JP2008247903A - 中枢神経系障害の予防及び治療のための医薬組成物 - Google Patents
中枢神経系障害の予防及び治療のための医薬組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008247903A JP2008247903A JP2008060649A JP2008060649A JP2008247903A JP 2008247903 A JP2008247903 A JP 2008247903A JP 2008060649 A JP2008060649 A JP 2008060649A JP 2008060649 A JP2008060649 A JP 2008060649A JP 2008247903 A JP2008247903 A JP 2008247903A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/36—Radicals substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms
- C07D213/38—Radicals substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms having only hydrogen or hydrocarbon radicals attached to the substituent nitrogen atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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Abstract
【解決手段】中枢神経系障害に感受性が高い患者、または現にこれに罹患している患者を、有効量のアリール置換脂肪族アミン化合物、アリール置換オレフィン系アミン化合物またはアリール置換アセチレン系アミン化合物を投与することによって治療する。この中の代表的化合物は(E)-N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-4-ペンテン-2-アミンである。
【選択図】なし
Description
N-メチル-4-(3-ピリジニル)-2-メチルブタン-1-アミン、
N-メチル-4-(3-ピリジニル)-3-メチルブタン-1-アミン、
N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-ペンタン-1-アミン、
N-メチル-6-(3-ピリジニル)-ヘキサン-3-アミン、
N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-2-メチルペンタン-2-アミン、
N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-3-メチルペンタン-2-アミン、
N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-ペンタン-2-アミン、
N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-1,1,1-トリフルオロペンタン-2-アミン、
N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-4-メチルペンタン-1-アミン、
N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-4-メチルペンタン-2-アミン
N-メチル-1-(3-ピリジニル)-オクタン-4-アミン、
N-メチル-1-(3-ピリジニル)-5-メチルヘプタン-4-アミン、
N-メチル-6-(3-ピリジニル)-2,4-ジメチルヘキサン-2-アミン、
N-メチル-6-(3-ピリジニル)-5-メチルヘキサン-2-アミン、
N-メチル-6-(3-ピリジニル)-ヘキサン-2-アミン、
N-メチル-6-(3-ピリジニル)-5-メチルヘキサン-3-アミン、
4-(3-ピリジニル)-2-メチルブタン-1-アミン、
4-(3-ピリジニル)-3-メチルブタン-1-アミン、
5-(3-ピリジニル)-ペンタン-1-アミン、
6-(3-ピリジニル)-ヘキサン-3-アミン、
5-(3-ピリジニル)-2-メチルペンタン-2-アミン、
5-(3-ピリジニル)-3-メチルペンタン-2-アミン、
5-(3-ピリジニル)-ペンタン-2-アミン、
5-(3-ピリジニル)-1,1,1-トリフルオロペンタン-2-アミン、
5-(3-ピリジニル)-4-メチルペンタン-1-アミン、
5-(3-ピリジニル)-4-メチルペンタン-2-アミン、
1-(3-ピリジニル)-オクタン-4-アミン、
1-(3-ピリジニル)-3-メチルヘプタン-5-アミン、
6-(3-ピリジニル)-2,4-ジメチルヘキサン-2-アミン、
6-(3-ピリジニル)-5-メチルヘキサン-2-アミン、
6-(3-ピリジニル)ヘキサン-2-アミン、および
6-(3-ピリジニル)-5-メチルヘキサン-3-アミンである。
N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-4-ペンチン-2-アミン、
N-メチル-6-(3-ピリジニル)-5-ヘキシン-3-アミン、
N-メチル-1-(3-ピリジニル)-1-ヘプチン-4-アミン、
