JP2008179545A - Anti-inflammatory agent and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Anti-inflammatory agent and method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2008179545A JP2008179545A JP2007012532A JP2007012532A JP2008179545A JP 2008179545 A JP2008179545 A JP 2008179545A JP 2007012532 A JP2007012532 A JP 2007012532A JP 2007012532 A JP2007012532 A JP 2007012532A JP 2008179545 A JP2008179545 A JP 2008179545A
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- inflammatory agent
- alloxanthin
- agent according
- inflammatory
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Abstract
【課題】副作用の危険のない抗炎症剤及びその製造方法を提供する。
【解決手段】本発明の抗炎症剤は、ホヤ由来脂溶性油を有効成分として含有するので極めて高い抗炎症作用を示し、しかも副作用の危険はない。また、本発明の抗炎症剤における極めて高い抗炎症作用を示す活性本体であるホヤ由来カロテノイドではホヤ特有の香りや風味が低減されるので、これらのホヤの特徴を嫌って、ホヤの摂取を避けてきた人々或いは動物に対して利用する事ができる。逆に、ホヤ由来脂溶性油にはホヤ特有の香りや風味が残っている為、ホヤを珍味として消費してきた人々に対しての利用が有効となる。
【選択図】図4An anti-inflammatory agent having no risk of side effects and a method for producing the same are provided.
The anti-inflammatory agent of the present invention contains a sea squirt-derived fat-soluble oil as an active ingredient, and thus exhibits an extremely high anti-inflammatory action and has no risk of side effects. In addition, squirts-derived carotenoids, which are active bodies that exhibit an extremely high anti-inflammatory activity in the anti-inflammatory agent of the present invention, reduce the scent and flavor unique to squirts. It can be used against people or animals who have come. On the contrary, since the scent and flavor unique to sea squirt remain in the sea squirt-derived fat-soluble oil, it is effective for people who have consumed sea squirt as a delicacy.
[Selection] Figure 4
Description
本発明は、脂溶性油を有効成分とした抗炎症剤及びその製造方法に関する。
The present invention relates to an anti-inflammatory agent comprising fat-soluble oil as an active ingredient and a method for producing the same.
生体に炎症性の刺激が加わると、まず局所的に発赤、腫腸、熱感、疼痛といった炎症症状が現れる。これに続いて発熱、血沈亢進、CRP上昇、白血球数の増多または減少、食欲不振、倦怠感、疼痛、ストレス反応などの全身症状が現れる(非特許文献1)。更に、最近では肥満やそれに誘発されるメタボリークシンドロームの発症過程に炎症作用が関与していることが報告されている(非特許文献2,3)。
When an inflammatory stimulus is applied to a living body, first, inflammatory symptoms such as redness, enema, thermal sensation and pain appear locally. This is followed by systemic symptoms such as fever, increased blood sedimentation, increased CRP, increased or decreased white blood cell count, loss of appetite, malaise, pain, and stress response (Non-patent Document 1). Furthermore, recently, it has been reported that inflammatory action is involved in the onset process of obesity and metabolic syndrome induced thereby (Non-patent
通常、炎症性の刺激を受けると、シクロオキシナーゼ(COX)が酵素反応によりアラキドン酸から痛みを伝達する物質であるプロスタグランジン(PG)を産出する。炎症性の刺激に起因するこのような症状を抑える抗炎症剤として、非ステロイド系抗炎症剤(例えば、アセチルサリチル酸、イブプロフェン、エテンザミドなど)が開発され、市販薬として使用されている。この非ステロイド系抗炎症剤の存在下ではCOXにこの非ステロイド系抗炎症剤が優先的に取り付くことにより炎症性の刺激を受けた際のPG合成が阻害され、炎症性の刺激に起因する症状が抑制されると考えられている。 Normally, when subjected to an inflammatory stimulus, cyclooxynase (COX) produces prostaglandin (PG), a substance that transmits pain from arachidonic acid by an enzymatic reaction. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (for example, acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, etenzamide, etc.) have been developed as anti-inflammatory agents that suppress such symptoms caused by inflammatory stimuli and are used as commercially available drugs. In the presence of this non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, PG synthesis upon inflammatory stimulation is inhibited by preferentially attaching this non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent to COX, and symptoms caused by the inflammatory stimulus Is believed to be suppressed.
しかし、現在までに開発された多数の非ステロイド系抗炎症剤には副作用の生じるものもあり、そのような副作用が生じることのない天然物由来の抗炎症剤の開発が急がれている。また、核内転写因子NF−κBの機能に作用することで炎症性サイトカインの発現を阻害する方法も提案されている。 However, many non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that have been developed so far have side effects, and there is an urgent need to develop anti-inflammatory drugs derived from natural products that do not cause such side effects. A method of inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines by acting on the function of the nuclear transcription factor NF-κB has also been proposed.
