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JP2008131897A - Enterococci detection medium - Google Patents

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JP2008131897A
JP2008131897A JP2006320598A JP2006320598A JP2008131897A JP 2008131897 A JP2008131897 A JP 2008131897A JP 2006320598 A JP2006320598 A JP 2006320598A JP 2006320598 A JP2006320598 A JP 2006320598A JP 2008131897 A JP2008131897 A JP 2008131897A
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medium
enterococci
sodium azide
present
detecting
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JP5118336B2 (en
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Hajime Teramura
哉 寺村
Shingo Mizuochi
慎吾 水落
Hidemasa Odaka
秀正 小高
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Nissui Pharmacetuical Co Ltd
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Abstract

【課題】アジ化ナトリウムの含有量が0.1%未満であっても、正確に腸球菌を検出でき、かつ常温保存可能な腸球菌及び薬剤耐性腸球菌検出用培地を提供する。
【解決手段】アジ化ナトリウムを0.001〜0.099重量%、アミノグリコシド系抗生物質を使用時の濃度として0.01〜1,000mg/L、及びβ−グルコシダーゼの基質となる色原体化合物を含有する腸球菌検出用培地。
【選択図】なし
Provided is a medium for detecting enterococci and drug-resistant enterococci capable of accurately detecting enterococci even when the content of sodium azide is less than 0.1% and capable of being stored at room temperature.
SOLUTION: Sodium azide is 0.001 to 0.099% by weight, aminoglycoside antibiotic is used in a concentration of 0.01 to 1,000 mg / L, and a chromogenic compound serving as a substrate for β-glucosidase A medium for detecting enterococci containing
[Selection figure] None

Description

本発明は、腸球菌及び薬剤耐性腸球菌の選択的検出用培地に関する。   The present invention relates to a medium for selective detection of enterococci and drug-resistant enterococci.

腸球菌(Enterococcus)は、健常者の回腸や口腔、外陰部などからしばしば分離される常在性のグラム陽性球菌であり、病原性は弱いとされている。しかしながら、腸球菌の中には、術後の心内膜炎などの原因菌になるものもあり、またバンコマイシン耐性腸球菌などの薬剤耐性腸球菌は院内感染や鶏肉などの食品からの感染により、腹膜炎、術創感染症、肺炎、敗血症などを起こすことがある。従って、腸球菌及び薬剤耐性腸球菌を食品や環境試料から検出することは重要である。   Enterococcus is a resident gram-positive cocci that are often isolated from the ileum, oral cavity, vulva, etc. of healthy individuals and are considered to be less pathogenic. However, some enterococci can cause postoperative endocarditis, and drug-resistant enterococci such as vancomycin-resistant enterococci are caused by hospital infections and infections from foods such as chicken. May cause peritonitis, surgical wound infection, pneumonia, sepsis, etc. Therefore, it is important to detect enterococci and drug-resistant enterococci from food and environmental samples.

