JP2008110442A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool capable of performing a plurality of processes with one machine, forming a finished product from material even for the work which needs the plurality of processes, eliminating the need of positioning of each apparatus for each process at the time of installation, and facilitating relocation or change in the processes. <P>SOLUTION: This machine tool 11 includes a bed 13 installed on a floor surface, a main spindle 19 provided on the bed 13, a table provided on the bed 13, and a loader 39 for carrying the work W on the bed 13. A machining area 27 in which the work W placed on the table 21 is machining by the tool T in which the main spindle 19 and the table 21 are disposed and which is attached onto the main spindle 19 and an auxiliary machining area 29 in which auxiliary machining accompanied by the processing of the work W is performed are provided on the bed 13 by being partitioned from one another, thus carrying the work W between the machining area 27 and the auxiliary machining area 29 with the loader 39. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool that forms a finished product through a plurality of processes.

  In machining using machine tools, machining with machine tools, removal of burrs generated by machining, removal of machining fluids and scraps, measurement of workpieces after machining, work inversion for machining the back side of workpieces, etc. A finished product is formed from the raw material through a plurality of processes including. For this reason, in general, a machine tool for performing various processing steps such as cutting and drilling, a burr removing device for removing burrs, a workpiece cleaning device for performing cleaning, and workpiece measurement are performed on a line. A workpiece measuring device for reversing the workpiece, a workpiece reversing device for reversing the workpiece, etc. are arranged on the line in the order of the processes, and the workpiece is transferred and transferred between the devices manually or by a conveyor such as a conveyor or loader When constructing a production line, a large space is required for installing each device, a transport device, and the like. In addition, when changing the production line, a great deal of labor is required, such as changing the layout of each device and the transport device and relative alignment between the devices.

  In Patent Document 1, in order to facilitate the transfer of workpieces between devices, a transfer case is provided under a transfer mechanism that is supported by a gate-type loader leg and transfers a material supplied by a suction method. The supply mechanism for supplying the set material, the vacuum piping mechanism for a plurality of workpiece feeding pallets having a suction mechanism, the workpiece reversing mechanism, the workpiece cleaning mechanism, and the workpiece discharging mechanism are the same work height. A processing system is disclosed in which a combined conveyance system arranged at a high level is coupled to a machine tool such as a machining center, and a finished product is discharged when a material is supplied.

  In addition, Patent Document 2 is provided with a moving means for a robot for transferring a workpiece between apparatuses for the purpose of reducing the necessary space for manufacturing equipment and easily adapting to changes in the manufacturing process. An industrial robot is disclosed in which a workpiece can be transferred between devices while the robot moves by itself, and a production line can be constructed without changing the layout of each device. Further, Patent Document 2 proposes that the robot is provided with working means for performing work such as machining, inspection, and assembly on the workpiece.

  Further, Patent Document 3 is provided with a plurality of processing elements so as to eliminate the need to use different machine tools for different processing, so that a plurality of types of processing such as cutting and laser processing can be performed in one setup. A composite machine tool is disclosed.

JP-A-6-114671 JP-A-8-290350 Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-61585

  However, in the processing system disclosed in Patent Document 1, devices for different processes such as a supply mechanism, a reversing mechanism, and a workpiece cleaning mechanism are installed on the floor surface, and it is necessary to align each device during installation. There is a problem. In addition, the industrial robot disclosed in Patent Document 2 moves between each device and conveys a workpiece, and there is a problem that alignment between the devices is also necessary when installed. Furthermore, in the complex machine tool disclosed in Patent Document 3, the accompanying processes such as removal of burrs, cleaning, measurement, and reversal cannot be performed in the complex machine tool, and each process is performed. There is a problem that it is necessary to prepare a device and a transport device separately.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to perform a plurality of processes with a single machine, and to form a finished product from a material even for a workpiece that requires a plurality of processes. Another object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool that does not require alignment of devices for each process during installation, and can be easily moved and changed.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, according to the present invention, a bed installed on a floor surface, a spindle provided on the bed and mounted with a tool, and a workpiece provided on the bed and mounted thereon. A machine tool for machining the workpiece by relatively moving the tool mounted on the spindle and the workpiece placed on the table, wherein the machine tool is a workpiece on the bed. A loader for transferring the workpiece, and a machining area in which the workpiece is machined by a tool attached to the spindle and an associated processing area in which a process associated with the machining of the workpiece is performed are partitioned from each other. And a machine tool configured to be provided on the bed and configured such that the loader conveys the workpiece between the processing region and the associated processing region.

  In the machine tool of the present invention, for example, processing associated with workpiece processing, such as workpiece cleaning and measurement, can be performed in the associated processing area on the bed. Therefore, it is possible to perform all the processes from forming the material to the finished product with one machine tool.

