JP2008182963A - Unnecessary material-removing unit in field for potato - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To dig out and recover materials existing in the deep layer and shallow layer of a field, irrespective to wild taros or tubers which are unnecessary materials, and also recover soil aggregates which are also unnecessary materials, dug up together with the wild taros and tubers presenting in the deeper layer. <P>SOLUTION: This unnecessary material-removing unit is provided by separating the unnecessary materials and soil with sand which are necessary materials, during the conveyance of the soil with sand, containing the dug out unnecessary materials, also returning the soil with sand which are the necessary material to the field C only the unnecessary materials in a housing part 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for eliminating unwanted potato fields, and more particularly, to a potato field suitable for eliminating, from the field, stray straw and tubers, which are unwanted substances that adversely affect the growth of seed sown. The present invention relates to an unnecessary object elimination device.

Formerly, potatoes and tubers, which are unwanted items left in the field after harvesting potatoes, have an adverse effect on the growth of commercial potatoes. It has become.
In other words, if the stirrups and tubers remaining in the field overwinter without losing germination ability, they will germinate and grow using the nutrients and moisture of the field, so the nutrients and moisture required by the seed pods sown in the field This will have a large impact on the yield of potatoes that are short of commercial value.
In addition, the field before seed sowing is plowed and squeezed to make the field condition good for the seed sow. Therefore, it will promote the germination and growth of the stirrup and tubers.
For this reason, underground stirrups and tubers in the ground are excavated on the ground surface using a machine such as a digger (digger or excavator) and picked up by hand or left on the farm field for low winter temperatures. It is waiting for germination ability to be lost due to frost and freezing due to temperature.

By the way, in the data which investigated the amount of the stray straw remaining in the above-mentioned field, there is a minimum of about 85 kg to a maximum of about 1400 kg of stray straw per field 10a, and the average number is about 18,000 per field 10a. There was a surplus.
In addition, not all of the above-mentioned number of stirrups grow, and depending on the region, stray field remaining within a range of 10 cm from the ground surface loses germination ability due to frost and freezing due to low temperatures in winter and is deeper than this range It is also known that the Nora who remained in the range maintains the germination ability.
However, in areas with a warm climate, this is not the case, and it can be assumed that the surface and near field surface of the field are not lost.
And although the above-mentioned data illustrated is a result of only the stirrup, it can be inferred that the amount of tubers remaining in the field is also considerable.

From the above data, when digging the stirrups and tubers, if the digging depth of the digger is increased and the stirrups and tubers remaining in the layer of 10 cm or more from the surface are dug, the growth of the seed pods will be inhibited. Factors can be reduced.
However, when the digging depth is deepened, the soil mass in the deep layer in the ground is also dug up, and this soil mass gets close to the ground surface and the ground surface, which deteriorates the state of the field. is there.

  Since there is no prior art document related to the present invention that the applicant knows at the time of filing the patent, there is no prior art document information to be disclosed.

  The present invention digs up and collects the spiders and tubers, which are unnecessary items existing in the deep and shallow layers of the field, and is not required to be excavated at the same time as the stirrups and tubers present in the deep layers. An object of the present invention is to collect an earth clump which is a product to reduce the adverse effect on the growth of the seed pods to be sown, and to provide an unneeded matter eliminating apparatus for a potato field which solves this problem.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical means adopted by the present invention is for a potato that is mounted on a traveling vehicle that travels on a field by self-propelling or towing and that eliminates unnecessary items in the field as the traveling vehicle travels. An unneeded object removal apparatus for a farm, which is disposed between a digging unit for digging up unneeded items in the field together with earth and sand, a housing unit for housing the dug out unnecessary material, and the digging unit and the housing unit. A conveyor unit that conveys unnecessary materials dug in the digging unit to the housing unit, and the digging unit digs the earth and sand while digging as the traveling vehicle travels. A digging blade for guiding the taken earth and sand to the conveyor unit, and a plurality of crushing blades for crushing a lump contained in the earth and sand digged up by the digging blade, and the digging blade includes the digged earth and sand Drop unneeded earth and sand into the field The crushing blade is provided with a gap, and arranged in parallel along the axial direction of the rotating shaft on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft that is driven and rotated in the direction opposite to the digging direction of the digging blade, and the outer direction of the rotating shaft It was made into the unnecessary material exclusion apparatus of the field for potatoes characterized by having protruded in the.

