JP2008206849A - Oil tank, fire extinguishing structure of oil tank and fire extinguishing method for oil fire - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fire extinguishing structure of an oil tank, extinguishing even the large-scale fire of the oil tank caused by oil catching fire, and to provide a fire extinguishing method for an oil fire. <P>SOLUTION: The fire extinguishing structure of the oil tank extinguishes the oil fire caused by the oil inside the tank catching fire, a floating element in which a water glass dry substance is stored inside a shell body molded in a hollow shape is floated beforehand on the surface of the oil and the water glass dry substance leaks out from the floating element destroyed by heat when a fire occurs. Also, in the fire extinguishing method for the oil fire for extinguishing the oil fire caused by the oil inside a container catching fire, the fire is extinguished by floating the water glass dry object foamed by the heat of the fire on the surface of the oil. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an oil tank, an oil tank fire extinguishing structure, and an oil fire extinguishing method.

  Conventionally, oil such as crude oil that has been imported from overseas by tankers is stored in stockpile tanks set up in the gulf of various places throughout Japan, and the amount of stored oil is equivalent to several days of domestic demand. It can be said that it is a huge amount.

  In addition, it is known that there are many oil tanks provided by companies in industrial zones in various places, and a large amount of oil is stored in the oil tanks.

  By the way, since these oils are ignited by a spark such as fire or electricity, they are inflamed. Therefore, in an oil tank storing a large amount of oil, once a fire is raised, a large-scale fire tends to occur.

  Therefore, the oil tank is equipped with fire extinguishing equipment for detecting a warning sign of fire and performing initial fire extinguishing and notification (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

According to such a fire extinguishing equipment, even if a fire occurs in the oil tank, it can be extinguished if it is an early stage fire.
JP 2007-14583 A

  However, the above-described conventional fire extinguishing equipment cannot perform a sufficient fire extinguishing activity when the oil in the oil tank is ignited and a large-scale fire occurs.

  In addition, to extinguish a large-scale fire in an oil tank, fire extinguishing agent is discharged from the ground with a chemical fire engine or sprayed with a helicopter from the sky. There were many cases where firefighters could not reach due to high temperature and could not be approached due to high temperatures, and there was a case where they had to wait for natural fire extinguishing.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an oil tank fire-extinguishing structure and an oil fire capable of extinguishing fire even in the case of a large-scale oil tank fire caused by igniting oil Provide fire extinguishing methods.

  In order to solve the above problems, the oil tank fire extinguishing structure according to the present invention is an oil tank fire extinguishing structure that extinguishes an oil fire caused by igniting the oil inside the tank. The floating body containing the dried water glass was previously suspended inside the shell molded into a shape, and the dried water glass was leaked from the floating body collapsed by heat in the event of a fire.

  The following points are also characteristic.

(1) The shell is formed by forming a water glass dry film on the surface of a mesh-like aggregate molded into a hollow shape so as to close the mesh of the aggregate. The glass dry film collapsed and a mesh was formed on the surface of the shell.

(2) A connected floating body constituted by connecting a plurality of the floating bodies is floated on the surface of the oil.

(3) The surface of the mesh-like sheet aggregate is covered with a water glass dry film to form a sheet-like flame retardant, and the flame retardant is placed on the connected floating body.

(4) An oil tank fire extinguishing structure that extinguishes an oil fire caused by igniting the oil inside the tank, and the surface of the mesh sheet aggregate is covered with a water glass dry film to prevent sheet fire The body was formed, and the flame retardant was suspended from the top surface of the tank, and the fire retardant was dropped to cover the combustion part in the event of a fire.

(5) The dried water glass and / or the dried water glass film is formed by mixing air in mixed water glass and then drying.

  Further, the oil tank according to the present invention is an oil tank provided with an anti-sintering film for preventing igniting from a fire generated around the container body on the surface of the container body that stores oil, The prevention film was formed by drying a mixture of water glass and cement.

