JP2008115628A - Construction method for elevated structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a construction method for an elevated structure, achieving inexpensive and quick construction not being an obstacle to a railroad and a road on the ground in a simple process and constitution. <P>SOLUTION: This construction method for an elevated bridge includes: a construction process S10 for an initial elevated bridge as the first work area right above a railroad line 38; an extension construction process S20 for an elevated bridge by repeating a construction process S21 for a temporary pile using a crane pile driver 20 loaded on the initial elevated bridge 46, and a floor slab erection process S22 for erecting a beam panel 42 and a lining plate 44 on the constructed temporary pile 50, while moving the crane type pile driver 20; a final pile driving process S30 for driving a final pile 34 from above the constructed elevated bridge 56; a final pole changingly receiving process S40 for erecting a final pole 36 in the final pile 34 to change with the temporary pile 50; a temporary pile removable process S50 for removing the temporary pile 50; and a floor slab finishing process S60 for laying a final floor slab 62. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for constructing an elevated structure.

  Recently, as one of the solutions to the so-called “opening without crossing”, there is an increasing demand for elevated railway tracks. For the construction method of overpassing the existing railway to the railway viaduct, there is a temporary line construction method that secures a site for the temporary line next to the existing railway line, switches the railway line, secures construction space on the existing site, and then constructs the viaduct. In addition, there is a directly overpass construction method in which the railway is closed and the viaduct is constructed at night time that does not hinder the operation of the railway.

  However, when implementing such a viaduct construction method in an urban area, the temporary wire construction method requires time and cost to acquire a site for securing the site, and even in the overhead overhead construction method, the time from the last train to the first train is short, Time required for work such as loading and unloading heavy machinery and materials into and out of the current track, and changeovers is limited, and the construction period takes days.

On the other hand, conventionally, for example, construction techniques for viaducts on railway tracks as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have been proposed.
Patent Document 1 discloses a method of constructing a viaduct by building precast columns on both sides of a route and laying precast beams and precast slabs on the built precast columns. In this method, all the columns, beams, and slabs are pre-manufactured as pre-casts, thereby saving labor on site and shortening the work period.
Further, in Patent Document 2, rails are laid on both sides of the operation line, and a gate-type construction work straddling the upper part of the operation line is set so as to run freely, and the construction work is moved. However, a method for constructing a structure such as a high bridge is disclosed. This enables three-dimensional construction of the track by various machines mounted on the work platform while traveling on the work platform without interfering with the train operation day or night.

Furthermore, for example, Patent Document 3 proposes a technique for performing an extension construction of a viaduct by effectively utilizing the existing viaduct as a work space.
In the technique described in Patent Document 3, a pier panel constructed between pillars is designed to have a size corresponding to one span of the pillars, and is installed by a crane mounted on an existing pier panel already constructed. The newly constructed pier panel is connected to the existing pier panel and cantilevered with a reaction pole installed on the existing pier panel while being tilted with wires etc. Insert the steel pipe that will become the column body into the lower ground by inserting it into the column body connection part at the tip of the installation direction of the building, connect the installed column body and the new pier panel at the column body connection part, A new pier panel will be installed between the pillars, and the viaduct will be built by repeating these series of operations. This is especially true when the forest is vegetated under a pier such as a mountainous area, or when it is sloped, so it is possible to extend the pier from the top of the pier. It is intended to minimize ground formation and shorten the construction period.
JP 11-247109 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-30707 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-46523

  However, in the construction method of the viaduct described in Patent Document 1, no measures are taken so as not to hinder the operation of the railway on the railway track.

  In addition, in the construction method of the viaduct described in Patent Document 2, it is necessary to replace the overhead line and lay the track for the construction platform before installing the construction platform, and the construction is large. There is a risk that the construction period will be prolonged and the construction cost will increase.