腸球菌の検出培地としては、一般にKF(Kenner Fecal)寒天培地やAC(アザイド−クエン酸)ブイヨン培地が用いられている(非特許文献1)。これらは粉末の状態では、腸球菌の選択性の点から0.1%以上のアジ化ナトリウムを必要とするため、市販の培地ではアジ化ナトリウムを別に添加している。また、アジ化ナトリウムを含んでいる状態の粉末培地や簡易培地ではアジ化ナトリウムの総重量が0.1%以上になり毒性指定となるため、鍵付の保管庫で保管する必要がある(非特許文献2)。一方、生培地の状態ではアジ化ナトリウムは総重量の0.1%未満となるため、毒物指定にならないため、鍵付の保管庫は必要で無くなるが、使用期限が短く、かつ冷蔵にて保管しなければならない。また、バンコマイシン耐性腸球菌培地は存在するが生培地のため、使用期限が短く、かつ冷蔵保管が必要である。
新 細菌培地学講座−下II−<第二版>株式会社 近代出版 監修 坂崎利一 著者 田村一満・吉崎悦郎・三木寛二 1990年1月20日発行 毒物及び劇物取締法 別表第1第28号 最終改正:平成18年4月21日政令第176号
As a detection medium for enterococci, a KF (Kenner Fecal) agar medium or an AC (azide-citrate) bouillon medium is generally used (Non-patent Document 1). Since these powders require 0.1% or more sodium azide from the viewpoint of enterococcal selectivity, sodium azide is added separately in a commercially available medium. In addition, in powder media and simple media containing sodium azide, the total weight of sodium azide is 0.1% or more, which is designated as toxic. Patent Document 2). On the other hand, sodium azide is less than 0.1% of the total weight in the state of the raw medium, so it is not designated as a toxic substance, so a lockable storage is not necessary, but the expiration date is short and it is stored refrigerated. Must. In addition, vancomycin-resistant enterococcus culture medium exists, but it is a raw culture medium, so that the expiration date is short and refrigerated storage is required.
New Bacteriological Studies Course-2nd Edition-Modern Publishing Co., Ltd. Supervised by Toshikazu Sakazaki Authors Kazumi Tamura, Goro Yoshizaki, Kanji Miki Published January 20, 1990 Poisonous and Deleterious Substances Control Law Appendix Table 1 No. 28 Last Amendment: April 21, 2006 Decree No. 176

従って、本発明の目的は、アジ化ナトリウムの含有量が0.1%未満であっても、正確に腸球菌を検出でき、かつ常温保存可能な腸球菌及び薬剤耐性腸球菌検出用培地を提供することにある。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a medium for detecting enterococci and drug-resistant enterococci that can accurately detect enterococci and can be stored at room temperature even when the content of sodium azide is less than 0.1%. There is to do.

そこで本発明者は、培地中のアジ化ナトリウム濃度が0.1%未満であっても選択性が良好で精度良く腸球菌及び薬剤耐性腸球菌を検出できる培地について種々検討したところ、アジ化ナトリウムを0.001〜0.099重量%とし、一定量のアミノグリコシド系抗生物質及びβ−グルコシダーゼの基質となる色原体化合物を併用すれば腸球菌が精度良く検出できることを見出した。さらに、これにグリコペプチド系抗生物質を配合すれば、薬剤耐性腸球菌が精度良く検出できることを見出し、本発明を完成した。   Therefore, the present inventor has conducted various studies on a medium capable of detecting enterococci and drug-resistant enterococci with good selectivity and accuracy even when the sodium azide concentration in the medium is less than 0.1%. It was found that enterococci can be detected with high precision by using 0.001 to 0.099% by weight in combination with a certain amount of aminoglycoside antibiotic and a chromogenic compound serving as a substrate for β-glucosidase. Furthermore, the present inventors have found that drug-resistant enterococci can be detected with high accuracy by adding a glycopeptide antibiotic to this, thereby completing the present invention.

すなわち、本発明は、アジ化ナトリウムを0.001〜0.099重量%、アミノグリコシド系抗生物質を使用時の濃度として0.01〜1,000mg/L、及びβ−グルコシダーゼの基質となる色原体化合物を含有する腸球菌検出用培地及び当該培地を用いた腸球菌の検出方法を提供するものである。
さらに本発明は、上記培地にさらにグリコペプチド系抗生物質を含有する薬剤耐性腸球菌検出用培地及び当該培地を用いた。薬剤耐性腸球菌の検出方法を提供するものである。
That is, the present invention relates to 0.001 to 0.099% by weight of sodium azide, 0.01 to 1,000 mg / L of aminoglycoside antibiotic when used, and a chromogen serving as a substrate for β-glucosidase. The present invention provides a medium for detecting enterococci containing a body compound and a method for detecting enterococci using the medium.
Furthermore, the present invention uses a drug-resistant enterococci-detecting medium further containing a glycopeptide antibiotic in the medium and the medium. A method for detecting drug-resistant enterococci is provided.

