JP2008188037A - Dental devices, tools and handpieces - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the density of an alveolar bone around an implant implantation fossa, and to engraft an implant body implanted in the implant implantation fossa thus increased in the surrounding bone density A device for forming an implant cavity is also provided.
Pin-like members 2 to 4 are press-fitted into a temporary hole 1 for forming an implant setting cavity 5 formed in an alveolar bone 10, and the diameter of the temporary hole is increased by press-fitting into the temporary hole 1. A dental device for implant implantation fossa formation that compresses the alveolar bone around the hole.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a dental device that does not have a sufficient thickness or mass for an alveolar bone for implanting an implant, and that makes it possible to properly implant an implant even for patients who have difficulty in setting the implant or have been out of indication. In detail, in order to easily perform an intraoral operation for implanting an implant using a device for expanding an implant implantation cavity, an intraosseous bone fragment collection / transplantation tool, and an implant using the same Related to handpieces.

  In a dental implant, an implant body (a cylindrical object made of pure titanium or a titanium alloy) is used by being implanted (planted) in a jawbone without teeth. Therefore, conventionally, manufacturers related to dental implants form not only the implant body but also a tool (for example, a hole for embedding the implant body in the jaw bone (alveolar bone)) for implanting the implant body. Have been studied and various proposals have been made (for example, Patent Document 1).

  In recent years, with the widespread use of dental implants, technologies for completing predetermined bone crests with bone grafting or bone growth factors for cases with a low alveolar bone diameter or a narrow bone width, and extraction orbital bone formation Various proposals have also been made regarding techniques for inserting implants later (Patent Documents 2 to 9), and osteotome techniques for expanding bone cavities, drill devices (Patent Documents 10 and 11), and holes formed in bones. Proposals have also been made on techniques for spreading (Patent Documents 12, 13, etc.).

  However, the techniques described in these prior literatures have a problem of implanting without compromising the complex and multifunctional oral function, and the bone quality is fragile. ) The technology that makes it possible to set up implants for patients who have difficulty in themselves, and the jigs used therefor have not been fully studied.

In recent years, a particular problem has been in the middle of patients who can and cannot easily implant implants as implants become more widespread, and the alveolar bone for implanting the implant is not thick enough. Whether or not an implant can be implanted is an application of an implant to a delicate patient. In general, in the case of the above patient, the thin alveolar bone and the bone defect site are covered with bone fragments or plate-like bone, and further covered with a membrane such as titanium mesh, After fixing with an object and waiting for 2 to 6 months to increase the thickness of the alveolar bone, a hole (a fossa) is formed with a drill in a site where the membrane is peeled off, and an implant is implanted. However, with such a technique, there are many elderly patients who desire an implant, and in addition to the thickness of the alveolar bone, the bone density of the alveolar bone is often small, and many patients cannot use the above technique.
US Pat. No. 6,869,282 JP-A-5-64646 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-23982 US Patent No. 7004974 JP-T-2005-533597 JP 2002-224141 A US Patent Application Publication No. 2002/0009692 Japanese translation of PCT publication No. 2004-527273 US Pat. No. 6,912,264 US Pat. No. 6,899,715 US Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0064368 US Patent Application Publication No. 2002/0172923 US Pat. No. 6,146,138

The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and the problem to be solved is that the density of the alveolar bone around the implant implantation fossa can be easily and rapidly increased, and Another object of the present invention is to provide a device for forming an implant cavity that can shorten the survival time of an implant body embedded in the implant implant cavity having a high bone density.
Another problem is a dental saw tool that makes it possible to easily collect bone fragments to be refilled for implant implantation from the mandible, especially the buccal side of the lower jaw corner and the buttocks. Is to provide.
Another problem is that the saw tool can be attached and detached with one touch, and the attached tool can be reciprocated up and down (vertical motion) to extract the mandible in a strip shape with minimal invasiveness. It is to provide a dental handpiece.
Another problem is that the above-mentioned saw tool can be attached and detached with a single touch, and the attached tool can be reciprocated horizontally to extract the mandible into a strip shape with minimal invasiveness. Is to provide a piece.
Another object is to provide a dental drill that is excellent in the extraction efficiency and cooling function of bone fragments to be replenished for implant implantation.
Another object is to provide a dental bone fragment grinder for efficiently generating a dental bone fragment that can shorten the implant survival period.