  In addition, in the construction method of the viaduct described in Patent Document 3, it is possible to construct the viaduct so as not to hinder the operation of the railway by applying this construction method to the construction of the viaduct of the railway track. When extending a new pier panel from the existing pier panel, the new pier panel moved to the connection position by the crane is once slanted with a wire etc. to the reaction pole installed on the existing pier panel A process of cantilevering and temporarily erection is required. For this reason, it is necessary to prepare and procure materials for reaction force poles and wires, etc., and it takes time and effort to temporarily mount these reaction force poles while they are slanted with wires, etc. There is also a possibility of causing an increase in the construction time and prolonging the construction period.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is possible to construct an elevated structure that can be constructed quickly and at low cost so as not to hinder the use of ground tracks, roads, etc., with simple processes and configurations. It aims to provide a method.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a method for constructing an elevated structure,
A pile driving machine capable of driving a pile to the ground at a position horizontally spaced from the floor slab and a crane are mounted on a pile placed on the ground and a floor slab installed on the pile. 1 process,
Using a pile driving machine mounted on the installed floor slab, it protrudes upward from the ground to a predetermined position on the ground that is separated from the installed floor slab in the extension direction of the elevated structure. A second step of driving a pile to make the part function as a pillar;
A third step of laying a new floor slab on the pile driven in the second step, using the crane;
A fourth step of moving the pile driver and the crane to the floor slab installed in the third step;
The second to fourth steps are repeated to extend and construct the elevated structure (first invention).

  According to the method for constructing an elevated structure according to the present invention, once a pile driving machine and a crane are mounted on the floor slab, a pile is placed on the ground or a new floor slab is installed on the placed pile. Since it can be carried out from the floor slab, it will not interfere with the use of service lines and roads under the slab during installation after installation. As a result, the elevated structure can be installed regardless of day or night, and the construction cost can be reduced while shortening the construction period. In addition, since the space on the floor slab installed on the working track or road can be used as a work base or the like, the site to be secured other than the site of the working track or road can be saved, which contributes to shortening the construction period and cost.

  Moreover, according to the construction method of the elevated structure according to the present invention, after placing the pile from the floor slab to the ground in the construction direction of the elevated structure by the pile driving machine, a new floor slab is placed on the pile by the crane. Because it is the construction sequence to install, when installing a new floor slab, there is no need for a process such as installing a wire etc. on the reaction pole on the existing floor slab and making it cantilever while tilting. Construction costs such as materials necessary for this process can be reduced and construction period can be shortened.

  A second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, the pile driving machine and the crane are combined with a mobile crane having a pile driving function.

  According to the construction method of the elevated structure according to the present invention, by using a mobile crane having a pile driver at the tip of the boom, the pile driver and the crane can be used together. The total weight can be reduced. As a result, the load bearing capacity of one floor slab can be set small, so that construction can be simplified. Moreover, since the occupied area is reduced by performing the work with one unit, the space on the floor slab can be widely used.

  According to a third invention, in the first or second invention, the pile is a temporary pile, and after the floor slab is installed, a main pillar is built from the floor slab, and the floor slab is formed with the permanent pillar. And the temporary pile is removed.

  In a fourth aspect of the present invention, the temporary pile according to the third aspect of the present invention has a spiral wing or a plurality of inclined wings at the lower end, and can be penetrated into the ground or extracted from the ground by rotating around the tube axis. It is characterized by using a simple steel pipe.

  According to the construction method of the elevated structure according to the present invention, the use of the temporary piles reduces the amount of soil generated when placing on the ground, so that the processing of excavated soil can be labor-saving. Moreover, since it can be easily extubated by making it reversely rotate, working efficiency can be improved. Furthermore, it is possible to perform the placement only by giving the rotation without giving a hit, so that it can contribute to noise prevention.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the construction method of the elevated structure which can be constructed | assembled quickly at low cost so that it may not interfere with use of a ground track, a road, etc. with a simple process and structure can be provided.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present embodiment is an example in which the method for constructing a viaduct according to the present invention is applied to constructing a viaduct directly above a railway track.

FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing a process flow of a method for constructing a viaduct according to the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, the construction method of the viaduct according to the present embodiment is first installed in the construction process S10 of the viaduct (hereinafter referred to as the initial viaduct) that is the first work area immediately above the railway track, and the initial viaduct. Temporary pile construction process S21 using a mobile crane having a pile driving function (hereinafter referred to as a crane-type pile driving machine), and a floor slab construction process S22 for laying a beam panel and a lining plate on the constructed temporary pile. Then, the crane-type pile driving machine S23 is repeated, and the viaduct extension construction process S20, which is constructed by extending the viaduct directly above the railway track, and the main pile is driven from the constructed viaduct. The installation process S30 of the permanent pile, the replacement process S40 of the permanent pillar in which the permanent pillar is built and replaced with the temporary pile, and the temporary construction that removes the temporary pile after the replacement to the permanent pillar Pile removal process S50 and finally finishing Composed of the steps of the finishing construction step S60 in deck laying the 設床 edition Te.

  In order to implement these processes, it is implement | achieved by using a crane-type pile driver. 2A and 2B are side views of the crane-type pile driving machine, in which FIG. 2A shows a state at the time of pile driving, and FIG. 2B shows a state at the time of hanging materials and the like. In addition, as a crane type pile driving machine, what is described in Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 60-12912 is used, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the crane-type pile driving machine 20 is a general mobile crane composed of a self-propelled chassis 22 and a crane body 24 that is pivotably installed thereon. A pile driving machine 28 is provided at the tip of the boom 26, and a pile 30 can be driven at a point away from the chassis 22.

  The pile driver 28 includes, for example, a mechanism that applies a rotational force around the longitudinal axis of the pile 30 while sandwiching the pile 30, and the pile 30 is given from the crane and the crane-type pile driver 20 via the boom 26. By rotating while being pressed against the ground 27 by the downward load, the ground 27 is efficiently driven.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2B, the crane-type pile driving machine 20 can also lift materials and the like by the wire 32 connected to the boom 26 when the pile driving machine 28 is not used. . In the construction method of this viaduct, each process can be effectively implemented by using this crane type pile driving machine 20.

Hereinafter, each step will be described in more detail.
FIG. 3 is a side view for explaining the construction process S10 of the initial viaduct, in which FIG. 3 (a) shows the installation work of the main pile and the main pillar, and FIG. 3 (b) shows the initial initial viaduct 46 and The crane type pile driving machine 20 mounted thereon is shown.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the initial viaduct construction process S10, a viaduct that is the first work table for performing the post-process (the temporary pile construction process S21 and the floor slab erection process S22) is performed. Since this step is a step of occupying the railroad track 38 in a series of steps of the present construction method, the initial viaduct 46 is an operation for carrying out the above-described subsequent steps in order to carry out the construction in a short time. It is preferable that it is a scale which can ensure the minimum work area as a stand.

  In the initial viaduct construction process S10, as shown in FIG. 3A, first, the main pile 34 is constructed with cast-in-place concrete piles by a TBH pile driver 48 using, for example, a TBH (Top Boring Hole) method. Then, the main pillar 36 is built in the constructed main pile 34 using, for example, the crane-type pile driver 20 described above. Here, a predetermined number of the main piles 34 and the main pillars 36 are installed along both sides of the railroad track 38 so that the initial viaduct 46 straddles the railroad track 38 and the overhead wire 40.

  Then, the floor slab 41 is installed on the installed main pillar 36. The floor slab 41 is composed of, for example, a beam panel 42 in which steel members are framed or ladder-like, and a lining plate 44 such as a steel deck laid on the beam panel 42. The beam panel 42 is suspended by, for example, the wire 32 connected to the boom 26 of the crane-type pile driving machine 20 and is erected on the main column 36. The main column 36 and the beam panel 42 are, for example, Fix by welding or bolt fastening. In addition, you may use for the beam panel 42 what is equipped beforehand with the joint which can be connected and fixed with the upper end part of the built-in main pillar 36, for example.

  Further, a lining plate 44 is laid on the erected beam panel 42. When the beam panel 42 and the lining plate 44 are installed, the lining plate 44 is previously laid on the beam panel 42 before the beam panel 42 is installed, and the beam panel 42 on which the lining plate 44 is laid is installed. You may construct in the procedure erected on the main pillar 36.