本発明の培地は、乾燥状態の培地であっても、アジ化ナトリウム含有量が少ないので毒性指定とならず、保管及び流通性が簡便であるとともに、腸球菌及び薬剤耐性腸球菌の検出精度が良好である。   Even if the culture medium of the present invention is a dry culture medium, it is not designated as toxic because it has a low sodium azide content, and it is easy to store and distribute, and to detect enterococci and drug-resistant enterococci. It is good.

本発明の培地には、腸球菌の選択剤としてのアジ化ナトリウムを0.001〜0.099重量%(以下、単に%で示す)を含有する。アジ化ナトリウムが0.001%未満では、腸球菌の選択性が十分でなく、0.1%以上では毒性指定となる。好ましいアジ化ナトリウムの含有量は腸球菌の選択性の点から、0.01〜0.099%であり、より好ましくは0.06〜0.097%である。ここでアジ化ナトリウムの濃度は、使用時でなく、培地自体中の濃度である。   The medium of the present invention contains 0.001 to 0.099% by weight (hereinafter simply referred to as%) of sodium azide as a selective agent for enterococci. If sodium azide is less than 0.001%, enterococcal selectivity is not sufficient, and if it is 0.1% or more, toxicity is designated. A preferable content of sodium azide is 0.01 to 0.099%, more preferably 0.06 to 0.097%, from the viewpoint of selectivity for enterococci. Here, the concentration of sodium azide is not in use but in the medium itself.

本発明の培地には、アジ化ナトリウムとの併用による腸球菌の選択性の点から、アミノグリコシド系抗生物質を使用時の濃度として0.01〜1,000mg/Lを含有する。アミノグリコシド系抗生物質単独でも、アジ化ナトリウム0.1%未満単独でも腸球菌の選択性は十分ではないが、両者を併用することにより腸球菌の選択性が得られる。また、アミノグリコシド系抗生物質の含有量が0.001mg/L未満では十分な選択性が得られず、1,000mg/Lを超えると発育不良となる。好ましいアミノグリコシド系抗生物質含有量は0.01〜10mg/L、より好ましくは0.1〜1.0mg/Lである。本発明において、使用時の濃度とは、被検試料添加後の濃度である。例えば、培地が乾燥培地の場合、乾燥培地に被検試料液を添加した後の濃度である。   The medium of the present invention contains 0.01 to 1,000 mg / L of an aminoglycoside antibiotic as a concentration at the time of use from the viewpoint of the selectivity of enterococci when used in combination with sodium azide. Even if aminoglycoside antibiotics alone or sodium azide less than 0.1% alone are not sufficient for enterococci selectivity, enterococci selectivity can be obtained by using both. Further, when the content of the aminoglycoside antibiotic is less than 0.001 mg / L, sufficient selectivity cannot be obtained, and when it exceeds 1,000 mg / L, growth is poor. The preferred aminoglycoside antibiotic content is 0.01 to 10 mg / L, more preferably 0.1 to 1.0 mg / L. In the present invention, the concentration at the time of use is the concentration after adding the test sample. For example, when the medium is a dry medium, the concentration is obtained after adding the test sample solution to the dry medium.

当該アミノグリコシド系抗生物質としては、硫酸ゲンタマイシン、硫酸ジベカシン、トブラマイシン、硫酸シソマイシン、硫酸ネチルマイシン、硫酸ミクロノマイシン、硫酸アミカシン、硫酸アストロマイシン、硫酸イセパマイシン等が挙げられるが、硫酸ゲンタマイシンが特に好ましい。   Examples of the aminoglycoside antibiotics include gentamicin sulfate, dibekacin sulfate, tobramycin, sisomicin sulfate, netilmycin sulfate, micronomycin sulfate, amikacin sulfate, astromycin sulfate, isepamicin sulfate, and gentamicin sulfate is particularly preferable.