N-メチル-1-(3-ピリジニル)-1-オクチン-4-アミン、
N-メチル-1-(3-ピリジニル)-1-ノニン-4-アミン、
N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-3-メチル-4-ペンチン-2-アミン、
5-(3-ピリジニル)-4-ペンチン-2-アミン、
6-(3-ピリジニル)-5-ヘキシン-3-アミン、
1-(3-ピリジニル)-1-ヘプチン-4-アミン、
1-(3-ピリジニル)-1-オクチン-4-アミン、
1-(3-ピリジニル)-1-ノニン-4-アミンおよび
5-(3-ピリジニル)-3-メチル-4-ペンチン-2-アミンである。
(E)および(Z)-N-メチル-4-(3-ピリジニル)-2-メチル-3-ブテン-1-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-N-メチル-4-(3-ピリジニル)-3-メチル-3-ブテン-1-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-N-メチル-6-(3-ピリジニル)-5-ヘキセン-3-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-2-メチル-4-ペンテン-2-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-3-メチル-4-ペンテン-2-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-3-メチル-4-ペンテン-2-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-3-メチル-4-ペンテン-2-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-1,1,1-トリフルオロ-4-ペンテン-2-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-4-メチル-4-ペンテン-1-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-N-メチル-5-(3-ピリジニル)-4-メチル-4-ペンテン-2-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-N-メチル-1-(3-ピリジニル)-1-オクテン-4-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-N-メチル-1-(3-ピリジニル)-5-メチル-1-ヘプテン-4-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-N-メチル-6-(3-ピリジニル)-2,4-ジメチル-5-ヘキセン-2-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-N-メチル-6-(3-ピリジニル)-5-メチル-5-へキセン-2-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-N-メチル-6-(3-ピリジニル)-5-ヘキセン-2-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-N-メチル-6-(3-ピリジニル)-5-メチル-5-ヘキセン-3-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-4-(3-ピリジニル)-2-メチル-3-ブテン-1-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-4-(3-ピリジニル)-3-メチル-3-ブテン-1-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-6-(3-ピリジニル)-5-ヘキセン-3-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-5-(3-ピリジニル)-2-メチル-4-ペンテン-2-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-5-(3-ピリジニル)-3-メチル-4-ペンテン-2-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-5-(3-ピリジニル)-4-ペンテン-2-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-5-(3-ピリジニル)-1,1,1-トリフルオロ-4-ペンテン-2-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-5-(3-ピリジニル)-4-メチル-4-ペンテン-1-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-5-(3-ピリジニル)-4-メチル-4-ペンテン-2-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-1-(3-ピリジニル)-1-オクテン-4-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-1-(3-ピリジニル)-3-メチル-5-ヘプテン-1-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-6-(3-ピリジニル)-2,4-ジメチル-5-ヘキセン-2-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-6-(3-ピリジニル)-5-メチル-5-ヘキセン-2-アミン、
