JP2008269489A - Data acquisition system and data acquisition device - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a data acquisition system and a data acquisition apparatus capable of preventing data collection omission and enabling stable data collection.
A data acquisition target device that is a data acquisition target, a data acquisition unit that accesses the data acquisition target device and acquires data in the data acquisition target device at regular intervals, and the data acquisition unit. A data acquisition device having data temporary storage means for storing data to be acquired until reaching a certain amount; and a transmission means for collectively transmitting data stored by the data temporary storage means to the outside; and data from the data acquisition device A terminal device to be transmitted.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a data acquisition system and a data acquisition device, and more particularly to a data acquisition system and a data acquisition device used for data collection of factory manufacturing equipment and other industrial equipment.

  Conventionally, in an FA (Factory Automation) system, a network unit for data communication is mounted on or attached to an FA device as a form for acquiring and using data in an FA device such as a sequencer. There is a configuration in which a terminal device is connected via a network. The terminal device includes data collection means for collecting data on the FA device, a DBMS (Data Base Management System), and a data storage unit. Data collected from the network unit via the DBMS is stored in the data storage unit.

  The data storage unit has a data format that can be used from the DBMS, and can be used from applications on a personal computer such as tables, graphs, and SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition System). The data collection means can issue a data collection command for the FA device, and the command is disclosed from the vendor of the FA device, or communication middleware such as OPC (OLE for Process Control) is generally used. is there.

  As another configuration, there is a configuration in which data collection means for collecting data on the FA device is mounted on or attached to the FA device, and the data collection means is connected to the terminal device via a communication network. The terminal device includes a DBMS, a data storage unit, and DB access means. The data collection means of the FA device has a network function for data communication in addition to the data collection function, but since it does not have access means to the DBMS, it is connected to the DBMS via the DB access means of the terminal device. To do. The DB access unit stores data collected from the FA device by the data collection unit on the FA device in the data storage unit via the DBMS.

  The data storage unit has a data format that can be used from the DBMS, and can be used from applications on a personal computer such as tables, graphs, and SCADA.

  In addition to this, a DBMS module is built in an interface device for industrial equipment to acquire and use data in the industrial equipment (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP-A-10-3303

  By the way, according to the conventional technique, when an application in the terminal device uses data on the FA device, data is read from the data storage unit via the DBMS in the terminal device. Further, data is generally stored in the data storage unit in the terminal device by the following method.

  When the data collection means exists in the terminal device, the data collection means in the terminal device collects data on the FA device and stores the data in the data storage unit by the DBMS in the terminal device. If data collection means exists on the FA device, the data collection means on the FA device collects data on the FA device and stores the data in the data storage unit by the DBMS in the terminal device.

  However, in the method described above, the collected data on the FA device is transmitted to the terminal device, but the processing speed at which the data is collected and transmitted is different from the processing speed at which the data is processed in the terminal device. It was. That is, since the processing speed of the terminal device is slower and it is not possible to process all the collected data, there is a problem that there is no real-time data collection, and a collection omission occurs during data collection.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a data acquisition system and a data acquisition apparatus that can prevent data collection from being omitted and can stably collect data.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, a data acquisition system according to the present invention includes a data acquisition target device that is a data acquisition target, and a data acquisition target device that accesses the data acquisition target device. Data acquisition means for acquiring the data at regular intervals, data temporary storage means for storing the data acquired by the data acquisition means until a predetermined amount is reached, and data stored by the data temporary storage means are collectively transmitted to the outside A data acquisition device having a transmission unit and a terminal device to which data is transmitted from the data acquisition device are provided.

  According to this invention, the data acquisition unit accesses the data acquisition target device, acquires the data in the data acquisition target device at regular intervals, and the data temporary storage unit accumulates until the acquired data reaches a predetermined amount. After that, the accumulated data is sent to the outside collectively. Thereby, there is an effect that the data acquired from the data acquisition target device can be always acquired without omission and stable data collection can be performed.

  Embodiments of a data acquisition system and a data acquisition apparatus according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited to the following description, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, it can change suitably.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a data acquisition system according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. This data acquisition system is configured as part of the FA system. The FA device data acquisition unit 101 is a data acquisition device to which the present invention is applied, and is connected to the FA device 102. The FA device 102 is a data acquisition target device that is a target for acquiring data in the data acquisition system. The FA device 102 is a controller that controls a processing machine or the like in the FA system, and is a control device such as a sequencer. The FA device data acquisition unit 101 is connected to a computer 104 via a communication network 103. As a result, the FA device data acquisition unit 101 can perform bidirectional communication with the computer 104.