また、本発明培地には、腸球菌のみを特定の色の発色コロニーとして検出するためにβ−グルコシダーゼの基質となる色原体化合物を含有する。当該化合物としては、5−ブロモ−4−クロロ−3−インドキシル−β−D−グルコピラノシド、5−ブロモ−6−クロロ−3−インドキシル−β−D−グルコピラノシド、3−インドキシル−β−D−グルコピラノシド、5−ブロモ−4−クロロ−3−インドキシル−β−D−グルコピラノシド、エスクリン等が挙げられる。これらの化合物の培地中の含有量は、腸球菌の検出性の点から使用時の濃度として0.01〜10g/L、さらに0.01〜0.6g/L、特に0.1〜0.3g/Lが好ましい。   In addition, the culture medium of the present invention contains a chromogenic compound that serves as a substrate for β-glucosidase in order to detect only enterococci as a colored colony of a specific color. Examples of the compound include 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, 5-bromo-6-chloro-3-indoxyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, 3-indoxyl-β- Examples include D-glucopyranoside, 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, esculin and the like. The content of these compounds in the medium is 0.01 to 10 g / L, more preferably 0.01 to 0.6 g / L, particularly 0.1 to 0. 3 g / L is preferred.

さらに本発明培地に、グリコペプチド系抗生物質、例えばバンコマイシン、テイコプラニン等を配合すれば、院内感染で重要なVRE(バンコマイシン耐性腸球菌)をはじめとする種々の薬剤耐性腸球菌の検出培地とすることができる。これらのグリコペプチド系抗生物質のうち、バンコマイシンが特に好ましい。グリコペプチド系抗生物質の培地中の含有量は、薬剤耐性腸球菌の選択性の点から、使用時の濃度として1〜64mg/L、さらに4〜32mg/L、特に4〜8mg/Lが好ましい。   Furthermore, if a glycopeptide antibiotic such as vancomycin, teicoplanin, etc. is added to the culture medium of the present invention, it can be used as a detection medium for various drug-resistant enterococci including VRE (vancomycin-resistant enterococci) important in hospital infections. Can do. Of these glycopeptide antibiotics, vancomycin is particularly preferred. The content of the glycopeptide antibiotic in the medium is preferably 1 to 64 mg / L, more preferably 4 to 32 mg / L, and particularly preferably 4 to 8 mg / L as a concentration at the time of use from the viewpoint of the selectivity of drug-resistant enterococci. .

本発明の培地には、上記成分の他、栄養成分、無機塩、糖類、pH調整剤、グラム陰性菌抗生物質、グラム陽性菌抗生物質、その他の抗菌性物質等を配合することができる。   In addition to the above components, the medium of the present invention may contain nutritional components, inorganic salts, sugars, pH adjusters, gram-negative antibiotics, gram-positive antibiotics, other antibacterial substances, and the like.

栄養成分としては、ペプトン、酵母エキス、獣肉エキス、魚肉エキス等が好ましい。無機塩類としては、塩化ナトリウム、チオ硫酸ナトリウム等の無機酸金属塩;クエン酸鉄アンモニウム、クエン酸ナトリウム等の有機酸金属塩等が挙げられる。糖類としては、単糖類及びオリゴ糖類が使用でき、例えばラクトース、シュークロース(白糖)、キシロース、セロビオース、マルトース等が挙げられる。グラム陰性菌抗生物質としては硫酸ポリミキシンB、コリスチン硫酸塩、アズトレオナム、カルモナム、ナリジクス酸が挙げられる。グラム陽性菌抗生物質としてはエリスロマイシン、クリンダマイシンが挙げられる。その他の抗生物質としてプロタミン硫酸塩、ポリリジン、グリシン、ソルビン酸が挙げられる。   As the nutritional component, peptone, yeast extract, animal meat extract, fish meat extract and the like are preferable. Examples of the inorganic salts include inorganic acid metal salts such as sodium chloride and sodium thiosulfate; organic acid metal salts such as ammonium iron citrate and sodium citrate. As the saccharide, monosaccharide and oligosaccharide can be used, and examples thereof include lactose, sucrose (sucrose), xylose, cellobiose, maltose and the like. Examples of gram-negative bacterial antibiotics include polymyxin B sulfate, colistin sulfate, aztreonam, carmonam, and nalidixic acid. Examples of gram-positive bacteria antibiotics include erythromycin and clindamycin. Other antibiotics include protamine sulfate, polylysine, glycine, and sorbic acid.