天然物由来の非ステロイド系抗炎症剤としてカロテノイド(特許文献1、特許文献2)、カロテノイドの一種であるアスタキサンチン(特許文献3)及びアスタキサンチンエステル体(特許文献4)などが挙げられる。
Examples of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents derived from natural products include carotenoids (
皮膚外用剤を開示する特許文献1で想定されているカロテノイドはα−カロテン、β−カロテン、γ−カロテン、リコペン、クリプトキサンチン、ルテイン、アスタキサンチン、カンタキサンチン、ゼアキサンチン、ロドキサンチン、カプサンチン、クロセチン、ビオラキサンチン、スピリロキサンチン、スフェロイデンなど、と記載している。これらのカロテノイドを産出する生物として緑色植物やある種のカビ、酵母、キノコ、細菌など、とも記載している。
The carotenoids envisaged in
また、カロテノイドは高い抗酸化能力又は/及びラジカル消去能力を示すため、炎症を含む様々な病気の発生の抑制に用いられている。この点については、例えば、病気の抑制と改善の為の構造上のカロチノイド類自体を開示する特許文献5などが挙げられる。この活性酸素、過酸化物によって引き起こされる炎症の改善或いは予防に対するカロテノイドの作用機構は、フリーラジカルや一重項酸素などの活性酸素種を直接的に消去することで生体への損傷を防ぐものである。したがって、炎症刺激に伴いCOXから産出されるPG生産の抑制や炎症性サイトカインの発現抑制が行われる非ステロイド系抗炎症剤の抗炎症作用機構とは本質的に異なる。
In addition, carotenoids have high antioxidant ability and / or radical scavenging ability, and are therefore used to suppress the occurrence of various diseases including inflammation. In this regard, for example,
一方、ホヤエキス及びホヤ抽出物を利用したものとして、ホヤエキスの抽出方法及び抽出成分を含有する健康食品を開示した(特許文献6)や美肌用組成物を開示した(特許文献7、特許文献8)などが挙げられる。
On the other hand, as a method using squirt extract and squirt extract, a method for extracting squirt extract and a health food containing extract components are disclosed (Patent Document 6) and a composition for beautifying skin (
特許文献6では、ホヤの筋膜体及び内臓の原材料を用いて摂氏50〜70度の温熱水中又は摂氏50〜70度の温度域でアルコールと反応させてホヤエキスを抽出する、と記載されている。また、このような工程を含んで抽出されたホヤエキスには、主成分としてバナジウム、タウリン、ビタミンB12などが含まれている、とも記載されている。
さらにホヤエキスに含まれるバナジウムは、糖尿病の改善に有効で、タウリンは免疫力の増進に役立ち、ビタミンB12は神経痛、関節痛、筋肉痛の改善に役立ち、葉酸は赤血球の造血作用を促進すると記載している。加えて、実施例において、粉末ホヤエキスの有効成分として、バナジウムは微量、タウリン2.95mg/100mg、ビタミンB12は0.18mg/100mg、葉酸は0.85g/100mg、ミネラルは鉄分が0.15mg/100mg、亜鉛が0.14mg/100mg、カルシュウムが0.85mg/100mgであると記載されている。 In addition, vanadium contained in squirt extract is effective in improving diabetes, taurine is useful in enhancing immunity, vitamin B12 is useful in improving neuralgia, joint pain, and muscle pain, and folic acid is promoted to promote hematopoiesis of erythrocytes. ing. In addition, in Examples, as an active ingredient of powder squirt extract, a small amount of vanadium, 2.95 mg / 100 mg of taurine, 0.18 mg / 100 mg of vitamin B12, 0.85 g / 100 mg of folic acid, 0.15 mg / 100 mg of minerals of iron It is described that 100 mg, zinc is 0.14 mg / 100 mg, and calcium is 0.85 mg / 100 mg.
特許文献7では、ホヤ及び/又はその抽出物、特許文献8では、ホヤ及び/又はその抽出物、ウツボ及び/又はその抽出物、ナマコ及び/又はその抽出物から選択される2種以上を併用して、経口若しくは経皮で摂取することにより、高い美肌効果を発揮し、シワ、たるみ、肌荒れといった肌の老化状態を防止するとしている。また、特許文献7及び特許文献8では、これらの肌荒れや小じわ等を予防・改善するためには肌の潤いと張りを保持する事が重要であるとし、肌の保湿性や弾力性の維持効果を有する成分としてホヤ及び/又はその抽出物を利用しているものと考えられる。
従来、炎症性の疾患を予防する或いは改善する様々な薬剤が開発されていた。しかしこれらの薬剤には副作用の危険性がある為、その危険のない天然物由来の抗炎症剤が望まれていた。
本発明は以上の従来技術における問題に鑑み、副作用の危険のない抗炎症剤及びその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
Conventionally, various drugs that prevent or ameliorate inflammatory diseases have been developed. However, since these drugs have a risk of side effects, anti-inflammatory agents derived from natural products without such risks have been desired.
In view of the above problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an anti-inflammatory agent having no risk of side effects and a method for producing the same.
本発明者等は上記課題について鋭意検討を行った結果、ホヤ由来脂溶性油に含まれるカロテノイドであるアロキサンチン及びディアトキサンチンをマウス由来マクロファージ様細胞RAW264.7に添加し、リポポリサッカライド(LPS)で炎症誘導したところ、有意に各種炎症性サイトカインの産生が抑制されることを見出し、抗炎症剤として報告されているアスタキサンチンと比較して、ホヤ由来脂溶性油に含まれるアロキサンチン及びディアトキサンチンがより高い抗炎症作用を示すことを見出した。 As a result of intensive studies on the above problems, the present inventors added alloxanthin and diatoxanthin, which are carotenoids contained in ascidian-derived fat-soluble oil, to mouse-derived macrophage-like cells RAW264.7, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). ) Induced inflammation, significantly found production of various inflammatory cytokines, compared to astaxanthin reported as an anti-inflammatory agent, alloxanthin and diato contained in ascidian-derived fat-soluble oil It has been found that xanthine exhibits a higher anti-inflammatory effect.
すなわち本発明の抗炎症剤は、ホヤ由来脂溶性油を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする。 That is, the anti-inflammatory agent of the present invention is characterized by containing ascidian-derived fat-soluble oil as an active ingredient.
また一般式1(化1)で示され、抗炎症作用を示す活性本体であるアロキサンチン(Alloxanthin)及び/又は一般式2(化2)で示され、抗炎症作用を示す活性本体であるディアトキサンチン(Diatoxanthin)が抗炎症剤の有効成分であることを特徴とする。 Further, alloxanthin, which is an active substance having an anti-inflammatory action and represented by general formula 1 (Chemical formula 1) and / or a deer which is an active substance having an anti-inflammatory action, which is represented by General formula 2 (Chemical formula 2). Toxanthin is an active ingredient of an anti-inflammatory agent.
(化1)
(Chemical formula 1)
(化2)
(Chemical formula 2)
前記ホヤ由来脂溶性油または一般式1(化1)で示されるアロキサンチン及び/又は一般式2(化2)で示されるディアトキサンチンを食品及び飲料及びサプリメント及びペットフード及び化粧品及びサニタリー製品及び薬剤のうちのいずれかに添加してなる抗炎症剤としてもよい。 The above-mentioned sea squirt-derived fat-soluble oil or alloxanthin represented by the general formula 1 (Chemical Formula 1) and / or diatoxanthin represented by the general formula 2 (Chemical Formula 2) are used as foods, beverages, supplements, pet foods, cosmetics, sanitary products, and It may be an anti-inflammatory agent added to any of the drugs.
また前記アロキサンチン及びディアトキサンチンは、ホヤ等の天然物から抽出し精製された成分及び有機合成によって得られた成分及び微生物を介して合成された成分の中から選ばれた一種又は二種以上の組み合わせによって得られたものであってもよい。また前記アロキサンチン及びディアトキサンチンは全トランス体又はシス体又はその混合物であってもよい。 The alloxanthin and diatoxanthin are one or more selected from components extracted from natural products such as sea squirts, components obtained by organic synthesis and components synthesized through microorganisms. It may be obtained by a combination of The alloxanthin and diatoxanthin may be all-trans isomer, cis isomer, or a mixture thereof.
さらに本発明の抗炎症剤の製造方法は、ホヤから有機溶媒を用いて脂溶性油を抽出する第一工程と、第一工程で得られた抽出液から有機溶媒を除去する第二工程とからなる様にすることができる。 Furthermore, the method for producing an anti-inflammatory agent of the present invention includes a first step of extracting fat-soluble oil from sea squirt using an organic solvent, and a second step of removing the organic solvent from the extract obtained in the first step. Can be.