In the machine tool, the loader is preferably a multi-joint loader having a plurality of joint operation units. If the loader is an articulated loader as described above, it becomes possible to cope with a change in the posture of the workpiece and the handling of the workpiece becomes easy.
For example, at least one of a cleaning device, a deburring device, a press-fitting device, a workpiece assembly device, a workpiece measuring device, and a workpiece reversing device is disposed in the associated processing area.

  Further, according to the present invention, a bed installed on the floor, a column provided on the bed, a spindle head supported by the column so as to be movable in X, Y and Z axis directions orthogonal to each other, A spindle rotatably supported by the spindle head, a table rotatably provided around the Y axis on the bed, and a workpiece fixture mounted on the table and having at least two workpiece mounting surfaces; A machine tool for machining a workpiece by moving a spindle and a table relative to each other, wherein the periphery of the bed is covered with a splash guard for preventing scattering of machining fluid or machining waste. However, in order to carry the workpiece on the bed, it further includes an articulated loader having a plurality of joint operating portions, and the workpiece is added by a tool attached to the spindle. And at least one of a processing area, a cleaning device, a deburring device, a press-fitting device, a work assembly device, a work measuring device, and a work reversing device is disposed, and a process associated with the processing of the work is performed. A processing area and a partition plate for partitioning the processing area and the accompanying processing area are provided on the bed, so that the loader conveys the workpiece between the processing area and the accompanying processing area. A machine tool configured as described above is provided. In the machine tool, it is preferable that a carry-in area for carrying a material and a carry-out area for discharging a finished product are further provided on the bed.

  According to the machine tool of the present invention, all the processes from forming a finished product to a raw material can be performed with one machine tool. Therefore, there is no need for a dedicated machine for performing processing associated with workpiece processing, such as workpiece cleaning, measurement, and deburring, and positioning between devices during installation is unnecessary. Becomes easier. In addition, if the raw material is supplied to one machine tool, the finished product is discharged. Therefore, it is possible to easily cope with fluctuations in the production amount by increasing or decreasing the number of machine tools.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the machine tool 11 includes a bed 13 installed on a floor surface of a factory or the like, a column 15 erected on the back side on the bed 13, and X, Y, and A spindle head 17 supported by the column 15 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction, a spindle 19 supported rotatably by the spindle head 17, and provided on the bed 13 so as to be rotatable around the B axis and facing the spindle 19. The workpiece T is machined with the tool T while the tool T mounted on the spindle 19 and the workpiece W placed on the table 21 are relatively moved. Here, the X-axis direction is the left-right direction in FIG. 1, the Y-axis direction is the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 1, the Z-axis direction is the front-rear direction perpendicular to the X-axis and Y-axis in FIG. The axis means the direction of rotation around the Y axis. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the spindle head 17 and the spindle 19 move in the X, Y, and Z directions, and the table 21 rotates in the B-axis direction. If the tool T and the workpiece W placed on the table 21 can move relative to each other in the X, Y, Z, and B axis directions, other configurations can be adopted.

  A work fixture 23 is attached on the table 21. In this embodiment, a double-sided scale having two workpiece mounting surfaces 23a and capable of mounting and fixing the workpiece W on each workpiece mounting surface 23a is used as the workpiece fixture 23. . As a result, when machining is completed, the table 21 is rotated so that the workpiece attachment surface 23a to which the machined workpiece W is attached is directed to the opposite side of the main shaft 19 and the workpiece W to be machined next is attached. The following processing is performed with the mounting surface 23a facing the main shaft 19 side, and the processed workpiece W is removed on the workpiece mounting surface 23a facing the main shaft 19 or the workpiece W to be processed next is mounted. I can do it. Note that the workpiece mounting surface is not limited to two surfaces, and may be three or more surfaces. Further, the periphery of the bed 13 of the machine tool 11 is surrounded by a splash guard 25, so that machining fluid and machining waste are prevented from being scattered around during machining.

  Further, on the bed 13 of the machine tool 11, an associated processing area 29 is provided separately from the processing area 27 for processing the workpiece W placed on the table 21 by the tool T mounted on the spindle 19. Here, an accompanying process accompanying the processing is performed. Here, the accompanying process is a process that is necessary in connection with machining and is not performed by the tool T attached to the spindle 19. For example, the accompanying processing includes processing such as workpiece cleaning, deburring, workpiece measurement, workpiece reversal, workpiece assembly, and press-fitting. As shown in FIG. 1, the associated processing area 29 is provided with a workpiece cleaning device 31, a deburring device 33, a workpiece measuring device 35, a workpiece reversing device 37, and a loader 39.

