JP2008189750A - Method for crushing waste material and device for the same, and method for treating the waste material and device for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for crushing waste materials for crushing the waste materials of thermosetting resins, and a method for treating the waste materials and a device for the same. <P>SOLUTION: This waste material-crushing device 2 is equipped with a liquefying vessel 21 for heating the waste materials fed to the inside of the vessel, a steam-generating device 11 for filling the steam in the liquefying vessel 21 and a crushing device 22 for crushing the heated waste materials in the liquefying vessel 21. Also, the waste material-treating device 1 is provided by installing a vaporized material-taking out port 21a for taking out the volatilized vaporized material at the liquefying vessel 21 of the waste material-crushing device 2 and an oil and water-separating device 25 for separating the oils and water of the vaporized material taken out from the vaporized material-taking out port 21. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention, for example, crushes waste made from thermosetting resin, such as car bumpers and motor boat casings, which are made of FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics), which is a kind of thermosetting resin. The present invention relates to a waste crushing method and apparatus, and a waste treatment method and apparatus.

  Conventionally, waste that has been used has been destroyed and discarded, or separated and reused. As a method for destroying the waste, for example, a waste plastic separation and recovery method is proposed in which the waste plastic is heated at about 140 °, the volume of foamed polystyrene in the waste plastic is reduced, and the waste plastic is pulverized (patent). Reference 1). In addition, a method for processing an electronic component-mounted printed wiring board has been proposed in which the electronic component-mounted printed wiring board is carbonized at a low temperature to carbonize the combustible portion, and is cooled and crushed (see Patent Document 2).

  However, these methods cannot destroy wastes caused by thermosetting resins containing flame retardants or thermoplastic materials in thermosetting materials such as car bumpers and motor boat casings. For this reason, the present condition is that the waste by such a member is discarded as it is, without destroying.

JP 2000-153525 A JP 2001-81519 A

  In view of the above-described problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a waste crushing method and apparatus for crushing thermosetting resin waste, and a waste treatment method and apparatus.

  The present invention includes a steam supply process for filling a steam in a heating tank, a heating process for heating waste supplied in a tank of a heating tank filled with steam, and a waste heated in the heating tank. A waste crushing method having a crushing step of crushing an object with a crushing means, and an apparatus therefor.

  Also, the present invention is a steam supply process for filling the heating tank with steam, a heating process for heating the waste supplied to the tank of the heating tank filled with steam, and the heating tank heated by the heating tank. A waste treatment method having a crushing step of crushing waste with a crushing means, and an oil-water separation step of taking out the vaporized material volatilized in the heating tank and separating the vaporized material with an oil-water separator, and the apparatus It is characterized by being.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a waste crushing method and apparatus, and a waste treatment method and apparatus for crushing waste of a member in which a thermosetting material contains a flame retardant or a thermoplastic material.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing configurations of the waste treatment apparatus 1 and the waste crushing apparatus 2, and FIG. 2 is a flowchart of steps performed by the waste treatment apparatus 1.

The waste treatment apparatus 1 includes a steam generator 11, a volume reduction tank 12, a deodorizing apparatus 13, an oiling tank 21, a crushing apparatus 22, a chlorine removing apparatus 23, a cooling apparatus 24, and an oil / water separation apparatus. 25, an oil tank 26, a mix changer 27, and a water tank 28 are provided.
Among these, the waste crushing apparatus 2 is comprised by the water vapor generator 11, the volume reduction tank 12, the oilification tank 21, and the crushing apparatus 22. FIG.

  The steam generator 11 performs a steam supply step of supplying the heated steam to the volume reduction tank 12 and the oilification tank 21 (step S1). The temperature of the water vapor supplied to the volume reduction tank 12 is set to the same or substantially the same temperature as the heating temperature (about 200 degrees Celsius) of the volume reduction tank 12 by a temperature adjusting mechanism (not shown). The temperature of the water vapor supplied to the oilification tank 21 is the same as or substantially the same as the heating temperature of the oilification tank 21 (about 400 to 500 degrees Celsius, preferably about 450 degrees Celsius) by a temperature adjusting mechanism (not shown). The temperature is at.

  The volume reduction tank 12 is a device that reduces the volume by heating the waste introduced from the inlet to about 200 degrees Celsius. A volume reduction process (step S2) is performed by the volume reduction tank 12. The inlet of the volume reduction tank 12 allows the input of waste such as FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics), waste plastic, and waste oil. An oiling tank 21 is provided at the subsequent stage of the volume reducing tank 12, and the volume reducing tank 12 sends the solid and liquid after volume reduction to the oiling tank 21. Moreover, the volume reduction tank 12 sends out the gas with an odor to the deodorizing apparatus 13 of a back | latter stage.

