JP2008115600A - Multi-axis drilling machine and method for correcting hole bending in multi-axis drilling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bending hole correction drilling method for detecting bending hole in real time to improve work efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: A second excavation shaft 62 has an upper fixed shaft part 62F, a rotary shaft part 62R connected with a part below the fixed shaft part 62F rotatably, and a detector 40 provided in the fixed shaft part 62F. A first excavation shaft 61 is constituted in such a way that substantially the whole excavation shaft 61 including all the parts from its upper part to its lower part rotates. The first excavation shaft 61 is provided with a rotary driving mechanism 7 for giving rotary driving force to transmit rotation of the first excavation shaft 61 to a rotary shaft part 62R of the second excavation shaft 62. A transmission mechanism for rotating the rotary shaft part 62R is provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a multi-axis drilling machine and a method for correcting hole bending in a multi-axis drilling machine.

For example, a multi-axis drilling machine is used to create a columnar underground continuous wall. In a multi-axis drilling machine as well as a single-axis drilling machine, due to properties such as the nature of the ground, the bending of the hole during drilling occurs. When hole bending occurs, reduction in the drilling accuracy leads to a decrease in the accuracy of columnar underground continuous wall formation (for example, lap accuracy when lap construction is performed). Therefore, a mechanism for detecting and correcting the occurrence of hole bending is required.
Conventionally, various methods have been proposed for correcting hole bending. For example, in the case of the one described in Patent Document 1, when the tips of a plurality of excavation shafts are displaced in the juxtaposition direction in which a plurality of excavation shafts are arranged in parallel during excavation, A plurality of excavation shafts are returned in the direction opposite to the displacement direction by excavating the excavation shafts positioned lower or higher relative to the other excavation shafts.
However, in this method, since one excavation shaft is relatively moved, it is naturally expected that a large or quick hole bending correction effect (correction amount per excavation length) cannot be expected. In addition, there are many proposals related to other methods, but there are cases where the apparatus becomes large or complicated, and its practicality is questionable.
On the other hand, as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, for detecting hole bending, it is known to mount a hole bending detector such as an inclinometer or a gyroscope.
Japanese Patent No. 3389558 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-232834

However, if a detector is provided in the rotating excavation shaft as in the above prior art, the detector rotates in the drilling hole and cannot be detected in real time. It was necessary to stop the rotation, which contributed to a decrease in work efficiency.
Therefore, the main problem to be solved by the present invention is to enable real-time detection during excavation, thereby improving work efficiency.

The present invention that has solved this problem is as follows.
[Invention of Claim 1]
The first excavation shaft and the second excavation shaft are arranged side by side in a row in a lateral direction;
The second excavation shaft detects at least one of an upper fixed shaft portion, a rotary shaft portion rotatably connected to the lower portion of the fixed shaft portion, and a hole bend and a twist provided in the fixed shaft portion. With a detector of
The first excavation shaft is configured to rotate substantially from the top to the bottom;
A rotation drive mechanism for providing a rotation drive force to the first excavation shaft is provided;
Multi-axis milling characterized in that a transmission mechanism is provided for transmitting the rotation of the first excavation shaft to the rotation shaft portion of the second excavation shaft and rotating the rotation shaft portion with respect to the fixed shaft portion. Hole machine.

(Function and effect)
In the present invention, the second excavation shaft has a structure composed of an upper fixed shaft portion and a lower rotation shaft portion, and a detector such as a bent hole is provided in the fixed shaft portion. Therefore, since the detector does not rotate even during drilling, real-time detection is possible. However, the second excavation shaft having such a structure cannot adopt a so-called top drive system, that is, a system in which a rotational drive force is provided by a rotational drive mechanism provided in the upper drive unit. Therefore, in the present invention, the rotation of the first excavation shaft is transmitted to the rotation shaft portion of the second excavation shaft by the transmission mechanism and is rotated.
In the present invention, the terms “first excavation shaft” (the same applies to a third excavation shaft, which will be described later) and “second excavation shaft” are used. They are used as “first” and “second” in order to distinguish them from each other, and have no further meaning.

[Invention of Claim 2]
The fixed shaft portion of the second excavation shaft is a tube shaft having an opening on the upper end surface, an external space is formed above the upper end opening of the fixed shaft portion, and a cable for the detector is connected to the detection The multi-axis drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein the multi-axis drilling machine is taken out of the shaft through an upper end opening of the fixed shaft portion and a space above the fixed shaft portion.

(Function and effect)
As described above, the upper part of the second excavation shaft of the present invention is composed of the fixed shaft portion, and the top drive system cannot be adopted. The invention described in this section utilizes this, and an external space is intentionally formed above the upper end opening of the fixed shaft portion, and a cable for the detector is directly taken out to the outside. Conventionally, when connecting a cable to the inside of a rotating excavation shaft, a connection device (called a slip ring) that connects the cable via a rotating sliding contact has been widely used. According to this, the cable can be connected to the outside of the excavation shaft with a simpler and easier maintenance.

