JP2008193842A - Axial gap type rotating electrical machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance the strength of teeth while securing a space factor of winding and a cross sectional area of the teeth. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of substantially square teeth 36 and a plurality of three vertex teeth 38 are annually arranged around a rotary shaft 18a. Two adjacent sides 38a of the vertex teeth 38 are arranged so as to cross with each other at an angle larger than (360/s)°, and the spaces between the teeth 36, 38 are arranged at substantially the same width in the radial direction of a back yoke 34. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an axial gap type rotating electrical machine having a plurality of teeth.

  Conventionally, as a motor, there is an axial gap type motor in which opposing surfaces of a rotor and a stator are arranged along a plane orthogonal to a shaft. In the axial gap type motor, a plurality of teeth are provided around the rotation axis on the surface of the stator facing the rotor.

  In such an axial gap type motor, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, by forming each tooth in a triangular prism shape, a gap (so-called slot) between each tooth can be made substantially equal in the radial direction. . Thereby, each tooth | gear and a coil can be arrange | positioned without a space | gap, and a winding space factor and the cross-sectional area of a tooth | gear can fully be ensured.

JP 2004-56860 A

  However, when all the teeth are formed in a triangular prism shape, the angle on the rotation axis side of the teeth decreases as the number of teeth increases, and the portion becomes a thin and sharp shape, resulting in insufficient strength. In particular, deformation and breakage during processing, and deformation and breakage due to tension when winding are considered.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to make each tooth excellent in strength while ensuring a winding space factor and a cross-sectional area of the tooth.

  In order to solve the above problems, this axial gap rotating electrical machine is an axial gap rotating electrical machine (10, 310, 410, 510, 910) having a rotating shaft (18a), and field elements (20, 320, 520, 920) and s teeth (36, 36C, 36D, 36E, 36F, 38, 38C, 38D, 38F, 438C) disposed around the rotation axis so as to face the field element Armature core (32) having an armature (30, 130, 130B, 230, 330, 430) having a coil (40, 42, 40C, 42C, 40D, 42D) attached to the armature core. 430B, 530, 630, 730, 830, 930), and the s teeth have a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis. A plurality of substantially quadrangular teeth (36, 36C, 36D, 36E, 36F) having portions, two adjacent sides (38a) intersecting on the rotation axis side in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, and the two adjacent arrangements A plurality of three-vertex teeth (38, 38C, 38D, 38F, 438C) having a cross-sectional shape portion surrounded by an outer peripheral side (38b) connecting the sides on the outer peripheral side, Two adjacent sides are set so as to intersect at an angle larger than (360 / s) °, and the distance between the teeth is set to be substantially equal in the radial direction of the back yoke. It is.

  In this case, the s teeth include the same number of the substantially quadrangular teeth (36) and the three apex teeth (38), respectively, and each of the approximately quadrilateral teeth and each of the three apex teeth is the rotation axis. The two adjacent sides of the three apex teeth may be set so as to intersect at approximately (720 / s) °.

  Alternatively, the plurality of teeth includes n (n is an integer of 2 or more) three-vertex teeth (38C) and n × h (h is an integer of 2 or more) substantially rectangular teeth (36C). The n three-vertex teeth are disposed around the rotation axis at intervals, and the substantially square-shaped teeth are spaced apart by n between the n of the three-vertex teeth. In addition, the two adjacent sides of the three vertex teeth may be set so as to intersect at approximately (360 / n) °.

  The armature core includes a back yoke (34C) that magnetically connects the teeth on the side opposite to the field element, and h substantially quadrangular teeth adjacent to the back yoke. The removal part (34Ca) may be formed in the outer peripheral side part.

  Alternatively, the plurality of teeth include m (m is an integer of 2 or more) substantially quadrangular teeth (36D) and m × i (i is an integer of 2 or more) three-vertex teeth (38D). The m substantially quadrangular teeth are arranged with a space around the rotation axis, and i each of the three vertex teeth is provided between each of the m of the substantially square teeth. The two adjacent sides of the three apex teeth may be set so as to intersect at approximately (360 / (m × i)) °.

  The armature core includes back yokes (34, 34B, 34C, 34D, 434, 434C, 434D, 834) for magnetically connecting the teeth on the side opposite to the field element. Also good.

  Further, the back yoke may have fitting recesses (35a, 35b, 35Ba, 35Bb) in which the respective substantially quadrangular teeth and the respective three apex teeth are partially embedded.

  Further, in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, a cross-sectional area of a portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil in each of the substantially square teeth (36, 36C, 36D, 36E, 36F), and each of the three vertex teeth Of (38, 38C, 38D, 38F, 438C), the cross-sectional area of the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil may be substantially the same.

  In addition, in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, the cross-sectional area of the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil in each of the substantially square teeth (36, 36C, 36D, 36E, 36F) is the three vertex teeth. Of (38, 38C, 38D, 38F, 438C), it may be smaller than the cross-sectional area of the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil.

  The s may be 12.

  Further, in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, the cross-sectional area shape of the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil in the substantially square teeth (36, 36C, 36D, 36E, 36F), and the three apexes Of the teeth (38, 38C, 38D, 38F, 438C), at least one of the cross-sectional area shapes corresponding to the winding position of the coil may have a rounded corner shape.

  Moreover, the part which opposes the said field element of at least one among each said substantially square teeth and each said 3 vertex teeth may be formed wide (36Ea, 36Fa, 38Fa).

  The armature is attached to the end of the substantially square teeth on the field element side, and has a first magnetic body portion (250, 250B, 450B) wider than the substantially square teeth, and the three apexes. A second magnetic part (252, 252B, 452B) attached to the end of the teeth on the field element side and wider than between the three apex teeth, the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part; The magnetic body portion may include a substantially disk-shaped magnetic body plate member (254, 254B, 454B) that is coupled in a magnetically independent state.

  The armature is attached to the field element side end of each of the substantially quadrilateral teeth, and has a first magnetic body portion (150, 150B) wider than the substantially quadrilateral teeth, and each of the three apex teeth. A second magnetic part (152, 152B) attached to the field element side end and wider than between the three apex teeth, wherein the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part are You may have the recessed part (150a, 152a) or hole (150Ba, 152Ba) by which the said field element side edge part of each substantially quadrilateral tooth | gear and the said field element side edge part of each said 3 vertex tooth | gear are fitted. .

  Further, wide magnetic cores are provided at the field element side end portions of the substantially quadrangular teeth and the field element side end portions of the three apex teeth, respectively, and slits (254 Bs between the wide magnetic cores). ) May extend in a direction inclined with respect to the radial direction of the armature.

  Further, the armature (330) provided on both sides of the field element (320) is provided, and each of the substantially quadrangular teeth (36) of one of the armatures corresponds to each of the armatures of the other armature. The three vertex teeth (38) of one of the armatures may be opposed to the substantially quadrangular teeth (36) of the other armature, while facing the three vertex teeth (38).

  The field element (320) may include a permanent magnet (324) that exhibits a magnetic pole with respect to the armatures (330).

  Further, each of the coils (640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, 640W2, 640BU1, 640BV1, 640BW1) is distributed in a three-phase manner over a plurality of teeth of the substantially quadrangular teeth and the three vertex teeth. It may be a winding.

  The coils (640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, 640W2, 640BU1, 640BV1, and 640BW1) may be wound so as to be bent along the corners of the respective substantially quadrilateral teeth.

  Further, each of the coils (740U, 740V, 740W, 740BU, 740BV, 740BW) may be a three-phase winding wave-wound over a plurality of the substantially quadrangular teeth and the three vertex teeth.

  The coils (740U, 740V, 740W, 740BU, 740BV, 740BW) are bent along the corners of the substantially quadrangular teeth, and at an angle of approximately 90 ° or more at the corners of the three apex teeth. It may be bent by.

  Further, each of the coils (40, 42, 40C, 42C, 40D, 42D) may be a three-phase winding concentratedly wound around each of the substantially quadrangular teeth and each of the three apex teeth.

  Further, each coil (40) may be a three-phase winding concentratedly wound only on each of the substantially square teeth (36).

  In addition, in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, a portion of the cross-sectional shape of each of the three apex teeth (438C) that faces the coil wound around each of the substantially quadrilateral teeth is a substantially circular shape that is recessed inside. It may be formed in an arc shape.

  The coils (42) may be three-phase windings that are concentratedly wound only on the three apex teeth (38).

  Of the three apex teeth (38, 438C) and the substantially quadrangular teeth (36), the teeth to which the coil (40) is not applied are on the outer peripheral side than the teeth to which the coil (40) is applied. And may be provided in a gap excluding the portion where each coil (40) is disposed.

  Furthermore, wide magnetic cores (450B, 452B) are provided at the field element side end portions of the substantially quadrangular teeth and the field element side end portions of the three apex teeth, respectively. Is substantially the same radial position as the outermost peripheral portion of each of the substantially quadrangular teeth and each of the three apex teeth, or the outer peripheral portion on the outer peripheral side, and the innermost peripheries of each of the approximately quadrilateral teeth and each of the three apex teeth. You may have the substantially same radial direction position as a side part, or the outer peripheral part of the inner peripheral side rather than it.

  Further, the teeth of the three apex teeth (38, 438C) and the substantially quadrangular teeth (36) to which the coil (40) is not applied can be fitted from the outer peripheral side of the back yoke (434D). Fitting recesses (434Da) are formed, and the teeth of the three apex teeth (38, 438C) and the substantially rectangular teeth (36) to which the coil (40) is not applied are formed in the fitting recesses of the back yoke. It may be fitted and fixed to the back yoke.

  The armature core includes a back yoke (834) that magnetically connects the teeth on the side opposite to the field element, and the back yoke includes the substantially square teeth and the three vertices. What was divided | segmented for every those teeth (834a) in the form integrated with the teeth may be joined.

  The field element (20) is a field element that can oppose the entire radial direction of the field element side end face of each of the substantially quadrangular teeth and the entire radial direction of the field element side end face of the three-vertex teeth. You may have a side magnetic body member (26).

  According to this axial gap type rotating electrical machine, the s teeth include a substantially rectangular tooth having a substantially square cross-sectional portion, two adjacent sides that intersect on the rotating shaft side, and the two adjacent sides. Three apex teeth having a cross-sectional shape surrounded by an outer peripheral side connected on the outer peripheral side of the two, and the two adjacent sides of the three apex teeth intersect at an angle larger than (360 / s) ° In addition, the spacing between the teeth is set to be substantially equal in width along the radial direction of the back yoke. For this reason, each tooth | gear and coil can be arrange | positioned, reducing a clearance gap as much as possible, and the winding space factor and the cross-sectional area of a tooth | gear can be ensured. In addition, since the two adjacent sides of the three vertex teeth are set to intersect at an angle larger than (360 / s) °, the three vertex teeth are excellent in strength. Can do.