The unnecessary items in the present invention include all those that have an adverse effect on the growth of potato seed pods.
Here, the stirrer refers to a small wrinkle that has not been commercialized after being harvested in the field after the potato is harvested, or a wrinkle in which the small wrinkle or tuber has germinated and grown.
The tuber means a state in which starch or the like is accumulated on a stem in the ground and becomes large.
In addition, a soil block is plowed and contains enough air, and is located in the layer below the layer on the surface side of the soil that is soft and soft enough to grow potatoes, and is not cultivated. It means a lump of soil that is unsuitable for the growth of potatoes, with low air content and solidified soil particles.

  It is preferable to provide a crushing portion for crushing the lump in the soil transport path from the viewpoint of crushing the lump in the litter crushed by the crushing blade more finely and increasing the amount of litter that can be used in the field.

  In addition, the conveyor unit and / or accommodation is performed from the viewpoint of returning the soil and sand not crushed by the crushing unit to the field during the removal of unnecessary materials (unnecessary material excavation). It is preferable that the part is provided with a gap through which only earth and sand obtained by finely crushing a clot in the crushing part and earth and sand that are not unnecessary are passed.

  According to the present invention, regardless of the stirrups and tubers which are unnecessary items existing in the deep and shallow layers of the field, they are dug up and collected, and are also dug up simultaneously with the stray persimmons and tubers present in the deep layers. The following excellent effects can also be expected, which collects earth clumps, which are unnecessary items, and reduces the adverse effects on the growth of the seed pods to be sown.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The best mode for carrying out the unwanted matter eliminating apparatus for a potato field according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In this embodiment, an example in which the unnecessary object removing device is mounted on a traveling vehicle that is pulled by a towing vehicle such as a tractor and travels on a field is illustrated.
In the present embodiment, the unnecessary object eliminating device is schematically illustrated.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the unnecessary object eliminating device 1 according to the present embodiment is configured so that an unnecessary object in the field C is directed from the front side (the traveling vehicle 100 side) to the rear side with respect to the frame B having the wheels A. The digging part 2 for digging up the earth and sand tuber and the earth and sand including the clot, the conveyor part 3 for conveying the digged unnecessary substance to the rear side, and the accommodating part 4 for accommodating the conveyed unnecessary substance in order It is arranged and configured.
Further, a digging blade 5 for digging out unnecessary sand together with unnecessary materials and a crushing blade 6 for crushing a lump in the digged earth and sand are conveyed to the conveyor unit 3. A crushing section 7 described later for crushing the clot is provided.
Basically, with the traveling of the frame B pulled by the traveling of the traveling vehicle 100, the digging unit 2 digs up the earth and sand, and the conveyor unit 3 conveys the digged earth and sand to the storage unit 4, The conveyed earth and sand are stored in the storage unit 4.
Further, the digging blade 5, the conveyor unit 3, and the housing unit 4 are dug by the earth and sand that is not unnecessary, the crushing blade 6, and the crushing unit 7 during the operation of removing unnecessary items (digging out unnecessary items). Clearances 81, 82, 83 are provided for returning the earth and sand obtained by finely pulverizing the taken soil mass to the field C, and the earth and sand are dropped onto the field C from the gaps 81, 82, 83.
That is, according to the unnecessary matter eliminating apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, during transportation of the earth and sand containing the excavated unnecessary material, the unnecessary and undesired earth and sand are separated, and the unnecessary sand and sand are returned to the field. Only unnecessary items can be accommodated in the accommodating portion 4.

Hereinafter, each component of the unnecessary object elimination apparatus 1 is demonstrated concretely.
The above-described digging blade 5 of the digging portion 2 is a metal plate having a substantially rectangular shape whose length in the direction intersecting the traveling direction is longer than the length along the traveling direction, and is orthogonal to the traveling direction of the metal plate. A fall prevention plate 51 that prevents the fall of earth and sand that is dug out at both ends of the direction protrudes in a direction that intersects the traveling direction opposite to the field direction.
In the following, the traveling direction is “front direction”, the opposite direction to the traveling direction is “rear direction”, the direction intersecting the traveling direction with the horizontal direction is “left / right direction”, and the direction intersecting the traveling direction with the field direction. Is called “downward”, and the direction opposite to the field is called “upward”.