  The oil fire extinguishing method according to the present invention is an oil fire extinguishing method that extinguishes an oil fire caused by igniting the oil inside the container, and water foamed by the heat of the fire on the surface of the oil. It was decided to extinguish the fire by floating the dried glass.

  The fire extinguishing structure for an oil tank according to claim 1 is an extinguishing structure for an oil tank that extinguishes an oil fire caused by igniting oil inside the tank. The floating body containing dried water glass inside is floated in advance, and the water glass dried material leaks from the floating body that collapsed by heat in the event of a fire. An object can be floated on the oil surface to reduce contact between oil and air, and even a large oil tank fire caused by igniting oil can be extinguished.

  Further, in the fire extinguishing structure for an oil tank according to claim 2, the shell is formed by forming a water glass dry film on the surface of the mesh aggregate formed into a hollow shape so as to close the mesh of the aggregate. In the event of a fire, the water glass dry film collapses due to heat and a network is formed on the surface of the shell, so that the shell surroundings after the temperature around the floating body reaches the foaming temperature of the water glass dry matter. The body can be collapsed, and the foamed water glass dried product can be effectively suspended on the oil surface.

  Further, in the fire extinguishing structure for the oil tank according to claim 3, since the connected floating body constituted by connecting a plurality of floating bodies to each other is floated on the surface of the oil, a fire occurs in a part of the oil surface. Even when the floating body collapses, the buoyancy of the floating body in which another floating body has collapsed can be compensated, and the collapsed floating body can be prevented from sinking into the oil.

  In the fire extinguishing structure of the oil tank according to claim 4, the surface of the mesh-like sheet aggregate is covered with a water glass dry film to form a sheet-like flame retardant, and the flame retardant is Since it mounted on the said connection floating body, even if a fire arises, the quantity of the air supplied to an oil surface can be reduced and fire extinguishing can be accelerated.

  The oil tank fire extinguishing structure according to claim 5 is an oil tank fire extinguishing structure that extinguishes an oil fire caused by igniting oil inside the tank, and the surface of the mesh sheet aggregate is water glass. Cover with dry film to form a sheet-shaped flame retardant, suspend the flame retardant on the top of the tank, and drop the flame retardant to cover the burning part in the event of a fire Therefore, the oxygen supplied to the flame can be blocked as much as possible, and the attenuation of the flame can be promoted.

  Further, in the fire extinguishing structure of the oil tank according to claim 6, since the water glass dried product and / or the water glass dried film is formed by mixing air in solution water glass and then drying, foaming is performed. Even in such a state, it is possible to impart a large buoyancy to the dried water glass and to increase the amount of foaming due to the heat of the fire.

  Further, in the oil tank according to claim 7, the oil tank is provided with an anti-sintering film for preventing fire from a fire generated around the container main body on the surface of the container main body for storing oil, Since the anti-sintering film is formed by drying a mixture of water glass and cement, the oil tank has fire resistance and heat insulation, and can be provided with weather resistance with little deterioration due to wind and rain. .

  Furthermore, in the method for extinguishing an oil fire according to claim 8, the method is an oil fire extinguishing method for extinguishing an oil fire caused by igniting the oil inside the container, and the oil surface is foamed by the heat of the fire. Since the water glass dried product is suspended and extinguished, the oil level can be covered with the foamed incombustible water glass dried product, air supply can be inhibited, and the fire can be extinguished.

  The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing structure for an oil tank that extinguishes an oil fire caused by igniting oil such as crude oil stored in the inside of the tank, wherein water is placed inside the shell body formed into a hollow shape on the surface of the oil. By floating the floating body containing the dried glass in advance, the dried water glass foamed and expanded due to heat leaked from the floating body that collapsed by heat in the event of a fire so that it floats on the oil surface. An fire extinguishing structure for an oil tank is provided.