  The deodorizing device 13 deodorizes and burns the gas supplied from the volume reduction tank 12 and exhausts the cleaned gas. A deodorizing step (step S3) is performed by the deodorizing device 13. The deodorizing device 13 performs deodorization and combustion with a single device, but the deodorizing device and the combustion device may be provided separately in this order and burned after deodorization.

  The oilification tank 21 performs an oilification process (step S4) in which the waste after volume reduction supplied from the volume reduction tank 12 is heated to oily. The oil tank 21 heats the temperature of the tank (kettle) itself to about 400 to 500 degrees Celsius, preferably about 450 degrees Celsius, and supplies the steam at the same temperature or substantially the same temperature supplied from the steam generator 11. The tank is filled and the waste is heated in this environment.

  Here, it is preferable to raise the temperature of the oilification tank 21 to a temperature at which combustibles contained in the waste permitted to be charged are normally burned. In this embodiment, the purpose of acquiring A heavy oil as recycled oil is also used. Taking into account, it is set to about 400 ° to 500 °.

  The waste in the liquefaction tank 21 rises in temperature without burning due to the presence of water vapor. Then, the oil component in the waste is volatilized to become a vaporized substance, and is sent to the chlorine removing device 23 from the vaporized substance outlet 21a.

In addition, for wastes made of thermosetting resin, such as car bumpers and motor boat casings made of FRP members, which are a kind of thermosetting resin, the flame retardant contained in the members by heating The soluble material (bromine) and thermoplastic member melt and separate from residual materials such as hardeners, metals, bromine and antimony trioxide. Therefore, the flame-retardant member and thermoplastic member near the surface of the waste flow out of the waste, and components such as the flame-retardant member and thermoplastic member embedded inside the waste remain separated inside. .
Also, when tire waste used in automobiles or the like is thrown in, the rubber-based material melts into a liquid and is separated from the remaining solid matter.

  The solid matter remaining after being heated by the oil bath 21 is in a state where the components are separated and embrittled as described above. For this reason, even if it is FRP which is very hard and difficult to crush, for example, the solid matter that has come out of the oilification tank 21 can be destroyed when an ordinary person applies force with bare hands. Therefore, the waste embrittlement apparatus can be constituted by the steam generator 11, the volume reduction tank 12, and the oilification tank 21.

  The crushing device 22 receives the supply of the solid matter that has been heated in the oil bath 21 and performs a breaking step (step S5) that crushes the solid matter into pieces. Here, since a thermosetting resin such as FRP is a material in which a curing material, a plastic material, and a flame retardant material are mixed, it is usually very difficult to crush as it is. However, since the thermosetting resin and the flame retardant member or the thermoplastic member are separated in the oilification tank 21, the solid matter that is a residue is easily destroyed. Also, tires are difficult to crush if originally intended, but the remaining solid matter is easily destroyed because the rubber-based material has melted. Therefore, the crushing device 22 can easily crush the supplied solid matter without any problem.

  The chlorine removing device 23 performs a chlorine removing step (step S6) for removing chlorine (halogen) from the vaporized material supplied from the vaporized material outlet 21a of the oil tank 21. The chlorine removing device 23 sends the vaporized material after chlorine removal to the subsequent cooling device 24.

  The cooling device 24 performs a cooling process (step S7) in which the vaporized material supplied from the chlorine removing device 23 is cooled and liquefied. The cooling device 24 sends the liquefied liquid to the oil / water separator 25 at the subsequent stage.

  The oil / water separator 25 performs an oil / water separation step (step S <b> 8) for separating the liquid oil supplied from the cooling device 24. The oil / water separator 25 supplies the separated oil to the oil tank 26 and supplies the separated water to the mix changer 27.

  The oil tank 26 stores the oil supplied from the oil / water separator 25 and allows the oil to be taken out as recycled oil. In this embodiment, A heavy oil is obtained as recycled oil. Further, the oil tank 26 reuses a part of the oil as the oil for the burner of the water vapor generator 11.

  The mix changer 27 is a device that separates and purifies water supplied from the oil tank 26. The mix changer 27 sends the purified water to the subsequent water tank 28.

  The water tank 28 is a device that stores water supplied from the mix changer 27 and drains it as necessary. In addition, the water vapor generator 11 is provided at the subsequent stage of the water tank 28, and a part of the water is reused in the water vapor generator 11.

