JP2008120971A - Lubricating oil composition for transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a lubricating oil composition for a transmission that can achieve both a high static friction coefficient and good μ-V characteristics at a high level.
A lubricating oil composition for a transmission according to the present invention is formed by blending a reaction product of a succinimide compound with a phosphorus and sulfur-containing compound in a base oil. Since this composition has a high coefficient of static friction (high wet friction material torque capacity) and good μ-V characteristics (friction adjustment ability), it can be suitably used as an automatic transmission oil or a continuously variable transmission oil.
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Description

  The present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition for a transmission. Specifically, a transmission lubricating oil having a high static friction coefficient (high wet friction material torque capacity) and a good μ (friction coefficient) -V (sliding speed) characteristic and used as an automatic transmission oil or a continuously variable transmission oil. Relates to the composition.

In recent years, against the background of the global carbon dioxide emission problem and the increase in global energy demand, there has been an increasing demand for fuel saving in automobiles. Among them, the transmission is also required to improve the power transmission efficiency as compared with the prior art, and the lubricating oil which is an important component of the transmission is also required to have a high torque capacity.
Conventionally, lubricating oils for automatic transmissions or continuously variable transmissions have been provided with friction modifiers such as phosphate esters, fatty acid esters, fatty acid amides, imide-based dispersants, and / or Or the metal detergents, such as its derivative and calcium sulfonate, were mix | blended (for example, patent documents 1-3).

JP-A-2005-146148 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-265793 JP-A-10-219269

In order to increase the static friction coefficient of the lubricating oil, it is conceivable to add a large amount of a succinimide dispersant or a metal additive, or to reduce the amount of the friction modifier added. However, the compounding formulations disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 cannot achieve both a sufficiently high static friction coefficient and other required friction characteristics (μ-V characteristics, friction performance maintenance). That is, increasing the additive amount of the metal additive increases the aggressiveness of the lubricant to the friction material, and increasing the additive amount of the succinimide dispersant or decreasing the additive amount of the friction modifier makes it resistant to shudder. This is because problems such as deterioration in performance (μ-V characteristics) and anti-shudder life occur.
That is, the lubricating oils known so far are insufficient for improving the coefficient of static friction required as transmission oil. Further, conventionally known succinimide dispersants do not contribute to the improvement of the coefficient of static friction of the lubricating oil.
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil composition for a transmission having a high coefficient of static friction and sufficient friction adjustment ability (μ-V characteristics).

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following lubricating oil composition for a transmission.
1. A lubricating oil composition for a transmission comprising a base oil containing phosphorus and sulfur-containing derivatives of a succinimide compound.
2. 2. The lubricating oil composition for transmission oil according to 1 above, wherein the phosphorus and sulfur-containing derivative of the succinimide compound is a reaction product of a succinimide compound and phosphorus and a sulfur-containing compound. Lubricating oil composition for transmission oil.
3. 3. The transmission oil lubricating oil composition as described in 2 above, wherein the phosphorus and sulfur-containing compound is phosphorus sulfide.
4). 3. The transmission oil lubricating oil composition as described in 2 above, wherein the phosphorus and sulfur-containing compound is a phosphorylated hydrocarbon compound.
5. 5. The transmission oil lubricating oil composition as described in 4 above, wherein the phosphorylated hydrocarbon compound is a phosphorylated pinene.
6). The lubricating oil composition for transmission oil according to any one of 1 to 5, wherein the lubricating oil composition for transmission oil is an automatic transmission oil or a continuously variable transmission oil.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the lubricating oil composition for transmissions which exhibits a high static friction coefficient (high wet friction material torque capacity) and a favorable micro-V characteristic can be provided. In particular, it is preferable as a lubricating oil composition for a transmission used for automatic transmission oil or continuously variable transmission oil.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the lubricating oil composition for a transmission according to the present invention will be described in detail.
The lubricating oil composition for transmission oil of the present invention is obtained by blending phosphorus and sulfur-containing derivatives of a succinimide compound with a base oil. The phosphorus and sulfur-containing derivative of the succinimide compound used as an additive is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound containing phosphorus and sulfur and a succinimide moiety, and a succinimide compound and a compound having phosphorus and sulfur It is preferable to use the reaction product in that the coefficient of static friction of the lubricating oil can be increased. As the compound having phosphorus and sulfur elements, phosphorus sulfide or a phosphosulfurized hydrocarbon compound is preferable in terms of achieving both a high static friction coefficient and good μ-V characteristics, and phosphideated pinene is particularly high in static friction. This is most preferable since both the coefficient and the good μ-V characteristic are compatible at a high level.
Next, preferred embodiments of the structure and production method of phosphorus and sulfur-containing derivatives of succinimide compounds will be described.