[Invention of Claim 3]
An upper connecting body for connecting upper portions of the first excavation shaft and the second excavation shaft, and a lower connecting body for connecting lower portions of the first excavation shaft and the second excavation shaft;
The fixed shaft portion of the second excavation shaft extends from the upper connecting body to the lower connecting body,
The rotational drive mechanism is for applying rotational drive force to a portion of the first excavation shaft above the upper coupling body,
The transmission mechanism is a gear mechanism provided in the lower coupling body,
The gear mechanism is meshed between a main driving spur gear provided around the first excavating shaft, a driven spur gear provided around the second excavating shaft, and the main driving spur gear and the driven spur gear. The multi-axis drilling machine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising one or a plurality of transmission spur gears.

(Function and effect)
In the invention described in this section, the upper connecting body and the lower connecting body are integrated in an I shape via the fixed shaft portion, and the first excavation shaft and the second excavation shaft are integrated more firmly. A gear mechanism as a transmission mechanism is provided in a lower connecting body constituting a simple structure. As a result, the positions of the shafts and the positions of the gears are stabilized, so that transmission loss is reduced and the second excavation shaft can be driven more powerfully.

[Invention of Claim 4]
The fixed blade protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft portion of the second excavation shaft, and the stirring blade protrudes near the fixed blade of the second excavation shaft on the outer peripheral surface of the first excavation shaft. The multi-axis drilling machine according to any one of -3.

(Function and effect)
In the present invention, since the upper portion of the second excavation shaft is the fixed shaft portion, the ground stirring action in this portion is reduced. In order to solve this problem, if a stirring blade is provided at an appropriate position of the first excavating shaft that rotates substantially as a whole and the stirring action is applied to the fixed shaft portion of the second excavating shaft, the agitated material is supplied to the second excavating shaft. Since the shearing action is received by the collision with the shaft, the reduction in the stirring action of the second excavation shaft can be suppressed to some extent. However, this alone may result in insufficient stirring. Therefore, in the invention described in this section, the fixed wing is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft portion of the second excavation shaft, and the stirring of the ground in the second excavation shaft portion can be supplemented by a stronger shearing action.

[Invention of Claim 5]
The first excavation shaft is arranged on one side in the lateral direction of the second excavation shaft, and the third excavation shaft is arranged on the other side in the lateral direction. The multi-shaft drilling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the multi-shaft drilling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is provided with a rotary drive mechanism that applies a rotary drive force to the third excavation shaft. .

(Function and effect)
The multi-axis drilling machine of the present invention is not limited to the number of axes, and can be applied to those having three or more axes. The invention described in this section assumes the case of three or more axes, and in this case, by providing the first to third excavation shafts as described in this section, the above-described advantages of the present invention are brought about. .

[Invention of Claim 6]
The multi-axis drilling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a correcting means for correcting at least one of hole bending and twisting.

(Function and effect)
By providing such correction means, it is possible to perform correction so as to eliminate the actual degree of bending of the hole detected by the detector.

[Invention of Claim 7]
A multi-axis drilling machine having at least three excavation shafts arranged side by side in a row in a horizontal direction and excavating the ground by each excavation shaft;
A lower coupling body is provided for coupling the excavation shafts so as to keep them substantially parallel at the lower part,
Of the three excavation shafts, each of the excavation shafts on both sides has an upper base shaft and a lower main shaft, and the main shaft can be moved in an axial direction by a moving means and rotated with respect to the base shaft. Connected and possible
Between the connecting portion and the lower coupling body, each excavation shaft has a continuous portion that can be bent in the vertical direction with respect to at least one regular axial direction,
When the main shaft of one of the two excavation shafts is positioned below the main shaft of the other excavation shaft, a portion below each of the connecting portions is the lower coupling body. It is configured to bend integrally to the other excavation shaft side,
An intermediate excavation shaft located between the excavation shafts on both sides includes an upper fixed shaft portion, a rotary shaft portion rotatably connected to the lower portion of the fixed shaft portion, and a hole provided in the fixed shaft portion. A detector for detecting bending,
The excavation shafts on both sides are configured to rotate substantially entirely from above to below;
A rotational drive mechanism for providing rotational drive force to the excavation shafts on both sides is provided;
A transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotation of the excavation shafts on both sides to the rotation shaft portion of the intermediate excavation shaft and rotating the rotation shaft portion with respect to the fixed shaft portion is provided below the connecting portion. Yes,
A multi-axis drilling machine characterized by that.

