JP2008100280A - Inner surface clamping device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve such problems that the alignment keeping work during the aligning work and the welding work have a very important effect on the welding quality for joining two pipes when welding pipes having the self weight from exceeding several hundreds kg over several thousands kg are joined, and have been dependent on a temporary welding or a manual work; an automatic welding machine has not been applicable to at least every work, and an inner surface clamping device is partly put into practical use, but not applicable to the welding of high quality of the large pipes. <P>SOLUTION: A center disk having radial keys or key grooves is provided, and one end face on the outer side forms a plurality of tapered surfaces, i.e., polygonal pyramids. A pressing device is provided, which has a plurality of keys or key grooves while a plurality of radial pressing devices as tapered surfaces are fitted to an opposite surface, and has a tapered surface, i.e., polygonal pyramids equally abutted on a tapered surface of the plurality of radial pressing devices. The hydraulic pressure is applied to the pressing device to perform the alignment by the radial pressing devices to realize the alignment of high accuracy. The high aligning function can be ensured by increasing the hydraulic pressure. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

It relates to a clamp device that performs centering on the inner surface of the pipe or elbow to be joined when welding and joining two pipes or an elbow at the tip of the pipe, and keeps concentricity during welding. is there.

  Patent Publication 9-164491   Japanese Patent No. 3520698   JP-A-9-253888   Patent No. 3010735   JP-A-4-200787

Detailed Description of the Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

When two pipes are welded together, they must be concentric and kept concentric during welding. When the mass of the pipe exceeds several hundred kg to 1000 kg, this operation is not easy, and an inner surface clamping device as shown in FIG. 1 is used. In this apparatus, an inner surface clamping device is inserted into the pipe A201, and the dimensions are adjusted with nuts 214 or the like so that the three rollers 203 at the circumference are equally attached to the inner surface of the pipe A201 as shown in FIG. Then, it is pushed and set to the position where the contact metal 203 hits the joint of the pipe. Next, when the other pipe 202 is fitted to the stopper 203 and positioned in the axial direction so as to hit the pipe A201, air is sent to the air cylinder 205 via the air joint 215, as shown in FIG. By the action of the four trunnions 208 on the circumference, the plunger 204 is extended radially outward, the stopper 203 is pressed against the inside of the pipe 201 and the pipe B202, the two pipes are concentric, and the air pressure is applied as it is. By holding, concentricity is maintained.

When such an inner surface clamping device is applied to a pipe whose pipe mass exceeds several hundred kg to 1000 kg, it is necessary to increase the force for pressing the stopper 203, enlarge the trunnion 208 and the plunger 204, and increase the number. Dimensionally difficult.

Pipes with large mass are often used for high-pressure machinery and equipment such as plants, and inspection by X-rays is required after welding. It is necessary to put out. However, in the device as shown in FIG. 1, the alignment accuracy is insufficient due to insufficient clamping force, concentricity error between the roller and the inner surface clamping device, clearance of the trunnion pin, or elastic deformation of the trunnion or disc. In such an important welded part, if there is a deviation of 1 to 2 mm, reliable welding cannot be performed, and there is a problem that a special jig must be used for temporary attachment by hand. .

Means to solve the problem

A central disc having a plurality of radial keys is sandwiched, and a plurality of radial pushers that are fitted to the key and movable only in the radial direction are provided, and a tapered surface is provided on the opposite side of the radial pusher. And by applying fluid pressure to the axially shaped pusher having the shape of a polygonal pyramid, which is in contact with the taper surfaces of a plurality of radial pushers, the radial pusher is moved into one pipe. The inner surface clamping device is concentric with the pipe seaming portion by being attached to the peripheral surface seaming portion, then the other pipe is mounted, and the fluid pressure is applied in the same manner, whereby the core of the inner surface clamping device and the other pipe are attached. As a result, one pipe and the other pipe are aligned.