With the above configuration and operation, the waste treatment apparatus 1 can liquefy the waste to obtain A heavy oil, and crush the thermosetting resin such as FRP by the waste crushing apparatus 2 portion. it can.
Crushing of the thermosetting resin is performed after separating the curable substance from the flame-retardant member and the thermoplastic member by heating in the oil bath 21 filled with water vapor. The thermosetting resin can be easily crushed.

  Moreover, since the inside of the oilification tank 21 is filled with water vapor and oxygen is removed, it is possible to prevent combustibles from burning even when heated to a high temperature of 400 to 500 degrees Celsius. Thereby, the certainty of isolation | separation of a sclerosing | hardenable substance, a flame-retardant member, and a thermoplastic member can be improved, and it can prevent that the tank surface of the oilification tank 21 is sooted.

  If FRP, waste plastic, waste oil, or the like is introduced as waste by this waste treatment apparatus 1, oil and moisture can be extracted from this waste and reused, and the remaining solids can be reliably Can be crushed. Therefore, waste can be processed efficiently.

  In addition, in the above embodiment, although the volume reduction tank 12 and the oilification tank 21 were provided separately, you may integrate and provide as an oilification tank. In this case, the waste treatment apparatus 1 and the waste crushing apparatus 2 can be reduced in size.

  Further, the waste treatment apparatus 1 or the waste crushing apparatus 2 may be installed in a facility such as a hospital or an elderly facility and used as a volume-reducing carbonization apparatus. In this case, if wastes used in the hospital, such as plastic, tableware, sheets, and injection needles, are put into the volume reduction tank 12, the crushed material that has been reduced in volume and sterilized is discharged from the crushing device 22. Become. That is, the input waste is reduced in volume in the volume reduction tank 12, carbonized and sterilized in the oilification tank 21, and crushed into pieces by the crushing device 22. As a result, it is possible to safely sterilize and reduce the volume of waste that may be used in hospitals and to which bacteria are attached, and facilitate subsequent handling.

In correspondence between the configuration of the present invention and the above-described embodiment,
The steam supply means of the present invention corresponds to the steam generator 11 of the embodiment,
Similarly,
The heating tank corresponds to the oil tank 21,
The tank corresponds to the hook of the oilification tank 21,
The vaporization take-out part corresponds to the vaporization take-out port 21a,
The crushing means corresponds to the crushing device 22,
The steam supply process corresponds to step S1,
The heating process corresponds to step S4,
The crushing process corresponds to step S5,
The oil / water separation step corresponds to step S8,
The present invention is not limited only to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and many embodiments can be obtained.

The block diagram of a waste disposal apparatus and a waste crushing apparatus. The flowchart of the process which a waste disposal apparatus implements.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Waste processing apparatus, 2 ... Waste crushing apparatus, 11 ... Water vapor generation apparatus, 21 ... Oilification tank 21a ... Vaporized material removal outlet, 22 ... Crushing apparatus, 25 ... Oil-water separation apparatus

Claims (9)

A steam supply process for filling the heating tank with steam;
A heating step for heating the waste supplied into the tank of the heating tank filled with steam;
A waste crushing method comprising a crushing step of crushing the waste heated in the heating tank with a crushing means. A heating tank for heating the waste supplied in the tank;
Steam supply means for filling the heating tank with steam;
A waste crushing device comprising crushing means for crushing waste heated in the heating tank. The waste crushing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the waste is a member containing a thermosetting material. The waste crushing apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the tank temperature of the heating tank and the steam temperature in the tank of the steam supplied into the tank by the steam supply means are the same or substantially the same. The waste crushing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the bath temperature and the steam temperature are about 400 ° to 500 °. A steam supply process for filling the heating tank with steam;
A heating step for heating the waste supplied into the tank of the heating tank filled with steam;
A crushing step of crushing the waste heated in the heating tank by crushing means;
A waste disposal method comprising: an oil / water separation step of taking out the vaporized material volatilized in the heating tank and separating the vaporized material with an oil / water separator. A heating tank for heating the waste supplied in the tank;
Steam supply means for filling the heating tank with steam;
Crushing means for crushing waste heated in the heating tank,
The heating tank has a vaporized substance take-out portion for taking out vaporized vaporized substances,
A waste treatment apparatus comprising an oil / water separator for separating the vaporized substance taken out from the vaporized substance take-out section into oil / water. A steam supply process for filling the heating tank with steam;
A waste embrittlement method comprising: a heating step of heating waste supplied into a tank of a heating tank filled with steam. A heating tank for heating the waste supplied in the tank;
A waste embrittlement apparatus comprising a steam supply means for filling the heating tank with steam.

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