  The computer 104 is a terminal device to which data acquired by the FA device data acquisition unit 101 is transmitted in a data acquisition system, and is a terminal device for a user to use data in the FA device. As this computer 104, for example, a personal computer or the like is used. The computer 104 includes, for example, a CPU that performs computation, a nonvolatile memory such as a ROM (Read Only Memory), a volatile memory such as a RAM (Random Access Memory), a display memory that stores a display screen to be displayed on a display device, and a flash memory. An external memory interface that is an interface with a removable external memory, such as a PLC, a communication interface that communicates with a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and an information processing terminal, and the like are connected via a bus. In addition, various applications 105 for a user to process data on the computer 104 are implemented as software on the computer 104. For example, application software such as table software, graph software, and SCADA is installed. . The computer 104 is connected to a display device such as a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) or LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and an input device such as a touch panel and buttons (not shown).

  FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the main configuration of the FA device data acquisition unit 101 and the FA device 102 and their communication methods. The FA device data acquisition unit 101 according to the present embodiment includes a data acquisition unit 201, a data temporary storage unit 202, and a data transmission unit 203. The FA device data acquisition unit 101 and the FA device 102 are connected by a bus 401.

  The data acquisition unit 201 is a data collection unit that collects data on the FA device 102 from the device memory storage area 302 of the CPU unit 301 that is a control unit of the FA device 102. The data acquisition unit 201 communicates with the device memory storage area 302 of the CPU unit 301 for each sequence scan of the CPU unit 301 that is the control unit of the FA device 102, and collects real-time data on the FA device 102. Real-time data on the FA device 102 is collected without omission.

  The data temporary storage unit 202 is a data storage unit that temporarily stores the data of the FA device 102 acquired by the data acquisition unit 201. The data temporary storage unit 202 has a buffer function that temporarily stores a certain amount of data so that the data of the FA device 102 acquired by the data acquisition unit 201 is not transmitted to the computer 104. Then, the temporary data storage unit 202 transmits the stored data to the data transmission unit 203 at a time when the amount of data to be stored reaches one capacity. As such a data temporary holding unit 202, for example, a memory (ring device) having a ring buffer structure and holding data for a certain period of time can be used. Here, a case where a ring device is used as the data temporary storage unit 202 will be described.

  The data transmission unit 203 is a data transmission unit that transmits the data transmitted from the temporary data storage unit 202 to the computer 104. The data transmission unit 203 collectively transmits a certain amount of data transmitted from the data temporary storage unit 202 to the computer 104.

  Next, in the data acquisition system according to the present embodiment, an operation in which the FA device data acquisition unit 101 collects data on the FA device 102 and transmits it to the computer 104 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of processing in which the FA device data acquisition unit 101 collects data on the FA device 102 and transmits it to the computer 104 in the data acquisition system according to the present embodiment.

  When the FA device 102 starts operation, the data acquisition unit 201 of the FA device data acquisition unit 101 accesses the CPU unit 301 of the FA device 102. The data acquisition unit 201 of the FA device data acquisition unit 101 receives a predetermined value from the CPU unit 301 at the time of end refresh when the CPU unit 301 of the FA device 102 completes one scan of the program operating in the CPU unit 301. Collect data. Here, the data acquired by the data acquisition unit 201 from the device memory storage area 302 of the CPU unit 301 can be freely changed by changing the setting of the data acquisition unit 201.

  The data acquisition unit 201 collects predetermined data from the device memory storage area 302 of the CPU unit 301 for each scan cycle of the CPU unit 301 of the FA device 102 (step S101). The collected data is updated using the bus on the FA device 102. As a result, the data acquisition unit 201 can acquire data at high speed. The data acquisition unit 201 transmits the data acquired from the device memory storage area 302 to the data temporary storage unit 202 (step S102).

  The temporary data storage unit 202 receives and stores the data transmitted from the data acquisition unit 201 (step S103). Since the data temporary storage unit 202 has a ring buffer structure, it is not immediately transmitted to the computer 104, and data is stored for a certain period of time. The data temporary storage unit 202 accumulates data in the form of a ring buffer, so that the data is always stored in the data temporary storage unit 202.