In addition, the central disc having a plurality of radial keys, the radial pusher by the taper surface, and the axial pusher having the polygonal pyramid surface abutting on this have small backlash and elastic deformation, and are compact and large force. Can be generated. Therefore, a large inner surface clamping force is generated and kept concentric by applying a fluid pressure during the welding operation.

The invention's effect

Regardless of the accuracy of the moving roller of the inner surface clamping device, the radial clamping force is generated on the tapered surface, so that a compact and large force can be generated. Then, with this force, the seaming part of one pipe is centered by the inner surface clamping device, and the core of the other pipe is aligned accordingly, so that highly accurate alignment can be achieved.

Thin pipes with poor roundness and elastically deformed pipes are corrected to a perfect circle by the large clamping force of the inner surface clamping device.

In addition, since a large force acts on a presser having a polygonal surface and a taper having a tapered surface, a large clamping force can be produced even during welding. From the first layer to the last layer can be arranged with an automatic welding machine, so it is possible to reliably produce a back wave, improve the welding quality by fully automatic welding, and reduce the man-hours.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a form for carrying out the invention. 5 is an illustration of the central disc 3 in which the keys 4 are arranged radially of the inner surface clamping device, and FIG. 6 is a side view as seen from the arrow “D” in FIG. 4 and 6 are examples in which the upper half is a pipe having a large diameter, and the stopper 8 has a large outer diameter, and the lower half is an example of a pipe having a small diameter.

In FIG. 4, the pipe A1 and the pipe B2XX are welded and joined, and when high quality is required, the inner surfaces of the pipe A1 and the pipe B2 are seamed by cutting, and the dimensional accuracy of the diameter and the perfect circle At the same time, by increasing the setting accuracy, a stable back surface can be formed on the inner surface against welding from the outer periphery. The roundness and concentricity are required to have an accuracy of 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm or less even for large diameter pipes having a diameter of the pipe A1 and the pipe B2 of about 300 mm to 1000 mm.

In response to such a demand, the inner surface clamping device has a central disk 3 arranged at the center, and a shaft 9 having two pistons attached to the left and right at the center is tightly attached by tie bolts 6. In the example of FIG. 4, the keys 4 are implanted radially on both surfaces of the central disk 3 as shown in FIG. 5. A radial pusher 5 having a key groove and divided in the circumferential direction is fitted to the key 3, and a tapered surface is formed on the inner side and both side surfaces of the radial pusher 5. An axial pusher 7 having a tapered surface and constituting a polygonal pyramid is made to contact and slide. The axial pusher 7 constitutes a hydraulic cylinder, and the shaft is fitted inside, When a high hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder portion, the structure is such that a large axial pressing force acts on the axial pusher 7. When this axial pressing force acts on the radial pusher 5, it is converted into a radial force on the taper surface, and the radial pusher 5 moves radially, and the pipe A <b> 1 passes through the stopper 8. Or it becomes a pressing force from the inside of the pipe B2.

At this time, since the central disc 3 is provided with the keys 4 in a radial manner as described above, the radial pusher 5 moves so that the entire radius is uniform and the radius is increased. For example, when the stopper 8 hits the inner peripheral surface of the pipe A1 and a force acts on the radial pusher 8, the central disc 3 is set at the center of the pipe A1.

At this time, if the pipe A1 is elastically deformed by a thin tube or the like and has an oval shape, the radial pressing force of the portion having a small inner diameter is increased by the action of the key 4 of the central disk 3. The ellipse of A1 is corrected and becomes a perfect circle.

In the example of FIG. 4, the inner disk clamping device main body constituted by the central disk 3, the left and right axial pushers 5, the shaft 9, the radial pusher 8 and the stopper 11 supports the main body, and the pipe A1 In order to move in, move to a predetermined position and set, a plurality of rollers and links 14, 15 and links 14 for changing the radial position of the roller 17 along the inner diameter of the pipe A1. , 15 are attached to a screw shaft 16 for adjusting the relative position of the screw 15, a screw 18 for fitting to the screw shaft 16 to generate movement and tension, and a handle 19 for turning the screw 18.