  In particular, when the s teeth include the same number of the substantially quadrangular teeth and the three apex teeth, the approximately quadrilateral teeth and the three apex teeth are alternately arranged around the rotation axis. In addition, the two adjacent sides of the three vertex teeth are set so as to intersect at approximately (720 / s) °, thereby ensuring the winding space factor and the cross-sectional area of the teeth. The three-vertex teeth can be made excellent in strength.

  In addition, when the number of substantially quadrangular teeth is larger than the number of three-vertex teeth, the n three-vertex teeth are arranged around the rotation axis, and each of the three-vertex teeth is disposed. Between each of the n pieces, each of the substantially square-shaped teeth is disposed at an interval of h pieces, and the two adjacent sides of the three apex teeth are approximately (360 / n) °. By setting so as to intersect, the three-vertex teeth can be made excellent in strength while securing the winding space factor and the cross-sectional area of the teeth. Moreover, the number of substantially square teeth can be increased.

  In addition, when a removal portion is formed on the outer peripheral side portion of the h substantially quadrangular teeth adjacent to the back yoke, the winding is cooled by passing expectation or liquid using the removal portion. The effect can be improved.

  In addition, when the number of the three vertex teeth is larger than the number of the substantially quadrangular teeth, the m substantially quadrangular teeth are arranged at intervals around the rotation axis, and the respective approximately Each of the three apex teeth is arranged at an interval of each of m of the quadrangular teeth, and the two adjacent sides of the three apex teeth are approximately (360 / (mx). i)) It is possible to make the three-vertex teeth excellent in strength while ensuring the winding space factor and the cross-sectional area of the teeth by setting so as to intersect at an angle. In addition, the positions on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of each coil can be relatively aligned.

  Further, when the armature core has a back yoke that magnetically connects the teeth on the side opposite to the field element, the magnetic flux can be smoothly transferred between the teeth.

  Moreover, if the said back yoke has the fitting recessed part in which each said substantially square teeth and each said 3 vertex teeth are embedded partially, each tooth can be hold | maintained firmly at a fixed position. Further, the magnetic flux smoothly passes between the back yoke and each tooth.

  Moreover, the cross-sectional area of the part according to the winding position of the said coil among each said substantially square teeth and the cross-sectional area of the part according to the winding position of the said coil among each said 3 vertex teeth are substantially the same. When the saturation magnetic flux density in each tooth is substantially the same, by making the magnetic flux density substantially uniform in each tooth, the magnetic saturation in each tooth part is alleviated and the tooth part is minimized. Winding space can be as large as possible.

  Further, if the cross-sectional area of the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil in each of the substantially quadrangular teeth is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil in each of the three apex teeth, three apexes When the saturation magnetic flux density of the teeth is small, the magnetic resistance of each tooth is made to be the same so as to alleviate magnetic saturation at each tooth part and minimize the tooth part to minimize the winding space. Largely secured.

  When the cross-sectional area shape of the substantially quadrangular teeth or the three apex teeth has a rounded corner shape, the coil can be prevented from being thickened by the teeth, and the winding space factor can be further improved. it can.

  Moreover, if the part which opposes the said field element of at least one among each said substantially square teeth and each said 3 vertex teeth is formed wide, a collar can be comprised. Thereby, the gap permeance between the field element and the armature can be increased, and a large amount of magnetic flux from the field element side can be linked on the armature side.

  The armature includes a first magnetic body portion wider than the substantially quadrangular teeth and a second magnetic portion wider than between the three apex teeth, and the first magnetic body portions and the respective When the second magnetic body portion includes a substantially disc-shaped magnetic body plate member that is coupled in a magnetically independent state, the integrated magnetic body plate member can be easily attached to the field element of each tooth. Can be attached to the side edge. Further, the magnetic plate member can increase the gap permeance between the field element and the armature so that a large amount of magnetic flux from the field element side can be linked on the armature side.

  Further, the first magnetic body portion and the second magnetic body portion are recessed portions or holes into which the field element side end portions of the respective substantially quadrangular teeth and the field element side end portions of the respective three vertex teeth are fitted. If it has a part, each tooth and each magnetic board member can be positioned easily, and can be strongly combined. Further, the magnetic plate member can increase the gap permeance between the field element and the armature so that a large amount of magnetic flux from the field element side can be linked on the armature side.

  If the slits between the wide magnetic cores extend in a direction inclined with respect to the radial direction of the armature, cogging torque can be reduced by so-called skew.

  Further, if each substantially quadrilateral tooth faces each three apex tooth between the two armatures, the magnetic flux passes through the same number of substantially quadrilateral teeth and three apex teeth in each magnetic circuit. For this reason, the amount of magnetic flux between the armature poles can be balanced.

  When the field element has a permanent magnet that exhibits magnetic poles with respect to the two armatures, magnetic flux passes through the permanent magnet of the field element and passes between the armatures in each magnetic circuit. become. For this reason, the amount of magnetic flux between the armature poles can be more balanced.

  If each of the coils is a three-phase winding with distributed winding, the spatial harmonics of the magnetic flux can be reduced, and vibration and noise can be reduced.

  Further, when the coils are wound so as to be bent at the corners of the substantially rectangular teeth, the bending angle of the coils does not become an acute angle but becomes approximately 90 °. Thereby, while being able to prevent winding of a coil, the circumference of a coil can be made small.

  Further, when each coil is a three-phase winding in which the coil is wound, the spatial harmonics of the magnetic flux can be reduced, and vibration and noise can be reduced. In addition, the total number of coils can be reduced while reducing the number of coils.

  In addition, when the coils are bent along the corners of the substantially quadrilateral teeth and are bent at an angle of approximately 90 ° or more at the corners of the three apex teeth, the coil is prevented from being thickened. In addition, the circumference of the coil can be reduced.

  Further, if each coil is a three-phase winding concentratedly wound on each tooth, the coils can be disposed without overlapping each other, so that the overall size of the rotating electrical machine can be reduced. .

  Further, if each coil is a three-phase winding concentratedly wound only on each of the substantially square teeth, the coils can be arranged without overlapping each other, so that the overall size of the rotating electrical machine can be reduced. It becomes possible. Further, the coil can be wound without bending at an acute angle. Further, since the number of coils can be reduced, the size can be reduced also in this respect.

  Of the cross-sectional shape of each of the three apex teeth, when the portion facing the coil wound around each of the substantially quadrilateral teeth is formed in a substantially arcuate shape recessed inside thereof, In consideration of the thickened winding shape, it is possible to dispose the three apex teeth with as little gap as possible between the coils.

  Further, if each coil is a three-phase winding concentratedly wound only on each of the three apex teeth, the coils can be disposed without overlapping each other, so that the overall size of the rotating electrical machine can be reduced. It becomes possible. In addition, since the number of coils can be reduced, the size can be reduced from this point. In addition, when the substantially quadrilateral teeth are formed of laminated steel sheets, it is difficult to provide rounded corners. It is easy to provide a round. When the corners are rounded, the winding thickness can be reduced when the coil is wound around the teeth.

  Further, among the three vertex teeth and the substantially quadrangular teeth, the teeth that are not subjected to the coil are provided on the outer peripheral side of the teeth to which the coil is applied, and are provided in the gaps excluding the portions where the coils are disposed. In this case, the three apex teeth can be provided by effectively using the gaps between the coils.

  Each of the wide magnetic cores has substantially the same radial position as the outermost peripheral portion of each of the substantially quadrilateral teeth and each of the three apex teeth, or an outer peripheral portion on the outer peripheral side thereof, and each of the substantially quadrilateral teeth and each of the three If the innermost peripheral portion of the apex tooth has substantially the same radial position or the outer peripheral portion on the inner peripheral side, the magnetic flux can be passed between each tooth and the field element with little leakage.

  In addition, when each of the three-vertex teeth and the substantially quadrangular teeth that are not provided with the coil is fitted in each fitting recess of the back yoke and fixed to the back yoke, the three-vertex teeth are backed. The yoke can be fixed by being easily fitted from the outer peripheral side.

  Moreover, the said back yoke can wind a coil directly to each teeth as what was divided | segmented for every teeth and joined.

  In addition, the field element can be opposed to the entire radial direction of the field element side end face of each of the substantially quadrangular teeth and the entire radial direction of the field element side end face of the three apex teeth. If it has a member, a magnetic flux can be passed between each tooth and a field element with little leakage.

{First embodiment}
Hereinafter, the axial gap type motor according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a view showing a cross section of a main part of an axial gap type motor, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a main part of the axial gap type motor, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a stator in the axial gap type motor. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a stator and a magnetic plate in the axial gap type motor.

  This axial gap type motor 10 generates a rotational force around a predetermined rotating shaft 18a, and includes a rotor 20 as a field element and a stator 30 as an armature.

  The stator 30 has a substantially disk-like overall shape and is fixed at a fixed position in the casing 12.

  The rotor 20 also has a substantially disk-like overall shape, and is disposed on one surface side (here, the upper surface side) of the stator 30 via a gap. The rotor 20 is connected and fixed to a shaft 18, and the shaft 18 extends outward (downward here) through the stator 30, and is rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown). As a result, the stator 30 is supported so as to be rotatable about the rotating shaft 18 a that is also the central axis of the shaft 18. Then, the rotational force of the rotor 20 is transmitted to the outside through the shaft 18. This motor is an axial gap type motor in which a rotor 20 as a field element and a stator 30 as an armature face each other with a gap in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a.

  The stator 30 includes a stator core 32 as an armature core and a plurality of coils 40 and 42 attached to the stator core 32. The stator 30 faces the rotor 20 with a gap in a posture in which teeth 36 and 38 to be described later face the rotor 20.

  The stator core 32 includes a substantially disc-shaped back yoke 34 and a plurality of teeth 36 and 38.

  The back yoke 34 is formed in a substantially disc shape by a magnetic material. Here, it is formed of a laminated steel plate in which thin plates such as electromagnetic steel plates extending in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a are laminated in the direction of the rotation shaft 18a. The thin plates to be laminated are, for example, silicon steel plates and other thin plates made of a magnetic material such as amorphous or permalloy. The back yoke 34 is attached and fixed in the casing 12 by press fitting or shrink fitting. Thus, by forming the back yoke 34 with a laminated steel plate, the usage part of a dust core can be reduced more.

  Note that the inner diameter of the back yoke 34 is formed so as not to contact the shaft 18. A bearing that supports the shaft 18 may be provided at a substantially central portion of the back yoke 34. Further, the back yoke 34 may be formed of a dust core.