加えて本発明のホヤ由来カロテノイドの製造方法はホヤから有機溶媒を用いて脂溶性油を抽出する第一工程と、第一工程で得られた抽出液から有機溶媒を除去する第二工程と、第二工程後の抽出液をクロマトグラフィを用いて精製する第三工程とからなる様にしても良い。 In addition, the method for producing the carpoidoid derived from sea squirts of the present invention includes a first process of extracting fat-soluble oil from sea squirts using an organic solvent, a second process of removing the organic solvent from the extract obtained in the first process, You may make it consist of the 3rd process which refine | purifies the extract after a 2nd process using a chromatography.
前記有機溶媒は有機溶媒と水との混合溶媒として用いることができる。 The organic solvent can be used as a mixed solvent of an organic solvent and water.
前記有機溶媒はアルコール類及びエーテル類及びケト類及び脂肪族炭化水素のハロゲン化合物及び脂肪族炭化水素及び芳芳香族炭化水素の中から選ばれた一種又は二種以上の組み合わせによって得られた有機溶媒であっても良い。 The organic solvent is an organic solvent obtained by one or a combination of two or more selected from alcohols, ethers, ketos, aliphatic hydrocarbon halogen compounds, aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons. It may be.
前記前記第一工程における抽出操作は、ホヤ由来カロテノイドの分解を最小限にする為に、10℃以上50℃以下の温度で行われる様にすることが望まれる。 It is desirable that the extraction operation in the first step be performed at a temperature of 10 ° C. or higher and 50 ° C. or lower in order to minimize decomposition of ascidian-derived carotenoids.
また前記第一工程における抽出操作時間は、ホヤ由来カロテノイドの分解を最小限にする為に、30分以上48時間以下とするのが良い。 The extraction operation time in the first step is preferably 30 minutes or more and 48 hours or less in order to minimize the decomposition of ascidian-derived carotenoids.
第三工程のクロマトグラフィで使用する充填剤は、順相系のシリカゲル及びセライト及びアルミナ及び水酸化カルシウム及び逆相系の直鎖アルキル基及び芳香族官能基及び親水性官能基及び極性内包型官能基がシルカゲルに化学結合したものの中から選ばれた一種又は二種以上の組み合わせによって得られた充填剤であっても良い。 The filler used in the third step chromatography is normal phase silica gel, celite, alumina, calcium hydroxide, reverse phase linear alkyl group, aromatic functional group, hydrophilic functional group and polar inclusion type functional group. May be a filler obtained by one or a combination of two or more selected from those chemically bonded to silk gel.
また第三工程のクロマトグラフィで使用する展開溶媒が、水及びアルコール類及びエーテル類及びケト類及び脂肪族炭化水素のハロゲン化合物及び脂肪族炭化水素及び芳香族炭化水素の中から選ばれた一種又は二種以上の組み合わせによって得られた展開溶媒であっても良い。 Further, the developing solvent used in the chromatography in the third step is one or two selected from water, alcohols, ethers, ketos, halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons. A developing solvent obtained by a combination of two or more species may be used.
本発明によれば、極めて高い抗炎症作用を示し、副作用の危険のない天然物由来の抗炎症剤を提供することができる。しかも、本発明の抗炎症剤における極めて高い抗炎症作用を示す活性本体であるホヤ由来カロテノイドではホヤ特有の香りや風味が低減されるので、これらのホヤの特徴を嫌って、ホヤの摂取を避けてきた人々或いは動物に対して利用する事ができる。逆に、ホヤ由来脂溶性油にはホヤ特有の香りや風味が残っている為、ホヤを珍味として消費してきた人々に対しての利用が有効となる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the anti-inflammatory agent derived from the natural product which shows a very high anti-inflammatory action and has no danger of a side effect can be provided. In addition, the squirt-derived carotenoid, which is an active substance exhibiting an extremely high anti-inflammatory action in the anti-inflammatory agent of the present invention, reduces the scent and flavor unique to squirts. It can be used against people or animals who have come. On the contrary, since the scent and flavor unique to sea squirt remain in the sea squirt-derived fat-soluble oil, it is effective for people who have consumed sea squirt as a delicacy.
ホヤ脂溶性油の中にはアロキサンチン及びディアトキサンチン以外にもフコキサンチン及びフコキサンチノール及びハロシンチアキサンチンなどのカロテノイドが存在する。これらのカロテノイドは抗肥満作用、ガン細胞増殖抑制作用を示すことが分かっており、ホヤ由来脂溶性油は抗炎症剤としての有効成分のみに留まらず、抗肥満剤やガン細胞増殖抑制剤などの効果も備える。 In addition to alloxanthin and diatoxanthin, carotenoids such as fucoxanthin, fucoxanthinol and halocinthiaxanthin exist in squirt fat-soluble oil. These carotenoids are known to exhibit anti-obesity and cancer cell growth-inhibiting effects, and sea squirt-derived fat-soluble oils are not limited to active ingredients as anti-inflammatory agents, such as anti-obesity agents and cancer cell growth inhibitors. It also has an effect.
以下、本発明を実施するための最良の形態について具体的に説明するが、本発明がこの実施の形態のみに限定されるものではない。 The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be specifically described below, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.
本発明の抗炎症剤の有効成分であり抗炎症作用を示す活性本体であるアロキサンチン及びディアトキサンチンは、ホヤに含まれるものに限られず、例えばホタテ等の生物に含まれるものであっても良い。 Alloxanthin and diatoxanthin, which are active ingredients of the anti-inflammatory agent of the present invention and exhibit an anti-inflammatory action, are not limited to those contained in sea squirts, for example, those contained in organisms such as scallops. good.