  The crane-type pile driving machine 20 is mounted on the initial viaduct 46 thus constructed (see FIG. 3B). For the transfer of the crane-type pile driving machine 20, for example, a heavy machine such as a crawler crane (not shown) or a railway crane (not shown) capable of suspending a large weight is provided around the initial viaduct 46.

FIG. 4 is a side view for explaining the temporary pile construction step S21.
As shown in FIG. 4, on the ground 27 separated from the initial viaduct 46 in the direction of extending the viaduct, using the crane-type pile driving machine 20 mounted on the initial viaduct 46 installed in the initial viaduct construction step S10. The temporary pile 50 is driven in a predetermined position. As the pile material of the temporary pile 50 used here, for example, a rotary press-fit steel pipe pile is used. In addition, the part which protruded upwards from the ground of the temporary pile 50 has a role as a temporary pillar which supports the floor slab 41. FIG.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged side view of the lower end portion of the rotary press-fit steel pipe pile 51 used for the temporary pile 50.
As shown in FIG. 5, the rotary press-fit steel pipe pile 51 is configured by welding a spiral wing 54 to the lower end of the steel pipe 52, and is penetrated into the ground by applying a rotational force in a predetermined direction. The tube can be extubated by applying a rotational force in the reverse direction.
In this way, the temporary pile 50 is placed by rotating the press-fit steel pipe pile 51 with the pile driving machine 28 attached to the tip of the boom 26 of the crane type pile driving machine 20 to give a rotational force to the ground 27. This is done by penetrating the ground 27 by pressing the lower wing 54.
Note that a predetermined number of temporary piles 50 are installed along both sides of the railroad track 38 so as to correspond to the installation positions of the floor slabs newly installed in the floor slab erection process S22.

  Next, in the slab erection process S22, a new slab 41 is installed on the temporary pile 50 placed in the above process.

FIG. 6 is a side view for explaining the slab erection process S22.
As shown in FIG. 6, first, the beam panel 42 is slung by the wire 32 connected to the boom 26, suspended by the crane-type pile driving machine 20, and installed on the temporary pile 50.

  Note that the beam panel 42 and the temporary pile 50 are connected to each other by, for example, bolt fastening so that the temporary pile can be easily removed in consideration of the removal work of the temporary pile performed in the subsequent process (temporary pile removal process S50). It is preferable to use and fix.

  Then, by laying the lining plate 44 on the beam panel 42 in the same manner as the initial viaduct construction step S10, a new floor slab 41 is extended to the initial viaduct 46 and installed.

  As described above, the temporary pile construction step S21 and the floor slab erection step S22 are repeatedly carried out while moving the crane-type pile driving machine 20 on the constructed viaduct (bypass extension construction step S20). The viaduct 56 is extended and constructed immediately above 38.

Next, the temporary pile 50 that supports the viaduct 56 constructed over a predetermined length in this way is replaced with the permanent pillar 36.
In replacing the main pillar 36 with the main pillar 36, first, a main pile 34 for installing the main pillar 36 is placed.

FIG. 7 is a side view for explaining the placing pile placing step S30.
As shown in FIG. 7, the TBH pile driver 48 described above can reach the bit 60 from the viaduct 56 to the ground 27 by connecting the excavating rod 58. Place cast-in-place concrete piles at the locations.
After placing the permanent pile 34, the permanent pillar 36 is built and the temporary pile 50 is replaced with the permanent pillar 36.

FIG. 8 is a side view for explaining the replacement step S40 for the main pillar.
As shown in FIG. 8, the permanent pillar 36 is set on the pile driving machine 28 of the crane-type pile driving machine 20, and the permanent pile 34 installed on the ground 27 in the permanent pile placing process S30 is permanently installed. The pillar 36 is built, and the built-in main pillar 36 and the beam panel 42 are fixed.

In addition, in the permanent pile placing step S30 and the permanent pillar replacing step S40, the TBH pile driver 48 can hang the excavation rod 58 and the bit 60 from the viaduct 56, and the crane type pile driver 20 is used. It is assumed that the steel member of the lining plate 44 or the beam panel 42 in the construction position is removed so that the main pillar 36 can be built in. Moreover, you may use the lining board 44 or the beam panel 42 which has the structure in which the pile driving | operation by the TBH pile driving machine 48 and the permanent pillar 36 can be built in the construction position previously.
And the temporary pile 50 can be removed about the viaduct 56 in which the replacement to the main pillar 36 has been completed.