  That is, the floating body is floated on the oil surface in advance, and the foamed water glass dried material spills out of the floating body collapsed by the heat of the fire, so that the nonflammable foamed water glass is dried on the oil surface. They are covered with things to extinguish the fire.

  Here, the tank for storing oil can be selected from all types of tanks such as floating roof tanks, floating roof type oil tanks such as dome roof tanks, oil tanks without floating roofs, corn roof tanks, etc. Further, the size of the tank is not particularly limited.

  The oil is not particularly limited as long as it is a liquid oil such as crude oil, heavy oil, gasoline, light oil, kerosene, edible oil, and machine oil.

  The dried water glass is obtained by drying and solidifying liquid water glass (high concentration aqueous solution of sodium silicate), and it is desirable to form a cullet shape (fragment shape) of about 0.5 to 2 cm square.

  In addition, this water glass dried product is foamed and expanded by being ignited by a flame or the like, and has a fragility that can be easily broken by hand.

  Therefore, the dried water glass foamed and expanded has a reduced specific gravity and can float on the oil surface.

  The shell is formed by forming a water glass dry film on the surface of a mesh aggregate formed into a hollow shape so as to close the mesh of the aggregate, and the water glass dry film is formed by heat in the event of a fire. It collapses so that a mesh is formed on the surface of the shell.

  That is, on the surface of the aggregate having a mesh of mesh that allows the dried water glass to pass through, a coating of the dried water glass is formed so as to close the mesh, thereby forming a shell. .

  Here, as the aggregate, those obtained by assembling wires such as stainless steel wires and iron wires in a lattice shape, and those obtained by knitting glass fibers, carbon fibers, and aramid fibers in a net shape can be suitably used.

  When this shell is ignited by the heat of flame, the water glass dry film formed on the aggregate surface expands while foaming, and the surface of the shell is distorted and collapses.

  Then, the mesh of the aggregate is exposed, and the dried water glass stored inside the floating body leaks from the mesh of the mesh. At the same time, the dried water glass is exposed to heat, and thus foams and floats on the oil surface.

  By the way, this floating body forms a connection floating body by connecting a plurality of said floating bodies, respectively, and this connection floating body may be made to float in the shape of an oil surface.

  By forming a connected floating body, for example, even when one floating body collapses due to the heat of a fire and loses buoyancy, the other floating body supplements the buoyancy, and the collapsed floating body sinks into the oil Can be prevented, and the water glass dry matter inside the collapsed floating body can be efficiently foamed. Moreover, it can be made to act effectively also on a wide oil surface.

  Further, the surface of the mesh-like sheet aggregate may be coated with a water glass dry film to form a sheet-like flame retardant, and the flame retardant may be placed on the connected floating body.

  By disposing such a flame retardant on the connected floating bodies, a water glass dry film (dried water glass) can be provided between the connected floating bodies, and fire extinguishing more effectively in the event of a fire. It can be carried out.

  By the way, this flameproof body may be hung on the top surface inside the tank, and the fireproof body may be dropped in the event of a fire to cover the combustion part.

  At this time, the flame retardant suspended from the top surface may be made of a material that can be broken by the heat of the fire, and may be dropped on the combustion part. You may make it fall.

  Thus, by suspending the flame retardant on the top surface, the supply of oxygen to the flame can be cut off as much as possible, the flame can be attenuated, and the fire can be extinguished.

  Of course, the flame retardant suspended from the top surface may be used in combination with the aforementioned floating body.

  The dried water glass and / or the dried water glass film may be formed by mixing air in solution water glass and then drying.

  This is because the air in the dried water glass is expanded by heat, and foaming can be further promoted.

  In addition, on the outer wall of the oil tank and the outer surface of the top plate, an anti-sintering film is formed to prevent igniting fire from the fire around the oil tank. This anti-sintering film is composed of water glass and cement. The mixture is formed by drying.

  Therefore, heat resistance, weather resistance, and durability can be imparted to the similar anti-fire film by mixing water glass and cement to form the anti-fire film.