(Function and effect)
When the excavation direction deviates from the normal direction (design excavation direction) due to factors such as changes in the ground properties, or when there is a possibility that a hole bends, there is a possibility that the excavation shafts on both sides of the juxtaposition direction The main shaft of one excavation shaft is moved downward relative to the main shaft of the other excavation shaft (in other words, the main shaft of the other excavation shaft is changed to the main shaft of one of the excavation shafts) In contrast, the moving force acts as a force that bends the entire lower portion of each connecting portion integrally with the lower connecting body toward the other excavation shaft. When excavation is performed in a state where the entire portion below each connecting portion is bent toward the other excavation shaft, excavation is performed while bending toward the other excavation shaft. Therefore, when a hole is bent on one digging shaft side at the beginning, the above operation can be performed to correct the hole bending from one digging shaft side to the other digging shaft side. is there.
Here, since the entire portion below each connecting portion is connected by the lower connecting body, the main shaft of the one excavation shaft, the other excavation shaft, and the entire intermediate excavation shaft bend (change directions). Therefore, it can be easily estimated that the effect of correcting the hole bending is greater than the method of moving one shaft in Patent Document 1 described above. In addition, for example, when a hydraulic cylinder is used as the moving means and this is installed in the lower part of the multi-axis drilling machine and inserted into the ground, a hydraulic system trouble may occur due to contact with the ground. In the present invention, the moving means is provided at the upper part of the multi-axis drilling machine and is not inserted into the ground, so there is no risk of occurrence of such trouble, and stable operation of the equipment becomes possible.

[Invention of Claim 8]
The multi-axis drilling machine according to claim 7, wherein the moving means is a hydraulic cylinder provided between the upper coupling body and the upper part of the main shaft.

(Function and effect)
When the moving means is a hydraulic cylinder, the necessary moving force can be sufficiently exerted and a simple device configuration can be obtained.

[Invention of Claim 9]
Each of the excavation shafts is provided so as to be movable up and down along a leader standing on the ground,
A swing rotation means for swinging and rotating the fixed shaft portion of the intermediate excavation shaft around the axis center is provided by taking a reaction force on the leader,
The lower connecting body and the intermediate excavation shaft are connected so that the swinging rotation in the fixed shaft portion of the intermediate excavation shaft is transmitted as the swinging rotation of the lower connecting body,
The multi-axis drilling machine according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the detector is for detecting hole bending and twisting.

(Function and effect)
In the multi-axis drilling machine, in addition to hole bending, so-called twisting that is obliquely displaced with respect to the row in the lateral direction occurs, so a mechanism for correcting this is desired. The invention described in this section proposes a mechanism for such twist correction. In the invention described in this section, the lower rotating body can be rocked and rotated about the axis through the intermediate excavation shaft by the rocking and rotating means using the leader as a reaction force body. At that time, since the lower connecting body and the intermediate excavating shaft are connected so that the swinging rotation in the fixed shaft portion of the intermediate excavating shaft is transmitted as the swinging rotation of the lower connecting body, As for the excavation shaft, the lower portion rotates about the axis of the central excavation shaft with respect to the upper portion, so that the twist is eliminated.

[Invention of Claim 10]
A multi-axis drilling machine having at least three excavation shafts arranged side by side in a row in a horizontal direction and excavating the ground by each excavation shaft;
A lower coupling body is provided for coupling the excavation shafts so as to keep them substantially parallel at the lower part,
Of the three excavation shafts, each of the excavation shafts on both sides has an upper base shaft and a lower main body shaft, and the main body shaft moves with respect to the base shaft below the upper coupling body. Is connected to be axially movable and rotatable,
Between the connecting portion and the lower coupling body, each excavation shaft has a continuous portion that can be bent in the vertical direction with respect to at least one regular axial direction,
When the main shaft of one of the two excavation shafts is positioned below the main shaft of the other excavation shaft, a portion below each of the connecting portions is the lower coupling body. It is configured to bend integrally to the other excavation shaft side,
An intermediate excavation shaft located between the excavation shafts on both sides includes an upper fixed shaft portion, a rotary shaft portion rotatably connected to the lower portion of the fixed shaft portion, and a hole provided in the fixed shaft portion. A detector for detecting bending,
The excavation shafts on both sides are configured to rotate substantially entirely from above to below;
A rotational drive mechanism for providing rotational drive force to the excavation shafts on both sides is provided;
A transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotation of the excavation shafts on both sides to the rotation shaft portion of the intermediate excavation shaft and rotating the rotation shaft portion with respect to the fixed shaft portion is provided below the connecting portion. Using a multi-axis drilling machine;
When it is detected by the detector that the drilling direction bends toward one of the excavation shafts on both sides with respect to the regular axial direction, depending on the detected degree of bending , The main shaft of the one excavation shaft is positioned below relative to the main shaft of the other excavation shaft, and a portion below each of the connecting portions is integrally formed with the lower connecting body. Bend to the drilling shaft side,
When it is detected by the detector that the drilling direction is bent toward the other excavation shaft with respect to the regular axial direction, according to the degree of the detected hole bending, The main body shaft is positioned relatively lower than the main shaft of the one excavation shaft, and a portion below each connecting portion is bent integrally with the lower connecting body toward the one excavation shaft,
A hole bending correction drilling method in a multi-axis drilling machine, wherein hole drilling is performed while correcting the hole bending.