  FIG. 9 is a side view for explaining the temporary pile removal step S50. As shown in FIG. 9, the temporary pile 50 is removed from the beam panel 42, and the head of the temporary pile 50 is sandwiched again by the pile driver 28 of the crane-type pile driver 20, so that the direction opposite to the direction of penetration is reversed. Exhaust the tube by applying a rotational force.

FIG. 10 is a side view for explaining the floor slab finishing construction step S60, which is the last step.
As shown in FIG. 10, after removing all the temporary piles 50, the permanent floor slab 62 is laid using the lifting function of the crane-type pile driving machine 20, so that it is directly above the railroad track 38 according to the present embodiment. The construction method of the viaduct is completed.

  According to the construction method of the viaduct according to the present embodiment described above, once the crane-type pile driving machine 20 is mounted on the viaduct, the temporary pile 50 is placed on the ground 27, and the temporary pile 50 is placed. Since the installation of the new beam panel 42 and the lining plate 44 can all be carried out from above the viaduct 56, the operation of the train traveling on the railroad track 38 under the viaduct 56 is not hindered during the construction. Can be constructed. As a result, the viaduct can be installed day and night, and the construction cost can be reduced while shortening the construction period. Further, since the space on the viaduct 56 built on the railway track 38 can be used as a work base or the like, the site to be secured other than the site of the railway track 38 can be saved, which contributes to shortening the construction period and reducing the construction cost.

  Further, the crane-type pile driving machine 20 includes a pile driving machine 28 at the tip of the boom 26 and can be used not only as a pile driving machine but also as a crane, thereby reducing the total weight of construction machines mounted on the viaduct. it can. As a result, the load capacity of one viaduct can be set small, so that construction can be simplified. Moreover, since the occupation area is reduced by performing the work with one unit, the space on the floor slab 41 can be widely used.

  Moreover, according to the construction method of the viaduct according to the present embodiment, after the temporary pile 50 is placed on the ground 27 in the construction direction of the viaduct from the existing viaduct by the crane type pile driving machine 20, By constructing a new floor slab 41 on the temporary pile 50, when constructing a new floor slab 41, the reaction pole is applied to the viaduct as in the construction method described in Patent Document 3 above. Since a process such as installing a wire or the like and cantilevering while tilting is not required, it is possible to reduce the construction cost and the construction period of materials necessary for this process.

  Moreover, according to the temporary pile 50 by the construction method of the viaduct according to the present embodiment, when the temporary pile 50 is placed on the ground 27, the amount of discharged soil is small, so that the processing of excavated soil can be saved. Moreover, since it can be easily extubated by making it reversely rotate, working efficiency can be improved. Furthermore, since the temporary pile 50 can be laid only by giving rotation without giving a hit, it can contribute to noise prevention.

  In addition, in the construction method of the viaduct according to the present embodiment, the rotary press-fit steel pipe pile 51 having the spiral wings 54 at the lower end of the steel pipe 52 is used as the temporary pile 50, but has a plurality of wings inclined at the lower end of the steel pipe. You may use the rotation penetration steel pipe pile 64. FIG. FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the lower end of the rotary penetrating steel pipe pile 64, (a) a side view and (b) a perspective view seen from below. As shown in FIG. 11, the rotary penetrating steel pipe pile 64 has two inclined blades 66 at the lower end of the steel pipe 52, and is penetrated into the ground by applying a rotational force in the same manner as the rotary penetrating steel pipe pile. In addition, the tube can be extubated by being given a reverse rotation.

  Moreover, in the construction method of the viaduct according to the present embodiment, in constructing the viaduct 56, the temporary pile 50 is first placed, and the beam panel 42, the lining plate 44, and the like are arranged on the upper portion, and further Although the construction was carried out according to the procedure of placing the permanent pile 34 and erection of the permanent pillar 36, the construction is not limited to this, and the temporary pile 50 serves as both the permanent pile and the permanent pillar from the beginning. It is good. This eliminates the need for replacement work between the temporary pile 50 and the main pillar 36, and simplifies the construction, thereby contributing to a reduction in construction costs and a shortening of the construction period.