本発明培地の形態は特に限定されず、通常の寒天培地の他、シート状簡易培地((特開昭57−502200号)(特開平6−181741号)例えばメッシュを有する繊維状吸水シートに担持させた構造(特開平9−19282号、特開2000−325072))とすることもできる。   The form of the culture medium of the present invention is not particularly limited. In addition to a normal agar medium, a simple sheet medium (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-502200) (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-181741), for example, supported on a fibrous water-absorbing sheet having a mesh It is also possible to use a structure (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 9-19282 and 2000-325072).

本発明培地を用いて、被検体中の腸球菌又は薬剤耐性腸球菌を検出するには、当該培地に検体を添加して35±2℃、24〜48時間培養した後に、コロニーの着色を観察すればよい。   To detect enterococci or drug-resistant enterococci in a subject using the culture medium of the present invention, the specimen is added to the medium and cultured at 35 ± 2 ° C. for 24 to 48 hours. do it.

本発明培地に適用される検体としては、魚介類等の生鮮食料品、海水、調理場、病院などのふき取り検体等が挙げられるが、これらの検体を予めトリプトソーヤブイヨン培地で培養した培養液やさらにこれを増菌用培地で培養した培養液も用いることができる。   Samples applied to the culture medium of the present invention include fresh foods such as fish and shellfish, seawater, wiping samples of kitchens, hospitals, etc., and culture solutions obtained by culturing these samples in a tryptosome broth medium in advance. Furthermore, a culture solution obtained by culturing this in a medium for enrichment can also be used.

次に実施例を挙げて本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。   EXAMPLES Next, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated in detail, this invention is not limited to these Examples.

実施例1
(1)培地の作製
ペプトン10g、酵母エキス5g、塩化ナトリウム5g、リン酸水素二カリウム4g、リン酸二水素カリウム1.5g、クエン酸鉄アンモニウム0.5g、アジ化ナトリウム0.045g、5−ブロモ−4−クロロ−3−インドキシル−β−D−グルコピラノシド0.3g、寒天15gを1リットルの精製水に加え20%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液にてpHを8.0に合わせた後、100℃、20分間加温溶解する。溶解後培地が冷めたことを確認し、ろ過滅菌したゲンタマイシン硫酸塩を0.0009g/Lになるように加え良く撹拌した後、プラスチックシャーレ(90φmm)に20mLずつ分注して培地が固まるまで静置し、本発明の腸球菌用培地を作製した。
Example 1
(1) Preparation of medium 10 g of peptone, 5 g of yeast extract, 5 g of sodium chloride, 4 g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 1.5 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 g of ammonium iron citrate, 0.045 g of sodium azide, 5- Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-β-D-glucopyranoside 0.3 g and agar 15 g were added to 1 liter of purified water, and the pH was adjusted to 8.0 with 20% aqueous sodium carbonate solution. Dissolve by warming for 20 minutes. After dissolution, confirm that the medium has cooled, add gentamicin sulfate sterilized by filtration to 0.0009 g / L, stir well, and then dispense 20 mL each into a plastic petri dish (90 mm), until the medium has solidified. The medium for enterococci of the present invention was prepared.

(2)菌株の供試
供試菌株はトリプトソイブイヨン(ビブリオ属は3%食塩加トリプトソイブイヨン)で24時間前培養したものを用い、これを生理食塩水で希釈し本発明の腸球菌用培地に接種した。
(2) Test of strains The test strains were pre-cultured with tryptosoy bouillon (3% salted tryptosoy bouillon for 24 hours) and diluted with physiological saline for enterococci of the present invention. The medium was inoculated.

Figure 2008131897
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ミクロプランターを用いて各菌株を供試したところ、本発明培地上では腸球菌は青色の発色コロニーを形成し、その他の菌株は発育阻止されるか腸球菌とは異なる性状のコロニーを形成する。また、ゲンタマイシンを欠いた場合腸球菌以外の株が青色コロニーを形成する。   When each strain was tested using a microplanter, enterococci formed blue colored colonies on the medium of the present invention, and other strains were inhibited from growth or formed colonies having properties different from those of enterococci. In addition, when gentamicin is absent, strains other than enterococci form blue colonies.