(Function and effect)
The invention described in this section relates to a method of correcting hole bending in the form described in the section of claim 1, and in this case, the actual degree of hole bending is detected by a hole bending detector such as a gyroscope or an inclinometer. However, the hole bending is corrected so as to eliminate this.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to detect in real time during excavation, thereby providing advantages such as improving work efficiency.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
<Device configuration>
The multi-axis drilling machine 1 has, for example, the entire structure shown in FIG. That is, the reader 3 supported and installed in front of the base machine 2 has a structure that is supported by the reader cradle 4 and the backstay 5 of the base machine 2. The leader 3 is provided with a long tubular excavation shaft 63 formed by connecting a plurality of unit excavation pipes in the longitudinal direction so that the long excavation shaft 63 can move in the vertical direction and can rotate around the axis. It has been. Below the leader 3, a steadying device 9 is attached for guiding the excavation shaft 6 and preventing the excavation associated with the rotation of the excavation shaft 6.

  FIG. 2 shows the excavator body viewed from the right front of the excavator of FIG. The number of excavation shafts is not particularly limited as long as it is plural, but it is desirable that the number is 3 or 5. In the illustrated embodiment, the number of excavation shafts is three, and includes a first excavation shaft 61 and a third excavation shaft 63 located on both sides, and an intermediate second excavation shaft 62. The first excavation shaft 61 and the third excavation shaft 63 of the embodiment correspond to the excavation shafts on both sides in the invention according to claims 7 to 10, and the second excavation shaft 62 in the invention according to claims 7 to 10. This corresponds to an intermediate excavation shaft having a detector and a central excavation shaft in the juxtaposed direction. FIG. 16 is substantially the same as the first excavation shaft 61 and the third excavation shaft 63 further outward in the axial direction with respect to the first excavation shaft 61 and the third excavation shaft 63 on both sides of the second excavation shaft 62. The case where the other excavation shafts 60 and 64 having the same configuration are provided to form five excavation shafts is shown. In this case, the other excavation shafts 60 and 64 also rotate by transmitting the rotation of the second excavation shaft 62 directly or indirectly via the first excavation shaft 61 and the third excavation shaft 63 by an appropriate transmission mechanism. Let

  Each of the first excavation shaft 61 and the third excavation shaft 63 has upper base shafts 61A and 63A and lower main body shafts 61B and 63B. The second excavation shaft 62 has an upper fixed shaft portion 62F and a rotation shaft portion 62B rotatably connected to the lower portion of the fixed shaft portion 62F (details will be described later).

  At least the base shafts 61A and 63A of the first excavation shaft 61 and the third excavation shaft 63 and the fixed shaft portion 62F of the second excavation shaft 63 are kept substantially parallel to each of the excavation shafts 61 to 63. And the base shafts 61A and 63A and the second excavation shaft 62 (the fixed shaft portion 62F and the rotary shaft portion 62B) of the first excavation shaft 61 and the third excavation shaft 63 at the lower portion. A lower connecting body 20 that is connected so as to be kept in parallel is provided.

  On the other hand, in each of the first excavation shaft 61 and the third excavation shaft 63, the main body shafts 61B and 63B are moved by the moving means, preferably by the hydraulic cylinder 12, below the upper connecting body 10 with respect to the base shafts 61A and 63A. Directionally movable and connected to be rotatable. In the embodiment, as shown in detail in FIGS. 3 to 6, the hydraulic cylinders 12 </ b> A and 12 </ b> B are straddled between the main body shaft 61 </ b> B before and after the upper connecting body 10, and the hydraulic cylinders 12 </ b> C and 12 </ b> D are connected to the upper connecting body. It is straddled between the main body shaft 63 </ b> B before and after the body 10.

  Further, between the upper coupling body 10 and the lower coupling body 20, the excavation shafts 61 to 63 (the main body shafts 61B and 63B and the fixed shaft portion 62F) bend in the vertical direction with respect to at least one regular axial direction. A possible connecting portion 30 is provided. As this example, it can be set as the male-female fitting joint part of the unit excavation pipe shown in FIG. That is, for example, a clearance of 1 mm, for example, is secured in advance in the male joint portion 30A having a hexagonal cross section, the step shoulder 31 of the female joint 30B corresponding thereto, and the connection pin portion 32. Thus, as shown in FIG. 8, when the lower portion of the connecting portion 30 is displaced, the displacement is allowed in a form in which a gap S of the shoulder portion 31 is generated in the bending direction. Not limited to this example, it may be connected in the axial direction in the other front-rear direction.

  Since the connecting portions 30 are provided in the respective excavation shafts 61 to 63, the main body shaft 61B of the first excavation shaft 61 is moved to the third excavation shaft 63 by the hydraulic cylinders 12A and 12B descending operation (the stroke is S). As shown in FIG. 8, the portion below each of the connecting portions 30, 30, 30 is integrated with the lower connecting body 20 to form the third excavation shaft. It is configured to bend to the side 63. On the contrary, when the main body shaft 63B of the third excavation shaft 63 is positioned below the main body shaft 61B of the first excavation shaft 61 by the lowering operation of the hydraulic cylinders 12C and 12D, A portion below the connecting portions 30, 30, 30 is configured to bend to the first excavation shaft side 61 integrally with the lower connector 20.

