Cleaning liquid communication pipe 33 Cleaning pump 34 On-off valve 35 Control device 39 Clean liquid supply pipe 40 Shut-off valve 41 Opening / closing source valve 50 Accumulator 60 Seawater electrolysis device 70 Liquid cyclone ( Centrifugal solid-liquid separator)
111 Seawater treatment line

Claims (9)

A cleaning method of a filter device for filtering untreated liquid mixed with solid matter through a filter element and discharging the solid matter to a filtrate passage, at the start of operation of the filter device and Cleaning the filter device, wherein when the operation is stopped, a cleaning liquid having a solid content of a predetermined value or less is introduced into the filter device through a cleaning liquid passage and the filter element is cleaned with the cleaning liquid. Method.   During operation other than at the time of starting and stopping, after performing the cleaning operation of the filter element with the cleaning liquid or while performing the cleaning operation, the untreated liquid is introduced into the filter device and filtered by the filter element. The method for cleaning a filter device according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning is performed.   As the cleaning liquid, either fresh water, a liquid processed by a centrifugal solid-liquid separation device that applies a centrifugal force to the untreated liquid to separate solids from the liquid, or a cleaning liquid containing a substance having an oxidizing action The method for cleaning a filter device according to claim 1, wherein:   A filter device that filters untreated liquid mixed with solid matter through a filter element and discharges the solid matter to a filtrate passage, and cleaning that supplies and discharges a cleaning solution for washing the filter device to the filter device In a liquid purification system comprising a liquid detoxification processing apparatus having a device, a first cleaning liquid passage comprising a cleaning liquid passage for supplying a cleaning liquid having a solid content of a predetermined value or less to the filter device; A cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve for opening / closing one cleaning liquid passage, an untreated liquid passage opening / closing valve for opening / closing an untreated liquid supply passage to the filter device, and a second cleaning liquid passage connected to the filter device. A cleaning fluid passage opening / closing valve, a filtrate passage opening / closing valve that opens and closes a filtrate passage from the filter device, and a drainage passage that opens and closes a cleaning drain passage from the filter device. The cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve is opened and the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve is closed when the liquid detoxification processing device is started and stopped, and the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve is closed, and the cleaning liquid is passed through the first cleaning liquid passage to the filter device. A liquid purification system characterized by comprising cleaning liquid switching means for supply.   The cleaning liquid switching means closes the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve and opens the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve and supplies the cleaning liquid from the second cleaning liquid passage during operation other than when the liquid detoxification treatment apparatus is started and stopped. The liquid purification system according to claim 4, wherein the liquid purification system is configured to be supplied to a filter device.   The cleaning liquid switching means is based on an input signal from an operation state setting / detection means for setting or detecting an operation state of the liquid detoxification processing device, and the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve according to the operation state of the liquid purification device, From the control device that controls the opening and closing of the untreated liquid passage opening and closing valve, the cleaning liquid passage opening and closing valve, the filtrate passage passage opening and closing valve, and the drainage passage opening and closing valve and the operation control of the washing pump provided in the washing device The liquid purification system according to claim 4 or 5, wherein   The liquid detoxification treatment device is configured to remove microorganisms in the untreated liquid and convert it into a clean treatment liquid, and to store the treatment liquid in a ballast tank and to apply centrifugal force to the liquid. The solid-liquid separation device for separating solids from the liquid, the filter device, and the centrifugal solid-liquid separation device and the filter device in the liquid processing line through which the liquid flows. A liquid electrolysis apparatus that electrolyzes all or a part of the liquid in an electrolytic cell to produce a chlorine-containing substance, and a solid material is obtained by the centrifugal solid-liquid separation apparatus as a cleaning liquid for cleaning the filter element of the filter apparatus. The liquid purification system according to claim 4, wherein either the liquid after separation or the liquid after chlorination is performed in the liquid electrolysis apparatus is used.   An untreated liquid is introduced into an outer chamber formed outside a rotatable cylindrical filter element that is housed in a filter housing, and the solid is filtered through the filter element before the inside of the filter element. A filter device configured to flow into the formed inner chamber, a plurality of ejection nozzles for spraying a cleaning liquid for cleaning the filter element fed from a cleaning pump to an outer peripheral surface of the filter element, and the cleaning pump And a plurality of cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves that respectively open and close a plurality of cleaning liquid passages connecting the plurality of ejection nozzles, the cleaning liquid passages on the upstream side of the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves. The same number of cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves as opening / closing source valves for opening and closing the cleaning liquid passage, A shut-off valve that opens and closes the cleaning liquid passage on the downstream side of the cleaning liquid passage opening and closing valve of the cleaning liquid passage, and a failure when the pressure of the cleaning liquid passage is outside a predetermined pressure range A liquid purification system, comprising: a control device that closes the opening / closing source valve corresponding to the generated cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve to block the flow of the cleaning liquid to the cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valve.   An untreated liquid is introduced into an outer chamber formed outside a rotatable cylindrical filter element that is housed in a filter housing, and the solid is filtered through the filter element before the inside of the filter element. A filter device configured to flow into the formed inner chamber, a plurality of ejection nozzles for spraying a cleaning liquid for cleaning the filter element fed from a cleaning pump to an outer peripheral surface of the filter element, and the cleaning pump And a plurality of cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves that respectively open and close a plurality of cleaning liquid passages connecting the plurality of ejection nozzles, and at least two cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves among the plurality of cleaning liquid passage opening / closing valves Set the overlap period to open at the same time and Fluid purification system, characterized in that installed the accumulator to absorb pressure fluctuations in the cleaning liquid passage into the liquid passage.

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