  As a result of diligent research to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors have made a temporary hole at a site where an alveolar bone implant is to be implanted, and press-fitted a pin-like member into the temporary hole to expand the hole. This increases the bone density of the alveolar bone around the hole, and by devising the shape of the blade plate and drill with saw blades, bone fragments to be implanted on the inner surface of the implant implantation fossa can be easily collected by intraoral work As a result of finding out what can be done and further research based on this finding, the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention
(1) A pin-like member that is press-fitted into a temporary hole for implant implantation fossa formed in the alveolar bone, and compresses the alveolar bone around the hole while expanding the temporary hole by press-fitting into the temporary hole. A dental device for the formation of implant implants, characterized in that
(2) A dental device set having a plurality of devices according to the above (1), the outer diameters of which are different from each other,
(3) A dental saw tool for extracting a bone fragment for alveolar bone replacement to be inserted into the implant setting cavity from the buccal external oblique line of the lower jaw corner, at least selected from the following (a) to (e) Dental saw tool, including a kind of tool
(a): A first tool in which the outer shape of the blade plate on which the saw blade is formed is a tapered shape.
(b): A second tool in which the outer shape of the blade plate on which the saw blades are formed is a thick tip
(c): A third tool in which the blade plate on which the saw blade is formed has a constant width.
(d): a fourth tool having a blade plate with a sawtooth projecting only at the tip.
(e): a fifth tool (4) having a blade plate formed of a bent plate having a L-shaped cross section and having a saw blade formed at the most distal end of the tip side flat plate portion. The dental saw tool according to (3) above, each including two types of features in which the direction of the saw blades is opposite to 180 °,
(5) A dental handpiece in which a push-type tool attaching / detaching mechanism capable of attaching / detaching a dental tool with one touch and a mechanism for reciprocating a dental tool attached to the mechanism are provided in the handpiece body,
(6) A dental handpiece in which a push-type tool attaching / detaching mechanism capable of attaching / detaching a dental tool with one touch and a mechanism for twisting the dental tool attached to the mechanism are provided in the handpiece body,
(7) The casing is partitioned into a heel-like part with a hole for bone fragment input and cooling water supply, a bone fragment cutting part, and a bone storage part in which the cut bone fragment accumulates. The cutting processing part includes a manually driven rotary blade, and the bone pieces inserted from the holed ridge-like part are cut by the rotary blades and are formed into small pieces and collected in the bone storage part. A dental bone debris grinder, and (8) a dental tool for forming an implant cavities,
A central shaft member having a hole center cutting blade projecting at the distal end and a cylindrical member projecting a marginal bone gripping portion having a serrated edge at the distal end are contained, and the central shaft member and the cylindrical member Are connected by two internal plates extending in a direction away from each other on the side surface of the central shaft member, and a hole diameter defining cutting blade portion is connected to each end surface of the two plates. A space that is partitioned by the central shaft member, the cylindrical member, and the internal plate is formed of a structure that functions as a bone fragment container,
The present invention relates to a dental drill, characterized in that the cylindrical wall of the cylindrical member has a fenestration part cut out from the tip side to the middle part of the cylinder.

  According to the dental device of the present invention, the bone state in which the density of the alveolar bone around the implant setting fossa can be easily and quickly increased and the implant body can be implanted in a patient having a low bone density of the alveolar bone. Can be made in a relatively short period of time.

  Moreover, when an implant body is embedded in an implant setting cavity whose peripheral bone density is increased by the device of the present invention, better osseointegration with the implant body can be expected than before. In addition, the device of the present invention is excellent in workability because it is only necessary to press-fit (tapping) the device into a temporary hole formed using a round bar, a Fisher bar or the like.

  In addition, according to the saw tool of the present invention, by using a combination of at least two kinds of tools, bone pieces to be replenished for implant implantation by intraoral work can be used for mandibular bones, particularly the buttocks and mandibular angles. From the part, the necessary bone fragments can be extracted in a strip shape with minimal invasiveness without damaging the lips, tongue and mucous membrane in the oral cavity.

  Further, according to the vertical reciprocating (vertical motion) handpiece and horizontal reciprocating handpiece of the present invention, the saw tool of the present invention can be attached to and detached from the handpiece body with one touch, and the tool is firmly fixed at the time of mounting. Thus, since the vertical reciprocating motion (vertical motion) or the horizontal reciprocating motion can be performed without causing any deviation or fine movement, the bone fragment collecting operation can be efficiently performed while changing the tool.

  In addition, according to the dental bone debris grinder of the present invention, it can be transplanted on average by inserting it into the planting wall from the implant planting cavity, and it is effective by shortening the survival time of the implant body. It is possible to efficiently obtain a micro bone fragment having a specific width or less (that is, a small piece having a maximum width of 2 mm or less) that acts, and the frictional heat generation is reduced with cooling water, so that the correctness of the transplanted bone can be reduced. Does not hinder.

  Further, the dental drill of the present invention has an excellent cooling function, and can collect the ground bone pieces directly into the structure (bone containing portion), and the jaw bone grinding work (implant cavity forming work) by the drill. Since osteonecrosis due to friction at the center can be prevented, the survival of the implant body can be accelerated. In addition, since the ground bone fragment can be efficiently collected, the ground bone fragment can be used as it is as a bone fragment to be inserted into the implant implantation cavity for bone replacement.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[Dental device]
The dental device of the present invention is a pin-like member that is press-fitted into a temporary hole for forming an implant implantation fossa formed in an alveolar bone. Here, the “temporary hole for forming an implant implantation cavity” is a hole for determining the implant implantation position, and at least the inner diameter of the hole (below the opening) is the planned implant implantation cavity. It is a hole formed so as to be smaller than the inner diameter of (design value of implant implant fossa). In general, the hole diameter of the implant setting cavity is appropriately determined according to the buccal tongue and near-distal diameter and vertical diameter of the patient's jawbone, the size of the denture attached to the implant, etc. It is common to select within a range. Moreover, it is preferable to select the depth (bone embedding depth) of the implant implantation fossa within a range of 6 to 14 mm from the point of the vertical diameter to the maxillary sinus of the upper and lower alveolar bones.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a state in which the temporary hole 1 is formed in the alveolar bone 10. The provisional hole 1 is formed by first incising the oral mucosa 11 covering the alveolar bone 10 with a round bar (not shown) or the like to form a shallow hole (opening) 1a. Part) 1a, a fine hole 1b having a predetermined depth is drilled in the alveolar bone 10 with a Fisher bar (not shown) or the like. Commercially available products (general-purpose products) can be used for round bars, fisher bars, and the like. Here, the depth (overall depth) of the temporary hole 1 is usually made to match the hole depth of the planned implant implantation fossa. However, it may be stopped at a slightly shallow depth. In addition, the dental device of the present invention is used for the purpose of increasing the bone density by press-fitting into the temporary hole 1 and expanding the diameter of the temporary hole and compressing the alveolar bone around the hole. Usually, the inner diameter of the temporary hole 1 (the hole diameter of the narrow hole 1b) is smaller than the hole diameter of the intended implant implantation fossa. If the hole diameter is equal to the hole diameter of the implant implant fossa, the bone density around the implant implant fossa cannot be sufficiently increased, and there is a possibility that the osseointegrate may not be obtained. It is. However, if the inner diameter is too small, there is a possibility of excessive frictional heat at the time of insertion, fracture or osteonecrosis due to rapid enlargement, so the difference from the hole diameter of the planned implant implantation fossa is 0.5 mm It is preferable that

  FIGS. 2A to 2C are diagrams showing an example of a process of expanding the temporary hole by using the dental device of the present invention to complete the implant setting cavity. In this example, a conical pin-like member, a truncated cone-like pin-like member, and a cylindrical pin-like member are used as the device.