  The main body shafts 61B and 63B and the inner pipe 62B can be appropriately provided with a drilling bit 64 and a screw blade 65, and a discharge port (not shown) is provided at the tip, from which the drilling fluid is supplied. Then, air, solidified liquid, etc. are discharged to form underground columnar walls, and continuous underground walls can be created by lapping them.

  In the illustrated embodiment, the following structure is provided as a mechanism for preventing twisting. That is, in detail, the upper connecting body 10 is provided with bearings at portions corresponding to the first excavation shaft 61 and the third excavation shaft 63, and the base shafts 61A and 63A and the main body shafts 61B and 63B are rotated by the bearings. The fixed shaft portion 61F of the second excavation shaft 62 is inserted into an insertion hole provided at a portion corresponding to the second excavation shaft 62 so as to be swingable and rotatable around the axis. ing. Further, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, a holding portion 14 that is moved along the reader 3 and held by the reader 3 is provided. The holding portion 14 and the fixed shaft portion 61 </ b> F of the second excavation shaft 62 are provided. Are provided with hydraulic cylinders 15L and 15R for swinging and rotating the fixed shaft portion 61F of the second excavation shaft 62 around its axis. Therefore, by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinders 15L and 15R, the fixed shaft portion 61F of the second excavation shaft 62 and the lower connection body 20 connected and integrated with the second excavation shaft 62 swing and rotate around the axis of the excavation shaft 62, and the lower connection The first excavation shaft 61 and the third excavation shaft 63 held by the body 20 swing and rotate around the axis of the excavation shaft 62.

  Here, the method of bending and twist correction will be described in more detail. Now, with reference to FIG. 2, the left and right direction in the drawing is referred to as “left and right direction” X, and the direction passing through the drawing is referred to as “front and back direction”. The plan view of the excavation hole is indicated by a symbol H in FIG. 9 as a trajectory formed by the outer peripheral edge of each excavation bit 64 or the outer peripheral edge of each screw blade 65.

  Now, when the normal excavation hole H is deviated leftward by “−X” as shown by the phantom line, the hydraulic cylinders 12A and 12B are moved to correct the normal position. The lowering operation (stroke S) is performed, and the main body shaft 61B of the first excavation shaft 61 is positioned relatively below the main body shaft 63B of the third excavation shaft 63. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, as a result of the portions below each of the connecting portions 30, 30, 30 being held by the lower connecting body 20, the third excavation shaft side 63 integrally with the lower connecting body 20. Turn by an angle α. When excavation is advanced in this state, the excavation direction is changed to the right, and when the amount of change reaches “−X”, the hydraulic cylinders 12A and 12B are raised and the bending correction is completed.

  When the position is shifted to the right direction (+ X direction), the hydraulic cylinders 12C and 12D may be lowered and corrected in the same manner.

  In this case, the bent state and the amount thereof can be detected by, for example, the detector 40 described later. Although it is not possible to change the angle α at a stretch according to the amount of bending, it can be gradually changed over time. Further, with the hydraulic cylinders 12A and 12B and the hydraulic cylinders 12C and 12D as the reference position in the middle of their strokes, correction operations such as lowering the hydraulic cylinders 12A and 12B and raising the hydraulic cylinders 12C and 12D are possible. . Further, if the reference position of each hydraulic cylinder is set to the maximum extended state, the bending correction is performed by the operation of contracting one of the hydraulic cylinders.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, when the row direction of the regular digging holes H is twisted as indicated by the phantom line, for example, when twisted by an angle “+ β”, the right hydraulic cylinder 15R is extended. The fixed shaft portion 61 </ b> F of the second excavation shaft 62 and the lower connection body 20 are rotated around the axis of the excavation shaft 62 by “−β” with respect to the upper connection body 10. Thereby, the lower coupling body 20 holding part in the first excavation shaft 61 and the third excavation shaft 63 is rotated by “−β” around the axis of the second excavation shaft 62 with respect to the upper portion thereof, and the bending is corrected. It can be carried out. A specific method for correcting the bending due to the twist can be appropriately selected as in the case of the deviation. In this case, the state of twist and its amount can be detected by, for example, the detector 40 described later.

(Characteristics of the present invention)
Characteristically, the second excavation shaft 62 has an upper fixed shaft portion 62F, a rotary shaft portion 62R rotatably connected to the lower portion of the fixed shaft portion 62F (and thus coaxially connected), and a fixed shaft. And a detector 40 for detecting at least one of hole bending and twisting provided in the lower end of the portion 62F. The fixed shaft portion 62F of the second excavation shaft 62 extends from the upper connecting body 10 to the lower connecting body 20, and the upper end portion of the fixed shaft portion 62F is around the axial center in the insertion hole provided in the upper connecting body 10. The lower end flange portion is fixed to the upper surface of the lower connecting body 20 by bolts 62b. The fixed shaft portion 62F also has a function of imparting a twist to the lower connecting body 20. The rotating shaft portion 62R is coaxially connected to the lower portion of the fixed shaft portion 62F via the lower connecting body 20 while being rotatably supported by a bearing 62x provided in the lower connecting body 20.