  In forming this kind of anti-sintering film, vermiculite may be added to the mixture of water glass and cement.

  Here, vermiculite and cement are both materials made of minerals, and have a property of being well mixed with water glass (having a good fit) as well as having fire resistance.

  Moreover, vermiculite and water glass (dried material) are foamed by the heat of the fire, so that the heat insulation effect of the anti-sintering film can be further enhanced.

  In addition, the cement enhances the weather resistance and firmly holds the foamed vermiculite and water glass (dried material), so that the anti-sintering film can be prevented from collapsing due to the heat of the fire.

  In other words, this type of fire protection film is formed by drying a mixture of vermiculite, water glass, and cement, so that the fire heat generated around the oil tank causes fire prevention and heat insulation. It will also function as a fire-proof facility that can prevent fire. Note that this anti-sintering film may also be formed to be porous by containing air. Thereby, heat insulation can be improved further.

  As described above, the present invention is an oil fire extinguishing method that extinguishes an oil fire caused by igniting oil inside a container, and is a dried water glass foamed by the heat of the fire on the surface of the oil. It can also be said that the present invention provides a method for extinguishing an oil fire characterized by extinguishing the fire by floating it.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of an oil tank 1 having a fire extinguishing structure according to the present embodiment. In other words, the oil tank 1 has a sealed container structure in which a dome-shaped roof body 3 is disposed in a container-like reservoir 2, and an oil inlet / outlet 5 having a valve 4 is provided at the lower part of the reservoir 2. The oil tank 1 is formed so that oil can be stored and taken out.

  And the oil 6 supplied via the above-mentioned oil outlet / inlet 5 is stored inside the oil tank 1, and the connection floating body 7 and the connection floating body 7 as a fire extinguishing structure on the oil surface 6a of this oil 6 are stored. Is provided with a sheet-like flame retardant 8 disposed so as to cover.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the connection floating body 7 floating on the oil surface 6a. The connecting floating body 7 is configured by connecting floating bodies 9 arranged concentrically on the oil surface with a connecting member 10, and is formed so as to spread on the oil surface 6a in substantially the same shape as the circumferential shape of the storage portion 2. is doing.

  In addition, since the circumferential shape of the oil tank 1 is circular in this embodiment, the shape of the connection floating body 7 is formed so as to spread circularly on the oil surface. For example, the circumferential shape of the outer wall is rectangular. If it exists, it is preferable to form so as to spread in a rectangular shape on the oil surface.

  And as shown with the dotted line in FIG. 2, the flame retardant 8 is mounted so that the upper part of the connection floating body 7 may be covered.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the floating body 9 that forms the connected floating body 7 is formed by housing a fragmented cullet 12 made of a dried water glass in a hollow shell 11 that is formed in a substantially spherical shape.

  In addition, an air vent hole 13 is provided in the upper part of the shell body 11. Even when the air inside the shell body 11 expands due to the heat of fire, the air vent hole 13 can release the internal pressure. The shell 11 can be prevented from bursting.

  Further, a connecting portion 14 for connecting to another floating body 9 is provided on a side surface portion of each floating body 9, and a connecting member 10 is connected to the connecting portion 14 so that the connecting floating body 7 can be configured.

  The material of the connecting member 10 is not particularly limited as long as it is a nonflammable or flame retardant material, and for example, a metal wire or a string formed of carbon fiber can be used.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the shell 11 is formed so as to be separable into a hollow substantially hemispherical upper forming body 15 and a hollow substantially hemispherical lower forming body 16. 12 is housed, and the upper forming body 15 is closed by the lower forming body 16.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the upper forming body 15 and the lower forming body 16 are formed by forming a water glass dry film 20 on a mesh-like aggregate 18 having a mesh, When the water glass dry film 20 collapses, the mesh 19 is exposed, and the cullet 12 housed inside the floating body 9 leaks onto the oil surface 6a while foaming with heat.