  2A shows a state in which the first device 2 made of a conical pin-like member is press-fitted into the temporary hole 1 formed in the alveolar bone 10 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2A shows a state in which the first device 2 is extracted after the state of FIG. 2A, and the second device 3 made of a truncated cone-like member is press-fitted into the hole after extraction. . That is, the outer diameter of the second device (conical truncated pin-like member) 3 is smaller than that of the first device (conical pin-like member) 2, and the first device The temporary hole 1 whose inner diameter is expanded (expanded) by the press-fitting of 2 is further expanded (expanded) by the press-fitting of the second device 3. During this time, the alveolar bone 10 around the temporary hole 1 is compressed by the press-fitting of the first and second devices 2 and 3 to increase the bone density.

  Further, in the schematic diagram of FIG. 2 (c), after the state of FIG. 2 (b), the second device 3 is extracted, and the third device 4 made of a cylindrical pin-like member is press-fitted into the extracted hole. The temporary hole 1 whose diameter has been expanded by the press-fitting of the second device 3 is further expanded (expanded) by the press-fitting of the third device (cylindrical pin-like member) 4. (I.e., the third device (cylindrical pin-like member) 4 has substantially the same height and outer diameter as the depth and inner diameter of the implant setting cavity 5 to be formed). ) Since the implant alveolar bone 10 obtained in this way is compressed greatly by press-fitting the devices 1 to 3 into the temporary hole 1 and the bone density is increased, the implant body (not shown) is implanted. It is formed in the fossa (hole) that can be.

  The press-fitting of the dental device of the present invention into the temporary hole may be performed by, for example, a known dental handpiece that vertically reciprocates a dental tool or device, for example, an internal / external water injection type detachable vertical reciprocating motion This may be done by tapping the device using a handpiece or the like.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (c), before the third device (cylindrical pin-like member) 4 for determining the dimensions of the implant setting cavity 5 is press-fitted, a conical shape or a truncated cone shape is used. The device comprising the pin-like members (first and second devices 2, 3) is used for expanding the diameter of the temporary hole formed by the fisher bar to the size of the implant setting cavity 5 by one press-fitting of the device. Then, excessive pressure and frictional heat act on the alveolar bone, and the alveolar bone is easily broken, broken, or necrotic, and as a result, the bone density does not increase sufficiently.

  In the example of FIGS. 2A to 2C, a conical pin-like member is used as the first device 2 to be first press-fitted. However, excessive pressure is applied to the alveolar bone around the temporary hole due to the press-fitting. If it does not work, a frustoconical pin-like member may be used as the first device 2 to be press-fitted first. Further, in the example of FIGS. 2A to 2C, three devices are used, but four or more devices may be used. In the case of a device consisting of a pin-like member having a conical shape or a truncated cone shape, a device to be press-fitted later, the outer diameter of the end on the reduced diameter side is gradually increased, Use a device with a larger outer diameter (diameter) for later press-fitting.

  The greater the number of devices used, the greater the bone density around the temporary hole (implant implantation fossa) without applying excessive pressure to the alveolar bone at one time. However, if the number is too large, the number of press-fitting of the device will increase, resulting in poor work efficiency and long bone exposure time. Therefore, the number of devices is preferably about 3 to 4 from the viewpoint of obtaining an implant setting cavity in which the bone density around the cavity (hole) is sufficiently increased without greatly reducing the working efficiency.

  Note that it is preferable to provide a plurality of devices as a device set in which the number and the order of press-fitting are determined in advance from the viewpoint of user operability (such as prevention of errors in the press-fitting order of devices). Such a device set generally includes a plurality of devices composed of conical pin-like members and / or frustoconical pin-like members whose outer diameters of the reduced diameter side ends are different from each other, The device is configured in combination with a device composed of one or a plurality of cylindrical pin-like members including at least one device for determining the size of the implant setting cavity (final press-fitting device).

  The dental device of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be press-fitted into a temporary hole formed in the alveolar bone by tapping and has a hardness capable of expanding the temporary hole. From the standpoint of durability, metals, ceramics, synthetic resins, and the like are preferable, and any material can be used without limitation as long as it is harder than bone. Specifically, a stainless alloy is preferable in terms of plasticity, cost, and the like.

  As described above, conventionally, the formation of the implant cavities on the alveolar bone is generally performed by a drill, and when the alveolar bone is ground by the drill, heat is easily generated, and therefore cooling is essential. By implanting the device into the temporary hole (device tapping operation), the implant cavities can be formed relatively easily, and the affected area can be easily cooled with water. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain an effect that the workability is excellent and the burden on the patient can be reduced.

  Also, since the so-called anti-inflammatory substance and growth factor are secreted by the inflammatory action in the peripheral part of the hole compressed by the press-fitting of the device, the implant body is placed in the implant setting cavity formed by using the dental device of the present invention. By implanting the implant, it is possible to shorten the engraftment period of the implant body than before.