(E)および(Z)-6-(3-ピリジニル)-5-ヘキセン-2-アミン、および
(E)および(Z)-6-(3-ピリジニル)-5-メチル-5-ヘキセン-3-アミンである。これらの代表的化合物では、mまたはpの少なくとも一つは1でありおよび/またはE'の少なくとも一つは非水素置換基である。本発明のアリール置換脂肪族化合物には、各種の合成方法がある。各種のアリール置換脂肪族化合物の調製は、Rondall, Acta Pharm. Suec., Vol. 13, pp. 229-234(1976)で開示されているタイプの技術を用いで実施することができる。特定のメタニコチン型化合物はオレフィン側鎖ではない飽和側鎖を持っているが、これらの化合物は対応するメタニコチン型化合物または対応するアセチレン系先駆物質を水素化することによって調製することができる。例えば、ジヒドロメタニコチン型化合物は、Kamimura et al., Agr. Biol. Chem., Vol. 27, No. 10, pp. 684-688(1963)で開示されているタイプの方法を用いて(E)-メタニコチン型化合物を水素化することによって調製することができる。
3,5-ジブロモピリジン(98%)はLancaster Chemical Companyから購入した。ナトリウムエトキシド(96%)とN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)(99.9%、HPLCグレード)はAldrich Chemical Companyから購入した。窒素雰囲気下、3,5-ジブロモピリジン(5.00g、21.1mmol)、ナトリウムエトキシド(2.87g、42.2mmol)およびDMF(10mL)の混合物を攪拌して、15時間65℃で加熱した。混合物を水(70mL)に注ぎ入れ、無水ジエチルエーテル(155mL)を加えた。不溶の固体のため、二つの相を濾過することが必要であった。水層を分離し、エーテル(2×25、3×50mL)で抽出した。エーテル抽出物を集めて乾燥(MgSO4)、濾過し、回転蒸発により濃縮して、濃い茶色のシロップを得た。真空蒸発によりこの茶色の残留物を精製して、油分0.76g(17.9%)を得た。沸点は5mm Hgで105℃であった。1H NMR(CDCl3) :δ 9.12 (br s、1H)、8.83(br s、1H)、8.42(dd、1H)、4.41(q、2H)、1.42(t、3H)、13C NMR(CDCl3):δ 142.72、136.50、123.78、64.31、14.57。
3-ブテン-1-オール(99%)は、Aldrich Chemical Companyから購入した。窒素雰囲気下、3-ブテン-1-オール(144mg、2.0mmol)、3-ブロモ-5-エトキシピリジン(424mg、2.lmmol)、酢酸パラジウム(II)(5mg、0.02mmol)、トリ-o-トリルホスフィン(25mg、0.08mmol)、トリエチルアミン(0.5mL)およびアセトニトリル(1.0mL)の混合物を攪拌し、還流下21時間加熱した。冷却の際、混合物を水(10mL)で希釈し、塩化メチレン(2×5mL)で抽出した。塩化メチレン抽出物を集めて乾燥(No2SO4)、濾過し、回転蒸発により濃縮して濃い黄色のガム(423mg)を得た。シリカゲルによるカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製、メタノールと酢酸エチルの混液(2--→8%)で溶出して、ほとんど無色の油分265mg(66.3%)を得た。1H NMR(CDCl3):δ 8.15(s、1H)、8.12(s、1H)、7.14(dd、1H)、6.44(d、1H)、6.32-6.22(dt、1H)、4.06(q、2H)、3.77(t、2H)、2.49(m、2H)、1.42(t、3H)。13C NMR(CDCl3):δ 155.08、140.48、136.69、133.46、129.22、129.00、117.43、63.87、61.85、36.43、14.73。
窒素雰囲気下、(E)-4-[3-(5-エトキシピリジン)イル]-3-ブテン-1-オール(240mg、1.24mmol)、塩化メチレン(1mL)およびピリジン(1滴)の寒冷溶液(0℃)を攪拌し、塩化トシル(260mg、1.36mmol)で処理した。混合物を室温に昇温するまで放置した。攪拌12時間後、溶液を回転蒸発により濃縮した。その結果得た残留物をメタノール(3mL)に溶解し、40%水性メチルアミン(3mL)を加えた。溶液を室温で5時間攪拌した後、回転蒸発により濃縮して、粗産物(593mg)を得た。この残留物を1M NaOH(2mL)とクロロホルム(5mL)とに分配した。クロロホルム層を分離して、水(2mL)で洗い、乾燥(Na2SO4)、濾過し、回転蒸発により濃縮して、黒ずんだ油分(276mg)を得た。この油をシリカゲルによるカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して、トリエチルアミン-メタノール(2.5:97.5)で溶離させた。