前記ホヤは、海鞘綱(学名:Ascidiacea)、第一目腸性類(学名:Enterogona)、第一亜目無官類(学名:Aplousobranchia)、ポリクリニ科(学名:Polyclinidae)、亜科Polyclininaeに属するマンジュウボヤ(学名:Aplidium pliciferum)、コンボウボヤ(学名:Synoicum clavatum)、モヨウボヤ(学名:Polyclinum constellatum)、スナモチボヤ(学名:Sidneioides snamoti)、亜科Euherdmaniinaeに属するイチゴボヤ(学名:Pseudodistoma kanoko)、ジデムニ科(学名:Didemnidae)に属するミナミウスボヤ(学名:Didemnum candidum)、チャツボボヤ(学名:Didemnum molle)、ミスジジデムニ(学名:Trididemnum savignyii)、マダラボヤ(学名:Leptoclinides madara)、ネンエキボヤ(学名:Diplosoma mitsukurii)、シトネボヤ(学名:Lissoclinum pulvinum)、ポリキトリ科(学名:Polycitoridae)に属するコバルトクラベラ(学名:Clavelina coerulea)、ミドリカイメンボヤ(Eudistoma glaucus)、ヘンゲボヤ(学名:Ploycitor proliferus)、チラシボヤ(学名:Distaplia dubia)、カンザシボヤ(学名:Sycozoa kanzasi)、コップボヤ(学名:Cyathocormus mirabilis)、第二亜目管鰓類(学名:Phlebobranchia)、キオナ科(学名:Cionidae)、亜科Diazoninaeに属するボウズボヤ(学名:Syndiazona grandis)、亜科Cioninaeに属するカタユウレイボヤ(学名:Ciona intestinalis)、ユウレイボヤ(学名:Ciona savignyi)、ペロフォラ科(学名:Perophoridae)に属するタイワンマメボヤ(学名:Perophora multiclathrata)、アスキジア科(学名:Ascidiidae)に属するザラボヤ(学名:Ascidia zara)、ナツメボヤ(学名:Ascidia ahodori)、バナジウムボヤ(学名:Ascidia gemmata)、アグネシア科(学名:Agnesiidae)に属するヒメボヤ(学名:Agnesia himeboja)、コレラ科(学名:Corellidae)に属するガマグチボヤ(学名:Rhodosoma turcicum)、ドロボヤ(学名:Corella japonica)、スボヤ(学名:Chelyosoma siboja)、オクタクネミ科(学名:Octacnemidae)に属するオオグチボヤ(学名:Megalodicopia hians)、第二目壁性類(学名:Pleurogona)、第一亜目褶鰓類(学名:Stolidobranchia)、ボトリルス科(学名:Botryllidae)に属するキクイタボヤ(学名:Botryllus tuberatus)、イタボヤ(学名:Botrylloides violaceus)、スチエラ科(学名:Styelidae)、亜科Polyzoinaeに属するアラレボヤ(学名:Polyzoa vesiculiphora)、コバンイタボヤ(学名:Symplegma reptans)、亜科Styelinaeに属するクロボヤ(学名:Polycarpa cryptocarpa kroboja)、ニシキボヤ(学名:Polycarpa aurata)、シロボヤ(学名:Styela plicata)、エボヤ(学名:Styela clava)、シロボヤモドキ(学名:Cnemidocarpa areolata)、ムラボヤ(学名:Dendrodoa aggregata)、ピウラ科(学名:Pyuridae)に属するミハエルボヤ(学名:Pyura sacciformis)、ハルトボヤ(学名:Microcosmus hartmeyeri)、ツリガネボヤ(学名:Culeolus herdmani)、イブリクシエラボヤ(学名:Boltenia echinata f. iburi)、マボヤ(学名:Halocynthia roretzi)、アカボヤ(学名:Halocynthia aurantium)、ネズミボヤ(学名:Hartmeyeria orientalis)、ベニボヤ(学名:Herdmania momus)、モルグラ科(学名:Molgulidae)に属するカンテンボヤ(学名:Eugyra glutinans)、マンハッタンボヤ(学名:Molgula manhattensis)から選択された一種又は二種以上とすることができ、ホヤ由来カロテノイドを含むものが望ましい。 The sea squirt belongs to the sea scabbard (scientific name: Ascidiacea), the first order intestine (scientific name: Enterogona), the first subspecies insignia (scientific name: Aplosobranchia), polyclinicaceae (scientific name: Polyclinidae), subfamily Polyclininae Manjuboya (scientific name: Apridium pliciferum), Konboboya (scientific name: Synoicum clavatum), Moyoboya (scientific name: Polyclinum constellatum), Subsidium boys (scientific name: Sidomoidena) : Minemius Boya (scientific name: Didemn) um candidum), Chatsuboboya (scientific name: Didemnum molle), Misujijidemuni (scientific name: Trididemnum savignyii), Madaraboya (scientific name: Leptoclinides madara), Nen'ekiboya (scientific name: Diplosoma mitsukurii), Shitoneboya (scientific name: Lissoclinum pulvinum), Porikitori family (scientific name: Polycitoridae ) Cobalt clavela (scientific name: Clavelina coerulea), Eudistoma glaucus, Hengeboya (scientific name: Ploycitor proliferus), flyer boya (scientific name: Dispastria dubia) z i), Kopboya (scientific name: Cyathocormus mirabilis), second suborder moths (scientific name: Phleobranchia), Chionodaceae (scientific name: Cionidae), Bozuboya (scientific name: Syndiazona, belonging to the subfamily Diazoinidae) The kingfisher (scientific name: Ciona intestinalis); ), Date Boya (Scientific name: Ascidia ahodori) Vanadium Boya (scientific name: Ascidia gemmata), Himeboya (scientific name: Agnesia himeboja) belonging to the department of Agnesia (scientific name: Agnesia himeboja), Gammachiboya (scientific name: Cordodia) , Suboya (scientific name: Chelyosoma siboja), Ochiboboya (scientific name: Megaloidopia hians) belonging to the Octacneidae (scientific name: Octacnemididae), Second-class wall sex class (scientific name: Pleurogona), First sub-class of the first subclass , Kikuita Boya (scientific name: Botryl) lus tuberatus), Itaboya (scientific name: Botrylloides violaceus), Stiera family (scientific name: Stylidae), Araleboya (scientific name: Polyzoa vesiculiphor) belonging to the subfamily Polyzoinae Polycarpa cryptocarpa kuroboja), Nishikiboya (scientific name: Polycarpa aurata), Shiroboya (scientific name: Styla privatea), Eboya (scientific name: Styla clava), Shiroboyamo Michael Boya (scientific name: Pyura sacciformis), Hartboya (scientific name: Microcosmus hartmeieri), Tsuruganeboya (scientific name: Culeolus herdmani) iburi), maboya (scientific name: Halocynthia roretzi), red squirrel (scientific name: Halocythia aurantium), murine boya (scientific name: Hartmeeria orientalis), beniboya (scientific name: Herdmania mormorius) ), One or more selected from Manhattan Boya (scientific name: Molgula manhattensis), and preferably contains a carotenoid derived from ascidian.
前記ホヤ由来脂溶性油及びアロキサンチン及びディアトキサンチンの形態は、粉末状態のもの、固体状態のもの、有機溶媒に溶解したもの、又は界面活性剤を用いて水溶性にしたものとすることができる。 The form of the sea squirt-derived fat-soluble oil and alloxanthin and diatoxanthin may be powdered, solid, dissolved in an organic solvent, or water-soluble using a surfactant. it can.