  Unlike the second excavation shaft 62, each of the first and third excavation shafts 61 and 63 is supported by bearings 61x and 63x provided in the upper coupling body 10 and the lower coupling body 20, respectively. It is a rotating shaft that rotates substantially as a whole from the bottom to the bottom. The heads of the first and third excavation shafts 61 and 63 are connected to the rotation drive mechanism 7 of the upper drive device attached so as to slide along the reader 3. The upper drive device is configured to slide along the reader 3. The rotation drive mechanism 7 gives a rotation drive force to the upper part of the first and third excavation shafts 61 and 63 above the upper coupling body 10, and is composed of a power source 7A and a speed reducer 7B in the illustrated example. . Although a hydraulic motor may be used as the power source 7A, it is generally desirable to use an electric motor. The power source 7A is not limited to one, and a plurality of power sources can be used. The power from these power sources 7A is combined into one by a gear train (not shown), and the rotational speed is reduced by the speed reducer 7B and transmitted to the excavation shafts 61 and 63. The rotation drive mechanism 7 can also be provided individually for each of the first and third excavation shafts 61 and 63.

  On the other hand, the rotation shaft portion 62R of the second excavation shaft 62 is not driven by the rotation drive mechanism 7 of the upper drive unit, but is rotated by transmission of rotation of the first excavation shaft 61 via the transmission mechanism. As the transmission mechanism, a known mechanism such as a gear drive, a belt drive, a chain drive, or a combination thereof can be used. However, the first excavation shaft 61 and the rotation shaft portion 62R of the second excavation shaft are used as the rotation shaft, and as shown in detail in FIGS. A main driving spur gear G1 is coaxially fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the excavating shaft 61, a driven spur gear G2 is coaxially fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft portion 62R of the second excavating shaft 62, and these main driving spur gears. It is preferable to use a gear mechanism in which one or a plurality of transmission spur gears G3, G4, G5 are engaged between G1 and driven spur gear G2.

  The rotation directions of the first excavation shaft 61, the second excavation shaft 62, and the third excavation shaft 63 can be selected as appropriate depending on the configuration of the gear train in the rotation drive mechanism 7 and the transmission mechanism. As shown in FIG. 11, it is desirable to select from two types in plan view. When the first excavation shaft 61 and the second excavation shaft 62 are rotated in the same direction, the main driving spur gear G1 and the driven spur gear G2 are engaged via one transmission spur gear G3 as shown in FIG. When rotating in the opposite direction, as shown in FIG. 14, the main driving spur gear G1 and the driven spur gear G2 can be engaged with each other via two transmission spur gears G4 and G5.

  An inclinometer, a gyro, or the like can be used as the detector 40 for detecting at least one of hole bending and twisting. As long as the detector 40 is provided on the second excavation shaft 62, the detector 40 can also be provided on an excavation shaft that is directly driven to rotate without using another excavation shaft, such as the first excavation shaft 61 and the third excavation shaft 63. A power cable, a signal cable, and the like for the detector 40 are led out to the outside through an inner space or an outer peripheral wall of the excavation shafts 61 to 63 and a slip ring (not shown) mounted in the speed reducer 7B, and an outside not shown. It is possible to connect to a control device or a recording device.

  In particular, since the fixed shaft portion 62F of the second excavation shaft 62 does not need to be connected to the upper drive device, the upper end opening of the fixed shaft portion 62F is not connected to the upper drive device and the upper end of the fixed shaft portion 62F. A space as an external space 62s is provided between the upper drive device and the lower end of the upper drive device, and the cable 41 for the detector 40 is connected to the shaft from the detector 40 through the upper end opening of the fixed shaft portion 62F and the external space 62s above it. Can be taken out.

  When excavating liquid, air, solidified liquid, or the like is appropriately switched and discharged from the tip of the excavating shafts 61 to 63, the supply path 62p (the inner space of the excavating shaft, pipes, tubes, etc.) is provided for the speed reducer 7B. It is possible to connect to an external supply device via a swivel (not shown) mounted on the device. In this case, as in the case of the cables described above, the external space 62s is provided above the upper end of the fixed shaft portion 62F in the second excavation shaft 62, so that the supply path for the drilling fluid and the like is connected to the upper end of the fixed shaft portion 62F. It can be taken out of the shaft through the opening and the external space 62s above the opening and connected to an external supply device. On the other hand, in the second excavation shaft 62, when a discharge port for drilling fluid or the like is provided in the rotary shaft portion 62R, the fixed shaft portion is connected via a swivel 62v mounted on a connecting portion between the fixed shaft portion 62F and the rotary shaft portion 62R. The supply path in 62F and the flow path to the discharge port in the rotating shaft portion 62R can be connected.