分画を選択して一緒にし、回転蒸発により濃縮して薄茶色だが、その後急速に黒ずんだ油分87mg(34.0%)を得た。1H NMR(CDCl3):δ 8.14(d、1H、J=1.8Hz)、8.12(d、1H、J=2.7Hz)、7.13(dd、1H、J=2.8、1.7Hz)、6.40(d、1H、J=16.0Hz)、6.29-6.19(dt、1H、J=16.0、6.8Hz)、4.06(q、2H、J=7.0Hz)、2.72(t、2H、J=6.8Hz)、2.44(s、3H)、2.43(dt、2H、J=6.8Hz)、1.76(br s、1H)、1.41(t、3H、J=7.0Hz)。13C NMR(CDCl3):δ 155.07、140.48、136.57、133.59、130.65、128.09、117.41、63.85、50.94、36.14、33.30、14.72。
4-ペンテン-2-オールはAldrich Chemical Companyから購入した。窒素雰囲気下、3-ブロモピリジン(3.0g、19mmol)、4-ペンテン-2-オール(1.69g、19.6mmol)、酢酸パラジウム(II)(42.6mg、0.19mmol)、トリ-o-トリルホスフィン(116mg、0.36mmol)およびトリエチルアミン(3.85g、38mmol)の混合物を90℃で16時間攪拌した。この茶色の混合物にトリエチルアミン(1.45g、4mmol)を加え、さらに1時間攪拌した。混合物を塩化メチレン(20mL)と水(20mL)で希釈した。水相をを分離して塩化メチレン(2×10mL)で抽出した。有機相を集めて水25mLで洗い、Na2SO4で乾燥、濾過し、回転蒸発により濃縮して濃い茶色の油状化合物を得た(3.05g、98%)。これをシリカゲル(225g)によるカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し、EtOAc-MeOH(4:1)により溶離させた。TLCにより測定しながら5-(3-ピリジニル)-4-ペンテン-2-オールを含む分画を集めて、黄色の油分2.69g(88.2%)を得た。TLC-(EtOAc-MeOH、4:1):Rf=0.60。1H NMR(CDCl3、300MHz):δ 8.55(d、1H)、8.42(dd、1H)、7.67および7.64(dt、1H)、7.23-7.18(m、1H)、6.44(d、1H)、6.33および6.27(dt、1H)、3.95(m、1H)、2.47-2.3(m、1H)、2.44(s、3H)、1.25(d、3H)。
窒素雰囲気下、5-(3-ピリジニル)-4-ペンテン-2-オール(2.62g、16.1mmol)、トリエチルアミン(3.25g、32.1mmol)およびテトラヒドロフラン(THF)(5mL)の氷冷溶液を攪拌しながら塩化メタンスルホニル(2.02g、17.7mmol)を滴下した。1時間攪拌後、さらにTHF(12mL)および塩化メタンスルホニル(184mg、1.6mmol)を加えた。混合物をさらに16時間攪拌した。これにより得た濃い茶色の物質を水(5mL)に溶解、CHC13(3×50mL)で抽出、乾燥(Na2SO4)、濾過し、濃縮して黄色の油状メシラート(3.12g、80.6%)を得た。メチルアミン(102mL)をメシラート(2.55g、10.6mmol)に加え、混合物を室温で〜17時間撹拌しながら放置した。この溶液をNaOH(1ペレット)で塩基化し、ジエチルエーテル(4×50mL)で抽出した。エーテル抽出物を集めて、乾燥(Na2SO4)、濾過し、黄色のシロップとなるまで濃縮した。残留物に水(50mL)を加えた。pHを濃HClで8.27に調整し、溶液をCH2Cl2(3×25mL)で抽出して不純物を除いた。水相を分離し、50%NaOH溶液を用いてpHを13.0に調整し、これにより得た溶液をメチルtert-ブチルエーテル(MTBE)(5×25mL)で抽出した。MTBE層を集めて乾燥(Na2SO4)、濾過し、回転蒸発で濃縮して黄色の油分668mgを得た。この油(500mg)をさらに真空蒸留により精製して、油分184.8mgを得た。bpは0.05mm Hgで80℃であった。pH調整とMTBEによる抽出と上記で説明した操作によりによりさらに精製して、黄色の油分127mg(6.9%)を得た。1H NMR(CDCl3、300MHz):δ 8.55(d、1H、J=2.1Hz、H-2)、8.41(dd、1H、J=1.6、4.8Hz、H-6)、7.66および7.63(dt、1H、J=2.0、8.1Hz、H-4)、7.20(m、1H、J=4.8、1.5、8.1Hz、H-5)、6.40(d、1H、J=15.9Hz、H-5')、6.28および6.23(dt、1H、J=15.9、7.0Hz、H-4')、2.68(m、1H、J=6.2Hz、H-2')、2.41(s、3H、N-CH3)、2.39-2.22(m、2H、J=6.2、7.0Hz、H-3')、1.40(br s、1H、-NH)、1.08(d、3H、J=6.2Hz、H-1')。13C NMR(CDCl3 75MHz):δ 148.2(C-6)、148.0(C-2)、133.0(C-3)、132.5(C-4)、130.0(C-4')、128.8(C-5')、123.3(C-5)、54.6(C-2')、40.5(C-3')、34.0(C-1')、19.9(N-CH3)。
この化合物はComins et al., J. Org. Chem.,Vol. 55, pp. 69-73(1990)の一般方法により調製された。