  If the bone density of the alveolar bone around the implant setting fossa using the dental device described above is not sufficient to obtain a bone density at which the implant can be properly set, the self bone fragment is transferred to the implant setting fossa. It is good to replenish. However, the jaw bone has been collected (cut out) in the past, but it is not easy to collect the jaw bone to the minimum necessary by intraoral work due to cost, size and shape of the surgical instrument. It was. Therefore, the present inventors have developed a tool that can extract the jawbone relatively easily by intraoral work.

[Dental saw]
Hereinafter, a dental saw tool for collecting autologous bone fragments of the present invention will be described.
The saw tool of the present invention is a tool for collecting necessary bone fragments for transplantation from the external oblique line of the mandible or the buttocks, and is used by being attached to a handpiece. This tool has a plurality of saw blade means whose outer shapes of the blade plates are adjusted in order to extract a necessary amount of bone fragments from the obliquely bulging portion of the mandibular angle or the heel slope. Specifically, a tapered shape used for the upper edge of the bulge, a thick tip used for the lower edge of the bulge, a fixed width (parallel shape) used for the largest bulge, and a lower edge when cutting the bone into a strip shape There are right-angled semicircles used for incision. There is also a tip protruding type in which saw blades are provided only at the tip of the blade plate used for collecting bone fragments from the heel slope. Each of these tools can be sawn in the vertical (up and down) direction or the horizontal direction by connecting the shaft portion to a handpiece or the like.

  FIG. 3 shows a first tool 20 in which the outer shape of a saw blade means 21 having a tapered blade plate used on the upper edge of the bulging portion (that is, a blade plate (thin saw portion) on which saw teeth 21a are formed) 21 is tapered. It is a side view. The shaft portion 22 in the figure serves as a mounting portion to the handpiece. A hook portion 22a and a notch step portion 22b are formed at one end portion of the shaft portion, and a blade plate 21 is formed at the other end portion. And a stopper 23 for preventing the movement of the blade plate 21. The blade plate (thin saw portion) 21 fixed to the screw-fastening block 24 with the retaining bolt 25 is prevented from moving by the stopper 23 even when the means (tool) is used. The “tapered shape” referred to in the present invention is the side of the end portion 21 c on the side where the plate width of the blade plate (thin saw portion) is away from the shaft portion 22 of the blade plate (thin saw portion) 21. ) The “plate width” is the width in the direction perpendicular to the axis L1 of the blade plate (thin saw portion).

  4 to 6 respectively show a second tool 30 having a tip-shaped blade plate (thin saw portion) used for the lower edge of the bulge portion, and a parallel blade plate (thin saw portion) used for the largest bulge portion. The 4th tool 50 which has the 3rd tool 40 which has it, and the blade plate (thin saw part) of the front end protruding type used for a buttocks slope is shown. Reference numeral 31 in FIG. 4 is a blade plate (thin saw portion) in which a saw blade 31a is formed and the plate width is wider toward the tip side, and reference numeral 41 in FIG. 5 is a saw blade 41a and the plate width is constant. A blade plate (thin saw portion), reference numeral 51 in FIG. 6 is a blade plate (thin saw portion) in which a saw tooth 51a protrudes only at a tip portion.

  4 to 6, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 3 denote the same or corresponding parts, and the second tool 30, the third tool 40, and the fourth tool 50 are respectively blade plates (thin saw portions) 31. , 41, 51 are fixed to the same shaft portion 22 (shaft portion 22 having a screw-fastening block 24 and a stopper 23) used in the first tool 20 (FIG. 3) with a retaining bolt 25. .

  FIG. 7 shows a fifth tool 60 having a right semicircular blade plate (thin saw portion) used for lower edge incision when cutting bone into a strip shape, and FIG. 7A is a front view of the tool. FIG. 2B is a side view of the tool, and FIG. 2C is a plan view of the second flat plate portion of the blade plate (thin saw portion). In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 3 denote the same or corresponding parts.

  The fifth tool 60 has a blade plate (thin saw portion) 61 made of a bent plate having an L-shaped cross section, and the first flat plate portion 61A of the blade plate (thin saw portion) 61 is fixed to the shaft portion 22. In addition, a sawtooth 62 is provided around the forefront of the second flat plate portion 61B having an L shape. As shown in the figure, also in the fifth saw blade means, the blade plate (thin saw portion) 61 is replaced with the shaft portion 22 (screw fixing block 24) used in the first saw blade means 20 (FIG. 3). And it is fixed to the same shaft portion 22) having the stopper 23 with a set bolt 25. In FIG. 7, the outer shape of the sawtooth portion 62 is a semicircular shape (arc shape), but may be another shape. However, the semicircular shape is advantageous in that the motion axis can be fixed at the time of bone resection, and the possibility of damaging hard and soft tissues in other parts can be reduced.

  In the fifth tool 60, for example, the second flat plate portion 61B of the blade plate (thin saw portion) 61 is rotated about the axis L1 of the first flat plate portion 61A as a rotation axis, and horizontally within a range of a rotation angle of 180 °. By reciprocating, the bone can be cut in a strip shape.

  The first to fifth tools are respectively used in two types of means for right work and left work in which the blades (thin saw parts) are attached with the saw blades directed in the opposite direction to the shaft part 180 °. It can be assembled and used so that left-handed surgeons can collect the required amount of bone fragments without undue pain to the patient. Moreover, since it is divided into a shaft part, a blade plate, and a set bolt, it can be easily mass-produced and can cope with cost reduction and design change in clinical settings. In addition, the shape and dimensions of the blade plate (thin saw part) are adjusted so that bone can be collected from the oblique line of the lower jaw and the mental part, particularly the mandible, without damaging other tissues in the oral cavity. . As a form, any variation of the form that is safe for collecting bone from the lower jaw, particularly the buccal bulge of the lower jaw corner and the buttocks, and optimal for collecting the necessary amount may be used.