<Other matters>
If the upper portion of the second excavation shaft 62 is the fixed shaft portion 62F, the ground stirring action in the depth direction range is reduced. Therefore, in order to compensate for this, as shown in FIG. 15, a fixed blade 62 </ b> W protruding in the radial direction is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft portion 62 </ b> F, and the outer peripheral surface of the first excavation shaft 61 and the third excavation shaft 63. It is preferable to provide a stirring blade 65 protruding radially in the vicinity of the fixed blade of the second excavation shaft 62 on the outer peripheral surface. It is preferable to provide a plurality of fixed blades 62W and stirring blades 65 at predetermined intervals over the entire depth direction range of the fixed shaft portion 62F. The fixed blade 62W preferably extends into the rotation locus circle of the stirring blade 65 in a plan view. The distance between the fixed blade 62W and the stirring blade 65 can be determined within a range in which the stirring action of the stirring blade 65 reaches the fixed blade 62W, and is preferably close. In the illustrated example, the fixed blade 62W is a plate-like member and is provided with an interval in the vertical direction of the second excavation shaft 62, whereas the stirring blade 65 is a screw blade, It is continuous. The stirring blade 65 can be configured in the same manner as the fixed blade 62w. By providing such a fixed blade 62W and a stirring blade 65 in combination, the agitated material by the stirring blade 65 is subjected to a shearing action due to a collision with the fixed blade 62W, so that stirring is also performed in the vicinity of the fixed shaft 62F of the second excavation shaft 62. The effect is exhibited effectively.

  The present invention is used for a multi-axis drilling machine used for creating a columnar underground continuous wall.

It is a side view of a multi-axis drilling machine. It is a front view of the excavator main body of a multi-axis drilling machine. It is a principal part front view of FIG. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. FIG. 4 is a half sectional plan view of FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the example of a connection part. It is a front view of the bending state of an excavator main body. It is explanatory drawing of the bending of a digging hole. It is explanatory drawing of the twist of a digging hole. It is explanatory drawing of the example of the rotation direction of each excavation axis. It is a partially broken front view of a lower connector part. It is a cross-sectional view of a lower connector part. It is a cross-sectional view of the lower connector part which shows another example. It is a front view of the excavator main body which shows the form which has a fixed wing | blade. It is a schematic diagram of five excavation axes.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Multi-axis drilling machine, 2 ... Base machine, 3 ... Leader, 6 ... Excavation shaft, 7A ... Power source, 7B ... Reduction gear, 7 ... Rotation drive mechanism, 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D ... Hydraulic cylinder, 15L , 15R ... hydraulic cylinder, 30 ... connecting portion, 40 ... detector, 41 ... cable, 61 ... first excavation shaft, 62 ... second excavation shaft, 62s ... external space, 62W ... fixed blade, 63 ... second excavation Axis, 61A, 63A ... base shaft, 61B, 63B ... main body shaft, 62F ... fixed shaft portion, 62R ... rotary shaft portion, G1 ... driven gear, G2 ... driven gear, G3-G5 ... transmission gear, H ... excavation hole.

Claims (10)