  The data temporary storage unit 202 transmits the stored data at a time when the data stored in the data temporary storage unit 202 reaches the capacity of the ring buffer. That is, the data temporary storage unit 202 determines whether or not the amount of data stored in the data temporary storage unit 202 is full every time data transmitted from the data acquisition unit 201 is stored (step S104). ).

  If it is determined that the amount of data held in the own data temporary holding unit 202 is not full (No in step S104), the data temporary holding unit 202 continues holding data transmitted from the data acquisition unit 201, and next time The data transmitted from the data acquisition unit 201 is also held. On the other hand, if it is determined that the amount of data stored in the data temporary storage unit 202 is full (Yes at Step S104), the data temporary storage unit 202 transmits the stored data in a batch (Step S105). ).

  When the data transmission unit 203 receives the data transmitted from the temporary data storage unit 202, the data transmission unit 203 transmits the data to the computer 104 that is the data transmission destination (step S106). By receiving the data transmitted from the FA device data acquisition unit 101, the computer 104 can use the data for processing in a desired application.

  As described above, in the FA device data acquisition unit 101 according to the present embodiment, the data acquisition unit 201 stores the device memory of the CPU unit 301 of the FA device 102 in each scan cycle of the CPU unit 301 of the FA device 102. Predetermined data is collected from the area 302 and held in the data temporary holding unit 202 for a predetermined time. Then, when the data held in the temporary data holding unit 202 reaches the capacity of the ring buffer, the held data is transmitted to the computer 104 at once via the data transmission unit 203. Thereby, the computer 104 can always acquire real-time data of the FA device 102 acquired from the FA device 102 without omission.

  In the FA device data acquisition unit 101 according to the present embodiment, the data acquired from the FA device 102 is held in the data temporary holding unit 202 for a certain period of time, so that the data processing speed in the computer 104 can be increased. Even when the data collection speed of the data acquisition unit 101 is slower (scanning speed of the CPU unit 301 of the FA device 102), real-time data of the FA device 102 can always be acquired without omission.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the first embodiment described above, the case has been described in which the data acquired by the FA device data acquisition unit 101 is unilaterally transmitted to the computer 104. However, in the second embodiment, the computer 104 to the FA device. A case will be described in which a data acquisition request is made to the data acquisition unit 101, and the FA device data acquisition unit 101 acquires and transmits data in accordance with the request.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining main configurations of the FA device data acquisition unit 101a and the FA device 102 and their communication methods in the data acquisition system according to the second embodiment. The configuration of the data acquisition system using the FA device data acquisition unit 101a according to the present embodiment is the same as that shown in FIG. Also, with respect to the same configuration as that of the FA device data acquisition unit 101, the detailed description will be omitted here by referring to the first embodiment.

  Further, in the second embodiment, the real-time data acquisition process for each sequence scan of the CPU unit 301 that is the control unit of the FA device 102 by the data acquisition unit 201 described in the first embodiment is stopped.

  The FA device data acquisition unit 101a according to the second embodiment includes a data acquisition unit 201, a data temporary storage unit 202, a data transmission unit 203, a data access management unit 204, an SQL analysis unit 205, a DBMS 206, A data holding unit 207. The FA device data acquisition unit 101a and the FA device 102 are connected by a bus 401a.

  When the computer 104 accesses the FA device data acquisition unit 101, the data access management unit 204 manages the presence or absence of access authority to the FA device data acquisition unit 101. By providing the data access management unit 204, it is possible to prevent an unspecified number of peripheral devices from accessing the FA device data acquisition unit 101. Further, the data access management unit 204 also functions as a request data transmission unit that transmits data acquired by the DBMS 206 to the computer 104. The request data transmission unit may be provided separately from the data access management unit 204.

  The SQL analysis unit 205 analyzes the data acquisition request information described by the SQL statement transmitted from the computer 104 to which the access authority has been approved by the data access management unit 204 to the FA device data acquisition unit 101. This is for checking the grammar of the SQL sentence of the data acquisition request information transmitted from the computer 104 and preventing an incorrect SQL sentence from being transmitted to the DBMS 206. The SQL analysis unit 205 checks the grammar of the SQL sentence in the data acquisition request information, and if the grammar of the SQL sentence is correct, converts the SQL sentence into an instruction command understandable by the DBMS 206. Then, the data acquisition request information converted into an instruction command understandable by the DBMS 206 is transmitted to the DBMS 206. If the grammar of the SQL sentence is wrong, the subsequent processing is not performed.