  Specifically, for example, in the first tool 20 (FIG. 3), the dimension D1 in the direction parallel to the axis L1 of the blade plate (thin saw portion) 21 is about 15 to 25 mm, and the dimension D2 of the entire tool is 25 to 25 mm. Generally, it is about 30 mm. Further, the inclination angle (θ1) of the saw tooth 21a in the blade plate (thin saw portion) 21 is generally selected from the range of 80 to 70 °, and the thickness of the blade plate (thin saw portion) 21 is 0.2. About 0.8 mm is common. The overall dimensions of the second to fourth tools 30, 40, 50 (FIGS. 4-6), the dimensions D3, D4, D5 of the blade plates (thin saw portions) 31, 41, 51 and the blade plates (thin saw portions). ) Is usually selected from a range equivalent to that of the first tool 20, and the inclination angle (θ2) of the saw blade 31a in the blade plate (thin saw portion) 31 of the second tool 30 (FIG. 4) is 80 to 70. It is common to select from a range of °. The overall dimension D6 of the fifth tool 60 (FIG. 7) is generally about 20 to 30 mm, and the width D7 and the protruding length D8 of the second flat plate portion 61B are about 3 to 10 mm and about 3 to 10 mm, respectively. Is common.

  In the first to fifth tools described above, the material of the blade plate (thin saw portion) is not particularly limited, and materials conventionally used in jaw bone cutting tools can be applied. Specific examples include metals, ceramics, synthetic resins, and the like having hardness higher than bones, preferably alloys mainly made of stainless steel. In addition, the blade plate may be made of a disposable material in consideration of high pressure sterilization, metal fatigue, and harmful effects for the human body.

  The saw tool of the present invention is provided in a configuration comprising at least one of the first to fifth tools, but is used in combination of at least two or more tools of the first to fifth tools. Thus, bone can be more easily collected from the lower jaw corner cheek side or the buttocks slope by intraoral work. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a configuration (tool set) in which at least two types of tools selected from the first to fifth tools are provided. At this time, it is preferable that each tool has a configuration including two types of features in which the direction of the sawtooth is opposite to 180 °, and further, a description of a particularly preferable application site and operation example for each tool is provided. It is preferable to keep it. In addition, since the saw tool of the present invention shares the shaft portion of the tool that is a mounting (connecting) portion to the handpiece among different tools as described above, one shaft portion and plural kinds of blade plates It is also possible to provide a tool set including a (thin saw portion) and a set bolt.

[Handpiece]
FIGS. 12 and 13 are cross-sectional views of an example of a hand piece that enables vertical reciprocation (vertical movement) of the dental tool according to the present invention, and FIG. 12 shows a state in which the tool attached to the hand piece body is in the lowest position. FIG. 13 shows a state in which the tool mounted on the handpiece body is in the uppermost position.

  12 and 13, 71 is a handpiece body, 72 is a tool chuck, 73 is an inner sleeve, 74 is an outer sleeve, 75 is a rotating shaft, 76 is an eccentric cam, 77 is a rotation prevention pin, and 78 is rotating. A groove for a prevention pin, 56 is a bearing metal, 22 is a tool, and 100 is a handpiece.

  A tool chucker 72 that detachably grips the tool (shaft portion) 22 is fitted in the handpiece main body 71 so as to be movable up and down.

  Above the tool chucker 72, two semi-cylindrical bushes 31 having bend portions 31 a and 32 a that can be fitted into grooves formed under the upper beak portion 22 a of the tool (shaft portion) 22, 32 are arranged opposite to each other, and a claw spring 37 is fitted to the bent portions 31 a and 32 a of the semi-cylindrical bushes 31 and 32. Accordingly, the opposing semi-cylindrical bushes 31 and 32 are fastened by the claw spring 37, and the bent portions 31a and 32b are fixed in a state of supporting the flange portion 22a of the tool 22. On the other hand, a notch step portion 22 b is formed on the opposite side of the upper end of the tool (shaft portion) 22 from 180 °, and the notch step portion 22 b is formed on the upper end of the tool chucker 72. Engages with part 72a. Therefore, when the tool 22 is gripped by the tool chucker 72, the vertical movement and the horizontal movement of the tool 22 in the tool chucker 72 are prevented.

  A coil spring 34 surrounding the semicylindrical bushes 31, 32 is disposed on the upper end surface of the inner sleeve 73, and a first lid member (button) 35 is covered on the coil spring 34, and the outer peripheral edge of the first lid member 35 The inner peripheral edge of the second lid member 36 is engaged with 35 a, and the outer peripheral edge of the second lid member 36 is fitted to the upper end of the inner sleeve 73. Accordingly, the first lid member (button) 35 is biased upward by the coil spring 34, and when the operator depresses the first lid member (button) 35, the truncated cone-shaped convex portion 35b on the lower surface thereof is opposed. Since it enters between the semicylindrical bushes 31 and 32 and widens them, the locked state between the flange 22a of the tool 22 and the flanges 31a and 32a of the semicylindrical bushes 31 and 32 is released. Then, the tool 20 can be extracted from the tool chucker 72. When the tool 22 is mounted on the handpiece, the operator pushes down the first lid member (button) 35 (the space between the semi-cylindrical bushes 31 and 32 is widened), and the tool 22 is placed in the tool chucker 72 in this state. When the operator removes the finger from the first lid member (button) 35, the semi-cylindrical bushes 31 and 32 are tightened by the claw spring 37, and the collar 22a of the tool 22 and the semi-cylindrical bushes 31 and 32 are inserted. The tool 22 is gripped by the tool chucker 72 by engaging the bent portions 31a and 32a.