  The configuration shown in FIG. 5 is the same as that of the above-described flame retardant 8. The structure of the flame retardant 8 will be described with reference to FIG. 22 is formed by forming a water glass dry film 20, and when the water glass dry film 20 collapses due to the heat of a fire, it peels off from the sheet aggregate 22 and falls onto the oil surface 6 a while expanding. .

  Next, how to extinguish with the fire extinguishing structure according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6A shows a state immediately after the oil 6 is ignited. When a fire occurs in the oil tank 1 and the oil 6 is ignited, a flame 21 rises on the oil surface 6a.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 6B, the heat of the flame 21 causes the water glass dry film 20 constituting the shell 11 of the floating body 9 to foam and become a floating fire extinguisher 23 that can float on the oil 6. It peels from the surface of the body 11 and floats on the oil surface 6a.

  Also, heat enters the inside of the floating body 9 and the cullet 12 inside the floating body 9 foams and starts to change into a floating fire extinguisher 23. The floating fire extinguisher 23 in which the cullet 12 has changed is also on the oil surface 6a. Leakage and floating.

  Further, at this time, the water glass dry film 20 of the flame retardant 8 covering the connection floating body 7 is also expanded to become the floating fire extinguisher 23, and the flame retardant 8 collapses and the floating fire extinguisher 23 falls on the oil surface 6a. .

  Then, as shown in FIG. 6 (c), when the oil surface 6a is covered with the floating fire extinguisher 23 (the foamed water glass dried product), the flame 21 gradually weakens and extinguishes.

  In this way, the fire extinguishing structure according to the present embodiment extinguishes an oil fire.

  FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the fire extinguishing structure of the oil tank 1 according to the present invention.

  The fire extinguishing structure of the oil tank 1 shown in FIG. 7 has the same basic structure as the above-described fire extinguishing structure of the oil tank. It has a feature in the anti-glare film 25.

  Hereinafter, the characteristic point will be described. In the oil tank 1, the above-described flameproof body 8 is suspended from the roof body 3 via a suspension member 24.

  This hanging member 24 has a sufficient strength to suspend the flame retardant 8 at room temperature, but uses a resin string that loses strength and breaks when exposed to a high temperature such as the heat of the flame 21. ing.

  When the flame rises on the oil surface 6a, the suspension member 24 is cut by the heat of the flame 21, falls so that the flame retardant 8 covers the flame 21, and the air (oxygen) supplied to the flame 21 ) To prevent fire extinguishing.

  Further, the outer surface of the storage unit 2 is provided with an anti-sintering film 25 formed by drying a mixture of vermiculite, water glass, and cement.

  The anti-sintering prevention film 25 may be formed by applying the liquid mixture to the outer surface of the storage part 2 and drying it. Alternatively, the anti-sintering prevention film 25 formed in advance in the form of a sheet may be formed outside the storage part 2. You may make it stick on the side.

  By adopting such a configuration, even when a fire occurs around the oil tank 1, the vermiculite and water glass (dried material) contained in the anti-burning film 25 foams to produce a heat insulation effect. The heat received by the oil tank 1 can be reduced.

  Moreover, since cement is mixed in the anti-sintering film 25, even when vermiculite or water glass (dry matter) is foamed, vermiculite or water glass (dry matter) can be held firmly, and similar fire prevention is prevented. It is possible to prevent the film 25 from being deformed and peeled off from the outer surface of the storage unit 2.

  The cement also plays a role in preventing water glass (dry matter) and vermiculite contained in the anti-burning film 25 from flowing out due to wind and rain.

  At the same time, since the cement deprives the water of the liquid water glass and advances the solidification reaction, the water glass is also deprived of the water and the solidification is promoted.

  That is, it can be said that the cement functions also as a water glass (liquid) solidification accelerator in forming the anti-burning film 25.