The digging blade 5 is adapted to be stabbed into the field in a state where the digging blade 5 is inclined so as to be lowered from the rear end portion toward the front end portion. Digging is performed, and the excavated earth and sand are sent to the conveyor unit 3 by the earth and sand continuously excavated (see FIGS. 1 and 3).
Further, the digging blade 5 is supported by an arm B1 that moves up and down provided on the frame B. By the vertical movement of the arm B1, the digging blade is pierced into the field and the piercing depth is unnecessary. The depth is adjusted so that objects can be dug.
By the vertical movement of the arm B1, even if the depth position of the unwanted object is different depending on the type of potato, it can be handled.

Behind the digging blade 5 is provided the gap 81 for returning unneeded earth and sand to the field.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the gap 81 is formed in a slit shape that is long in the front-rear direction, and a large number of the gaps 81 are provided along the entire horizontal direction of the digging blade 5. Before the soil excavated from 81 is sent to the conveyor unit 3, some undesired soil is dropped to the field C.

The crushing blade 6 of the digging portion 2 is located directly above the digging blade 5 and is protruded from the rotary shaft 61 supported by the arm B1. As the arm B1 moves up and down, The digging blade 5 moves up and down.
The rotary shaft 61 has a length in the axial direction that is substantially the same as the left and right direction of the digging blade 5, the axial direction is parallel to the left and right direction of the digging blade 5, and both ends in the left and right direction are on the arm B1. On the other hand, it is supported so as to be driven and rotated forward by a motor, a chain (not shown) or the like. A plurality of crushing blades 6 are arranged in parallel over substantially the entire region along the axial direction of the rotation shaft and project outward from the rotation shaft 61 with respect to the outer periphery of the rotation shaft 61. .
Further, the crushing blade 6 of this embodiment is curved in a direction intersecting with the rotation direction of the rotary shaft 61, and this curving direction is alternately reversed by the crushing blades 6 adjacent to each other in the axial direction and the circumferential direction. It is arranged.
With the plurality of crushing blades 6, the earth lump contained in the earth and sand excavated by the digging blade 5 can be crushed in the entire left and right direction of the digging blade 5.
Further, among the crushed soil blocks that are sized to pass through the gap 81, the crushed blade 6 falls onto the field from the gap 81, and the size that does not pass through the gap 81 is transferred to the conveyor unit 3. It is sent.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the conveyor unit 3 is configured as a belt conveyor that operates to convey earth and sand in the backward direction, and a large number of gaps are formed on the entire surface of the belt unit 31 in the conveyor unit 3. 82 is provided.
The width of the belt portion 31 in the left-right direction is substantially the same as that of the digging blade 5, and the front end thereof is located below the gap 81, and is fed from the entire left-right direction of the digging blade 5. I try to receive all the earth and sand.
The gap 82 has a length over the entire region in the left-right direction of the belt portion 31, and the gap 82 is provided over the entire region in the front-rear direction of the belt portion 31, in the earth and sand fed into the belt portion 31. The earth and sand that are not unnecessary and the earth and sand finely crushed by the crushing blade 6 can be dropped on the field across the entire belt portion 31.
On the left and right sides of the conveyor section 3, wall surface sections 32 are provided over the entire length of the conveyor section in the front-rear direction to prevent the earth and sand being transported from falling.

The crushing unit 7 includes two crushing plates 71 and 72 provided immediately above the conveyor unit 3 and one crushing roller 73.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, the crushing plate 71 is located on the front side of the conveyor unit 3, and the crushing plate 72 is located on the rear side of the conveyor unit 3. The crushing roller 73 is located between the two.
The crushing plates 71 and 72 are rubber plates having a length extending over the entire region in the left-right direction of the belt portion 31, and are suspended from a support rod 33 that spans the wall surface portion 32.
The crushing plates 71 and 72 are suspended with their lower ends in contact with the surface of the belt portion 31, and the crushing plates 71 and 72 are bent upward when the transported earth and sand pass. Thus, a downward urging force is applied when returning from the elastic deformation.
The crushing plates 71 and 72 are crushed so as to crush the clot by the downward urging force, and the finely crushed material is dropped so as to be pushed out from the gap 82.
The crushing roller 73 is a rubber roller having a length over the entire region in the left-right direction of the belt portion 31, and two crushing rollers 73 are provided in the front-rear direction, and the two crushing rollers 73 span the wall surface portion 32. The support shaft 33 is suspended so as to be swingable in the front-rear direction.
The crushing roller 73 is swung by a driving force of a motor (not shown), and the front and back rocking by the driving force of the motor is used to crush the lump in the soil. At the same time, the finely crushed material is dropped so as to be pushed out from the gap 82.
In addition, unnecessary materials other than the lump in the earth and sand get over the crushing roller 73 during transportation and are conveyed backward.
That is, the crushing part 7 of this embodiment first crushes the clot with the crushing plate 71 in front and crushes it finely. The crushing roller 73 crushes and crushes the clot that has not been crushed here, and further crushes here. Since the clot is crushed by crushing the clot with the rear crushing plate 71, a lot of the clot can be returned to the field as fine sand that can be used in the field.