ここで使用するホヤはフリーズドライ又はスプレードライ等を使用して乾燥した状態のものであっても良いし、生の状態であっても良い。さらに、粉砕機又は超臨界装置を使用して、抽出前のホヤが粉末状であっても良いし、切り分けられたものであっても良いし、小さくする何らかの処理をしない状態のものであっても良い。つまり、ホヤの物理、化学的状態がどのようなものであっても良い。 The sea squirt used here may be in a dry state using freeze drying or spray drying, or may be in a raw state. Furthermore, using a pulverizer or a supercritical device, the squirts before extraction may be in the form of a powder, may be cut out, or may not be processed in any way. Also good. In other words, squirts may be in any physical or chemical state.
また使用するホヤの部位はホヤ由来カロテノイドが含まれていれば何れの部位でも良く、好ましくは、ホヤ由来カロテノイドが蓄積されている部位、例えば被嚢(外皮)が望まれる。 In addition, the part of the sea squirt to be used may be any part as long as the sea squirt-derived carotenoid is contained, and a part where the sea squirt-derived carotenoid is accumulated, for example, a capsule (outer skin) is desired.
前記前記第一工程における抽出操作における温度が10℃未満である場合には、抽出効率が悪く、50℃を超える場合にはカロテノイドの分解がおこり、好ましくない。 When the temperature in the extraction operation in the first step is less than 10 ° C., the extraction efficiency is poor, and when it exceeds 50 ° C., carotenoids are decomposed, which is not preferable.
また前記第一工程における抽出操作時間が30分未満である場合には抽出効率が悪く、48時間を超える場合にはカロテノイドの分解がおこり、好ましくない。 Further, when the extraction operation time in the first step is less than 30 minutes, the extraction efficiency is poor, and when it exceeds 48 hours, carotenoids are decomposed, which is not preferable.
第二工程の有機溶媒又は有機溶媒及び水から成る混合溶媒の除去は、ホヤ由来カロテノイドの分解を最小限にする為に、エバポレータ等の減圧蒸留装置を使用して行うことができる。 The removal of the organic solvent or the mixed solvent composed of the organic solvent and water in the second step can be performed using a vacuum distillation apparatus such as an evaporator in order to minimize decomposition of the sea squirt carotenoid.
以下に本発明の実施例につき説明する。一連の本実施例では、炎症性サイトカインの産生評価モデルとして一般的に使用されているマウス由来マクロファージ様細胞RAW264.7について各試験を行った。 Examples of the present invention will be described below. In this series of Examples, each test was conducted on mouse-derived macrophage-like cells RAW264.7, which are generally used as models for evaluating the production of inflammatory cytokines.
(実施例1)ホヤ脂溶性油の調製及びホヤ脂溶性油に含まれるカロテノイドの単離及び分析
ホヤ脂溶性油はエタノール抽出によって生のホヤより得た。このホヤ脂溶性油をシリカゲルの薄層クロマトグラフィ(展開溶媒はアセトン:ヘキサン=2:3(v/v)を使用)に展開させることにより、4つの画分(フラクション1〜4)を得た。これを図1に示す。
Example 1 Preparation of Squirt Fat-soluble Oil and Isolation and Analysis of Carotenoids Contained in Squirt Fat-soluble Oil Squirt fat-soluble oil was obtained from raw sea squirt by ethanol extraction. This fraction oil-soluble oil was developed on silica gel thin layer chromatography (using developing solvent: acetone: hexane = 2: 3 (v / v)) to obtain four fractions (
図1において、(a)〜(d)はそれぞれ、フラクション1〜4として分離し、フラクション3及び4はNMR測定により、それぞれハロシンチアキサンチン(Halocynthiaxanthin)及びフコキサンチノール(Fucoxanthinol)に同定され、これらのカロテノイドは前記操作により単離及び精製されることが分かった。
In FIG. 1, (a) to (d) are separated as
図2は薄層クロマトグラフィで分離された図1に(b)で示すフラクション2画分のHPLC分析結果を示す。図2に示す様に、フラクション2は高速液体クロマトグラフィ(充填剤はODS、展開溶媒はアセトニトリル:メタノール=30:70(v/v)、流速:1.0mL/min)測定から、少なくとも5つのカロテノイド(フラクション2−1〜2−5)から構成される混合物であることが分かった。NMR測定によりフラクション2−1は全トランスアロキサンチン(all−trans alloxanthin)、フラクション2−2は全トランスディアトキサンチン(all−trans diatoxnahin)、フラクション2−3は9,9’シスアロキサンチン(9,9’−cis alloxanthin)、フラクション2−4は9シスアロキサンチン(9−cis alloxanthin)、フラクション2−5は9シスディアトキサンチン(9−cis diatoxnahin)に同定され、前記操作によりこれらのカロテノイドが単離及び精製されることが分かった。図3に本実施例で得られたカロテノイドの化学構造式を示した。
FIG. 2 shows the HPLC analysis results of two fractions shown in FIG. 1 (b) separated by thin layer chromatography. As shown in FIG. 2, the
ホヤ脂溶性油の収率は、ホヤ(外殻を含む)乾燥重量406.33g(試料1)及び325.78g(試料2)からそれぞれ14.159g(3.48重量%)及び16.508g(5.07重量%)を得た。平均すると乾燥したホヤに対して4.28重量%のホヤ脂溶性油が得られた。得られたホヤ脂溶性油をカラムクロマトグラフィ(充填剤はシリカゲル、展開溶媒はアセトン:ヘキサン=2:3(v/v))に展開させることにより、試料1及び試料2から粗カロテノイド分画をそれぞれ8.336g(2.05重量%)及び10.503g(3.22重量%)を得た。
The yield of squirt fat-soluble oil was 14.159 g (3.48% by weight) and 16.508 g (dry weight of squirt (including outer shell) dry weight of 406.33 g (Sample 1) and 325.78 g (Sample 2), respectively. 5.07% by weight). On average, 4.28% by weight of squirt oil-soluble oil was obtained based on the dried squirts. Crude carotenoid fractions were obtained from
さらに前記のHPLC操作を行うことにより、試料1及び試料2から全トランスアロキサンチン0.3521g(0.086重量%)及び0.3304g(0.101重量%)、ハロシンチアキサンチン0.0430g(0.011重量%)及び0.0432g(0.013重量%)、フコキサンチノール0.0311g(0.008重量%)及び0.0321g(0.009重量%)を得た。
Further, by performing the above-described HPLC operation, 0.3521 g (0.086 wt%) and 0.3304 g (0.101 wt%) of all-trans alloxanthin from
(実施例2)炎症性サイトカイン及び炎症関連酵素のmRNA量
1×105cells/mLに濃度を調製したRAW264.7細胞は、RPMI培地中で各ウェルに5mLづつ6穴マイクロプレート中に分注した。これらの細胞を37℃、5%CO2存在下で24時間培養した(前培養)。
(Example 2) Amount of mRNA of inflammatory cytokines and inflammation-related enzymes RAW264.7 cells prepared at a concentration of 1 × 10 5 cells / mL were dispensed into 6-well microplates in 5 mL per well in RPMI medium. did. These cells were cultured for 24 hours at 37 ° C. in the presence of 5% CO 2 (preculture).