  The DBMS 206 is request data acquisition control means for controlling acquisition of requested data based on the data acquisition request information. In the present embodiment, the DBMS 206 is a database management system that controls acquisition of requested data based on an SQL sentence (data acquisition request information) received from the SQL analysis unit 205. There are two methods for acquiring data in the DBMS 206. The first method is a method for acquiring real-time data from the data temporary storage unit 202. The second method is a method for acquiring data stored in the data holding unit 207. The request data acquisition control means in the present invention is not limited to the DBMS 206.

  The data holding unit 207 is a data holding unit that accumulates data acquired by the data acquisition unit 201 from the device memory storage area 302 included in the CPU unit 301 of the FA device 102. By providing the data holding unit 207, in addition to the function that the temporary data holding unit 202 always holds real-time data in a ring buffer format, it is possible to store the acquired data and its history in the FA device data acquisition unit 101a. It becomes.

  Next, in the data acquisition system according to the present embodiment, the operation of the FA device data acquisition unit 101a collecting data on the FA device 102 and transmitting it to the computer 104 will be described with reference to FIGS. The description will be given with reference. FIGS. 5A and 5B are data acquisition systems according to the present embodiment. In the data acquisition system according to the present embodiment, the application of the computer 104 makes an inquiry about data acquisition to the FA device data acquisition unit 101a based on the data acquisition request information described in the SQL statement. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the flow of a process in the case of making a request.

  First, an application on the computer 104 accesses the FA device data acquisition unit 101a, generates data acquisition request information described in an SQL statement for acquiring necessary data, and transmits the data acquisition request information to the FA device data acquisition unit 101a. (Step S201). When the computer 104 accesses the FA device data acquisition unit 101a, the data access management unit 204 determines whether or not the FA device data acquisition unit 101a has an access right to the FA device data acquisition unit 101 of the computer 104. (Step S202).

  If it is determined that there is no access authority (No at Step S202), the data access management unit 204 denies access to the FA device data acquisition unit 101 of the computer 104 and sends an error message to the computer 104 ( Step S218), the process ends. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is an access authority (Yes at step S202), the data access management unit 204 transmits data acquisition request information to the SQL analysis unit 205.

  The SQL analysis unit 205 receives and analyzes the data acquisition request information described by the SQL sentence transmitted from the data access management unit 204 (step S203). Then, the SQL analysis unit 205 checks whether or not the grammar of the SQL sentence of the data acquisition request information is correct (step S204). Here, when the grammar of the SQL sentence is wrong (No at Step S204), an error message is transmitted to the computer 104 (Step S218), and the process is terminated.

  When the grammar of the SQL sentence is correct (Yes at step S204), the SQL analysis unit 205 converts the SQL sentence into an instruction command understandable by the DBMS 206. Then, the SQL analysis unit 205 transmits data acquisition request information converted into an instruction command understandable by the DBMS 206 to the DBMS 206.

  When the DBMS 206 receives the data acquisition request information converted into an instruction command understandable by the DBMS 206, the DBMS 206 confirms the content of the data acquisition request and determines whether or not the data requested for acquisition is real-time data. (Step S205). When the data requested to be acquired is real-time data (Yes at Step S205), the DBMS 206 issues real-time data acquisition instruction information that instructs the temporary data storage unit 202 to acquire real-time data (Step S206). ).

  When receiving the real-time data acquisition instruction information, the temporary data storage unit 202 transmits the real-time data acquisition instruction information to the data acquisition unit 201 (step S207). The data acquisition unit 201 acquires the data specified by the real-time data acquisition instruction information from the device memory storage area 302 of the CPU unit 301 of the FA device 102 (step S208), and transmits the data once to the data temporary storage unit 202. (Step S209).

  When the data temporary storage unit 202 receives the data transmitted from the data acquisition unit 201, the data temporary storage unit 202 stores the data for a certain period of time and then transmits the data to the DBMS 206 (step S210). The DBMS 206 receives the data transmitted from the data temporary storage unit 202 and transmits the data to the data access management unit 204 (step S211). When receiving the data, the data access management unit 204 transmits the data to the computer 104 that is the transmission source of the data acquisition request information (step S212). By receiving the requested data from the FA device data acquisition unit 101, the computer 104 can use the data for processing in a desired application.

  Returning to step S205, if the data requested for acquisition is not real-time data, that is, if the data requested for acquisition is stored data stored in the data holding unit 207 (No in step S205), The DBMS 206 issues stored data acquisition instruction information, which is stored data acquisition request information, to the temporary data storage unit 202 (step S213).