  Note that fly ash may be further added to the mixture when the anti-sintering film 25 is formed.

  Since fly ash also has a mineral composition, it has good dispersibility in liquid water glass and is well adapted to cement. The role of the binder that causes the molecules to bind more closely can be generated.

  In addition, by adding fly ash, the heat dissipating efficiency of the anti-sintering film 25 can be improved, so even if the anti-sintering film 25 is heated in a fire, the heat is efficiently dissipated and the oil tank 1 It is possible to effectively prevent the temperature from rising.

  Finally, the description of the above embodiment is an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For this reason, it is a matter of course that various modifications other than the above-described embodiments can be made according to the design and the like as long as they do not depart from the technical idea according to the present invention. For example, in the configuration shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of floating bodies 9 are connected to form the connecting floating body 7 in a substantially circular shape in plan view. For example, in the case of a tank having a rectangular peripheral wall, The floating body 7 may be configured in a rectangular shape.

  Moreover, although the floating body 9 is spherical, it is not limited to this shape, and any shape that can obtain buoyancy on the oil surface 6a, such as a rectangular parallelepiped or a triangular pyramid, can be appropriately selected depending on the design and application. Of course there is.

It is a section explanatory view of oil tank 1 provided with the fire extinguishing structure concerning an embodiment. It is a plane schematic diagram of the connection floating body which has floated on the oil surface. It is the schematic diagram which showed the cross section of the floating body which comprises a connection floating body. It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the floating body. It is sectional explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the shell. It is explanatory drawing which showed the fire extinguishing method of the fire extinguishing structure which concerns on this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which showed other embodiment which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Oil tank 2 Storage part 6 Oil 7 Connection floating body 8 Flameproof body 9 Floating body
10 Connecting member
11 Shell
12 Caret
18 Aggregate
20 Water glass dry coating
22 sheet aggregate
23 Floating fire extinguisher
Type 25 anti-sintering film

Claims (8)

An oil tank fire extinguishing structure that extinguishes an oil fire caused by igniting the oil inside the tank,
A floating body containing dried water glass in a hollow shell molded in advance on the surface of the oil is suspended in advance so that the dried water glass leaks from the floating body collapsed by heat in the event of a fire. An oil tank fire extinguishing structure characterized by comprising. The shell is formed by forming a water glass dry film on the surface of a mesh aggregate formed into a hollow shape so as to close the mesh of the aggregate, and the water glass dry film is heated by heat in the event of a fire. 2. The fire extinguishing structure for an oil tank according to claim 1, wherein a mesh is formed on the surface of the shell body by collapse. The fire extinguishing structure for an oil tank according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a connected floating body constituted by connecting a plurality of the floating bodies is floated on the surface of the oil. The surface of the reticulated sheet aggregate is coated with a water glass dry film to form a sheet-shaped flame retardant, and the flame retardant is placed on the connected floating body. The fire extinguishing structure for an oil tank according to claim 3. An oil tank fire extinguishing structure that extinguishes an oil fire caused by igniting the oil inside the tank,
The surface of the mesh-like sheet aggregate is covered with a water glass dry film to form a sheet-like flame retardant, and the flame retardant is suspended from the top surface inside the tank. A fire extinguishing structure for an oil tank, characterized in that the combustion body is dropped to cover the combustion part. 6. The water glass dried product and / or the water glass dried film is formed by mixing air in solution water glass and then drying the solution. The fire extinguishing structure of the described oil tank. An oil tank having a surface of the container main body for storing oil and having an anti-firing film for preventing fire from a fire generated around the container main body,
2. The oil tank according to claim 1, wherein the anti-sintering film is formed by drying a mixture of water glass and cement. An oil fire extinguishing method for extinguishing an oil fire caused by igniting oil inside a container,
A fire extinguishing method for oil fires, characterized in that a water-glass dried product foamed by the heat of fire is suspended on the surface of the oil to extinguish the fire.

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