On the outer periphery of the stopper 8, a circumferential groove is formed on the inner side of the joint portion between the pipe A <b> 1 and the pipe B <b> 2. Since the circumferential groove is divided, the inert gas leaks from the divided portion, and in order to minimize this, seals in a shape in which the plate is bent in an L shape are attached to the left and right. .

In addition, when pipes are welded, preheating may be required depending on the material of the pipes. In this case, it is necessary to prevent overheating of the oil in the hydraulic cylinder, and the outer periphery of the presser 5 is cooled with cooling water. It has a possible structure.

When the inner surface clamping device is pipe welded, only the pipe A1 is placed in a predetermined position, and the inner surface clamping device is inserted into the pipe A1 from the left side in FIG. 4, and the handle 19 is turned so that the roller 17 is connected to the pipe A1. Adjust along the inner diameter. Next, in the example of FIG. 4, the moving motor 22 is turned on, and the inner surface clamping device is moved to the right side of the pipe A1. At that time, the hydraulic pressure is supplied to the pusher 5 (hydraulic cylinder) on the left side of the inner surface clamp, and the pusher 8 and the stopper 11 are pressed against the inside of the pipe A1. Thereby, the pipe A1 and the inner surface clamping device are concentric. Then, the pipe B2 is fitted to the stopper 11 and the pipe B2 is set. Then, the hydraulic pressure is gently supplied to the right pusher 5 of the inner surface clamping device, and the stopper 8 is attached to the inside of the pipe 2. When the hydraulic pressure of the inner surface clamping device is raised, the inner surface clamping device and the pipe 2 are concentric, and as a result, the pipe A1 and the pipe B2 are completely concentric, and the centering is completed.

In this state, with the hydraulic pressure maintained, an automatic welding machine is installed, and when ready, an inert gas is supplied and automatic welding is performed. Depending on the diameter of the pipe, two places on the circumference are welded simultaneously.

After the automatic welding is completed, the automatic welding machine is removed, and the inner surface clamping device is moved toward the left hand in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, the inner surface clamping device has no moving device such as a roller 17 or positioning device on the right side of the main body, so that a complicated piping member such as an elbow or cheese is not used. It can also be used for welding.

As described above, due to the action of the key 4 provided radially on the central disk 3, the central circle 5 is pressed against the outer periphery of the radial pusher 7 and the stopper 8 when the hydraulic pressure is applied to the axial pusher 5. The center of the plate 3 coincides with the center of the pipe A1. This center and the right axial pusher 5 are operated so that the center of the pipe B2 coincides with the center of the central disc 3, so that the cores of the pipe A1 and the pipe B2 coincide.

The clearance between the key 4 and the key groove of the radial pusher 8 causes a large error in the centering accuracy, but the clearance is very small, so that high accuracy can be obtained.

This is not affected by the accuracy of the moving roller 17 or the like or the setting accuracy. Further, when the pipe A1 or the pipe B2 is a thin-walled tube and is elastically deformed into an ellipse, the pipe A1 or the pipe B2 is welded after being corrected and made into a perfect circle, so that high quality welding can be performed.

Second embodiment

The second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG. 9, and FIG. Also in this embodiment, the structure is integrated by tightening the shaft 106 to which the piston 112 is attached from the left and right with the tie bolts 110 with the central disk 103 interposed therebetween. In this embodiment, a main body frame 120 of a support carriage, which will be described later, is also tightened and integrated at the same time. The central disk 103 is provided with a plurality of key grooves 124 radially as shown in FIG. In the central disk 103, the radial pusher 107 is fitted into the key grooves 124 on both sides in one split, and arranged on the entire circumference. The back surface of the radial pusher 107 that does not contact the central disk 103 is tapered, and this tapered surface is in contact with and slides on the tapered surface of the axial pusher 105 fitted to the piston 106. It has become. The contact surface forms a polygonal pyramid so that the presser 105 can slide smoothly with the plurality of radial pushers 105. The pusher 105 is provided with a cover at both ends, and a piston 112 is provided on the circumference of the shaft 106 and the pusher 105 to constitute a cylinder. By supplying a high-pressure fluid to the pressure chamber of the cylinder, it is possible to generate a large pressing force on the pusher 105.