The phosphorus and sulfur-containing derivative of the succinimide compound blended in the transmission oil lubricating oil composition in the present embodiment is a reaction between (A) a succinimide compound and (B) a compound containing phosphorus and a sulfur element. Product.
(A) The succinimide compound used as the raw material may be either a non-boronated succinimide compound or a boronated succinimide compound.
Examples of the non-boron succinimide compound include succinimide compounds represented by the following formula (1) and the following formula (2).

In the above formulas (1) and (2), R ¹ and R ³ are each an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 5 to 350 carbon atoms, and R ⁴ is hydrogen or an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 5 to 350 carbon atoms. is there. R ³ and R ⁴ may be the same or different from each other. R ² , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each a divalent organic group. R ⁵ and R ⁶ may be the same as or different from each other. m is an integer of 1 to 10, and n is 0 or an integer of 1 to 10.
The alkyl group or alkenyl group is preferably a polyalkenyl group from the viewpoint of operability (fluidity) during production, and particularly preferably a polybutenyl group or a polyisobutenyl group.

  The succinimide compound represented by the above formulas (1) and (2) can be easily produced by reacting alkenyl or alkyl succinic acid, or alkenyl or alkyl succinic anhydride with a corresponding amine. Can do. Examples of amines include ethylenediamine, propanediamine, butanediamine, N-methyl-1,3-propanediamine, N, N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, and aminoethyl. Examples include polyalkylene polyamines such as piperazine and tetraethylenepentamine.

The boronated succinimide compound can be obtained by reacting a boron-containing compound with the above-described non-borated succinimide compound at a temperature of usually 50 to 250 ° C, preferably 100 to 200 ° C. . As the boron-containing compound, at least one selected from boron oxide, boron halide, boric acid, boric anhydride, boric acid ester and the like can be suitably used.
As such a raw material (A), one kind of the above-mentioned boronated or non-borated succinimide compounds may be used, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.

On the other hand, examples of the phosphorus and sulfur-containing compounds used as the raw material (B) include phosphorus sulfide and phosphosulfurized hydrocarbon compounds.
Examples of phosphorus sulfide include P ₂ S ₃ , P ₂ S ₅ , P ₄ S ₇ and P ₄ S ₁₀ . Among these phosphorus sulfides, P ₂ S ₅ is preferable.
There are various types of phosphosulfided hydrocarbons, but those having a structure in which two alkyl groups are bonded to a phosphorus atom are preferable in terms of achieving both a high static friction coefficient and good μ-V characteristics.

Examples of such a compound include a reaction product of olefin and phosphorus sulfide. For example, propylene, butene, isobutylene or their (co) polymer, decene, cetene, octadecene, terpenes (such as pinene), vinyl norbornene or camphene are used as olefins, and P ₂ S ₃ , P ₂ S as phosphorus sulfides. ₅ , P ₄ S _7, P ₄ S ₁₀ or the like is used, and these are reacted in a nitrogen gas stream in a temperature atmosphere of about 100 to 300 ° C., thereby obtaining a phosphorylated hydrocarbon compound. Here, as a raw material, α-pinene is a preferable olefin in that a high static friction coefficient can be imparted to the lubricating oil, and P ₂ S ₅ is a preferable phosphorus sulfide for the same reason.
(B) As a raw material, 1 type of above-mentioned phosphorus and sulfur containing compounds may be used, and 2 or more types may be combined. Phosphorous sulfide and phosphosulfurized hydrocarbon compounds are preferably used in that a high static friction coefficient can be imparted to the lubricating oil, and phosphosulfinated pinene is particularly preferably used.