The first excavation shaft and the second excavation shaft are arranged side by side in a row in a lateral direction;
The second excavation shaft detects at least one of an upper fixed shaft portion, a rotary shaft portion rotatably connected to the lower portion of the fixed shaft portion, and a hole bend and a twist provided in the fixed shaft portion. With a detector of
The first excavation shaft is configured to rotate substantially from the top to the bottom;
A rotation drive mechanism for providing a rotation drive force to the first excavation shaft is provided;
Multi-axis milling characterized in that a transmission mechanism is provided for transmitting the rotation of the first excavation shaft to the rotation shaft portion of the second excavation shaft and rotating the rotation shaft portion with respect to the fixed shaft portion. Hole machine.   The fixed shaft portion of the second excavation shaft is a tube shaft having an opening on the upper end surface, an external space is formed above the upper end opening of the fixed shaft portion, and a cable for the detector is connected to the detection The multi-axis drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein the multi-axis drilling machine is taken out of the shaft through an upper end opening of the fixed shaft portion and a space above the fixed shaft portion. An upper connecting body for connecting upper portions of the first excavation shaft and the second excavation shaft, and a lower connecting body for connecting lower portions of the first excavation shaft and the second excavation shaft;
The fixed shaft portion of the second excavation shaft extends from the upper connecting body to the lower connecting body,
The rotational drive mechanism is for applying rotational drive force to a portion of the first excavation shaft above the upper coupling body,
The transmission mechanism is a gear mechanism provided in the lower coupling body,
The gear mechanism is meshed between a main driving spur gear provided around the first excavating shaft, a driven spur gear provided around the second excavating shaft, and the main driving spur gear and the driven spur gear. The multi-axis drilling machine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising one or a plurality of transmission spur gears.   The fixed blade protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft portion of the second excavation shaft, and the stirring blade protrudes near the fixed blade of the second excavation shaft on the outer peripheral surface of the first excavation shaft. The multi-axis drilling machine according to any one of -3.   The first excavation shaft is arranged on one side in the lateral direction of the second excavation shaft, and the third excavation shaft is arranged on the other side in the lateral direction. The multi-shaft drilling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the multi-shaft drilling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is provided with a rotary drive mechanism that applies a rotary drive force to the third excavation shaft. .   The multi-axis drilling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a correcting means for correcting at least one of hole bending and twisting. A multi-axis drilling machine having at least three excavation shafts arranged side by side in a row in a horizontal direction and excavating the ground by each excavation shaft;
A lower coupling body is provided for coupling the excavation shafts so as to keep them substantially parallel at the lower part,
Of the three excavation shafts, each of the excavation shafts on both sides has an upper base shaft and a lower main shaft, and the main shaft can be moved in an axial direction by a moving means and rotated with respect to the base shaft. Connected and possible
Between the connecting portion and the lower coupling body, each excavation shaft has a continuous portion that can be bent in the vertical direction with respect to at least one regular axial direction,
When the main shaft of one of the two excavation shafts is positioned below the main shaft of the other excavation shaft, a portion below each of the connecting portions is the lower coupling body. It is configured to bend integrally to the other excavation shaft side,
An intermediate excavation shaft located between the excavation shafts on both sides includes an upper fixed shaft portion, a rotary shaft portion rotatably connected to the lower portion of the fixed shaft portion, and a hole provided in the fixed shaft portion. A detector for detecting bending,
The excavation shafts on both sides are configured to rotate substantially entirely from above to below;
A rotational drive mechanism for providing rotational drive force to the excavation shafts on both sides is provided;
A transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotation of the excavation shafts on both sides to the rotation shaft portion of the intermediate excavation shaft and rotating the rotation shaft portion with respect to the fixed shaft portion is provided below the connecting portion. Yes,
A multi-axis drilling machine characterized by that.   The multi-axis drilling machine according to claim 7, wherein the moving means is a hydraulic cylinder provided between the upper coupling body and the upper part of the main shaft. Each of the excavation shafts is provided so as to be movable up and down along a leader standing on the ground,
A swing rotation means for swinging and rotating the fixed shaft portion of the intermediate excavation shaft around the axis center is provided by taking a reaction force on the leader,
The lower connecting body and the intermediate excavation shaft are connected so that the swinging rotation in the fixed shaft portion of the intermediate excavation shaft is transmitted as the swinging rotation of the lower connecting body,
The multi-axis drilling machine according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the detector is for detecting hole bending and twisting. A multi-axis drilling machine having at least three excavation shafts arranged side by side in a row in a horizontal direction and excavating the ground by each excavation shaft;
A lower coupling body is provided for coupling the excavation shafts so as to keep them substantially parallel at the lower part,
Of the three excavation shafts, each of the excavation shafts on both sides has an upper base shaft and a lower main body shaft, and the main body shaft moves with respect to the base shaft below the upper coupling body. Is connected to be axially movable and rotatable,
Between the connecting portion and the lower coupling body, each excavation shaft has a continuous portion that can be bent in the vertical direction with respect to at least one regular axial direction,
When the main shaft of one of the two excavation shafts is positioned below the main shaft of the other excavation shaft, a portion below each of the connecting portions is the lower coupling body. It is configured to bend integrally to the other excavation shaft side,
An intermediate excavation shaft located between the excavation shafts on both sides includes an upper fixed shaft portion, a rotary shaft portion rotatably connected to the lower portion of the fixed shaft portion, and a hole provided in the fixed shaft portion. A detector for detecting bending,
The excavation shafts on both sides are configured to rotate substantially entirely from above to below;
A rotational drive mechanism for providing rotational drive force to the excavation shafts on both sides is provided;
A transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotation of the excavation shafts on both sides to the rotation shaft portion of the intermediate excavation shaft and rotating the rotation shaft portion with respect to the fixed shaft portion is provided below the connecting portion. Using a multi-axis drilling machine;
When it is detected by the detector that the drilling direction bends toward one of the excavation shafts on both sides with respect to the regular axial direction, depending on the detected degree of bending , The main shaft of the one excavation shaft is positioned below relative to the main shaft of the other excavation shaft, and a portion below each of the connecting portions is integrally formed with the lower connecting body. Bend to the drilling shaft side,
When it is detected by the detector that the drilling direction is bent toward the other excavation shaft with respect to the regular axial direction, according to the degree of the detected hole bending, The main body shaft is positioned relatively lower than the main shaft of the one excavation shaft, and a portion below each connecting portion is bent integrally with the lower connecting body toward the one excavation shaft,
A hole bending correction drilling method in a multi-axis drilling machine, wherein hole drilling is performed while correcting the hole bending.

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