窒素雰囲気下、3-ブテン-1-オール(2.16g、30.0mmol)、ピリジン(9mL)および塩化メチレン(30mL)の寒冷溶液(0℃)を攪拌しつつ、Aldrich Chemical Companyから購入した塩化tert-ブチルジメチルシリル(4.53g、30.1mmol)を加えた。氷浴を除いて、混合物を室温で1時間攪拌する侭に放置した。白色の沈殿物を含む混合物を、水(60mL)に注ぎ入れて振とうした。塩化メチレン層を水層から分離して、水層を塩化メチレン(30mL)で抽出した。これより得た二つの有機抽出物を合わせて、水で2回洗い、乾燥(Na2SO4)、濾過し、蒸発させて粗産物8.94gを得た。真空蒸留の結果数個の分画を得、そのうちbpが35mm Hgで80-82℃である分画を集めて、油状の産物3.14g(65.3%)を得た。1H NMR(CDCl3):δ 5.86-5.73(m、1H)、5.08-4.98(m、2H)、3.64(t、2H)、2.29-2.22(m、2H)、0.87(s、9H)、0.03(s、6H)。
窒素雰囲気下、4-[(tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)オキシ]-1-ブテン(745mg、4.0mmol)、3-ブロモ-5-メトキシピリジン(純度90%のものを790mg、4.2mmol)、酢酸パラジウム(II)(10mg、0.045mmol)、トリ-o-トリルホスフィン(50mg、0.16mmol)、トリエチルアミン(1.0mL)およびアセトニトリル(2.0mL)の混合物を攪拌し、還流下20時間加熱した。冷却の際、混合物を水(20mL)で希釈し、塩化メチレン(2×15mL)で抽出した。塩化メチレン抽出物を集めて水で洗い、乾燥(Na2SO4)、濾過し、回転蒸発で濃縮して茶色の油を得た(1.25g、定量収量(quantitative yield))。
(E)-4-[(tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)オキシ]-1-[3-(5-メトキシピリジン)イル]-1-ブテン(1.25g、4.00mmol)をエタノール(5mL)に溶解した溶液を、室温で1M HCl (5mL)により処理した。溶液を20分間攪拌した後、回転蒸発により濃縮した。高真空下でさらに乾燥後、残滓を飽和NaHCO3水溶液(5mL)で処理して、水(20mL)とエーテル(30mL)とを分配した。水層を分離してNaClで飽和しエーテル(20mL)で抽出した。エーテル抽出物を集めて、乾燥(Na2SO4)、濾過し、回転蒸発により濃縮して、粘性がある黄色の油(632mg)を得た。この産物をシリカゲルによるカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、メタノール(3--→12%)と酢酸エチルの混液で溶離した。分画を選択して集め、回転蒸発により濃縮してほとんど無色の油408mg(56.9%)を得た。1H NMR(CDCl3):δ 8.14(s、1H)、8.16(s、1H)、7.15(dd、1H)、6.32(d、1H)、6.33-6.23(dt、1H)、3.84(s、3H)、3.77(t、2H)、2.53-2.46(m、2H)。
(E)-4-[3-(5-メトキシピリジン)イル]-3-ブテン-1-オール(387mg、2.16mmol)、塩化メチレン(1mL)およびピリジン(2滴)の溶液を冷却(0℃)した。塩化トシル(433mg、2.27mmol)を加えて、溶液を室温に昇温するまで放置した。12時間攪拌した後溶液を回転蒸発により薄黄色のガム(897mg)となるまで濃縮した。このガム状の残留物をメタノール(4mL)に溶解し、40%水性メチルアミン(4mL)を加えた。溶液を室温で6時間攪拌して、回転蒸発により濃縮した。高真空下でさらに乾燥して、茶色のガムを得た(936mg)。残滓を1M NaOH(25mL)とエーテルTHF(1:1)(50mL)とに分配した。水層を分離して、エーテルTHF(1:1)(25mL)で抽出した。有機抽出物を集めて、乾燥(Na2SO4)、濾過し、回転蒸発により濃縮して濃い茶色の油分(432mg)とした。この油をシリカゲルによるクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、トリエチルアミン-メタノール(2.5:97.5)で溶離した。分画を選択して集め、回転蒸発により濃縮して濃い橙色の油180mg(43.4%)を得た。1H NMR(CDCl3):δ 8.16(d、1H、J=1.8Hz)、8.13(d、1H、J=2.8Hz)、7.14(dd、1H、J=1.9Hz)、6.41(d、1H、J=16.0Hz)、6.31-6.21(dt、1H、J=16.0、6.9Hz)、3.84(s、3H)、2.73(t、2H、J=6.8Hz)、2.45(s、3H)、2.42(dt、2H、J=6.8、1.1Hz)、1.62(br s、1H)。13C NMR(CDCl3):δ 155.69、140.64、136.19、133.63、130.99、127.94、116.70、55.51、51.09、36.35、33.51。
ラット(Sprague-Dawley)を12時間毎の明暗サイクルを用いて飼育し、水とWayne Lab Blox, Madison, WIが供給する餌を自由に摂取できるようにした。この研究で使用したラットは体重200〜250gのものであった。脳膜プレパラートは雄雌いずれの脳組織からも採取した。