  Moreover, in the construction method of the viaduct according to the present embodiment, the crane-type pile driving machine 20 is mounted on the viaduct 56 so that the pile driving work and the lifting operation of the beam panel 42 are performed by one unit of the crane-type pile driving machine 20. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the lifting work may be performed separately by mounting another crane on the viaduct.

  Moreover, in the construction method of the viaduct according to the present embodiment, the rotary press-fit steel pipe pile 51 is used for the temporary pile 50, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and a steel material such as a steel pipe or H steel may be used. In this case, the temporary pile 50 cannot be extubated by applying a reverse rotational force to the temporary pile 50 in the removal step S50 of the temporary pile. For example, the temporary pile 50 is cut at the ground surface and only the upper side from the cut portion is temporarily installed. The pile 50 shall be removed.

  Moreover, in the construction method of the viaduct according to the present embodiment, the construction for constructing the viaduct 56 directly above the railroad track 38 has been shown. Also good.

It is process drawing which shows the process flow of the construction method of the viaduct concerning this embodiment. It is a side view of a crane type pile driving machine, The figure (a) is the state at the time of pile driving, (b) is the state at the time of suspension of materials etc. It is a side view for demonstrating the construction process of an initial viaduct, The figure (a) is installation work of a main pile and a main pillar, The figure (b) is mounted on the constructed initial viaduct and it. A crane-type pile driver is shown. It is a side view for demonstrating the construction process of a temporary pile. It is the side view which expanded the lower end part of the rotation press fit steel pipe pile used for a temporary pile. It is a side view for demonstrating the construction process of a floor slab. It is a side view for demonstrating the placement process of a permanent pile. It is a side view for demonstrating the replacement process of this installation pillar. It is a side view for demonstrating the removal process of a temporary pile. It is a side view for demonstrating the finishing construction process of a floor slab. It is what expanded the lower end of the rotation penetration steel pipe pile 64, (a) Side view, (b) The perspective view seen from the downward direction.

Explanation of symbols

20 crane type pile driver 22 chassis 24 crane body 26 boom 27 ground 28 pile driver 30 pile 34 main pile 36 main pillar 38 railroad track 40 overhead wire 41 floor slab 42 beam panel 44 lining plate 46 initial viaduct 50 temporary pile 56 Viaduct 62 Permanent floor slab S10 Initial viaduct construction process S20 Overpass extension construction process S21 Temporary pile construction process S22 Floor slab erection process S23 Crane-type pile driving machine S30 Permanent pile placement process S40 Pillar replacement process S50 Temporary pile removal process S60 Floor slab finishing process

Claims (4)

A method for constructing an elevated structure,
A pile driving machine capable of driving a pile to the ground at a position horizontally spaced from the floor slab on a pile placed on the ground and a floor slab laid on the pile, and a crane mounted thereon 1 process,
Using a pile driving machine mounted on the installed floor slab, it protrudes upward from the ground to a predetermined position on the ground that is separated from the installed floor slab in the extension direction of the elevated structure. A second step of driving a pile to make the part function as a pillar;
A third step of laying a new floor slab on the pile driven in the second step using the crane;
A fourth step of moving the pile driver and the crane to the floor slab installed in the third step;
An elevated structure construction method, wherein the elevated structure is extended and constructed by repeating the second to fourth steps.   The construction method for an elevated structure according to claim 1, wherein the pile driver and the crane are also used as a mobile crane having a pile driving function.   The pile is a temporary pile, and after laying the floor slab, a main pillar is built on the floor slab, the floor slab is supported by the permanent pillar, and the temporary pile is removed. The construction method of an elevated structure according to claim 1 or 2.   4. A steel pipe having a spiral wing or a plurality of inclined wings at the lower end and capable of penetrating into the ground or being evacuated from the ground by rotating around the pipe axis is used as the temporary pile. The construction method of the elevated structure as described in 2.

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