The accommodating portion 4 has a substantially box shape in which a surface facing the rear end side of the conveyor portion 3 is opened, and a large number of gaps 83 are provided on the entire left and right side portions 41 and the bottom portion 42. Yes.
The accommodating part 4 has a width in the left-right direction wider than the width in the left-right direction of the conveyor part 3 and reliably receives the earth and sand to be conveyed.
The gap 83 has a slit shape with a length extending in the entire vertical direction in the left and right side portion 41, and has a slit shape with a length extending in the entire horizontal direction in the bottom portion 42. The earth and sand which is not unnecessary in the earth and sand sent to the part 4 and the earth and sand finely crushed by the crushing blade 6 are dropped on the field across the entire left and right side parts 41 and the bottom part 42 of the housing part. I can do it.
That is, the accommodating part 4 of this form accommodates only the unnecessary substance in the earth and sand finally sent to the accommodating part 4, the earth and sand which is not an unnecessary thing remaining in the sent earth and sand, and the said crushing blade 6 and the crushing part The finely crushed earth and sand can be returned to the field.

Therefore, according to the unnecessary object elimination apparatus 1 of this embodiment, it is excavated and collected regardless of the stirrups and tubers which are the unnecessary objects existing in the deep layer and the shallow layer of the field C, and is present in the deep layer. It is also possible to collect soil clumps, which are unnecessary materials that are dug up simultaneously with the stirrups and tubers, to reduce the adverse effects on the growth of the seed pods to be sown.
Furthermore, earth and sand that are not unnecessary in the excavated earth and sand can be returned to the field during the excavation work, and the earth lump that is unnecessary can be finely crushed and returned to the field as earth and sand that can be used in the field.
Therefore, it is possible to collect unnecessary items in the field without wasting soil in the field.

  It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, and can be implemented with configurations within a range that does not deviate from the contents described in the respective claims.

  The unwanted field elimination device for a potato field of the present invention can also be used in an unwanted field elimination device for a field of agricultural products in which an unwanted product similar to a stirrup or tuber remains.

The side view which shows typically the unnecessary object exclusion apparatus which concerns on this invention. FIG. The principal part enlarged view of FIG. The principal part enlarged view of FIG. The principal part enlarged view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1: Unnecessary object exclusion device 2: Digging part 3: Conveyor part 4: Container part 5: Digging blade 6: Crushing blade 7: Crushing part 81: Crevice 82: Crevice 83: Crevice 61: Rotating axis C: Field

Claims (3)

It is equipped with a traveling vehicle that travels on a field by self-propelling or towing, and is an unnecessary-material eliminating device for a potato field that eliminates unnecessary objects in the field as the traveling vehicle travels.
A digging part that digs up unnecessary items in the field together with earth and sand, a container part that accommodates the digged unnecessary substance, and an unnecessary part that is disposed between the digging part and the container part and dug in the digging part Comprising a conveyor part for transporting objects to the housing part,
The digging unit digs the earth and sand while digging as the traveling vehicle travels, and digging blades that guide the digged earth and sand to the conveyor unit, and earth and sand digged by the digging blade It is equipped with a plurality of crushing blades that crush the contained clot,
The digging blade is provided with a gap for dropping earth and sand excluding unnecessary materials in the digged earth and sand on the field,
The crushing blades were arranged in parallel along the axial direction of the rotating shaft on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft that was driven and rotated in the direction opposite to the digging direction of the digging blade, and protruded in the outer direction of the rotating shaft. A device for eliminating unwanted matter in a potato field.   2. The apparatus for removing unwanted matter from a potato field according to claim 1, wherein a crushing portion for crushing the clot is provided in the earth and sand transport path.   The said conveyor part and / or accommodating part are equipped with the clearance gap in which only the earth and sand which are crushing a clot in the crushing part, and the earth and sand which is not an unnecessary thing fall on a farm field are provided. 2. The unnecessary-material exclusion apparatus of the potato field of 2.

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