一般にNagy et al., J.Neurochem., Vol. 43, pp. 1114-1123(1984)に記載の方法によりSprague-Dawleyラットから採取したラット脳の線条領域のシナプトソームを用意して、ドーパミン放出を測定した。ラット4匹から線条を取り、これをHEPES(pH7.5)5mMで緩衝したスクロース2ml中でグラス-テフロン(登録商標)組織グラインダーにより均質化した。さらに均質化溶液を加えてホモジェネートを5mlに希釈して、1,000×gで10分間遠心分離した。新しいペレット毎にこの方法を反復して行い、その結果得た上澄み液を12,000×gで10分間遠心分離した。このようにして、HEPES緩衝スクロース中にPercoll16パーセント、10パーセント、7.5パーセントからなり、上層に最終ペレットが分散されている、3層の不連続パーコールグラジェントを形成した。15,000×gで20分間遠心分離した後、16パーセント層上からパスツールピペットでシナプトソームを採取し、潅流液(NaCl 128mM、KCl 2.4mM、CaCl2 3.2mM、KH2PO4 1.2mM、MgSO4 1.2mM、pH7.4のHEPES25mM、デクストロース10mM、アスコルビン酸塩1mM、パルギリン0.01mM)8mlで希釈して、15,000×gで20分間遠心分離した。これにより得た新しいペレットを集めて、潅流液に再懸濁した。このシナプトソーム懸濁液を37℃で10分間インキュベートした。懸濁液に[3H]-ドーパミン(Amersham、40-60Ci/mmol)を加えて最終濃度をO.1μMとし、懸濁液をさらに5分間インキュベートした。この方法によるシナプトソームのドーパミン取り込み量は、0.5%ポリエチレンイミンに浸したグラスファイバーフィルターで濾過して、シンチレーション係数で測定したところ、30〜90パーセントであった。連続潅流系を用いて、各リガンドに暴露後の放出をモニターした。シナプトソームはグラスファイバーフィルターに添加した(Gelman type A/E)。潅流緩衝液をフィルターに滴下(0.2〜0.3ml/min.)し、ぜん動ポンプによりフィルターを通過させた。シナプトソームは潅流緩衝液で、リガンドの添加前に最小限20分間は洗った。各種濃度のリガンドを含有する溶液0.2mlを添加した後一分間隔を置いて潅流液をシンチレーションバイアルに集め、シンチレーション係数により放出ドーパミンの定量検定を行った。バックグラウンド放射能のピークを計算して、この間の基礎放射量を総計から差し引いた。放出量は、同一濃度の(S)-(-)-ニコチンによる放出量に対するパーセントとして算出した。
LogP価(logオクタノール/水分配係数)はこれまで、血液脳関門(Hansch et al., J.Med. Chem., Vol. 11, p. 1(1968))を通過できる化合物の相対的能力を評価するのに用いられてきた。Molecular Simulations, Inc. のCerius2 software packageを用いて、Hopfinger, Conformational Properties of Macromolecules, Academic Press(1973)に記載の方法によりこのLogP価を計算した。
ヒト筋肉の活性化を、胚横紋筋肉腫から誘導されるヒトクローン系TE671/RD(Stratton et al., Carcinogen, Vo1. 10, pp. 899-905(1989))によって立証した。薬理学(Lukas, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., Vol.251, pp. 175-182(1989))、電気生理学(Oswald et al., Neurosci. Lett., Vol. 96, pp. 207-212(1989))および分子生物学(Luther et al., J. Neurosci., Vol. 9, pp. 1082-1096(1989))の各種研究によって証明されているように、これらの細胞は、筋肉様ニコチンレセプターを発現する。ニコチンアセチレンレセプター(nAChR)の機能を、Lukas et al., Anal. Biochem., Vol. 175, pp. 212-218(1989)に記載の方法により86Rb+流出物を用いて分析した。用量反応曲線をプロットし、ヒト筋肉およびラット神経節プレパラートにおいてニコチンレセプターを通過する特定イオンの流動を半最大活性化(half maximal activation)する濃度を測定した(EC50)。各化合物の最大活性化(Emax)は、(S)-(-)-ニコチンによる最大活性化に対するパーセントとして測定した。
神経節に対する効果をラット褐色細胞腫クローン系PC12によって立証した。このクローン系PC12は、神経節型ニューロンニコチンレセプターを発現するラット副腎腫瘍に由来する神経堤由来の無限増殖クローン細胞系である。(Whiting et al., Nature, Vol. 327, pp. 515-518(1987);Lukas,J.Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., Vol. 251, pp. 175-182(1989);Whiting et al., Mol. Brain Res. Vol. 10, pp. 61-70(1990)を参照されたい)。