  The plurality of teeth 36 and 38 are annularly arranged around the rotation shaft 18a so as to protrude from the surface of the back yoke 34 on the side facing the rotor 20. Each of the teeth 36 and 38 protrudes toward the rotor 20 along the direction of the rotary shaft 18a, and coils 40 and 42 are wound around the protruding portion. That is, it is a concentrated winding form in which the coils 40 and 42 are wound around the teeth 36 and 38, respectively. In such concentrated winding, the winding form of the coils 40 and 42 is simple, and the coils 40 and 42 can be arranged densely without overlapping each other in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a. There is an advantage that the amount of copper used as a winding can be reduced. In addition, an insulator such as an insulating film is actually interposed between the coils 40 and 42 and the teeth 36 and 38, but will be omitted in the following description.

  More specifically, there are a total of 12 teeth 36 and 38, and a total of 12 coils 40 and 42 are concentratedly wound on each. Incidentally, the rotor 20 has eight magnetic poles. For example, the coils 40 and 42 are repeatedly arranged in the order of the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase along the circumferential direction of the stator 30, and the three-phase coils 40 and 42 are star-connected. A current is supplied from the inverter circuit. As a result, the coils 40 and 42 are excited to generate magnetic fluxes in the protruding directions of the teeth 36 and 38 so that the rotor 20 rotates. That is, the axial gap type motor 10 corresponds to a concentrated winding 8-pole 12-slot.

  The plurality of teeth 36 and 38 include a plurality of substantially rectangular teeth 36 and a three-vertex tooth 38.

  Each of the teeth 36 and 38 includes a plurality of substantially rectangular teeth 36 and a plurality of three-vertex teeth 38.

  The substantially quadrangular teeth 36 are formed of a dust core obtained by hardening dust. As a dust core, a dust core is preferable because it has a high saturation magnetic flux density.

  However, the substantially rectangular teeth 36 may be formed of a laminated steel plate in which thin plates are laminated. In this case, the substantially rectangular teeth 36 may be formed of a laminated steel plate in which thin plates are laminated in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. In particular, the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 have a substantially quadrangular cross section in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a, and therefore can be easily manufactured by laminating thin plates having substantially the same shape. In addition, as a thin plate laminated | stacked, the thin plate etc. which were formed with magnetic materials, such as an amorphous and a permalloy other than a silicon steel plate, can be used. The material of the substantially square teeth 36 can be appropriately selected according to required characteristics.

  Further, the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 have a substantially quadrangular cross-sectional portion in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. Here, in the present embodiment, the entire substantially quadrangular teeth 36 have a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. Further, the substantially square cross-sectional portion of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 is a rectangle that is long in the radial direction of the back yoke 34 and short in the direction substantially orthogonal to the radial direction. The substantially quadrangular teeth 36 are portions corresponding to the winding portions of the coil 40, and may be any portion having the substantially square cross-sectional shape. For example, as described later, a portion embedded in the back yoke 34 or a rotor The portion facing 20 may have other cross-sectional shapes.

  The coil 40 wound around the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 is wound in a substantially quadrangular ring shape corresponding to the substantially quadrilateral cross-sectional shape of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36. The coil 40 may be directly wound around the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 or may be wound around the substantially quadrilateral teeth 36 by being wound at a location different from the substantially quadrangular teeth 36.

  The three-vertex teeth 38 are formed of a powder magnetic core obtained by solidifying magnetic powder. As a dust core, a dust core is preferable because it has a high saturation magnetic flux density. The three-vertex teeth 38 are two adjacent sides 38a, 38a (see FIG. 4) that are substantially parallel to the side of the cross-sectional portion of the adjacent teeth 36, 38 (see side 36a in FIG. 4) on a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis 18a. 4) and an outer peripheral side 38b that connects these substantially parallel two sides 38a and 38a on the outer peripheral side of the back yoke 34. Here, the outer peripheral side 38b has an arc shape, and thus the cross-sectional shape of the three-vertex tooth 38 is a substantially fan-shaped cross-sectional shape with the central angle directed to the rotation shaft 18a. However, the side 38b on the outer peripheral side may be linear, and the cross-sectional shape of the three-vertex teeth 38 may have a substantially triangular shape. Of the three vertices, one vertex on the inner peripheral side may be flattened by cutting off the tip. At this time, it becomes four vertices microscopically. The three-vertex teeth 38 may be portions corresponding to the winding portion of the coil 40 and may be the above-described substantially fan-shaped or substantially triangular cross-sectional shape portion. For example, as described later, the three-vertex teeth 38 are embedded in the back yoke 34. Other cross-sectional shapes may be applied to the portion to be opposed to the rotor 20 or the like.

  In addition, about this 3 vertex teeth 38, you may be formed with the laminated steel plate by which the thin plate pierced in a different shape is laminated | stacked. The material of the three-vertex teeth 38 can be appropriately selected according to required characteristics.

  However, if each of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 and each of the three apex teeth 38 is formed of a dust core having a relatively high resistivity, an effect of reducing eddy current can be expected.

  The coil 42 wound around the three-vertex teeth 38 is wound in a substantially fan-shaped shape or a substantially triangular-shaped shape corresponding to the substantially fan-shaped cross section or the substantially triangular cross section of the three-vertex teeth 38. The coil 42 may be directly wound around the three-vertex teeth 38 or may be wound around the three-vertex teeth 38 and wound around the three-vertex teeth 38.

  By the way, if the coil 42 is to be wound in an angular shape, the coil 42 cannot be wound in close contact with the angular corner portion, and a winding thickening occurs at the corner portion.

  Therefore, here, in the cross section of the three apex tooth 38, three corners are rounded. Since the three-vertex teeth 38 are formed of a dust core, such rounded corners can be easily formed.

  Thus, in the cross section of the three apex tooth 38, the coil 42 can be wound along the rounded corner by rounding the corner, and the coil 42 can be prevented from being thickened and wound. The line space factor can be further improved.

  The corners of the substantially square teeth 36 may be similarly rounded to prevent the coil 40 from becoming thick.

  The arrangement form of each of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 and the three apex teeth 38 will be described. In the present embodiment, the substantially square teeth 36 and the three vertex teeth 38 are provided in the same number (here, six). The substantially quadrangular teeth 36 and the three apex teeth 38 are alternately and annularly disposed around the rotation shaft 18 a on the surface of the back yoke 34 facing the rotor 20. By adopting such an arrangement form, the teeth 36 and 38 are made substantially equal in width, the cross-sectional area of the teeth 36 and 38 is sufficiently secured, and the coils 40 and 42 are arranged with a high space factor. can do.

  In particular, assuming that the total number of teeth 36, 38 is s (= 12), the angle of each of the three apex teeth 38 on the rotation shaft 18a side is (360 / (s / 2)) °, that is, (720 / s). It is good to set to ゜ (here 60). As a result, the teeth 36 and 38 can be made substantially equal in width to ensure a sufficient cross-sectional area of the teeth 36 and 38 and the coils 40 and 42 can be arranged with a higher space factor. If the angle of each of the three apex teeth 38 on the rotating shaft 18a side is about 60 °, the strength is sufficient, and the coil 42 can be wound without making it too thick. Incidentally, as a comparison object, considering the case where all 12 teeth have a substantially triangular cross section, the angle on the rotating shaft 18a side is 30 °, the strength at the corner is low, and the coil winding The fatness will be quite large.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, the angles of the respective corners of the three-vertex teeth 38 are approximately the same at about 60 °, so that the stress acting on the coil 42 is substantially uniform at all corners, resulting in a local stress burden. Strength reduction can be prevented. If the angle of the corner of the three-vertex teeth 38 is larger than 60 °, the other angles are smaller than 60 ° and become sharper. In order to make each corner of the three-vertex teeth 38 at 60 °, it is sufficient that there are six three-vertex teeth 38, and there may be three or four substantially quadrangular teeth 36. In this case, the windings correspond to 6-pole and 12-pole rotors, respectively.

  Of course, not only in the example of the present embodiment, even when the number of the three-vertex teeth 38 is larger than 6, the angle on the direction of the rotation shaft 18a is set in the same manner as described above as compared with the case where all the teeth are substantially triangular. Since it can be enlarged, it can be made excellent in strength.

  Next, the relationship between the cross-sectional areas of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 and the three-vertex teeth 38 will be described.

  In a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis 18a, a portion of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 corresponding to the winding position of the coil 40 (the portion where the coil 40 is actually wound in this embodiment, the other portion in the following embodiment). And a portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil 42 in the three-vertex teeth 38 (in this embodiment, the coil 42 is actually wound). The cross-sectional area of the portion, which may be a corresponding portion of a coil wound around another portion in the following embodiment) may be substantially the same. This is because the section corresponding to the winding position of the coils 40 and 42 usually has the smallest cross-sectional area.

  Thereby, when the saturation magnetic flux density in each tooth 36 and 38 is substantially the same, the magnetic flux density in each tooth 36 and 38 can be made substantially uniform. The magnetic saturation in each of the teeth 36 and 38 can be alleviated, and the portions of the teeth 36 and 38 can be designed to have a minimum iron amount so that the winding space of the coils 40 and 42 can be secured to the maximum.

  However, since the angle of the corner of the three-vertex teeth 38 is an acute angle and small, it can be considered that magnetic saturation is likely to occur there. In consideration of this, in the plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis 18a, the coil 42 in the winding position of the coil 42 in the three-vertex teeth 38 rather than the cross-sectional area of the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil 40 in the substantially rectangular teeth 36. The cross-sectional area of the corresponding part should be increased. The reason is as follows. As a result, by increasing the magnetic path cross-sectional area of such a three-vertex tooth 38, the magnetic resistance is made to be uniform between the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 and the three-vertex teeth 38 while avoiding magnetic saturation, and the teeth 36, 38. It is possible to reduce the amount of iron to the minimum while relaxing the magnetic saturation.

  Next, a configuration for fixing the teeth 36 and 38 to the back yoke 34 will be described.

  The back yoke 34 has a plurality of fitting recesses 35a and 35b in which the teeth 36 and 38 are partially embedded at positions where the teeth 36 and 38 are disposed. Here, the fitting recesses 35a and 35b have a hole shape penetrating the back yoke 34 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). The fitting recess 35a is a hole in which the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 are embedded, and is formed in a substantially quadrangular hole shape. The fitting recess 35b is a hole in which the three-vertex teeth 38 are embedded, and is formed in a substantially triangular hole shape. Further, the teeth 36 and 38 are formed to be longer than the protrusions from the rotor 20 because the teeth are embedded in the fitting recesses 35a and 35b. The teeth 36 and 38 are fitted into the fitting recesses 35a and 35b, and are fixedly held by press-fitting or adhesive fixing. In this state, the teeth 36 and 38 are magnetically coupled via the back yoke 34.

  FIG. 5 shows a modification of the fitting recess. In this modification, the bottom yoke 34 </ b> B has recessed recesses 35 </ b> Ba and 35 </ b> Bb that do not penetrate. Then, the teeth 36 and 38 are partially fitted in the fitting recesses 35Ba and 35Bb in a non-penetrating manner and fixed and held in the same manner as described above. These fitting recesses 35Ba and 35Bb have the same configuration as the fitting recesses 35a and 35b except that they have a bottom with a predetermined depth.