The axial force acting on the pusher 105 acts so as to sandwich the radial pusher 107 between the central disks 103, and as a result, the radial pusher 107 moves radially outward, When the movement is constrained, it becomes a force and a large radial force is generated. Since the central disk 103 and the shaft 106 are correctly concentric, the concentricity of the pusher 106 fitted thereto is also maintained. Therefore, the radial pusher 107 that contacts the tapered surface of the pusher 106, fits into the key groove 124 of the disc 103, and restrains movement in a direction other than the radial direction is correctly concentric with the center of the central disc 103. Move radially outward in a shape. When the pipe A101 or the pipe B102 is deformed and has an oval shape, it comes into contact with the small-diameter portion first, but as described above, the pusher 105 is only attached to the pusher 107 whose movement is restricted. Since the force acts, a large force acts on the small diameter portion of the pipe A101 or the pipe B102, and the roundness of the pipe A101 or the pipe B102 is corrected. When the pipe A101 or the pipe B102 becomes a perfect circle, the inner surface clamping force becomes uniform all around.

The inner surface clamping device of the present invention can supply a high-pressure fluid independently to the left and right axial pushers 105. From the work procedure, the inner surface of the pipe A101 is first clamped, On the other hand, the center of the inner surface clamping device, that is, the center of the center disk 103 is used as a reference, and on the other hand, by applying fluid pressure to the pusher 105 of the pipe B102 and performing inner surface clamping, the pipe B102 Is accurately aligned with the core of the pipe A101.

In order to obtain high welding quality, the inner peripheral surfaces of the pipe A101 and the pipe B102 are premised on that dimensional accuracy such as inner diameter and roundness is secured by machining. In the inner surface clamping device of the present invention, the contact 109 attached to the tip of the radial pusher 108 is brought into contact with the seaming portion and clamped by applying a radial force.

There is a clearance in the seam in the circumferential direction of the contact metal 108, but here, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a seal 109 shaped like an L-shape is screwed. In the TIG welding, the consumption of this gas when the inert gas is supplied to the circumferential groove formed by the left and right basins 108 without restraining the movement in the circumferential direction and holding the small gap 108 I try to reduce it.

In the actual pipe welding operation using the inner surface clamping device of the present invention, the pipe B102 is centered, concentrically held, and automatically welded with respect to the pipe A101. The procedure is as follows. First, the pipe A101 is set to such a height that it is easy to work. In FIG. 7, the inner surface clamping device is inserted from the left side, and the handle 119 is rotated to attach the roller 115 to the inner surface of the pipe A101. There is no need to make it stick firmly because the core is not crushed with this roller. When the inner surface clamping device is almost centered, the inner surface clamping device is pushed rightward from the left side, and when it reaches the right end of the pipe A101, the axial centers of both the welds and inner surface clamps 108 are aligned, Gently supply the fluid pressure on the pipe A101 side to increase the pressure. When the fluid pressure has risen sufficiently, pipe B2 is made 10 and after confirming that the inner surface clamping force has been sufficiently applied, an automatic welder is attached to pipe 101 or pipe 102, and an inert gas is supplied. Weld. When the first layer is completed, the weld is inspected, the fluid pressure of the inner surface clamp device is released, and it is extracted to the left side of the inner surface clamp device. Then, the welding is enlivened with 2 layers and 3 layers.