各カロテノイド添加用の高濃度カロテノイドのエタノール溶液(全トランスアロキサンチン、全トランスディアトキサンチン、9シスアロキサンチン、9シスディアトキサンチン50μMの1000倍濃度(50mM)の全トランスアロキサンチン、全トランスディアトキサンチン、9シスアロキサンチン、9シスディアトキサンチンのエタノール溶液)を調製した。
Ethanol solution of high-concentration carotenoid for each carotenoid addition (all trans alloxanthin, all transdiaxanthin, 9 cis alloxanthin, 9
これらのカロテノイドのエタノール溶液を前培養したRAW264.7細胞培養液に添加した。その際、培地中のエタノールの濃度は細胞毒性を示さない0.1%以下になるように添加した(ネガティブコントロール(LPS−)及びポジティブコントロール(LPS+)としたRAW264.7細胞培養液にはエタノールのみを添加した)。 These carotenoid ethanol solutions were added to the pre-cultured RAW264.7 cell culture. At that time, ethanol was added so that the concentration of ethanol in the culture medium was 0.1% or less which does not show cytotoxicity (negative control (LPS−) and positive control (LPS +)). Only).
マイクロプレートシェイカーを攪拌した後、37℃、5%CO2存在下で24時間培養し、更にLPSを終濃度0.1 mg/mLとなるように添加し(ネガティブコントロール(LPS−)としたRAW264.7細胞培養液には水のみを添加した)、所定の時間培養した。 After stirring the microplate shaker, the cells were cultured for 24 hours at 37 ° C. in the presence of 5% CO 2 , and LPS was added to a final concentration of 0.1 mg / mL (RAW264 as negative control (LPS−)). .7 cell culture solution was added with water alone) and cultured for a predetermined time.
その後、RAW264.7細胞培養液を除去し、更に生理的リン酸緩衝液(PBS)を用いてRAW264.7細胞を洗浄した。この操作を3回行った。その後、RNeasy Mini Kit (QIAGEN Inc)を用いてTotal RNAを抽出し、定量RT−PCR法により炎症性サイトカインであるTNFα、IL−1β、IL−6のmRNA産生量および炎症関連酵素であるCOX−2、iNOSのmRNA発現量をPRISM7000(Applied Biosystem社)にて測定した。 Thereafter, the RAW264.7 cell culture medium was removed, and the RAW264.7 cells were washed with a physiological phosphate buffer (PBS). This operation was performed three times. Thereafter, total RNA was extracted using RNeasy Mini Kit (QIAGEN Inc), and mRNA production amounts of inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and COX-, an inflammation-related enzyme, were measured by quantitative RT-PCR. 2. The mRNA expression level of iNOS was measured with PRISM7000 (Applied Biosystem).
その結果、全トランスアロキサンチン、全トランスディアトキサンチン、9シスアロキサンチン、9シスディアトキサンチンのいずれのカロテノイドにおいても、LPSによって惹起されたIL−1β、IL−6、TNFαのmRNA発現量(LPSのみを添加したポジティブコントロール)を顕著に抑制することが明らかとなった(図4、図5、図6)。 As a result, in all carotenoids of all-trans alloxanthin, all-transdiaxanthin, 9-cis alloxanthin, and 9-cis-diatoxanthin, mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα induced by LPS ( It was revealed that the positive control to which only LPS was added) was remarkably suppressed (FIGS. 4, 5, and 6).
図4は全トランスアロキサンチン(F2−1)、全トランスディアトキサンチン(F2−2)、9,9’シスアロキサンチン(F2−3)、9シスアロキサンチン(F2−4)、9シスディアトキサンチン(F2−5)をRAW264.7細胞に添加した時のIL−1β遺伝子発現量の添加試料濃度依存性を示す。 FIG. 4 shows all-trans alloxanthin (F2-1), all-transdiaxanthine (F2-2), 9,9 ′ cis-alloxanthin (F2-3), 9-cis alloxanthin (F2-4), 9-cisdia The dependence of the expression level of IL-1β gene upon addition of toxanthin (F2-5) to RAW264.7 cells depends on the added sample concentration.
図5は全トランスアロキサンチン(F2−1)、全トランスディアトキサンチン(F2−2)、9,9’シスアロキサンチン(F2−3)、9シスアロキサンチン(F2−4)、9シスディアトキサンチン(F2−5)をRAW264.7細胞に添加した時のIL−6遺伝子発現量の添加試料濃度依存性を示す。 FIG. 5 shows all-trans alloxanthin (F2-1), all-transdiaxanthine (F2-2), 9,9 ′ cis-alloxanthin (F2-3), 9-cis alloxanthin (F2-4), 9-cisdia The dependence of IL-6 gene expression level on added sample concentration when toxanthin (F2-5) was added to RAW264.7 cells is shown.
図6は全トランスアロキサンチン(F2−1)、全トランスディアトキサンチン(F2−2)、9,9’シスアロキサンチン(F2−3)、9シスアロキサンチン(F2−4)、9シスディアトキサンチン(F2−5)をRAW264.7細胞に添加した時のTNF−α遺伝子発現量の添加試料濃度依存性を示す。 FIG. 6 shows all-trans alloxanthin (F2-1), all-transdiaxanthin (F2-2), 9,9 ′ cis-alloxanthin (F2-3), 9-cis alloxanthin (F2-4), 9-cisdia The dependence of the expression level of TNF-α gene upon addition of toxanthin (F2-5) to RAW264.7 cells depends on the added sample concentration.
また、全トランスアロキサンチン、全トランスディアトキサンチン、9シスアロキサンチン、9シスディアトキサンチンのいずれのカロテノイドもCOX−2 mRNA発現量を抑制した(図7)。iNOS mRNAに対しては全トランスアロキサンチン、9シスアロキサンチンがLPSによって惹起されたmRNA発現量を有意に抑制した(図8)。 In addition, all carotenoids of all-trans alloxanthin, all-transdiaxanthin, 9-cis alloxanthin, and 9-cis allitoxanthin suppressed the expression level of COX-2 mRNA (FIG. 7). For iNOS mRNA, all trans alloxanthin and 9 cis alloxanthin significantly suppressed the mRNA expression level induced by LPS (FIG. 8).