  Thus, by partially embedding the teeth 36, 38 in the fitting recesses 35a, 35b, 35Ba, 35Bb, the teeth 36, 38 can be firmly held at a fixed position, and the back yoke 34B and each tooth The magnetic flux can be smoothly transferred between 36 and 38, and the strength of the back yoke 34B itself can be increased.

  However, it is desirable that the depth of the fitting recesses 35a, 35b, 35Ba, and 35Bb of the back yokes 34 and 34B is within a range in which the magnetic flux has an axial component. For example, if the magnetic flux density of the back yokes 34 and 34B is substantially close to the saturation region, the magnetic flux flowing between the teeth 36 and 38 passes through the portion of the back yokes 34 and 34B opposite to the rotor 20 and is formed of laminated steel plates. The back yokes 34 and 34B have a large magnetic resistance in the thickness direction. Therefore, the back yoke 34 has fitting recesses 35a and 35b penetrating therethrough so that the magnetic flux can be sufficiently passed between the teeth 36 and 38 and the portions of the back yokes 34 and 34B opposite to the rotor 20 side. Is desirable. Moreover, in this aspect, the shape of the thin plate which comprises the back yoke 34 can be made into one, and the punching metal mold | die for formation can be only one type.

  In other cases, generally, the depth of 35Ba and 35Bb is preferably at least half of the thickness dimension of the back yokes 34 and 34B. As a result, since the magnetic flux can be passed between the back yokes 34 and 34B after the magnetic flux reaches a sufficient depth through the teeth 36 and 38, the magnetic resistance can be lowered and the iron loss can be reduced. Because.

  In FIG. 5, the portion of the stator 30 excluding the protruding portions of the teeth 36 and 38 flows through the embedded portions of the teeth 36 and 38, and passes through the teeth 36 and 38 and the adjacent teeth 36 and 38. There are things that flow to 38. The latter passes through the back yoke 34 itself formed of laminated steel sheets or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor 20 includes an annular rotor-side back yoke 22 attached to the shaft 18 and a plurality of permanent magnets 24 provided on the surface of the rotor-side back yoke 22 on the stator 30 side. Have. A rotor magnetic body 26 is provided on the stator 30 side of the plurality of permanent magnets 24 as a field element side magnetic body member.

  The rotor-side back yoke 22 is formed of a magnetic material such as a laminated steel core or a dust core. The rotor-side back yoke 22 fixes and holds the teeth 36 and 38 and contributes to demagnetization of the permanent magnet 24 and reduction of eddy current loss on the anti-stator 30 side.

  In addition, eight permanent magnets 24 are provided here. Each permanent magnet 24 is annularly arranged on the surface on the stator 30 side of the rotor-side back yoke 22 with an equal interval around the rotation shaft 18a. The permanent magnets 24 are arranged so as to alternately exhibit different polarities around the rotary shaft 18a, and generate magnetic fluxes along the direction of the rotary shaft 18a.

  The rotor magnetic body 26 is formed in a substantially ring plate shape facing the teeth 36 and 38 (see FIGS. 2 and 4). The inner peripheral portion of the rotor magnetic body 26 is on the inner peripheral side with respect to the inner peripheral portions of all the teeth 36, 38, and the outer peripheral portion of the rotor magnetic body 26 is on the outer peripheral side with respect to the outer peripheral portions of all the teeth 36, 38. It is in. That is, as a whole, the rotor magnetic body 26 has a width that can be opposed to the entire radial direction of the end surface on the rotor 20 side of each of the substantially square teeth 36 and the entire radial direction of the end surface on the rotor 20 side of each of the three apex teeth 38. is doing.

  The rotor magnetic body 26 is formed with slits 26 s extending in the radial direction corresponding to the spaces between the permanent magnets 24. The rotor magnetic body 26 is magnetically divided into portions corresponding to the permanent magnets by the slits 26s. The inner peripheral portion of each slit 26s is on the inner peripheral side with respect to the inner peripheral portions of all teeth 36, 38, and the outer peripheral portion of each slit 26s is on the outer peripheral side with respect to the outer peripheral portions of all teeth 36, 38. It is preferable that it exists in.

  This rotor magnetic body 26 concentrates the magnetic flux of each permanent magnet on the portion where each tooth 36, 38 exists when the gap facing surface of each tooth 36, 38 is small, and between each tooth 36, 38 and the rotor 20. It has the role of allowing magnetic flux to pass with little leakage. However, the rotor magnetic body 26 may be omitted.

  A method for manufacturing the axial gap motor 10 configured as described above will be described.

  First, the coils 40 and 42 are mounted around each of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 and each of the three apex teeth 38. At this time, the winding may be directly wound around each of the teeth 36 and 38, or the coils 40 and 42 wound in advance may be externally fitted. Thereafter, the teeth 36 and 38 are fitted into the back yoke 34. At this time, the air gap accuracy can be improved by fitting them into the back yoke 34 with reference to the gap facing surfaces of the teeth 36 and 38.

  Thereafter, the stator 30 is fixed at a fixed position in the casing 12, and the rotor 20 is rotatably incorporated in the casing 12, whereby the axial gap type motor 10 is manufactured.

  According to the axial gap type motor 10 thus configured, the two adjacent sides 38a of the three vertex teeth 38 are set so as to intersect at an angle larger than (360 / s) °, The spacing between the teeth 36 and 38 is set to be substantially equal along the radial direction of the back yoke 34. Therefore, the teeth 38 and 38 and the coils 40 and 42 can be arranged with as little gap as possible, and the winding space factor and the cross-sectional area of the teeth 36 and 38 can be ensured. Further, since the two adjacent sides 38a of the three apex teeth 38 are set so as to intersect at an angle larger than (360 / s) °, the three apex teeth 38 are excellent in strength. Can be.

  In particular, the s teeth 36, 38 include the same number of substantially quadrangular teeth 36 and three apex teeth 38, respectively, and the approximately quadrangular teeth 36 and the three apex teeth 38 are alternately arranged around the rotation axis 18a. In addition, since two adjacent sides 38a of each of the three vertex teeth 38 are set so as to intersect at approximately (720 / s) °, the winding space factor and teeth 36, The three-vertex teeth can be made excellent in strength while securing the cross-sectional area of 38.

  Below, the structure which concerns on the modification of the said 1st Embodiment is demonstrated. In the following description, the same components as those described in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and differences are mainly described.

  First, a modification according to the arrangement of the substantially rectangular teeth 36 and the three-vertex teeth 38 will be described. In the above embodiment, the case where the number of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 and the number of the three-vertex teeth 38 is the same is described, but the number is not necessarily the same.

  FIG. 6 shows an arrangement in the case where the number of substantially quadrangular teeth is larger than the number of three-vertex teeth.

  The example shown in FIG. 6 includes n (n is an integer of 2 or more) three vertex teeth 38C and (n × h) (h is an integer of 2 or more) substantially rectangular teeth 36C. Here, n = 4 and h = 2, that is, four three-vertex teeth 38 </ b> C and twice as many eight substantially quadrangular teeth 36 </ b> C are included. The three-vertex teeth 38C have the same configuration as the three-vertex teeth 38 except for the angle on the rotating shaft 18a side, and the substantially quadrangular teeth 36C have the same configuration as the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 except for the dimensions of each side.

  The n (= 4) three vertex teeth 38C are arranged on the surface of the back yoke 34C on the rotor 20 side with an interval (here, approximately equal intervals) around the rotation shaft 18a. The angle of the three-vertex teeth 38C on the rotating shaft 18a side is (360 / n) °, that is, (360/4) ° = 90 °.

  Further, between each of the n (= 4) pieces of each of the three vertex teeth 38C, each of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36C is arranged at an interval (here, substantially equal intervals) by h (= 2) pieces. In addition, the length of each side of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36C is appropriately set to a size that can be disposed between the three apex teeth 38C.

  The coils 40C and 42C having the same configuration as the coils 40 and 42 are respectively disposed on the substantially quadrangular teeth 36C and the three vertex teeth 38C.

  Accordingly, the three-vertex teeth 38C and the substantially quadrangular teeth 36C can be arranged in a rotationally symmetric shape.

  In the back yoke 34C, a cut portion 34Ca as a removal portion is formed on the outer peripheral side portion of h (= 2) substantially square teeth 36 provided adjacently. Here, a cut portion 34Ca is formed in such a shape that a substantially disk-shaped outer peripheral portion is cut out in a straight line at a position avoiding the substantially square teeth 36 and the coil 40C wound thereon. The other configuration of the back yoke 34C is substantially the same as that of the back yoke 34.

  The arrangement shown in FIG. 6 can achieve the same effects as the above embodiment. In addition, by increasing the ratio of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 </ b> C, the angle of the three-vertex teeth 38 on the rotating shaft 18 a side can be increased. In addition, the gap between the three-vertex teeth 38C and the substantially quadrangular teeth 36C is more inclined with respect to the radial direction of the back yoke 34C, so that the rotor magnetic body 26 is particularly located between the rotor 20 and the stator 30. When there is no such a wide magnetic core, there is a merit that cogging can be reduced.

  Further, since the cut portion 34Ca is formed in the back yoke 34C, the removal effect can be used as a refrigerant passage or a wind passage to improve the cooling effect.

  The substantially quadrangular teeth 36C may have a substantially parallelogram shape on a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. Even in this case, the substantially rectangular teeth 36C can be manufactured by laminating thin plates having the same shape. Further, such a configuration can maintain a constant angle (for example, 60 °) without reducing the corners of the three-vertex teeth even when the number of teeth exceeds 12, for example, in the case of 18. And

  Of course, the outer peripheral portion of the three-vertex teeth 38C may be substantially arcuate or substantially linear.

  Furthermore, the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 </ b> C may be formed in an arcuate curved surface shape centering on the rotation shaft 18 a. Of course, each corner of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36C may be rounded.

  FIG. 7 shows an arrangement in the case where the number of three-vertex teeth is larger than the number of substantially rectangular teeth.

  In the example illustrated in FIG. 7, m (m is an integer of 2 or more) substantially quadrangular teeth 36D and m × i (i is an integer of 2 or more) three-vertex teeth 38D are included. Here, m = 4 and i = 2, that is, four substantially quadrangular teeth 36D and twice that of three three-vertex teeth 38D are included. The three-vertex teeth 38D have the same configuration as the three-vertex teeth 38 except for the angle on the rotating shaft 18a side, and the substantially quadrangular teeth 36D have the same configuration as the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 except for the dimensions of each side.

  The m (= 4) substantially quadrangular teeth 36D are arranged on the surface of the back yoke 34D on the rotor 20 side with an interval (here, approximately equal intervals) around the rotation shaft 18a. In addition, the length of each side of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36D is appropriately set to a size that can be disposed between the three vertex teeth 38D.