The lubricating oil additive blended in the lubricating oil composition for transmission oil according to the present invention is preferably a 1:10 to 10: 1 molar ratio of the above-mentioned (A) raw material and (B) raw material in a molar ratio. Is a reaction product obtained by reacting at a ratio of 1: 3 to 3: 1. A lubricant additive having desired performance can be obtained by reacting the raw material (A) with the raw material (B) at a ratio in this range.
This reaction is usually carried out at a temperature in the range of about 50 to 250 ° C, preferably 100 to 200 ° C. At this time, if necessary, an organic solvent such as a hydrocarbon compound can be used.

  The blending amount of the lubricating oil additive in the lubricating oil composition for transmission oil of the present invention is 0 on the basis of the lubricating oil composition from the standpoint of maintaining a high coefficient of static friction and effectively exhibiting good μ-V characteristics. The range of 0.01 to 30% by mass is preferable, and the range of 0.05 to 10% by mass is more preferable. If the blending amount exceeds 30% by mass, it will be difficult to exhibit desired performance as a lubricating oil composition (coexistence of high static friction coefficient and good μ-V characteristics). On the other hand, if the blending amount is less than 0.05% by mass, a high coefficient of static friction cannot be obtained.

As the base oil in the lubricating oil composition for transmission oil of the present invention, either mineral oil or synthetic oil can be used.
As the mineral oil used as the base oil, conventionally known various oils can be used, and examples thereof include paraffin-based mineral oil, intermediate-based mineral oil, and naphthene-based mineral oil.
Specifically, light neutral oil, intermediate neutral oil, heavy neutral oil, bright stock, etc. by solvent refining or hydrogen refining can be mentioned.
As the synthetic oil, various conventionally known oils can be used. For example, poly α-olefin (including α-olefin copolymer), polybutene, polyol ester, dibasic acid ester, phosphate ester, Polyphenyl ether, alkylbenzene, alkylnaphthalene, polyoxyalkylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, silicone oil, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, hindered ester, and the like can be used.
These base oils can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds, and mineral oil and synthetic oil may be used in combination.

As said base oil, it is preferable that dynamic viscosity in 100 degreeC is 1-30 mm < ² > / s. When the kinematic viscosity is in the above range, friction at sliding parts such as gear bearings and clutches of the automatic transmission can be sufficiently reduced and the low temperature characteristics are also improved. Kinematic viscosity is more preferably 2 to 20 mm ² / s at 100 ° C., particularly preferably 3 to 10 mm ² / s. If this kinematic viscosity exceeds 30 mm ² / s, the fuel efficiency deteriorates and the low temperature viscosity becomes too high. On the other hand, if the kinematic viscosity is less than 1 mm ² / s, the lubrication performance deteriorates due to increased wear at sliding parts such as gear bearings and clutches of automatic transmissions, and evaporability increases, resulting in increased consumption of lubricating oil. May increase.
Also, C _A is preferably not more than 20% of the base oil, or more preferably 10% or less. % Low-temperature characteristics will be good if _{C A} is 20% or less.

  In the lubricating oil composition for transmission oil of the present invention, for the purpose of further improving its performance, if necessary, an ashless dispersant other than phosphorus and sulfur-containing derivatives of succinimide compounds, metallic detergents, friction Various additives represented by regulators, viscosity index improvers, extreme pressure additives, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, antifoaming agents, colorants, etc. may be used alone or in combination of several kinds. The lubricating oil composition for a transmission of the present invention does not hinder these effects.

Examples of the antioxidant include amine-based antioxidants such as alkylated diphenylamine, phenyl-α-naphthylamine, alkylated-α-naphthylamine, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, 4,4 ′. -Phenolic antioxidants such as -methylenebis (2,6-di-t-butylphenol) are used, and these are usually used in a proportion of 0.05 to 25 % by mass.

  Friction preparation agents include fatty acid esters, fatty acid amides, phosphorous compounds such as phosphate esters, phosphite esters, and thiophosphate esters, organomolybdenum compounds such as MoDTP and MoDTC, organozinc compounds such as ZnDTP, and alkyl mercaptyl borates. Examples of the organic boron compound such as graphite, molybdenum disulfide, antimony sulfide, boron compound, polytetrafluoroethylene and other solid lubricant friction modifiers, etc. Used in proportions.