Lukas et al., Internatl. Review Neurobiol.,Vol. 34, pp. 25-130(1992)の考察では、ニコチンレセプターサブタイプの不均一性を取り上げている。ラット神経節で発現されたアセチルコリンニコチンレセプターは、ヒトの対応するレセプターと極めて高い相同性を持っている。Fornasari et al., Neurosci. Lett., Vol. 111, pp. 351-356(1990)およびChini et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., Vol. 89, pp. 1572-1576(1992)を参照されたい。上記のクローン細胞系二つとも、慣例プロトコルにより増殖定常期(proliferative growth phase)であるように維持した(Bencherif et al., Mol. Cell Neurosci., Vol. 2, pp. 52-65(1991)およびBencherif et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.,Vol. 257, pp. 946-953(1991))。無傷の細胞をペトリ皿に取り機能研究に用いた。日常的にサンプルのアリコートを保存しておいて、ウシ血清アルブミンを標準として用いるBradford, Anal. Biochem., Vol. 72, pp. 248-254(1976)の方法によるタンパク質濃度の測定に使用した。
ラットの脳を解体して、中脳(視床付き中脳)を取除いた。この中脳を氷上の試験管に入れ、均質化して、2800rpmで10分間遠心分離した。上澄み液を集め、9650rpmでさらに20分間遠心分離した。これにより得たペレットを粉砕して、氷冷潅流緩衝液700μl中に再懸濁した。このシナプトソームに86Rb+を添加して、Marks et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., Vol. 264, pp. 427-436(1993)の方法を用いてイオン流動物を測定した。刺激による放出量(総ピーク放出量)から基礎放出量を差し引いて総流動物量を計算した。各濃度についてピークと基線との比を計算した。検定の都度、デトラメチルアンモニウムコントロール(即ち、対象レセプターに対する完全アゴニスト)を用いて、アゴニスト各々のルビジウム流動物を刺激する能力とコントロールとを比較している。Emax価は、テトラメチルアンモニウムのEmaxに対するパーセントとして報告する。
Claims (7)
- 次の式で表される化合物:
[式中、
XはC-H、C-F、C-Cl、C-Br、C-I、C-NR'R''、C-CF3、C-CN、C-C2R'、C-SCH3、C-N3、C-SO2CH3、C-OR'、C-SR'、C-C(=O)NR'R''、C-NR'C(=O)R'、C-(C=O)R'、C-C(=O)OR'、-CCH2OR'、C-OC(=O)R'、C-OC(=O)NR'R''、およびC-NR'C(=O)OR'からなる群から選択され、ここでR'およびR''は各々水素または炭素原子1個〜5個を含有するアルキルであり;
nは2、3、4、5、6または7であり;
Z'およびZ''は水素であり;
A,A'およびA''は各々水素、炭素原子1個〜5個を含むアルキルまたはハロを表し;ならびに
E'およびE''は、各々同一でも異なっていてもよく、独立して水素、炭素原子1個〜5個を含むアルキルまたは炭素原子1個〜5個を含むハロ置換アルキルから選択され、NZ'Z''で表される基のα位にある少なくとも一つのE'は炭素原子1個〜5個を含むアルキルである]
または薬理学的に許容可能なその塩。 - XがC-OR'である請求項1に記載の化合物または薬理学的に許容可能なその塩。
- R'がエチル、メチルまたはイソプロピルである請求項2に記載の化合物または薬理学的に許容可能なその塩。
- Aが水素である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の化合物または薬理学的に許容可能なその塩。
- A,A'およびA''が水素である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の化合物または薬理学的に許容可能なその塩。
- (E)および(Z)-5-(3-ピリジニル)-4-ペンテン-2-アミンである、請求項1に記載の化合物または薬理学的に許容可能なその塩。
- (E)-5-(3-ピリジニル)-4-ペンテン-2-アミンである、請求項1に記載の化合物または薬理学的に許容可能なその塩。
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| CA2379993A1 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2001-02-08 | Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated | Acyclic and cyclic amine derivatives |
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1997