  Further, between each of the m (= 4) pieces of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36D, each of the three vertex teeth 38D is disposed at an interval (here, substantially equal intervals) by i (= 2) pieces. The angle of the three-vertex teeth 38D on the rotating shaft 18a side is (360 / (m × i)) °, that is, (360/8) ° = 45 °.

  The coils 40D and 42D having the same configuration as the coils 40 and 42 are respectively disposed on the substantially quadrangular teeth 36D and the three vertex teeth 38D.

  Thus, the three-vertex teeth 38D and the substantially quadrangular teeth 36D can be arranged in a rotationally symmetric shape. Further, such a configuration makes it possible to maintain a constant angle (for example, 60 °) without reducing the corners of the three-vertex teeth even if the number of teeth is less than 12, for example, 9. To do.

  The arrangement shown in FIG. 7 can also achieve the same effects as the above embodiment. In addition, the positions of the outer peripheral side portion and the inner peripheral side portion of each of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36D and the coils 40D, 42D wound around the three apex teeth 38D are along the circumferential direction of the circle centering on the rotation shaft 18a. Can be relatively aligned. Further, the gap between the three-vertex teeth 38D and the substantially quadrangular teeth 36D is more inclined with respect to the radial direction of the back yoke 34D, so that the rotor magnetic body 26 is particularly located between the rotor 20 and the stator 30. When there is no such a wide magnetic core, there is a merit that cogging can be reduced.

  Of course, the outer peripheral portion of the three-vertex teeth 38D may be substantially arc-shaped or substantially linear. Furthermore, you may form the outer peripheral surface and inner peripheral surface of substantially square teeth 36D in the circular-arc-shaped curved surface shape centering on the rotating shaft 18a. Of course, each corner of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36D may be rounded.

  FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a modified example in which a collar is provided on a substantially rectangular tooth.

  The substantially quadrangular teeth 36 </ b> E have a flange portion 36 </ b> Ea extending in the radial direction r of the back yoke 34. The other configuration of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36E is the same as that of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36.

  The collar portion 36Ea has a role of increasing gap permeance between the rotor 20 and the stator 30 so that a large amount of magnetic flux from the rotor 20 is linked on the stator 30 side. Also, it has a role of preventing the coil 40 from coming off. The flange portion 36Ea extending in such a direction can be easily formed simultaneously with the formation of the substantially rectangular teeth 36E.

  FIG. 9 is a view showing a modification in which collars are provided on both the substantially quadrangular teeth and the three-vertex teeth.

  The substantially quadrangular teeth 36 </ b> F have a flange portion 36 </ b> Fa extending in a direction substantially orthogonal to the radial direction r of the back yoke 34. The other configuration of the substantially square teeth 36F is the same as that of the substantially square teeth 36. The flange portion 36Fa extending in such a direction can be easily formed simultaneously with the formation of the substantially rectangular teeth 36F.

  Further, a portion of the three-vertex teeth 38F that faces the rotor 20 that is a field element is formed to be wide over the entire periphery to form a flange portion 38Fa. Since the substantially quadrangular teeth 36F and the three-vertex teeth 38 are formed with a mold or the like, it is easy to provide the above-described collar portion 36Fa and the collar portion 38Fa extending over the entire periphery.

  The collar portions 36Fa and 38Fa have a role of increasing gap permeance between the rotor 20 and the stator 30 so that a large amount of magnetic flux from the rotor 20 is linked on the stator 30 side. Also, it has a role of preventing the coil 40 from coming off. Further, since the slit between the flange portions 36Fa and 38Fa is inclined with respect to the radial direction of the stator 30, it has a so-called skew effect and can reduce the cogging torque.

{Second Embodiment}
The stator of the axial gap type motor according to the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the stator, and FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view showing the stator.

  The stator 130 of the axial gap type motor according to this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that stator collar portions 150 and 152 are provided. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  The stator collar portions 150 and 152 are a first stator collar portion 150 as a first magnetic body portion attached to an end surface of the substantially square teeth 36 on the rotor 20 (see FIG. 1) side, and an end surface of the three-vertex teeth 38 on the rotor 20 side. And a second stator collar 152 as a second magnetic part attached to the.

  Each of the stator collar portions 150 and 152 is formed wider than the end face shape of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 and the three-vertex teeth 38, and here, is formed wider in the entire circumferential direction. Here, each of the stator collar portions 150 and 152 has a plate shape in which a band having a predetermined width is formed in an arc shape.

  In addition, with each stator collar 150, 152 attached to each tooth 36, 38, a gap of a predetermined width is formed between each stator collar 150, 152, and each stator collar 150, 152 is magnetic. Are arranged in an independent state.

  In addition, a substantially rectangular recess 150 a corresponding to the end face shape of the substantially rectangular teeth 36 is formed on one surface of the first stator collar 150. Further, a substantially fan-shaped (or substantially triangular) concave portion 152 a corresponding to the end surface shape of the three-vertex teeth 38 is formed on one surface of the second stator collar portion 152. The stator collars 150 and 152 are fixed to the tips of the teeth 36 and 38 so that the tips of the teeth 36 and 38 are fitted into the recesses 150a and 152a of the stator collars 150 and 152, respectively.

  FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a stator according to a modification, and FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view showing the stator. The stator 130B according to this modification is different from the second embodiment in that holes 150Ba and 152Ba penetrating the first stator collar portions 150B and 152B are formed. The stator collars 150B, 152B are fixed to the tips of the teeth 36, 38 so that the tips of the teeth 36, 38 are fitted into the holes 150Ba, 152Ba of the stator collars 150B, 152B in a penetrating manner. The

  In the second embodiment, the gaps between the rotor 20 and the stator 130 are increased by the respective stator collar portions 150, 152 or 150B, 152B, and a large amount of magnetic flux from the rotor 20 is linked on the stator 130 side. Can do.

  Moreover, each stator collar part 150,152 or 150B, 152B can be easily positioned and fixed to the front-end | tip part of each teeth 36,38 in the surface direction by recessed part 150a, 152a or hole part 150Ba, 152Ba, and can be firmly fixed.

  In particular, in the example shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, since the inner peripheral surfaces of the stator collar portions 150B and 152B are in contact with the side surfaces of the tips of the teeth 36 and 38, the stator collar portions 150B and 152B are connected to the rotary shaft 18a. Even as a laminated steel sheet laminated in the direction, an increase in iron loss can be prevented. On the other hand, in the example shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, since the stator collar portions 150 and 152 are in contact with the tip surfaces of the teeth 36 and 38, the stator collar portions 150 and 152 have a magnetoresistance in the thickness direction. It is preferable to form with a low dust core.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the stator collar portions 150 and 152 are fixed in contact with the tip surfaces of the teeth 36 and 38, so that the positional accuracy, particularly the gap accuracy can be improved. There is a merit that you can.

{Third embodiment}
A stator of an axial gap motor according to the third embodiment will be described. FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing the stator.

  The stator 230 of the axial gap type motor according to the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that an annular stator collar portion 254 as a magnetic plate member is provided. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  The annular stator collar portion 254 includes a first stator collar portion 250 as a first magnetic body portion attached to the rotor 20 side end surface of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 and a second stator flange portion 254 attached to the rotor 20 side end surface of the three-vertex teeth 38. It has a second stator collar portion 252 as a magnetic body portion.

  Each stator collar portion 250, 252 is formed wider than the end face shape of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 and the three-vertex teeth 38, and here, is formed wider in the entire circumferential direction. Here, each of the stator collar portions 250 and 252 is formed in the same shape in a plate shape in which a band having a predetermined width is formed in an arc shape.

  And these stator collar parts 250 and 252 are connected in a substantially annular state in a magnetically independent state, thereby forming an annular stator collar part 254. Here, the stator collar portions 250 and 252 are connected to each other at the outer peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion via a connecting portion 254a. The connecting portion 254a has a sufficiently small cross-sectional area between the stator collar portions 250 and 252 defined by the width and thickness thereof, and is easily magnetically saturated. Therefore, each stator collar portion 250 and 252 Magnetically independent.

  Such an annular stator collar portion 254 can be attached to each of the teeth 36 and 38 by handling the stator collar portions 250 and 252 as one body, so that it can be easily handled and the gap accuracy can be improved. .

  In addition, of course, the gap permeance between the rotor 20 and the stator 230 can be increased by the annular stator collar portion 254, and a large amount of magnetic flux from the rotor 20 (see FIG. 1) side can be linked with the stator 230.

  The material of the annular stator collar 254 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a dust core. Further, when each of the teeth 36 and 38 passes through the annular stator collar portion 254, electromagnetic steel plates laminated along the direction of the rotation shaft 18a may be used as in the second embodiment.

  FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a stator according to a modification of the present embodiment. In this modification, the slits 254Bs between the first stator collar portions 250B and the second stator collar portions 252B of the annular stator collar portion 254B are inclined with respect to the radial direction of the back yoke 34. Here, the slit 254Bs is formed so as to extend along the extending direction of the gap between the teeth 36 and 38.

  This slit 254Bs is a so-called skew and can reduce cogging torque.

{Fourth embodiment}
An axial gap type motor according to the fourth embodiment will be described. FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view showing the axial gap type motor according to the present embodiment.

  The axial gap type motor 310 according to the present embodiment is different from the axial gap type motor 10 according to the first embodiment mainly in that the rotor 320 exhibits magnetic poles on both sides and on both sides of the rotor 320. The difference is that a stator 330 is provided.

  The rotor 320 has a plurality (eight in this case) of permanent magnets 324. Each permanent magnet 324 is fixed and held by a holder 328 made of resin or the like in a state where the permanent magnets 324 are annularly arranged around the rotation shaft 18a at regular intervals. Each permanent magnet 324 is exposed at both end faces of the rotor 320, and alternately exhibits different polarities around the rotation shaft 18 a on both faces of the rotor 320. That is, each permanent magnet 324 also functions as a field magnet for both stators 330.

  Moreover, each structure of both the stators 330 is the same structure as the stator 30 in 1st Embodiment. The teeth 36 and 38 are fixedly installed on both sides of the rotor 320 with a gap in a posture facing the rotor 320. In addition, each substantially quadrilateral tooth 36 of one stator 330 faces each three-vertex tooth 38 of the other stator 330, and each three-vertex tooth 38 of one stator 330 corresponds to each substantially quadrilateral tooth 36 of the other stator 330. Both rotors 320 are fixed in an opposing positional relationship.

  In both stators 330, the U, V, W phases of both teeth 36, 38 are the same, and when viewed from the rotor 320 side, each of the teeth 36, 38 has an opposite magnetic pole. A current is passed through the coils 40 and 42.