Examples of the metal detergent include calcium sulfonate, magnesium sulfonate, barium sulfonate, calcium salicylate, magnesium salicylate, calcium phenate, barium phenate, etc., and these are usually 0.1 to 10 mass. Used in percentages.
Examples of the viscosity index improver include polymethacrylate-based, polyisobutylene-based, ethylene-propylene copolymer system, styrene-butadiene hydrogenated copolymer system, etc., and these are usually 0.5 to 35% by mass. Used in proportions.
The various additives as described above may be blended alone or in combination, and the lubricating oil additive of the present invention does not inhibit these effects.

  Since the lubricating oil composition for a transmission of the present invention thus prepared has a high coefficient of static friction, it has a high wet friction material torque capacity, and also has a good μ-V characteristic. Suitable for automatic transmission oil and continuously variable transmission oil. Further, it can be preferably used as a lubricating oil for construction machines, agricultural machines, manual transmissions, two-wheeled gasoline engines, diesel engines, gas engines, shock absorber oils, etc., equipped with a transmission having a wet clutch and a wet brake.

  EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited at all by these examples. Specifically, as shown below, after each additive was prepared (manufactured) and blended with the base oil, a simple evaluation for measuring the friction coefficient was performed (Examples 1 to 6, Comparative Examples 1 to 6). 6). Furthermore, a lubricating oil composition was prepared with a formulation assuming an actual transmission oil formulation, and practical evaluation was also performed (Examples 7 to 12, Comparative Examples 7 and 8).

[Examples 1 to 6, Comparative Examples 1 to 6: Simple evaluation]
The manufacturing method and test method of the additive used in the examples are shown below.
<Manufacture of lubricating oil additive a>
In a separable flask of 500 ml, 0.12 mol of boronated succinimide (substituent is a polyisobutenyl group having a molecular weight of 960, boron content: 0.6% by mass) and 0.06 mol of phosphideated pinene are added, and nitrogen is added. The reaction was carried out at 170 ° C. for 8 hours under an air stream. By-product hydrogen sulfide was removed under reduced pressure at 150 ° C. In this way, additive a, which is a reaction product of boronated succinimide and phosphosulfinated pinene, was produced. The infrared absorption spectrum of the additive a is shown in FIG.

<Manufacture of lubricating oil additive b>
In a 500 ml separable flask, 0.12 mol of boronated succinimide (substituent is a polyisobutenyl group having a molecular weight of 960, boron content of 0.4% by mass) and 0.06 mol of phosphideated pinene are added, and nitrogen is added. The reaction was carried out at 170 ° C. for 8 hours under an air stream. By-product hydrogen sulfide was removed under reduced pressure at 150 ° C. In this way, additive b, which is a reaction product of boronated succinimide and phosphosulfinated pinene, was produced.

<Manufacture of lubricating oil additive c>
In a 500-ml separable flask, 0.12 mol of boronated succinimide (substituent is a polyisobutenyl group having a molecular weight of 960, boron content of 0.4% by mass) and 0.12 mol of phosphideated pinene are added, and nitrogen is added. The reaction was carried out at 170 ° C. for 8 hours under an air stream. By-product hydrogen sulfide was removed under reduced pressure at 150 ° C. In this way, lubricating oil additive c, which is a reaction product of boronated succinimide and phosphinated pinene, was produced.

<Manufacture of lubricating oil additive d>
In a 500 ml separable flask, 0.12 mol of boronated succinimide (substituent is a polyisobutenyl group having a molecular weight of 960, boron content of 2.0% by mass) and 0.06 mol of phosphinated pinene are added, and nitrogen is added. The reaction was carried out at 170 ° C. for 8 hours under an air stream. By-product hydrogen sulfide was removed under reduced pressure at 150 ° C. In this way, additive d, which is a reaction product of boronated succinimide and phosphosulfinated pinene, was produced.