  In the horizontal direction in the handpiece body, a shaft 75 is rotatably supported and driven via a micromotor, gears, and the like (not shown). An eccentric cam 76 is fixed to the tip of the shaft 75, a guide groove 74a is formed on the outer periphery of the outer sleeve 74, and the eccentric cam 76 is engaged with the guide groove 74a. The outer sleeve 74 moves up and down by the rotation of the eccentric cam 76 of the shaft 75 but does not rotate. That is, a pin 77 for preventing rotation protrudes from the distal end surface of the eccentric cam 76, and a vertically long groove 78 into which the pin 77 for preventing rotation is inserted is provided at the bottom of the guide groove 74a. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the outer sleeve 74 and the inner sleeve 73 fitted to the outer sleeve 74 are fitted by the rotation of the shaft 75, as shown in FIGS. The tool chucker 72 moves up and down integrally, and the tool 22 held by the tool chucker 72 moves up and down.

  In the handpiece 100, the mounted tool 22 is held in the tool chucker 72 without moving up and down and left and right, and reciprocates up and down, so that a relatively strong force such as a saw tool is applied. It can be suitably used for operating a tool that reciprocates in a linear direction. Moreover, since the tool can be attached and detached with a single touch by pressing the button (first lid member), the tool can be replaced very easily. Therefore, if the bone piece collecting operation using the saw tool 20, 30, 40, 50 (FIGS. 3 to 6) of the present invention described above is performed using the hand piece, a desired bone piece can be easily and reliably obtained. Moreover, it can be collected in a short time.

  FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a dental handpiece that allows twist movement (horizontal reciprocation) of a dental tool according to the present invention. 15A and 15B are cross-sectional views taken along line AA in FIG.

  14 and 15 (a) and 15 (b), the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 13 denote the same or corresponding parts, 51 is a shaft part, 52 is an eccentric ball part, 53 is a pin for preventing vertical movement, and 54 is A circumferential groove for the vertical movement preventing pin, 71 ′ is an outer sleeve, and 101 is a handpiece.

  The tool attachment / detachment mechanism of the handpiece 101 by the tool chucker 72, the semicylindrical bushes 31 and 32, the coil spring 34, the first lid member (button) 35, the second lid member 36 and the claw spring 37 is shown in FIG. The handpiece 100 is the same as that described above, and the tool attaching / detaching operation is as described above.

  The shaft 75 inserted in the horizontal direction in the handpiece body 1 is rotatably supported and is driven via a micromotor, gears, and the like (not shown). An eccentric sphere portion 52 projects from the shaft portion 51 at the tip of the shaft 75, and a vertically long through hole 74 b is formed in the peripheral wall of the outer sleeve 74 ′. The eccentric sphere portion 52 is inserted into the vertically long through hole 74 b. Engage. Since the eccentric sphere portion 52 has a spherical outer periphery, when the shaft 75 rotates, as shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, the vertically long penetrating engagement with the eccentric sphere portion 52 is achieved. The outer sleeve 74 ′ having the hole 74 b is twisted (horizontal reciprocating). At this time, the inner sleeve 73 fitted to the outer sleeve 74 ′ and the tool chucker 72 fitted to the inner sleeve 73 are simultaneously provided. Twist motion (horizontal reciprocation) causes the tool 22 held by the tool chucker 72 to perform twist motion (horizontal reciprocation). FIG. 15A shows a state in which the outer sleeve 74 ′ has rotated most counterclockwise, and FIG. 15B shows a state in which the outer sleeve 74 ′ has rotated most clockwise.

  A circumferential groove 54 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer sleeve 74 ′, and an insertion hole 71 a for preventing vertical movement is formed in the handpiece body 71, and the circumferential groove of the outer sleeve 74 ′ passes through the insertion hole 71 a. Since the vertical movement preventing pin 53 is inserted into 54, the vertical movement (vertical movement) of the outer sleeve accompanying the movement of the eccentric ball portion 52 is prevented. Therefore, the tool 22 held by the tool chucker 72 does not move up and down and only performs a twisting motion.

  In the handpiece 101, the attached tool 22 is held in the tool chucker 72 without moving up and down and left and right, and is twisted. Therefore, a relatively strong force such as a saw tool, a drill tool, and a reamer is used. It can be used suitably for the operation of a tool that is actuated and twisted. In addition, since the tool can be attached and detached with one touch, the tool can be replaced very easily. Therefore, if the bone piece collection operation using the saw tool 60 (FIG. 7) of the present invention described above is performed using the handpiece 101, a desired bone piece can be collected easily and reliably in a short time. can do.

  The present inventors also examined the size of the bone piece to be attached to the inner surface of the implant setting cavity. It is an animal that such a bone fragment has a width of 2 mm or less, that is, it is effective for shortening the survival time of the implant body inserted into the implant implantation cavity by making the maximum width part a small piece of 2 mm or less. Confirmed by experiment (rat). This was a new finding. Therefore, according to the present invention, there is provided a dental bone fragment which is a bone fragment for alveolar bone replacement used by being affixed to the inner surface of an implant setting fossa, and which is composed of small pieces having a maximum width portion of 2 mm or less. In addition, a dental bone fragment grinder for that purpose is provided. If the bone fragment is too small, the possibility of osteonecrosis increases and the implant tends to be poor. Therefore, the dental bone fragment composed of small pieces having a maximum width portion of 2 mm or less according to the present invention preferably has a maximum width portion width of 0.5 mm or more. The "maximum width part" is a line segment connecting any two points on the bone fragment surface (any two points where a straight line connecting the two points passes through the center of gravity of the bone fragment), and between the two points having the maximum distance This means the length of the line segment.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a dental bone fragment grinder of the present invention. The dental bone fragment grinder 90 of the present invention includes a heel-like portion 91 with a hole for bone fragment input and cooling water supply, a bone fragment cutting unit 94, and a bone storage unit 95 in which the cut bone fragments accumulate. The body 92 is a main body, the bone fragment cutting processing unit 94 includes a rotary blade 93 that is manually driven, and the bone fragment inserted into the bone fragment insertion port 91 is cut by the rotary blade to be a small piece. Thus, it is configured to accumulate in the bone storage portion 95. In addition, it is preferable to provide a bone fragment pressing plug (not shown) in the bone fragment insertion port 91, and it is preferable to provide a thin hole in the bottom of the housing for suppressing heat generation during bone powder preparation.