  In the axial gap type motor 310 according to the present embodiment, the thrust acting on the shaft is canceled by canceling the magnetic attraction acting on the rotor 320 by the magnetic attraction by the one stator 330 and the magnetic attraction by the other stator 330. There is an advantage that it is possible to reduce the force, thereby suppressing an increase in bearing loss and extending the bearing life.

  In addition, since the substantially square teeth 36 and the three vertex teeth 38 are in a positional relationship facing each other between the stators 330, the magnetic flux is substantially square teeth 36 and 3 in the magnetic circuit constituted by the teeth 36 and 38. Since the same number and the same number of the apex teeth 38 are passed through and the magnetic resistance becomes substantially uniform, a balanced design can be achieved along the rotation direction. For example, a coil excited by the U-phase winding has the same number of three-vertex teeth and substantially square teeth.

  Further, since each permanent magnet 324 exhibits a magnetic pole with respect to both stators 330, magnetic flux passes through both stators 330 through the permanent magnets 324 in each magnetic circuit. For this reason, the amount of magnetic flux and the like can be more balanced between both starters 330.

{Fifth embodiment}
An axial gap type motor according to the fifth embodiment will be described. FIG. 17 is an exploded perspective view showing an axial gap type motor according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing a rotor in the axial gap type motor.

  The axial gap type motor 410 according to the present embodiment is different from the axial gap type motor 10 according to the first embodiment in that the coil 40 is provided only on the substantially square teeth 36 and the arrangement position of the three vertex teeth 38. Is different. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  That is, the stator 430 is provided with a coil 40 as a three-phase winding concentratedly wound only on each substantially quadrangular tooth 36. Each coil 40 is repeatedly arranged in the order of the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase. And the 3 vertex teeth 38 between the coils of two phases among U phase, V phase, and W phase show other one phase. For example, when a U-phase coil 40 and a W-phase coil 40 are applied to two predetermined substantially square teeth 36, Iu + Iv + Iw = 0 in the star connection (Ix indicates a current value flowing in the x-phase). The three apex teeth 38 between them have Iv = −Iu−Iw, indicating the V phase.

  Thus, by winding the coil 40 only on each of the substantially rectangular teeth 36, the coils 40 can be disposed without overlapping each other, and the overall size of the motor 410 can be reduced. Further, all the coils 40 can be bent and wound at a substantially right angle without being bent at an acute angle, effectively preventing thickening of the winding and the like, and miniaturization is possible in this respect. Further, since the number of the coils 40 can be reduced, the size can be reduced also from this point.

  Further, in this stator 430, the fixing positions of the three apex teeth 38 by the back yoke 434 are different from those in the first embodiment, and are fixed on the outer peripheral side of the substantially rectangular teeth 36. That is, the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of the three-vertex teeth 38 are on the outer peripheral side with respect to the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36. The reason for this arrangement is as follows. When the coil 40 is wound around the substantially quadrangular teeth 36, the gap is reduced on the inner peripheral side, and the gap is increased on the outer peripheral side. On the other hand, the three-vertex teeth 38 themselves need to secure a minimum cross-sectional area for allowing magnetic flux to pass therethrough. Therefore, the three-vertex teeth 38 are provided on the outer peripheral side of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 at positions where the coils 40 wound around the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 are provided. The gaps can be disposed between the coils 40 while ensuring a sufficient cross-sectional area by effectively using the gaps. In the case where the coil 42 is wound only on the three-vertex teeth 38, the substantially square teeth 36 may be provided on the outer peripheral side of the three-vertex teeth 38, contrary to the above.

  Further, when the three-vertex teeth 38 are provided on the outer peripheral side as described above, the position of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 and the position of the three-vertex teeth 38 are shifted in the radial direction. Therefore, it is preferable that the rotor magnetic body 426 as a field element side magnetic body member provided on the rotor 20 side is shaped in consideration of each position. That is, the inner peripheral portion of the rotor magnetic body 426 corresponding to the rotor magnetic body 26 of the first embodiment is disposed closer to the inner peripheral side than the inner peripheral portion of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 (see FIG. 20), and the rotor magnetic body. The outer peripheral portion of 426 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the outer peripheral portion of the three-vertex teeth 38 (see FIG. 19), and the entire radial direction of the end surface on the rotor 20 side of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 and the end surface on the rotor 20 side of the three-vertex teeth 38 are arranged. It is preferable that the entire radial direction can be opposed to the rotor magnetic body 426. As a result, the magnetic flux can be passed between the teeth 36, 38 and the rotor 20 with little leakage.

  FIG. 21 is a view showing a modification of the stator according to the present embodiment. The stator 430B according to this modification has an annular stator collar portion 454B. As with the annular stator collar portion 254 according to the third embodiment, the annular stator collar portion 454B is formed by connecting the stator collar portions 450B and 452B, which are wide magnetic cores, in a substantially annular manner with a coupling portion 454Ba in a magnetically independent state. It is configured. The stator collar portions 450B and 452B are substantially the same radial position as the outermost peripheral portion of the teeth 36 and 38, or the outer peripheral portion on the outer peripheral side, and the innermost peripheral portion of the teeth 36 and 38. It has substantially the same radial position or an outer peripheral portion on the inner peripheral side thereof. That is, the annular stator collar portion 254 covers the entire end surface on the rotor 20 side of each of the teeth 36 and 38.

  This annular stator collar 454B allows magnetic flux to pass between the teeth 36, 38 and the rotor 20 with little leakage.

  FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the three-vertex teeth according to the present embodiment. In this modification, in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotating shaft 18a, a portion of the cross-sectional shape of each of the three apex teeth 438C that faces the coil 40 wound around each substantially quadrilateral tooth 36 is substantially recessed inwardly. It is formed in an arc shape. Note that the back yoke 434C supports the three vertex teeth 438C at positions on the outer peripheral side of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 in the same manner as described above.

  By adopting such a substantially arcuate shape, a portion where the outer surface of the coil 40 wound around the substantially quadrangular tooth 36 is curved so that the outer surface of the coil 40 bulges outward due to the thickening of the coil is formed into a substantially arcuate shape of the three-vertex teeth 38. It can be accommodated in a recessed part. Thereby, it is possible to secure a sufficient size by increasing the cross-sectional area of the three-vertex teeth 438C as much as possible while ensuring a sufficient storage space for the coil 40.

  FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing a modification of the back yoke according to the present embodiment. In this modified example, a fitting recess 434Da in which each of the three apex teeth 38 can be fitted from the outer peripheral side of the back yoke 434D, here, a substantially triangular concave shape in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotating shaft 18a. A fitting recess 434Da is formed. Each of the three apex teeth 38 is fitted into the fitting recess 434Da from the outer peripheral side of the back yoke 434D and is fixed to the back yoke 434D.

  In this modification, each of the three vertex teeth 38 can be fixed so as to be easily fitted into the back yoke 434D from the outer peripheral side. Further, in this fixing structure, a recess or protrusion is formed in the fitting portion of the fitting recess 434Da and the three apex teeth 38 along the direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a, and both are fitted. Can be fixed together. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively prevent the three-vertex teeth 38 from being dropped from the back yoke 434D by the thrust force.

  In the present embodiment, the form in which the coil 40 is concentrated and wound only on the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 has been described. However, in the first embodiment, the coil 40 wound on the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 is omitted, and the three-vertex teeth are formed. Alternatively, the coil 42 may be concentrated on only 38. In this case, the substantially square teeth 36 may be fitted from the outer peripheral side of the back yoke. In particular, the three-vertex teeth are suitable when rounded corners are provided. At this time, the substantially quadrangular teeth are arranged so as to extend to the outer peripheral side with respect to the three apex teeth.

  Even in this case, since the coils 42 can be arranged without overlapping, the overall size of the motor can be reduced. Further, since the number of coils 42 can be reduced, it is possible to reduce the size from this point.

{Sixth embodiment}
An axial gap type motor according to the sixth embodiment will be described. FIG. 24 is an exploded perspective view showing an axial gap type motor according to the present embodiment.

  The axial gap type motor 510 according to the present embodiment is different from the axial gap type motor 410 according to the fifth embodiment in that a stator 530 is mainly provided on both surfaces of the rotor 520. The rotor 520 exhibits magnetic poles on both sides, like the rotor 320 according to the fourth embodiment. The stator 530 has the same configuration as the stator 430 according to the fifth embodiment. Other configurations are the same as those in the fifth embodiment, and thus the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  This embodiment also has the advantage that the thrust force can be reduced as in the fourth embodiment.

  Further, the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 of one stator 530 are opposed to the three-vertex teeth 38 of the other stator 530, and the three-vertex teeth 38 of the one stator 530 are opposed to the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 of the other stator 530. is doing.

  As a result, in the magnetic circuit composed of both teeth 36 and 38, the magnetic flux passes through approximately the same number and shape of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 and the three apex teeth 38, and the magnetic resistance becomes substantially uniform. And a well-balanced design.

  Further, since the substantially quadrangular tooth 36 around which the coil 40 is wound is opposed to the three vertex tooth 38 around which the coil is not wound, the three vertex tooth 38 can also function as a clear magnetic pole. . In addition, when the predetermined coil 40 wound around the substantially quadrilateral tooth 36 is a predetermined one of the three phases, the coil 40 of the substantially quadrilateral tooth 36 adjacent to the three apex teeth 38 facing the other coil 40 There are two phases. For example, if the predetermined coil 40 wound around the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 is the U phase, the coils 40 of the approximately quadrangular teeth 36 adjacent to the three apex teeth 38 opposed thereto are the V phase and the W phase.

  It is to be noted that a current flows through each coil 40 so that opposing teeth 36 and 38 of the same phase show opposite magnetic poles when viewed from the rotor 520 side.

{Seventh embodiment}
A stator of an axial gap type motor according to the seventh embodiment will be described. FIG. 25 is a perspective view showing a stator according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 26 is an exploded perspective view showing the stator.

  The stator 630 according to the present embodiment differs from the stator 30 according to the first embodiment in the winding method of the coils 640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  That is, the coils 640 U 1, 640 V 1, 640 W 1, 640 U 2, 640 V 2, and 640 W 2 are distributed over a plurality of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36 and the three vertex teeth 38. More specifically, the upper layer coils 640U1, 640V1, and 640W1 and the lower layer coils 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 have a two-layer structure. The lower coils 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 are wound around two substantially quadrangular teeth 36 that are adjacent to each other with one three-point tooth 38 interposed therebetween. That is, each of the coils 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 is wound so as to be bent along a substantially right-angled corner of each substantially quadrilateral tooth 36. In the lower layer, the coils 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 are arranged so as not to overlap each other. Similarly, the upper coils 640U1, 640V1, and 640W1 are wound around two substantially quadrangular teeth 36 that are adjacent to each other with one three-point tooth 38 interposed therebetween. That is, each of the coils 640U1, 640V1, and 640W1 is also wound so as to be bent along a substantially right-angled corner of each substantially quadrilateral tooth 36. In the upper layer, the coils 640U1, 640V1, and 640W1 are arranged so as not to overlap each other. The upper coil coils 640U1, 640V1, and 640W1 and the lower coil coils 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 are vertically overlapped at both ends in the circumferential direction of the back yoke 34, here, around each substantially rectangular tooth 36. It is arranged like this.