<Manufacture of lubricating oil additive e>
A 500 ml separable flask was charged with 0.12 mol of boronated succinimide (substituent having a molecular weight of 960 polyisobutenyl group, boron content of 0.6 mass%) and 0.08 mol of diphosphorus pentasulfide, and a nitrogen stream The reaction was carried out at 170 ° C. for 8 hours. By-product hydrogen sulfide was removed under reduced pressure at 150 ° C. In this manner, additive e, which is a reaction product of boronated succinimide and diphosphorus pentasulfide, was produced.

<Manufacture of lubricating oil additive f>
A 500 ml separable flask was charged with 0.12 mol of boronated succinimide (substituent having a molecular weight of 960 polyisobutenyl group, boron content of 1.0 mass%) and 0.08 mol of diphosphorus pentasulfide, and a nitrogen stream The reaction was carried out at 170 ° C. for 8 hours. By-product hydrogen sulfide was removed under reduced pressure at 150 ° C. In this way, additive f, which is a reaction product of boronated succinimide and diphosphorus pentasulfide, was produced.

<Preparation of lubricating oil composition>
A mineral oil of 150 neutral fraction (100 ° C. kinematic viscosity 5.2 mm ² / s) was used as the base oil, and additives a to f obtained by the above production method were used, and the nitrogen amount derived from the additive was 1500 mass ppm. A lubricating oil composition was prepared by blending so as to be (Examples 1 to 6). In addition, as a comparative example, a lubricating oil composition in which the following succinimide-based additives g to m are blended with the same base oil as in the examples so that the nitrogen amount derived from the additive is 1500 ppm by mass. Lubricating oil compositions were prepared (Comparative Examples 1-6). These compounding formulations are shown in Table 1.
Additive g: Boronated succinic acid monoimide having a lipophilic group molecular weight of about 1000
(Boron content 0.4% by mass)
Additive h: Boronated succinic acid monoimide having a lipophilic group molecular weight of about 1000
(Boron content 2.0% by mass)
Additive i: Boronated succinic acid bisimide having a lipophilic group molecular weight of about 1000
(Boron content 0.3% by mass)
Additive j: Succinic acid monoimide having a lipophilic group molecular weight of about 1000 Additive k: Succinic acid bisimide having a lipophilic group molecular weight of about 1000 Additive l: Borated succinic acid monoimide having a lipophilic group molecular weight of about 1000
(Boron content 1.0% by mass)
Additive m: Phosphorus sulfide pinene

<Slip test>
Using a low-speed slip tester, the slip test was performed under the following conditions to obtain the friction coefficient (μ2) at 2 rpm and the ratio (μ ratio, μ2 / μ50) between the friction coefficient (μ50) at μ2 and 50 rpm. It was. Table 1 shows the results.
-Friction material: Commercially available cellulose-based wet paper material, steel plate-Test temperature: 120 ° C
・ Surface pressure: 0.98 MPa
・ Measurement: 1 to 300 rpm, step

[Simple evaluation results]
From the results of Table 1, in the systems using the lubricating oil compositions of Examples 1 to 6, the value of μ2, which can be said to be substantially the static friction coefficient, is high (the wet friction material has a high torque capacity). Recognize. In addition, regarding the μ ratio, the lubricating oil compositions of the examples all show a preferable value of 1 or less.
On the other hand, the lubricating oil compositions (Comparative Examples 1 to 5) containing only the imide-based additive have a low μ2 (static friction coefficient) and a μ ratio larger than 1. In addition, the lubricating oil composition (Comparative Example 6) that simply contains each of the boronated imide and the phosphorylated pinene without reacting each other has a low μ2 (coefficient of static friction).

[Examples 7 to 12, Comparative Examples 7 and 8: Practical evaluation]
In addition to the above evaluation, the lubricating oil composition prepared assuming an actual additive formulation was also evaluated. Examples 11 and 12 and Comparative Example 8 are evaluations assuming an automatic transmission oil.
As the base oil, a mixed oil of mineral oil of 100 neutral fraction (100 ° C. kinematic viscosity 4.1 mm ² / s) and 60 neutral fraction mineral oil (100 ° C. kinematic viscosity 2.7 mm ² / s) was used. Next, in the additive formulations of Examples 7 to 12, additive a used in Example 1 was blended with the base oil. In the additive formulations of Comparative Examples 7 and 8, additive a was not blended. As a practical evaluation, the performance of each lubricating oil composition as a lubricating oil for transmissions was evaluated by the following method. Tables 2 and 3 show the base oil, additive formulation and evaluation results.