実施例2
本発明培地組成をメッシュを有する繊維状吸水シートに担持させた構造(特開2000−325072)を利用した簡易培地に適用した場合のコロニーの性状及び発育菌数を測定した。
Example 2
The properties of colonies and the number of growing bacteria were measured when the medium composition of the present invention was applied to a simple medium utilizing a structure (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-325072) supported on a fibrous water-absorbing sheet having a mesh.

Figure 2008131897
Figure 2008131897

Figure 2008131897
Figure 2008131897

本発明腸球菌用培地組成は寒天のみならず簡易培地にも応用可能である。またアジ化ナトリウムは0.001〜0.099%の範囲で含まなければ腸球菌以外において青色の発色が出てしまうことがわかる。   The medium composition for enterococci of the present invention can be applied not only to agar but also to a simple medium. Further, it can be seen that if sodium azide is not included in the range of 0.001 to 0.099%, a blue color develops except for enterococci.

実施例3
本発明培地組成をメッシュを有する繊維状吸水シートに担持させた構造(特開2000−325072)を利用した簡易培地に適用した場合のコロニーの性状を測定した。
Example 3
The properties of the colony were measured when the medium composition of the present invention was applied to a simple medium using a structure (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-325072) supported on a fibrous water-absorbing sheet having a mesh.

Figure 2008131897
Figure 2008131897

Figure 2008131897
Figure 2008131897

腸球菌のみが発育に影響を与えることなく青色コロニーを形成した。   Only enterococci formed blue colonies without affecting growth.

実施例4
本発明培地組成をメッシュを有する繊維状吸水シートに担持させた構造(特開2000−325072)を利用した簡易培地に適用し、バンコマイシン添加の有無を比較した。
Example 4
The medium composition of the present invention was applied to a simple medium utilizing a structure (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-325072) supported on a fibrous water-absorbing sheet having a mesh, and the presence or absence of vancomycin addition was compared.

Figure 2008131897
Figure 2008131897

Figure 2008131897
Figure 2008131897

本発明腸球菌用培地にバンコマイシンなどの抗生物質を加えることにより、特定の抗生物質に対する耐性腸球菌用培地として適用できることを示している。   This shows that by adding an antibiotic such as vancomycin to the medium for enterococci of the present invention, it can be applied as a medium for resistant enterococci to specific antibiotics.

Claims (4)

アジ化ナトリウムを0.001〜0.099重量%、アミノグリコシド系抗生物質を使用時の濃度として0.01〜1,000mg/L、及びβ−グルコシダーゼの基質となる色原体化合物を含有する腸球菌検出用培地。   An intestine containing 0.001 to 0.099% by weight of sodium azide, 0.01 to 1,000 mg / L of aminoglycoside antibiotic when used, and a chromogenic compound serving as a substrate for β-glucosidase Media for detecting cocci. さらに、グリコペプチド系抗生物質を含有し、薬剤耐性腸球菌検出用である請求項1記載の腸球菌検出用培地。   The medium for detecting enterococci according to claim 1, further comprising a glycopeptide antibiotic, for detecting drug-resistant enterococci. アジ化ナトリウムを0.001〜0.099重量%、アミノグリコシド系抗生物質を使用時の濃度として0.01〜1,000mg/L、及びβ−グルコシダーゼの基質となる色原体化合物を含有する培地に被検試料を接種して培養することを特徴とする腸球菌の検出方法。   Medium containing 0.001 to 0.099% by weight of sodium azide, 0.01 to 1,000 mg / L of aminoglycoside antibiotic when used, and a chromogenic compound serving as a substrate for β-glucosidase A method for detecting enterococci, which comprises inoculating a test sample and culturing. 培地がさらにグリコペプチド系抗生物質を含有するものであり、検出対象が薬剤耐性腸球菌である請求項3記載の検出方法。   The detection method according to claim 3, wherein the medium further contains a glycopeptide antibiotic, and the detection target is a drug-resistant enterococci.
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