  The coils 640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 are each excited by passing an AC current rectified in three phases, and generate magnetic fluxes along the direction of the rotary shaft 18a in the teeth 36 and 38, respectively. A quadrupole rotating magnetic field is generated.

  According to the present embodiment, since the coils 640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 are three-phase windings distributed over the plurality of teeth 36 and 38, the spatial harmonics of the magnetic flux are reduced. Vibration and noise can be reduced.

  Further, since the coils 640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 are wound so as to be bent at the corners of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36, their bending angles do not become acute angles but become substantially right angles. Thereby, the coil 640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 can be prevented from being thickened and the circumference thereof can be shortened.

  As shown in FIG. 29, each upper coil 640BU1, 640BV1, 640BW1 is bent downward at both ends in the circumferential direction, and the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion are bent upward. It may be. The lower coils 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 and the end portions of the upper coils 640BU1, 640BV1, and 640BW1 may be arranged in a single layer between the teeth 36 and 38. Further, the lower coils 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 may be bent in the opposite direction.

{Eighth embodiment}
A stator of an axial gap type motor according to the eighth embodiment will be described. FIG. 28 is a perspective view showing a stator according to this embodiment, and FIG. 29 is an exploded perspective view showing the stator.

  The stator 730 according to the present embodiment differs from the stator 30 according to the first embodiment in the winding method of the coils 740U, 740V, and 740W. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  That is, the coils 740U, 740V, and 740W are three-phase windings that are wound around a plurality of the teeth 36 and 38.

  More specifically, the coils 740U, 740V, and 740W are wound so as to sew the outer peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of each of the teeth 36 and 38. The coils 740U, 740V, and 740W are wound around the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer in this order from the bottom to the top. The first layer coil 740U is adjacent to two substantially quadrangular teeth 36 that are adjacent to each other with one three-vertex tooth 38 interposed therebetween, and one three-vertex tooth 38 that is opposed to the rotation axis 18a. It is wound over two substantially square teeth 36. The coil 740U is bent along the outer corner of the substantially quadrangular tooth 36, and is bent at an angle of approximately 90 ° or more at the inner corner of the adjacent three-vertex tooth 38. The portion between the bent portions at the inner corners of the three-vertex teeth 38 is curved in an arc shape so as to pass the outer peripheral side of the shaft 18 (see FIG. 1).

  The other coils 740V and 740W are wound around the teeth 36 and 38 in the same manner. These three coils 740U, 740V, and 740W are wound around the rotating shaft 18a in a posture shifted by (360/3) ° = 120 °. Each of the coils 740U, 740V, and 740W partially overlaps in the circumferential direction, and in this case, the coils 740U, 740V, and 740W overlap vertically in the winding portion of the substantially rectangular teeth 36. That is, when viewed in partial units wound around two adjacent quadrangular teeth 36 across one three-vertex teeth 38 among the coils 740U, 740V, and 740W, the arrangement relationship is the same as the distributed winding described above. .

  Then, each coil 740U, 740V, 740W is excited by passing an alternating current rectified in three phases, and a magnetic flux is generated in each of the teeth 36, 38 along the direction of the rotating shaft 18a. Is supposed to occur.

  Since this embodiment is a three-phase winding in which the coils 740U, 740V, and 740W are wound, the spatial harmonics of the magnetic flux can be reduced, and vibration and noise can be reduced. Moreover, the total number of coils 740U, 740V, and 740W can be reduced by reducing the number of coils. Furthermore, there is an advantage that the connection can be reduced even when the number of poles is large.

  In addition, the coils 740U, 740V, and 740W are bent along the outer corners of the substantially quadrangular teeth 36, and are bent at an angle of approximately 90 ° or more at the inner corners of the adjacent three vertex teeth 38. Therefore, the coil 740U, 740V, and 740W can be prevented from being thickened and the circumference of the coil can be reduced.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 29, the part arrange | positioned between each teeth 36 and 38 among the coils 740BU, 740BV, and 740BW is bent below, and the part arrange | positioned between each teeth 36 and 38 is about. In addition to a single layer, the outer peripheral side portion and the inner peripheral side portion may be appropriately folded upward or downward to overlap.

{Ninth embodiment}
A stator of an axial gap type motor according to the ninth embodiment will be described. FIG. 31 is a perspective view showing a stator of an axial gap type motor according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 32 is an exploded perspective view showing the stator.

  The stator 830 according to the present embodiment is different from the stator 30 according to the first embodiment in that the back yoke 834 is divided, and the other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment. The same reference numerals are given and the description is omitted. Here, an example in which a substantially quadrangular tooth 36F having a collar portion 36Fa and a three-vertex tooth 38F having a collar portion 38Fa are provided as in the modification shown in FIG. 9 of the first embodiment.

  That is, in this embodiment, each back yoke 834 is formed of a powder magnetic core or the like, and is integrated with the substantially quadrangular teeth 36F and the three-vertex teeth 38F (if integrated from the beginning, they are integrated later) In other words, the teeth 36F and 38F are divided into substantially fan-shaped yoke division bodies 834a. The division may be performed, for example, at substantially equal intervals and along a straight line along the radial direction. By making a straight cut (joining), the cut surface (joint surface) can be minimized, and an increase in iron loss and magnetic resistance due to the cut surface (joining) can be suppressed.

  Then, after winding the coils 40 and 42 around the teeth 36F and 38F, the stator 830 is manufactured by joining the yoke divided bodies 834a. Note that, depending on the division line, the wound coils 40 and 42 may protrude from the yoke division body 834a. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 32, the yoke divided body 834a having the substantially quadrangular teeth 36F is arranged in an annular shape, and the yoke divided body 834a having the three-vertex teeth 38F therebetween is arranged on the outer periphery. By inserting from the side, the yoke divided body 834a can be joined in an annular shape while avoiding interference between the coils 40,.

  Of course, you may divide | segment so that each coil 40 and 42 may not interfere. Specifically, the teeth 36F and 38F may be divided in the direction of the rotary shaft 18a along the substantially central line parallel to the sides of the opposing portions.

  The stator 830 according to the present embodiment is effective when the flange portions 36Fa and 38Fa are provided at the tips of the teeth 36F and 38F. That is, in such a case, since the coils 40 and 42 cannot be inserted later, a method of winding the coils 40 and 42 directly around the teeth 36F and 38F is employed. At this time, since the teeth 36F and 38F are divided, the coils 40 and 42 can be easily wound. In addition, since the winding method can be performed with high accuracy, for example, the alignment winding can be performed with high accuracy, the space factor of the coils 40 and 42 can be improved.

  In addition, unevenness may be provided between the cut surfaces (joint surfaces) of each yoke divided body 834a so as to achieve positioning between the two. At this time, it is desirable that the coils 40 and 43 do not interfere with the unevenness.

{Tenth embodiment}
An axial gap type motor according to the tenth embodiment will be described. FIG. 33 is an exploded perspective view showing the axial gap type motor according to the present embodiment.

  The axial gap motor 910 according to the present embodiment is different from the axial gap motor 10 according to the first embodiment in that a rotor 920 is provided on both sides of the stator 930, and the stator 930 has a back yoke. There are no differences. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  That is, the stator 930 does not have a back yoke, and the teeth 36 and 38 are disposed in a magnetically independent manner, and the coils 40 and 42 are wound around the teeth 36 and 38. Each of these teeth 36 and 38 is integrated with a non-magnetic material, such as molded with resin as a whole.

  In addition, you may provide the annular stator collar part 254 as shown in FIG. 14 of 3rd Embodiment on the both surfaces side of the stator 930. FIG. In this case, however, it is preferable not to fix and hold the casing 12 (see FIG. 1) or the like using the annular stator collar portion 254 in order to prevent magnetic flux leakage.

  Further, the rotors 920 are rotatably arranged in a posture with the surface on the permanent magnet 24 side facing the upper and lower surfaces of the stator 930 with a gap therebetween. These rotors 920 are connected to the same shaft (not shown).

  Then, by passing a three-phase current through each of the coils 40 and 42, opposite magnetic poles that are 180 ° out of phase with each other are provided on both end faces of the stator 930.

{Modifications}
Note that the configuration of each of the embodiments can be applied not only to the motor but also to the generator.

  In each of the embodiments, the field element is a rotor and the armature is a stator. However, the field element may be a stator and the armature may be a rotor.

  Moreover, the structure which concerns on said each embodiment and each modification can be suitably combined mutually, unless it opposes mutually.

It is a figure which shows the principal part cross section of the axial gap type motor which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a principal part disassembled perspective view of an axial gap type motor same as the above. It is a perspective view which shows the stator in an axial gap type motor same as the above. It is a top view which shows the stator and magnetic body board in an axial gap type motor same as the above. It is a principal part schematic sectional drawing which shows the modification of a fitting recessed part. It is a figure which shows the arrangement | positioning form in case there are many numbers of substantially square teeth. It is a figure which shows the arrangement | positioning form when there are many 3 vertex teeth. It is a perspective view which shows the modification which provided the collar to the substantially square teeth. It is a figure which shows the modification which provided the collar to the substantially square teeth and the 3 vertex teeth. It is a perspective view which shows the stator of the axial gap type motor which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows a stator same as the above. It is a perspective view which shows the stator which concerns on the modification of 2nd Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows a stator same as the above. It is a perspective view which shows the stator of the axial gap type motor which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the stator which concerns on the modification of 3rd Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the axial gap type motor which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the axial gap type motor which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the rotor in an axial gap type motor same as the above. It is sectional drawing which shows the positional relationship of a rotor magnetic body and 3 vertex teeth. It is sectional drawing which shows the positional relationship of a rotor magnetic body and a substantially square teeth. It is a figure which shows the modification of a stator. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of 3 vertex teeth. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of a back yoke. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the axial gap type motor which concerns on 6th Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the stator of the axial gap type motor which concerns on 7th Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows a stator same as the above. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the modification of a coil. It is a perspective view which shows the stator of the axial gap type motor which concerns on 8th Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows a stator same as the above. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the modification of a coil. It is a perspective view which shows the stator of the axial gap type motor which concerns on 9th Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view of a stator same as the above. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the axial gap type motor which concerns on 10th Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