Due to the action of the radial key 107 of the central disc 103, the radial push on the taper surface of the axial pusher 105 and the radial pusher 105, and the structure for generating the pushing force, the pipe A101 and the pipe B102 are generated. , Very accurate centering can be achieved, and due to the presser 105 using the polygonal pyramid and the plurality of radial pressers 107, errors such as elastic deformation and backlash are small, and it is compact and has a strong internal clamping force. In welding work, automatic welding is possible from the first layer using an automatic welding machine without manual work such as tacking, and high welding that produces stable back waves. Quality can be ensured. In addition, the center disk 103, the pusher 105, and the radial pusher 107 perform the centering by the inner surface clamp. Therefore, the transport roller 115 and the like are for movement, and the centering and the core holding are simple operations. In addition, since an automatic welding machine can be used over the entire area, the economic effects such as reduction of man-hours are great.

  This is a typical conventional inner surface clamping device.   It is AA sectional drawing of FIG.   It is a side view of the arrow "B" of FIG.   In the cross-sectional view of the inner surface clamping device of the present invention, the upper half is attached to a large-diameter pipe, and the lower half is attached to a small-diameter pipe.   It is a fragmentary sectional view in CC of FIG.   FIG. 5 is a side view of the arrow “D” in FIG. 4.   It is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the inner surface clamping device of the present invention.   It is EE sectional drawing of FIG.   FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view of a radial direction pusher and a metal plate in FIG. 7.   FIG. 10 is a side view of the arrow “F” in FIG. 9.

Explanation of symbols

1, 2, and 3,
201 Pipe A
202 Pipe B
203 Pad 204 204 Plunger 205 Cylinder 206 Piston 207 Disk 208 Trunnion 209 Pin 210 Cover 211 Support body 212 Roller bracket 213 Roller 214 Nut 215 Air joint 216 Air joint In FIGS. 4, 5, and 6,
1 Pipe A
2 Pipe B
3 Central disc 4 Key 5 Pusher 6 Tie bolt 7 Radial pusher 8, 8 'Pad 9 Shaft 10 Nut 11 Seal 12 Piston 13 Roller support member 14 Link 15 Link 16 Screw shaft 17 Roller 18 Screw sleeve 19 Handle 20 Carriage Fixed shaft 21 Bogie body 22 Motor 23 Water cooling cover 24 Inert gas supply pipe XX Welded joint In FIGS. 7, 8 and 9,
101 Pipe A
102 Pipe B
103 Central disc 104 Key 105 Pusher 106 Shaft 107 Radial pusher 108 Brace 109 Seal 110 Tie bolt 111 Nut 112 Piston 113 Link 114 Link 115 Roller 116 Bearing 117 Feed screw shaft 118 Feed screw disc 119 Handle 120 Cart fixed shaft 121 Link 122 Inert gas supply pipe 123 Inert gas supply hole 124 Key groove.

Claims (2)

At the center of a central disc with a plurality of radial key grooves or keys on both left and right sides, a shaft with a piston vertically attached to the left and right is integrally attached, and fitted to the pistons provided on the left and right shafts on both sides. A leak tight cover is provided, and a seal is provided at the shaft penetration of one cover, and it is movable parallel to the shaft, and an axial pusher with a multi-sided tapered surface, that is, a polygonal pyramid, is attached to one side. The taper surface abuts on one surface of the polygonal pyramid of the metal plate between the presser plate and the central disk, the opposite surface contacts the central disk, and the key or the key groove is formed on the central disk. A plurality of radial pushers fitted in the key or keyway are provided, and the left and right spaces are composed of pistons attached to the left and right shafts, pushers, and covers provided on both sides. Pie characterized by being able to supply fluid Inner surface clamping device for welding. 2. The inner surface clamping device according to claim 1, wherein a carriage main body to which a moving roller is attached is fixed to only one of the left and right shafts or an axial pusher, and the inner surface of the pipe can be attached to the inner surface of the pipe. Provided with multiple rollers that can move in the direction.

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