図7は全トランスアロキサンチン(F2−1)、全トランスディアトキサンチン(F2−2)、9,9’シスアロキサンチン(F2−3)、9シスアロキサンチン(F2−4)、9シスディアトキサンチン(F2−5)をRAW264.7細胞に添加した時のCOX−2遺伝子発現量の添加試料濃度依存性を示す。 FIG. 7 shows all-trans alloxanthin (F2-1), all-transdiaxanthine (F2-2), 9,9 ′ cis-alloxanthin (F2-3), 9-cis alloxanthin (F2-4), 9-cisdia The dependence of the COX-2 gene expression level upon addition of toxanthin (F2-5) to RAW264.7 cells is shown in FIG.
図8は全トランスアロキサンチン(F2−1)、全トランスディアトキサンチン(F2−2)、9,9’シスアロキサンチン(F2−3)、9シスアロキサンチン(F2−4)、9シスディアトキサンチン(F2−5)をRAW264.7細胞に添加した時のiNOS遺伝子発現量の添加試料濃度依存性を示す。 FIG. 8 shows all-trans alloxanthin (F2-1), all-transdiaxanthine (F2-2), 9,9 ′ cis-alloxanthin (F2-3), 9-cis alloxanthin (F2-4), 9-cisdia The dependence of the expression level of iNOS gene upon addition of toxanthin (F2-5) to RAW264.7 cells depends on the sample concentration.
これらの結果は、全トランスアロキサンチン、全トランスディアトキサンチン、9シスアロキサンチン、9シスディアトキサンチンが、炎症誘発物質によって惹起される炎症性サイトカイン及び炎症関連酵素をmRNAの発現レベルで抑制できることを示しており、それらの抗炎症作用が期待される結果である。 These results indicate that all-trans alloxanthin, all-transdiaxanthin, 9-cis alloxanthin, and 9-cis diatoxanthin can suppress inflammatory cytokines and inflammation-related enzymes caused by pro-inflammatory substances at the mRNA expression level. These results are expected to have an anti-inflammatory effect.
(実施例3)炎症性サイトカイン産生量
1×105cells/mLに濃度を調製したRAW264.7細胞は、RPMI培地中で各ウェルに5mLづつ6穴マイクロプレート中に分注した。これらの細胞を37℃、5%CO2存在下で24時間培養した(前培養)。全トランスアロキサンチン添加用の高濃度カロテノイドのエタノール溶液(50μMの1000倍濃度(50mM)の全トランスアロキサンチンのエタノール溶液)を調製した。
(Example 3) Producing amount of inflammatory cytokines RAW264.7 cells adjusted to a concentration of 1 × 10 5 cells / mL were dispensed into 6-well microplates in 5 mL per well in RPMI medium. These cells were cultured for 24 hours at 37 ° C. in the presence of 5% CO 2 (preculture). A high-concentration carotenoid ethanol solution for adding all-trans alloxanthin (ethanol solution of all-trans alloxanthin in 50 μM 1000-fold concentration (50 mM)) was prepared.
この全トランスアロキサンチンのエタノール溶液を前培養したRAW264.7細胞培養液に添加した。その際、培地中のエタノールの濃度は細胞毒性を示さない0.1%以下になるように添加した(ネガティブコントロール(LPS−)及びポジティブコントロール(LPS+)としたRAW264.7細胞培養液にはエタノールのみを添加した)。 This ethanolic solution of all trans alloxanthin was added to the precultured RAW264.7 cell culture. At that time, ethanol was added so that the concentration of ethanol in the culture medium was 0.1% or less which does not show cytotoxicity (negative control (LPS−) and positive control (LPS +)). Only).
マイクロプレートシェイカーを攪拌した後、37℃、5%CO2存在下で24時間培養し、更にLPSを終濃度0.1 mg/mLまたは1 mg/mLとなるように添加し(ネガティブコントロール(LPS−)としたRAW264.7細胞培養液には水のみを添加した)、更に24時間培養した。その後、市販のIL−1β、IL−6量測定ELISAキット(PIERCE Chemical Co.)を用いて培養液中に分泌されたサイトカイン量を測定した。 After stirring the microplate shaker, it was incubated for 24 hours at 37 ° C. in the presence of 5% CO 2 , and LPS was further added to a final concentration of 0.1 mg / mL or 1 mg / mL (negative control (LPS Only water was added to the RAW264.7 cell culture medium defined as-)), and further cultured for 24 hours. Thereafter, the amount of cytokine secreted into the culture solution was measured using a commercially available ELISA kit for measuring IL-1β and IL-6 (PIERCE Chemical Co.).
全トランスアロキサンチンは炎症性サイトカインであるIL−1β、IL−6の産生量をタンパク質レベルで抑制していた(図9、図10)。このことより、ホヤ由来のカロテノイドが炎症物質により惹起された炎症性サイトカインの発現量を遺伝子のみならずタンパク質レベルで抑制しており、その有効性が確認された。 All-trans alloxanthin suppressed the production amount of IL-1β and IL-6, which are inflammatory cytokines, at the protein level (FIGS. 9 and 10). From this, the carotenoid derived from sea squirt suppressed the expression level of the inflammatory cytokine induced by the inflammatory substance at the protein level as well as the gene, and its effectiveness was confirmed.
図9は全トランスアロキサンチンをRAW264.7細胞に添加した時の、IL−1β蛋白質発現量の添加試料濃度依存性を示す。
図10は全トランスアロキサンチンをRAW264.7細胞に添加した時の、IL−6蛋白質発現量の添加試料濃度依存性を測定した結果を示す。
FIG. 9 shows the dependence of IL-1β protein expression level on the added sample concentration when all-trans alloxanthin was added to RAW264.7 cells.
FIG. 10 shows the results of measuring the dependence of the expression level of IL-6 protein on the added sample concentration when all-trans alloxanthin was added to RAW264.7 cells.