10, 310, 410, 510, 910 Axial gap type motor 18a Rotating shaft 20, 320, 520, 920 Rotor 22 Rotor side back yoke 24, 324 Permanent magnet 26 Rotor magnetic body 26s Slit 30, 130, 130B, 230, 330, 430, 430B, 530, 630, 730, 830, 930 Stator 32 Stator core 34, 34B, 34C, 34D, 434, 434C, 434D, 834 Back yoke 34Ca Cut part 35a, 35b, 35Ba, 35Bb Fitting recess 36, 36C, 36D, 36E, 36F Substantially square teeth 36Ea, 36Fa collar portions 38, 38C, 38D, 38F, 438C Three vertex teeth 38a Adjacent side 38b Outer peripheral side 38Fa collar portions 40, 42, 40C, 42C, 40D, 4 D Coil 150, 152, 150B, 152B, 250, 252, 250B, 252B, 450B, 452B Stator collar 150a, 152a Recess 150Ba, 152Ba Hole 254, 254B, 454B Annular stator collar 254Bs Slit 426 Rotor magnetic body 434Da Combined recess 640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, 640W2 Coil 640BU1, 640BV1, 640BW1 Coil 740U, 740V, 740W Coil 740BU, 740BV, 740BW Coil 834a Yoke division

Claims (30)

An axial gap type rotating electrical machine (10, 310, 410, 510, 910) having a rotating shaft (18a),
Field elements (20, 320, 520, 920);
An armature core having s teeth (36, 36C, 36D, 36E, 36F, 38, 38C, 38D, 38F, 438C) disposed around the rotation axis so as to face the field element ( 32) and coils (40, 42, 40C, 42C, 40D, 42D) attached to the armature core (30, 130, 130B, 230, 330, 430, 430B, 530, 630, 730, 830, 930),
With
The s teeth are
A plurality of substantially quadrilateral teeth (36, 36C, 36D, 36E, 36F) having a substantially square cross-sectional shape portion in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, and on the rotation axis side in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis A plurality of three-vertex teeth (38, 38C, 38D, 38D) having a cross-sectional shape surrounded by two adjacent sides (38a) intersecting and an outer peripheral side (38b) connecting the two adjacent sides on the outer peripheral side thereof 38F, 438C),
The two adjacent sides of the three apex teeth are set so as to intersect at an angle larger than (360 / s) °, and the interval between the teeth is substantially along the radial direction of the back yoke. Axial gap type rotating electrical machine set to equal width. The axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
The s teeth include a plurality of the substantially quadrangular teeth (36) and the three-vertex teeth (38), respectively.
The substantially quadrangular teeth and the three vertex teeth are alternately arranged around the rotation axis, and the two adjacent sides of the three vertex teeth intersect at approximately (720 / s) °. Axial gap type rotating electrical machine set as follows. The axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
The plurality of teeth includes n (n is an integer of 2 or more) three-vertex teeth (38C) and n × h (h is an integer of 2 or more) substantially rectangular teeth (36C).
The n three-vertex teeth are disposed around the rotation axis at intervals, and the substantially square-shaped teeth are spaced apart by n between the n of the three-vertex teeth. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine that is disposed and set so that the two adjacent sides of the three apex teeth intersect at approximately (360 / n) °. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 3,
The armature core has a back yoke (34C) for magnetically connecting the teeth on the side opposite to the field element,
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which a removal portion (34Ca) is formed on an outer peripheral side portion of h substantially quadrangular teeth adjacent to the back yoke. The axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
The plurality of teeth include m (m is an integer of 2 or more) substantially quadrangular teeth (36D) and m × i (i is an integer of 2 or more) three-vertex teeth (38D),
The m substantially quadrangular teeth are arranged around the rotation axis at intervals, and the three apex teeth are spaced i from each of the m of the substantially quadrangular teeth. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which the two adjacent sides of the three apex teeth are set so as to intersect at approximately (360 / (m × i)) °. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The armature core has a back yoke (34, 34B, 34C, 34D, 434, 434C, 434D, 834) that magnetically connects the teeth on the side opposite to the field element, and has an axial gap type rotation. Electric. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 6,
The said back yoke is an axial gap type rotary electric machine which has a fitting recessed part (35a, 35b, 35Ba, 35Bb) by which each said substantially square teeth and each said 3 vertex teeth are partially embedded. It is an axial gap type rotary electric machine in any one of Claims 1-7,
In a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, a cross-sectional area of a portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil in each of the substantially square teeth (36, 36C, 36D, 36E, 36F), and each of the three vertex teeth (38 , 38C, 38D, 38F, 438C), the axial gap type rotating electrical machine has a substantially the same cross-sectional area corresponding to the winding position of the coil. It is an axial gap type rotary electric machine in any one of Claims 1-8,
In the plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, the cross-sectional area of the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil in each of the substantially quadrangular teeth (36, 36C, 36D, 36E, 36F) is the three vertex teeth (38 , 38C, 38D, 38F, 438C) smaller than the cross-sectional area of the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The axial gap type rotating electrical machine, wherein s is 12. It is an axial gap type rotary electric machine in any one of Claims 1-10,
In a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, the cross-sectional area shape of the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil in the substantially rectangular teeth (36, 36C, 36D, 36E, 36F), and the three vertex teeth ( 38, 38C, 38D, 38F, 438C), wherein at least one of the cross-sectional area shapes of the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil has a rounded corner shape. It is an axial gap type rotary electric machine in any one of Claims 1-11,
An axial gap type rotating electric machine in which at least one of the substantially quadrangular teeth and the three apex teeth facing the field element is formed wide (36Ea, 36Fa, 38Fa). It is an axial gap type rotary electric machine in any one of Claims 1-11,
The armature is
A first magnetic body portion (250, 250B, 450B) that is attached to the end of each of the substantially square teeth and is wider than the substantially square teeth;
A second magnetic part (252, 252B, 452B) that is attached to the end of each of the three apex teeth and that is wider than between the three apex teeth;
An axial gap type comprising substantially disk-shaped magnetic plate members (254, 254B, 454B) in which the first magnetic body portions and the second magnetic body portions are coupled in a magnetically independent state. Rotating electric machine. It is an axial gap type rotary electric machine in any one of Claims 1-11,
The armature is
A first magnetic body portion (150, 150B) that is attached to the end of each of the substantially quadrangular teeth and is wider than the substantially quadrangular teeth;
A second magnetic part (152, 152B) that is attached to the end of the three apex teeth on the field element side and is wider than between the three apex teeth;
The first magnetic body portion and the second magnetic body portion are recessed portions (150a, 152a) into which the field element side end portions of the respective substantially quadrangular teeth and the field element side end portions of the respective three vertex teeth are fitted. Or an axial gap type rotating electric machine having a hole (150Ba, 152Ba). It is an axial gap type rotary electric machine in any one of Claims 1-14,
Wide magnetic cores are provided at the field element side end portions of the substantially quadrangular teeth and the field element side end portions of the three vertex teeth, respectively, and slits (254Bs) between the wide magnetic cores are provided. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine extending in a direction inclined with respect to the radial direction of the armature. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 15,
Two armatures (330) provided on both sides of the field element (320),
Each substantially quadrilateral tooth (36) of one armature is opposed to each three-vertex tooth (38) of the other armature,
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which the three apex teeth (38) of one armature are opposed to the substantially quadrangular teeth (36) of the other armature. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 16,
The field element (320) is an axial gap type rotating electric machine having a permanent magnet (324) that exhibits a magnetic pole with respect to the two armatures (330). An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 17,
Each of the coils (640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, 640W2, 640BU1, 640BV1, 640BW1) is a three-phase winding distributed over a plurality of teeth of the substantially quadrangular teeth and the three apex teeth. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine. The axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 18,
Each of the coils (640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, 640W2, 640BU1, 640BV1, 640BW1) is an axial gap type rotating electrical machine wound so as to be bent along the corners of the respective substantially rectangular teeth. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 17,
Each coil (740U, 740V, 740W, 740BU, 740BV, 740BW) is an axial gap type rotating electrical machine that is a three-phase winding wave-wound over a plurality of each of the substantially rectangular teeth and the three apex teeth. . The axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 20,
Each of the coils (740U, 740V, 740W, 740BU, 740BV, 740BW) is bent along the corner of each of the substantially quadrilateral teeth, and is bent at an angle of approximately 90 ° or more at the corner of each of the three apex teeth. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 17,
Each of the coils (40, 42, 40C, 42C, 40D, 42D) is an axial gap type rotating electrical machine that is a three-phase winding concentratedly wound on each of the substantially square teeth and each of the three apex teeth. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 17,
Each said coil (40) is an axial gap type rotary electric machine which is a three-phase coil | winding concentratedly wound only to each said substantially square teeth (36). An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 23,
Of the cross-sectional shape of each of the three apex teeth (438C) on the plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, the portion facing the coil wound around each of the substantially quadrilateral teeth has a substantially arcuate shape recessed inward. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine formed in An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 17,
Each coil (42) is an axial gap type rotating electrical machine which is a three-phase winding concentratedly wound only on each of the three apex teeth (38). It is an axial gap type rotary electric machine in any one of Claims 23-25,
Of each of the three apex teeth (38, 438C) and each of the substantially quadrangular teeth (36), the teeth to which the coil (40) is not applied are on the outer peripheral side than the teeth to which the coil (40) is applied, and An axial gap type rotating electrical machine provided in a gap excluding a portion where each coil (40) is disposed. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 26,
Wide magnetic cores (450B, 452B) are respectively provided at the field element side end portions of the respective substantially quadrangular teeth and the field element side end portions of the respective three vertex teeth.
Each of the wide magnetic cores has substantially the same radial position as the outermost peripheral portion of each of the substantially quadrilateral teeth and each of the three apex teeth, or an outer peripheral portion on the outer peripheral side, and each of the substantially quadrilateral teeth and each of the three apex teeth. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine having substantially the same radial position as that of the innermost peripheral portion or an outer peripheral portion on the inner peripheral side thereof. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 26 or claim 27,
A fitting that can be fitted from the outer peripheral side of the three-vertex teeth (38, 438C) and the substantially rectangular teeth (36) to which the coil (40) is not applied to the outer peripheral portion of the back yoke (434D). A joint recess (434 Da) is formed,
Of each of the three apex teeth (38, 438C) and each of the substantially rectangular teeth (36), a tooth to which the coil (40) is not applied is fitted into each fitting recess of the back yoke and fixed to the back yoke. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine. It is an axial gap type rotary electric machine in any one of Claims 22-27,
The armature core has a back yoke (834) that magnetically connects the teeth on the side opposite to the field element,
The back gap is an axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which the parts (834a) divided for each of the teeth in a form integrated with the substantially quadrangular teeth and the three vertex teeth are joined. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 29,
The field element (20) is configured to be opposed to the entire radial direction of the field element side end face of each of the substantially quadrangular teeth and the entire radial direction of the field element side end face of the three-vertex teeth. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine having a body member (26).

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