  Upon receiving the accumulated data acquisition instruction information, the temporary data storage unit 202 transmits the accumulated data acquisition instruction information to the data acquisition unit 201 (step S214). Upon receiving the accumulated data acquisition instruction information, the data acquisition unit 201 transmits the accumulated data acquisition instruction information to the data holding unit 207 (step S215). When the stored data acquisition instruction information is received, the data holding unit 207 extracts the data specified by the stored data acquisition instruction information (step S216) and transmits it to the DBMS 206 (step S217).

  The DBMS 206 receives the data transmitted from the data holding unit 207, and transmits the data to the data access management unit 204 (step S211). When receiving the data, the data access management unit 204 transmits the data to the computer 104 that is the transmission source of the data acquisition request information (step S212). By receiving the requested data from the FA device data acquisition unit 101, the computer 104 can use the data for processing in a desired application.

  As described above, the FA device data acquisition unit 101a according to the present embodiment receives a data acquisition request from the computer 104, and sends the requested data to the device memory storage area 302 of the CPU unit 301 of the FA device 102. Or acquired from the data holding unit 207 and transmitted to the computer 104. As a result, the computer 104 can acquire desired data related to the FA device 102 without omission. Further, in the present embodiment, the computer 104 can acquire past data accumulated in the data holding unit 207 in addition to real-time data.

  In the above description, the case where the data acquisition unit 201 described in the first embodiment stops the real-time data acquisition process for each sequence scan of the CPU unit 301 that is the control unit of the FA device 102 has been described. However, the real-time data acquisition process in the first embodiment and the data acquisition process based on the above-described data acquisition request can be performed in parallel. In this case, a data acquisition unit and data temporary storage unit for real-time data acquisition processing and a data acquisition unit and data temporary storage unit for data acquisition processing based on the data acquisition request are provided separately. Just do it. With such a configuration, the degree of freedom of data acquisition is increased.

  As described above, the data acquisition system according to the present invention is useful for utilization of device data in an FA system or the like.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the data acquisition system concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the main structure of the data acquisition unit for FA apparatuses and FA apparatus in the data acquisition system concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention, and these communication methods. 5 is a flowchart for explaining a flow of processing in which the FA device data acquisition unit collects data on the FA device and transmits it to the computer in the data acquisition system according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention; It is a figure for demonstrating the main structure of the data acquisition unit for FA apparatuses and the FA apparatus in the data acquisition system concerning Embodiment 2 of this invention, and these communication methods. In the data acquisition system according to the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the flow of processing when a computer application makes a data acquisition inquiry request to the FA device data acquisition unit using the data acquisition request information described in the SQL statement. It is a flowchart for demonstrating. In the data acquisition system according to the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the flow of processing when a computer application makes a data acquisition inquiry request to the FA device data acquisition unit using the data acquisition request information described in the SQL statement. It is a flowchart for demonstrating.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Device data acquisition unit 101a Device data acquisition unit 102 Device 103 Communication network 104 Computer 105 Application 201 Data acquisition part 202 Data temporary storage part 203 Data transmission part 204 Data access management part 205 SQL analysis part 206 DBMS
207 Data holding unit 301 CPU unit 302 Device memory storage area 401 Bus 401a Bus

Claims (4)

A data acquisition target device that is a target of data acquisition;
Data acquisition means for accessing the data acquisition target device and acquiring the data in the data acquisition target device at regular intervals, data temporary storage means for storing the data acquired by the data acquisition means until a predetermined amount is reached, and A data acquisition device having transmission means for collectively transmitting data accumulated by the data temporary storage means to the outside;
A terminal device to which data is transmitted from the data acquisition device;
A data acquisition system comprising: The data acquisition means acquires the data for each sequence cycle of the data acquisition target device;
The data acquisition system according to claim 1. The data temporary storage means is a ring buffer memory;
The data acquisition system according to claim 1. A data acquisition device that acquires data in a data acquisition target device that is a target of data acquisition and outputs the data outside,
Data acquisition means for accessing the data acquisition target device and acquiring the data in the data acquisition target device at regular intervals;
Data temporary storage means for accumulating data acquired by the data acquisition means until reaching a certain amount;
Transmitting means for collectively transmitting the data accumulated by the data temporary holding means to the outside;
A data acquisition device comprising:

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