- 1997-04-16 DE DE69739142T patent/DE69739142D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-16 WO PCT/US1997/006398 patent/WO1997040011A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-04-16 JP JP53818097A patent/JP4357001B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-16 DK DK97921232T patent/DK0900200T5/da active
- 1997-04-16 EP EP97921232A patent/EP0900200B9/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-16 CA CA002252515A patent/CA2252515C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-16 EP EP08014695A patent/EP1997806A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-04-16 PT PT97921232T patent/PT900200E/pt unknown
- 1997-04-16 AU AU27332/97A patent/AU727976B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-04-16 ES ES97921232T patent/ES2318856T4/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-16 BR BRPI9708815-3A patent/BR9708815B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-04-16 AT AT97921232T patent/ATE416164T1/de active
-
2000
- 2000-08-21 US US09/642,351 patent/US6603011B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-10-09 US US09/973,419 patent/US6555684B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2008
- 2008-03-11 JP JP2008060649A patent/JP2008247903A/ja active Pending
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| JPS6431766A (en) * | 1987-07-10 | 1989-02-02 | Hoffmann La Roche | Thrombocyte promoter antagonistic compound |
| US4927838A (en) * | 1987-07-10 | 1990-05-22 | Hoffman-La Roche Inc. | Pyridine compounds which are useful in treating a disease state characterized by an excess of platelet activating factors |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2252515A1 (en) | 1997-10-30 |
| US6603011B1 (en) | 2003-08-05 |
| DE69739142D1 (de) | 2009-01-15 |
| EP0900200A1 (en) | 1999-03-10 |
| JP2000509041A (ja) | 2000-07-18 |
| WO1997040011A1 (en) | 1997-10-30 |
| EP1997806A1 (en) | 2008-12-03 |
| AU727976B2 (en) | 2001-01-04 |
| CA2252515C (en) | 2006-11-07 |
| ES2318856T3 (es) | 2009-05-01 |
| EP0900200B1 (en) | 2008-12-03 |
| BR9708815B1 (pt) | 2009-01-13 |
| PT900200E (pt) | 2009-02-26 |
| US6555684B2 (en) | 2003-04-29 |
| BR9708815A (pt) | 2000-01-04 |
| DK0900200T3 (da) | 2009-03-30 |
| ES2318856T4 (es) | 2010-03-03 |
| DK0900200T5 (da) | 2010-01-11 |
| EP0900200B9 (en) | 2009-10-21 |
| AU2733297A (en) | 1997-11-12 |
| ATE416164T1 (de) | 2008-12-15 |
| JP4357001B2 (ja) | 2009-11-04 |
| US20020032206A1 (en) | 2002-03-14 |
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