  The bone piece 96 thrown into the bone piece insertion port 91 is cut by the rotary blade 93, becomes a small piece 97 having a maximum width portion of 2 mm or less, and is stored in the bone storage portion 95.

  The housing of the dental bone chip duster of the present invention is usually formed of stainless steel that can withstand high-pressure sterilization, and the cutting blade 93 for cutting is made of metal such as stainless steel with hardness higher than bone, ceramic, synthetic resin, etc. It is formed. The size (capacity) of the duster is not particularly limited, but a palm size is preferable. In FIG. 8, the rotary blade has a star shape, but is not particularly limited, and various shapes can be used. The number of rotating blades is preferably about 4-8.

  In such a dental bone fragment grinder of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently produce a micro bone fragment having a specific width or less (that is, a small piece having a maximum width of 2 mm or less), which is effective for shortening the engraftment period of the implant body. In addition, since cooling water can be supplied from the heel-like portion with holes to suppress or reduce the generation of frictional heat, there is an effect of not inhibiting the normality of the transplanted bone.

  By the way, as described above, the frictional heat generated when the implant bone is formed by grinding the jawbone with a tool such as a drill is considered to have hindered the survival of the implant body. The present invention also examined improvements to the drill tool.

[Dental drill]
9 and 10 schematically show a dental drill (tool) according to the present invention. FIG. 9 (a) is a perspective view of the main part, FIG. 9 (b) is a plan view, and FIG. 10 is a side view. FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a drill tool 80 according to the present invention grips a central shaft member 82 having a hole center cutting blade portion 82a protruding at the tip, and a marginal bone having a serrated edge at the tip. A cylindrical member 83 projecting from a portion 83a is included, and the inner surface of the central shaft member 82 and the cylindrical member 83 are extended in a direction away from the opposing positions of the side surfaces of the central shaft member 82. The central shaft member 82, the cylindrical member 83, and the internal shaft 84, 85 connected to each other and provided with hole diameter regulating cutting blades 84 a, 85 a on the respective end faces of the two plates 84, 85. The space partitioned by the plates 84 and 85 is a structure that functions as the bone fragment housing portion 86, and has a window portion 83 b that is cut out from the distal end side to the middle portion of the cylinder on the cylinder wall of the cylindrical member 83. It is a feature.

  Note that the marginal bone gripping portion 83 a having a serrated end side is inclined from the cylindrical member 83 to the outside while the width is sequentially increased from one end to the other end in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical member 83. Although the tilt angle is gradually decreased and finally changed to an upright state, this creates a gap between the bone wall and the drill, preventing excessive frictional heat and cooling with cooling water. The effect can also be expected.

  The drill tool 80 according to the present invention is used by being mounted on a conventional dental drive device such as a dental handpiece, and is detachable like a normal handpiece. Thereby, the implant insertion fossa is dug with the tip teeth, and the planting fossa can be formed while accumulating bone fragments. At this time, by making the axial high diameter smaller than the tooth diameter, the cooling water can easily enter the instrument and the fossa wall, and the possibility of osteonecrosis due to excessive friction of the bone can be reduced. The “axial high position” means a position slightly above the tooth portion (position that is about 2 to several mm away from the distance).

  Since the drill tool of the present invention has the special structure as described above (that is, a structure having a space (bone fragment housing portion) and a fenestration portion for housing a cut bone fragment), this type of conventional tool is used. Compared to tools, the cooling function is extremely superior, reducing the burden on the patient during the bone harvesting operation, and inhibiting the survival of the implant body due to the frictional heat generated when forming the implant implantation fossa. As a result, the survival time of the implant body is shortened. In addition, since the cut bone fragments can be directly collected inside the structure (bone containing portion), the bone fragment collection efficiency is excellent. Therefore, after drilling with the tool (after forming the implant cavity), the collected bone fragment can be used as it is as a bone fragment to be inserted into the implant implantation cavity for bone replacement. Therefore, it can be particularly preferably used when planting a plurality of (three or more) implants.

  If the dental tool of the present invention (saw tool, drill tool, etc.) is used, a bone fragment having a width of about 5 to 10 mm, for example, is efficiently collected from the oblique line on the buccal side (inside the cheek) of the lower jaw. can do. Conventionally, when the amount of bone for implant implantation is insufficient, engraftment of bone fragments from the outside of the alveolar bone is performed, but the bone fragments collected with the dental tool of the present invention are relatively small, When implanting an implant body, bone replenishment can be performed simultaneously with the implantation by sticking such a bone fragment to the inside of the implant implantation cavity (inner surface of the hole). In the conventional technique, it took 2 to 6 months to engraft the implant body, but in this method, the engraftment period can be shortened.

  FIG. 11 is a view schematically showing a cross section in a state where an implant (body) 6 is planted in a lower jaw (alveolar bone) 10 and a denture 7 is mounted by applying the present invention. That is, after the device is press-fitted into the temporary hole for forming the implant planting cavity to form the implant planting cavity (see FIGS. 2A to 2C), the implant body 6 is inserted into the implant planting cavity 5. At the same time, a bone piece 97 made of a small piece having a maximum width of 2 mm or less according to the present invention is attached to the inner surface of the implant planting cavity 5, and after the implant body 6 is engrafted, a denture 7 is attached.