<Performance evaluation method>
Using a SAE No.2 testing machine, measure the static friction coefficient (μs) at static and the dynamic friction coefficient (μd at 1200 rpm) under dynamic conditions under the test conditions shown below to obtain the static friction coefficient (μ0). It was. The performance was evaluated based on the μs value at 3000 cycles (Examples 11 and 12 and Comparative Example 8 were measured at 5000 cycles). A higher μs value indicates a higher torque capacity. A μ ratio (μ0 / μd) is acceptable if it is 1.02 or less.
-Friction material: Commercially available cellulose-based wet paper material, steel plate-Test temperature: 100 ° C
Surface pressure: 1.3 MPa (Examples 7 to 10, Comparative Example 7)
1.22 MPa (Examples 11 and 12, Comparative Example 8)
Dynamic rotational speed: 2940 rpm (Examples 7 to 10, Comparative Example 7)
2260 rpm (Examples 11 and 12, Comparative Example 8)
・ Static rotation speed: 0.7rpm
Inertia: 0.122 kg · m ² (Examples 7 to 10, Comparative Example 7)
0.343 kg · m ² (Examples 11 and 12, Comparative Example 8)

[Results of practical evaluation]
As can be seen from Table 2, each of the lubricating oil compositions of the Examples had a high μs, and a good μ ratio and μd value. In Examples 8 and 9 in which the additive amount of additive a was increased, μs was higher than the additive amount of additive a. It can be seen that the μ ratio is an acceptable range and the μd value is also good. Example 10 was a lubricating oil composition excluding the isostearic acid amide friction modifier, but had a high μs, a μ ratio in an acceptable range, and a good μd value. Therefore, it can be understood that the additive a has a good friction adjusting ability. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 7, since the reaction product of the succinimide compound and the phosphorus and sulfur-containing compound is not blended in the base oil, both μs and μd are low.

Moreover, Example 11 (40 degreeC kinematic viscosity 28.31mm < ² > / s, 100 degreeC kinematic viscosity 5.660mm < ² > / s) and Example 12 (40 degreeC kinematic viscosity 26.11mm < ² > / s, 100 degreeC kinematics) in Table 3 Viscosity 5.455 mm ² / s) is a case where a lubricating oil composition having a formulation especially assuming an automatic transmission oil is used. The lubricating oil composition of Example 11 and Example 12 was a lubricating oil composition in which the total amount of additive a was replaced by non-borated succinimide (40 ° C. kinematic viscosity 26.62 mm ² / s, 100 ° C. kinematic viscosity 5.493 mm ² / s), μs was high, μ ratio was excellent, and μd value was also good.
Therefore, it can be seen that the lubricating oil compositions of Example 11 and Example 12 containing additive a have excellent μs improvement performance as an automatic transmission oil.

  The lubricating oil composition for a transmission of the present invention can be suitably used for an automatic transmission and a continuously variable transmission that require both a high coefficient of static friction and good μ-V characteristics.

The infrared absorption spectrum of the additive a in an Example.

Claims (6)

  A lubricating oil composition for a transmission comprising a base oil containing phosphorus and sulfur-containing derivatives of a succinimide compound. In the lubricating oil composition for a transmission according to claim 1,
A lubricating oil composition for a transmission, wherein the phosphorus and sulfur-containing derivative of the succinimide compound is a reaction product of a succinimide compound and a phosphorus and sulfur-containing compound. The lubricating oil composition for a transmission according to claim 2,
A lubricating oil composition for a transmission, wherein the phosphorus and sulfur-containing compound is phosphorus sulfide. The lubricating oil composition for a transmission according to claim 2,
A lubricating oil composition for a transmission, wherein the phosphorus and sulfur-containing compound is a phosphosulfurized hydrocarbon compound. The lubricating oil composition for a transmission according to claim 4,
A lubricating oil composition for a transmission, wherein the phosphosulfurized hydrocarbon compound is phosphinated pinene.   6. A transmission lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, wherein the transmission lubricating oil composition is an automatic transmission oil or a continuously variable transmission oil.

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