  The workpiece cleaning device 31 performs a process of cleaning the processing waste and the processing liquid adhering to the workpiece W with the cleaning liquid and blowing off the cleaning liquid with air or the like. The deburring device 33 removes, for example, burrs remaining on the periphery of the hole when drilling with a deburring tool. The workpiece measuring device 35 measures whether the workpiece after processing has a desired dimension. As the workpiece measuring device 35, for example, an air micrometer or the like can be used. The workpiece reversing device 37 removes the workpiece W removed from the workpiece fixture 23 in order to machine a portion that cannot be machined when attached to the workpiece fixture 23 such as a double-sided scale when machining of a plurality of surfaces of the workpiece W is required. Is rotated so that it can be attached to the work fixture 23 with the unprocessed surface directed to the main shaft 19. The loader 39 conveys the workpiece W between the workpiece cleaning device 31, the deburring device 33, the workpiece measuring device 35, and the workpiece reversing device 37 in the associated processing area 29, and between the associated processing area 29 and the processing area 27. The workpiece W is transported at As the loader 39, it is preferable to use an articulated robot having a plurality of joint operation units and having a plurality of operation axes. By using such an articulated robot, it is possible to easily change the posture of the workpiece W. Further, although not shown, other devices such as a press-fitting device for press-fitting a bush into a processed hole may be arranged in the associated processing region 29 as needed. Since the workpiece cleaning device 31, the deburring device 33, the workpiece measuring device 35, the workpiece reversing device 37, the loader 39, and the press-fitting device are well-known devices, they will not be described in further detail here.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the processing region 27 and the accompanying processing region 29 are used to prevent the processing waste generated in the processing region 27 and the processing liquid used for processing from entering the accompanying processing region 29. It is preferable to form an independent room partitioned by the partition plate 43. Also. In this case, the partition plate 43 is provided with an opening that can be opened and closed by the shutter 45 so that the loader 39 disposed in the associated processing area 29 can access the processing area 27.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that a carry-in area 47 and a carry-out area 49 are provided on the bed 13. The carry-in area 47 is an area for carrying the material workpiece W supplied to the machine tool 11, and is preferably provided adjacent to the associated process area 29. The carry-out area 49 is an area for discharging the completed work W formed by processing the material work W and performing the accompanying process as a finished product to the outside of the machine tool 11, and preferably the accompanying process area 29. It is preferable to be provided adjacent to. If the carry-in area 47 and the carry-out area 49 are provided adjacent to the incidental process area 29, the loader 39 in the incidental process area 29 causes the loader 39 in the incidental process area 29 to move between each apparatus in the incidental process area 29 and the carry-in area 47 or the carry-out area 49. The workpiece W such as a material workpiece or a completed workpiece can be transferred. Between the carrying-in area | region 47 and the carrying-out area | region 49, and the accompanying process area | region 29, the partition plate which partitions off each area | region may be provided, and it may become a continuous space without providing a partition plate.

Next, a processing procedure by the machine tool 11 shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
First, the material workpiece W is carried into the carry-in area 47 by a conveyor or the like. Then, the material workpiece W is carried into the accompanying processing area 29 by the loader 39 in the accompanying processing area 29 and is transferred into the workpiece cleaning device 31. When the material workpiece W is cleaned by the workpiece cleaning device 31, the shutter 45 of the partition plate 43 is opened, and the cleaned workpiece W is moved from the workpiece cleaning device 31 through the opening of the partition plate 43 by the loader 39 into the processing region. It is conveyed and attached to the work attachment surface 23a of the work attachment 23 (the work attachment surface 23a on the side away from the spindle 19) and fixed. Next, when the loader 39 retreats to the associated processing area 29, the shutter 45 is closed and the processing area 27 is closed. In the machining area 27, the table 21 rotates around the B axis so that the work mounting surface 23 a on the side away from the main shaft 19 is directed to a position facing the main shaft 19. The workpiece W is machined by the tool T mounted on the spindle 19 while being moved relative to the axis. In the meantime, in the accompanying process area 29, the next material workpiece W carried in from the carry-in area 47 is cleaned.

  When the processing of the workpiece W is completed, the shutter 45 of the partition plate 43 is opened again, and the cleaned workpiece W is carried into the processing region 27 from the workpiece cleaning device 31 by the loader 39 and separated from the main shaft 19 in the workpiece fixture 23. It is attached and fixed to the workpiece mounting surface 23a on the side. Next, the table 21 is rotated to move the processed workpiece W attached to the workpiece attachment surface 23a on the spindle 19 side to the side away from the spindle 19, and attached to the workpiece attachment surface 23a on the side away from the spindle 19. The unprocessed workpiece W thus moved is moved to the spindle 19 side. Next, the loader 39 removes the processed workpiece W from the workpiece attachment surface 23a on the side away from the spindle 19, and carries it into the incidental processing area 29 to perform other incidental processing. On the other hand, in the processing region 27, after the shutter 45 is closed and closed, the table 21 is rotated so that the work attachment surface 23a of the work attachment 23 to which the unprocessed work W is attached is opposed to the main shaft 19, and Processing is performed in the same manner as described above.