  Around the implant body 6, there are the alveolar bone 10a moved (compressed) by press-fitting the device into the temporary hole for forming the implant setting cavity 5 and the transplanted bone fragment 97, and a sufficient bone mass is obtained. It has been. Therefore, according to the present invention, since the alveolar bone is thin or the density of the alveolar bone is small, the bone of the alveolar bone can be quickly and easily operated for a patient who cannot easily implant the implant. The amount of the implant can be set up by increasing the amount, and the survival time of the inserted implant body can be expected to be shortened. In addition, since only one operation is required, the risk and cost of infection can be reduced.

It is a schematic diagram of the state which formed the temporary hole for implant planting cavity formation with respect to an alveolar bone. (A)-(c) is the figure which showed an example of the process of enlarging the temporary hole for implant planting fossa formation using the dental device of this invention, and completing an implant planting fossa. It is a side view of the 1st tool in the dental saw tool of this invention. It is a side view of the 2nd tool in the dental saw tool of this invention. It is a side view of the 3rd tool in the dental saw tool of this invention. It is a side view of the 4th tool in the dental saw tool of this invention. It is a figure of the 5th tool in the dental saw tool of this invention, A figure (a) is a front view of a tool, A figure (b) is a side view of a tool, A figure (c) is the figure of a blade board (thin saw part). It is a top view of 2 flat plate parts. It is the figure which showed typically the dental bone fragment grinder of this invention. It is the figure which showed typically the dental drill tool of this invention, A figure (a) is a principal part perspective view, A figure (b) is a top view. It is a side view of the dental drill tool of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of a cross section in a state where an implant (body) is planted in the lower jaw (alveolar bone) by applying the present invention and a denture is mounted. It is sectional drawing of the example of the handpiece of this invention (figure of the state which the mounted tool exists in the lowest position). It is sectional drawing of the example of the handpiece of this invention (figure of the state which the mounted tool exists in the uppermost position). FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an example dental handpiece that allows twist movement (horizontal reciprocation) of a dental tool according to the present invention. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 14, in which FIG. (A) is a diagram in a state where the outer sleeve is rotated most counterclockwise, and FIG. (B) is a state in which the outer sleeve is rotated most clockwise. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Temporary hole 2-4 Device which consists of pin-like member 5 Implant implantation fossa 10 Alveolar bone 11 Oral mucosa 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 Saw tool 31, 32 Semi-cylindrical bush 34 Coil spring 37 Claw spring 52 Eccentricity Ball 56 Metal bearing 71 Handpiece body 72 Tool chuck 73 Inner sleeve 74, 74 'Outer sleeve 75 Rotating shaft 76 Eccentric cam 77 Anti-rotation pin 78 Groove for anti-rotation pin 80 Drill tool 90 Bone Chipper 100, 101 Handpiece

Claims (8)

  A pin-like member that is press-fitted into a temporary hole for implant implantation fossa formed in the alveolar bone, and compresses the alveolar bone around the hole while expanding the temporary hole by press-fitting into the temporary hole. A dental device for implant implantation fossa formation, characterized in that it is.   A dental device set comprising a plurality of the devices according to claim 1 and having different outer diameters. A dental saw tool for extracting a bone fragment for alveolar bone replacement to be inserted into an implant setting cavity from the buccal lateral oblique line of the lower jaw corner, at least one tool selected from the following (a) to (e) Including dental saw tools.
(a): A first tool in which the outer shape of the blade plate on which the saw blade is formed is a tapered shape.
(b): A second tool in which the outer shape of the blade plate on which the saw blades are formed is a thick tip
(c): A third tool in which the blade plate on which the saw blade is formed has a constant width.
(d): a fourth tool having a blade plate with a sawtooth projecting only at the tip.
(e): Fifth tool having a blade plate that is formed of a bent plate having an L-shaped cross section and has a sawtooth formed at the most distal end of the flat plate portion on the front end side.   The dental saw tool according to claim 3, wherein each of the tools (a) to (e) includes two types of configurations in which the directions of the saw blades are opposite to each other by 180 degrees.   A dental handpiece comprising a push-type tool attaching / detaching mechanism capable of attaching / detaching a dental tool with a single touch, and a mechanism for reciprocating a dental tool attached to the mechanism up and down.   A dental handpiece comprising a push-type tool attaching / detaching mechanism capable of attaching / detaching a dental tool with one touch and a mechanism for twisting the dental tool attached to the mechanism in a handpiece body.   The case is divided into a heel-like part with a hole for bone fragment input and cooling water supply, a bone fragment cutting unit, and a bone storage unit for storing the cut bone fragments. Includes a manually driven rotary blade, and is configured such that a bone fragment inserted from the hole-like heel-like portion is cut by the rotary blade to become a small piece and accumulate in the bone storage portion. Bone fragment grinder. A dental tool for forming an implant setting cavity,
A central shaft member having a hole center cutting blade projecting at the distal end and a cylindrical member projecting a marginal bone gripping portion having a serrated edge at the distal end are contained, and the central shaft member and the cylindrical member Are connected by two internal plates extending in a direction away from each other on the side surface of the central shaft member, and a hole diameter defining cutting blade portion is connected to each end surface of the two plates. A space that is partitioned by the central shaft member, the cylindrical member, and the internal plate is formed of a structure that functions as a bone fragment container,
A dental drill characterized by having a fenestration part in which a cylindrical wall of the cylindrical member is cut out from the tip side to the middle part of the cylinder.

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