  The following processing is performed as an accompanying processing for the processed workpiece W. For example, when further processing of a surface different from the processed surface, such as the surface opposite to the surface of the processed workpiece W, is required, the processed workpiece W is transferred to the workpiece reversing device 37 by the loader 39, and the workpiece W is After the reversal, the loader 39 attaches again to the workpiece attachment surface 23a of the workpiece attachment 23 in the machining region 27 so that the unmachined surface is exposed, and the workpiece W is further processed. Further, when the necessary processing has been completed, the work W is transported to the work cleaning device 31 by the loader 39, and the work W is cleaned. When processing that can generate burrs, for example, drilling, is performed, the processed workpiece W is transferred to the deburring device 33 by the loader 39 and subjected to deburring before the workpiece cleaning device 31 performs cleaning. Thereafter, the workpiece is transferred to the workpiece cleaning device 31.

  When the cleaning is completed, the processed workpiece W is transferred from the workpiece cleaning device 31 to the workpiece measuring device 35 by the loader 39 in order to confirm whether or not the workpiece W has been processed to a desired dimension. If the workpiece W does not have a desired dimension, a necessary additional machining amount is calculated from the dimension measurement result, and the machining is performed again. On the other hand, if the desired dimensions are obtained, the processed workpiece W is transported as a finished product from the workpiece measuring device 35 to the unloading area 49 by the loader 39, and unloaded from the unloading area 49 to the next process or the like.

  As described above, when the material work W is supplied, the machine tool 11 of FIG. 1 discharges the completed work W after performing a plurality of steps. Therefore, it is not necessary to construct a complicated production line. Further, if all the devices for the accompanying processing are shipped on the bed 13 of the machine tool 11, the user only has to install the machine tool 11 and the position of the device for the accompanying processing. Matching or the like becomes unnecessary. In addition, since a single machine tool 11 can form a finished product, it is possible to cope with an increase or decrease in the production quantity by increasing or decreasing the number of machine tools 11 and to maintain useless production equipment when the production quantity decreases. Disappears.

  The machine tool 11 of the present invention has been described above with reference to the illustrated embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, a finished product is discharged from one machine tool 11, but the illustrated machine tool 11 is arranged on a serial process line, and in each process. A finished product (that is, a semi-finished product) may be discharged.

It is a figure showing the whole machine tool composition of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Machine tool 13 Bed 19 Spindle 23 Work attachment tool 25 Splash guard 27 Processing area 29 Auxiliary processing area 31 Work washing | cleaning apparatus 33 Deburring apparatus 35 Work measuring apparatus 37 Work inversion apparatus 39 Loader 47 Loading area 49 Unloading area

Claims (5)

The tool mounted on the spindle, comprising: a bed installed on a floor; a spindle provided on the bed and mounted with a tool; and a table provided on the bed and mounted with a workpiece. In a machine tool that processes the workpiece by relatively moving the workpiece placed on the table and
The machine tool further includes a loader for transporting the workpiece on the bed, and a machining area where the workpiece is machined by a tool mounted on the spindle and a process associated with the machining of the workpiece are performed. A machine tool, wherein an accompanying processing area is partitioned from each other and provided on the bed, and the loader conveys the workpiece between the processing area and the accompanying processing area.   The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the loader is a multi-joint loader having a plurality of joint operation units.   3. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein at least one of a cleaning device, a deburring device, a press-fitting device, a workpiece assembly device, a workpiece measuring device, and a workpiece reversing device is disposed in the associated processing area. A bed installed on the floor, a column provided on the bed, a spindle head supported by the column so as to be movable in X, Y and Z axis directions orthogonal to each other, and rotatable to the spindle head A supported main shaft, a table provided on the bed so as to be rotatable around the Y axis, and a work fixture mounted on the table and having at least two work mounting surfaces; Is covered with a splash guard for preventing the scattering of machining fluid or machining waste, and in a machine tool that processes a workpiece by moving the spindle and table relatively,
The machine tool further includes a multi-joint loader having a plurality of joint operation parts for carrying the workpiece on the bed, and a machining area where the workpiece is machined by a tool attached to the spindle, At least one of a cleaning device, a deburring device, a press-fitting device, a workpiece assembly device, a workpiece measuring device, and a workpiece reversing device is disposed, and an associated processing area in which processing associated with the processing of the workpiece is performed, and the processing region And a partition plate for partitioning the process area and the associated process area, and the loader conveys the workpiece between the processing area and the associated process area.   The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a carry-in area for carrying a material and a carry-out area for discharging a finished product on the bed.

Images