(実施例4)カロテノイドによる炎症性サイトカインのmRNA量の比較
実施例4として、本発明の抗炎症剤の有効成分であるホヤ由来脂溶性油が含有する50μMの全トランスアロキサンチン(F2−1)及び全トランスディアトキサンチン(F2−2)をRAW264.7細胞に添加した時のIL−1β遺伝子発現量を測定した。またこれに対する比較例として特許文献1で緑色植物やある種のカビ、酵母、キノコ、細菌から産出されると指摘されたゼアキサンチン(Zea)、βカロテン(β−car)、アスタキサンチン(Ast)についても同様にRAW264.7細胞に添加した時のIL−1β遺伝子発現量を測定した。
測定にあたって、1×105cells/mLに濃度を調製したRAW264.7細胞をRPMI培地中で各ウェルに5mLづつ6穴マイクロプレート中に分注した。これらの細胞を37℃、5%CO2存在下で24時間培養した(前培養)。
(Example 4) Comparison of mRNA amount of inflammatory cytokine by carotenoid As Example 4, 50 μM all-trans alloxanthin (F2-1) contained in sea squirt-derived fat-soluble oil which is an active ingredient of the anti-inflammatory agent of the present invention. And IL-1β gene expression level when total transdiaxanthin (F2-2) was added to RAW264.7 cells was measured. In addition, as a comparative example for this, zeaxanthin (Zea), β-carotene (β-car), and astaxanthin (Ast), which are pointed out to be produced from green plants, certain molds, yeasts, mushrooms and bacteria in
In the measurement, RAW264.7 cells adjusted to a concentration of 1 × 10 5 cells / mL were dispensed into 6-well microplates in an amount of 5 mL per well in RPMI medium. These cells were cultured for 24 hours at 37 ° C. in the presence of 5% CO 2 (preculture).
一方、各カロテノイド添加用の高濃度カロテノイドのエタノール溶液またはジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)溶液(全トランスアロキサンチン、全トランスディアトキサンチンはエタノール溶液、ゼアキサンチン、β−カロテン、アスタキサンチンはDMSO溶液とした)を調製した。 On the other hand, high-concentration carotenoid ethanol solution or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution for all carotenoid additions (all trans alloxanthin, all transdiaxanthin is ethanol solution, zeaxanthin, β-carotene, astaxanthin is DMSO solution) is prepared did.
これらのカロテノイド溶液を前培養したRAW264.7細胞培養液に添加した。その際、培地中のエタノールおよびDMSOの濃度は細胞毒性を示さない0.1%以下になるように添加した(ネガティブコントロール(LPS−)及びポジティブコントロール(LPS+)としたRAW264.7細胞培養液にはエタノールまたはDMSOのみを添加した)。マイクロプレートシェイカーを攪拌した後、37℃、5%CO2存在下で24時間培養し、更にLPSを終濃度0.1mg/mLとなるように添加し(ネガティブコントロール(LPS−)としたRAW264.7細胞培養液には水のみを添加した)、所定の時間培養した。 These carotenoid solutions were added to the precultured RAW264.7 cell culture. At that time, ethanol and DMSO in the medium were added so that the concentrations of ethanol and DMSO were 0.1% or less, which did not show cytotoxicity (negative control (LPS−) and positive control (LPS +)). Only added ethanol or DMSO). After stirring the microplate shaker, the cells were cultured at 37 ° C. in the presence of 5% CO 2 for 24 hours, and LPS was added to a final concentration of 0.1 mg / mL (RAW264. Used as negative control (LPS−)). 7 cell culture solution was added with water alone) and cultured for a predetermined time.
その後、RAW264.7細胞培養液を除去し、更に生理的リン酸緩衝液(PBS)を用いてRAW264.7細胞を洗浄した。この操作を3回行った。その後、RNeasy Mini Kit (QIAGEN Inc)を用いてTotal RNAを抽出し、定量RT−PCR法により炎症性サイトカインであるIL−1β、IL−6のmRNA産生量をPRISM7000(Applied Biosystem社)にて測定した。その測定結果を図11及び図12に示す。 Thereafter, the RAW264.7 cell culture medium was removed, and the RAW264.7 cells were washed with a physiological phosphate buffer (PBS). This operation was performed three times. Thereafter, total RNA was extracted using RNeasy Mini Kit (QIAGEN Inc), and mRNA production amounts of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 were measured by PRISM7000 (Applied Biosystem) by quantitative RT-PCR method. did. The measurement results are shown in FIGS.
図11は50μMの全トランスアロキサンチン(F2−1)、全トランスディアトキサンチン(F2−2)、ゼアキサンチン(Zea)、βカロテン(β−car)、アスタキサンチン(Ast)をRAW264.7細胞に添加した時のIL−1β遺伝子発現量を測定した結果を示す。
図12は50μMの全トランスアロキサンチン(F2−1)、全トランスディアトキサンチン(F2−2)、ゼアキサンチン(Zea)、βカロテン(β−car)、アスタキサンチン(Ast)をRAW264.7細胞に添加した時のIL−6遺伝子発現量を測定した結果を示す。
FIG. 11 shows the addition of 50 μM all-trans alloxanthin (F2-1), all-transdiaxanthine (F2-2), zeaxanthin (Zea), β-carotene (β-car), and astaxanthin (Ast) to RAW264.7 cells. The result of having measured the expression level of IL-1β gene is shown.
FIG. 12 shows the addition of 50 μM all-trans alloxanthin (F2-1), all-transdiaxanthine (F2-2), zeaxanthin (Zea), β-carotene (β-car), and astaxanthin (Ast) to RAW264.7 cells. The result of having measured the expression level of IL-6 gene at the time of doing is shown.
図11及び図12に示される様に、本発明の抗炎症剤の有効成分であるホヤ由来脂溶性油が含有する全トランスアロキサンチンおよび全トランスディアトキサンチンによる、IL−1β、IL−6のmRNA発現抑制効果は、特許文献1で緑色植物やある種のカビ、酵母、キノコ、細菌から産出されると指摘されたゼアキサンチン、β−カロテン、アスタキサンチンに比べて顕著な抑制効果であった。特に、これまで抗炎症作用が報告されているアスタキサンチンの効果より顕著であったことは、抗炎症剤としてホヤ由来のカロテノイドが有用であることを示すものである(図11、図12)。
As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, IL-1β and IL-6 by all-trans alloxanthin and all-transdiaxanthin contained in ascidian-derived fat-soluble oil which is an active ingredient of the anti-inflammatory agent of the present invention. The mRNA expression inhibitory effect was a remarkable inhibitory effect compared with zeaxanthin, β-carotene, and astaxanthin, which were pointed out to be produced from green plants, certain molds, yeasts, mushrooms, and bacteria in
(実施例5)ホヤ由来カロテノイドの添加による細胞に対する毒性試験
RAW264.7細胞に対して細胞の生存に深刻な影響を及ぼさない、言い換えると細胞がアポトーシス或いはネクローシスを起こさないようなホヤ由来カロテノイドの添加量を調べた。
10×103cells/mLに濃度を調製したRAW264.7細胞は、RPMI培地中で各ウェルに100μLづつ96穴マイクロプレート中に分注した。これらの細胞を37℃、5%CO2存在下で24時間培養した(前培養)。
(Example 5) Toxicity test for cells by addition of sea squirt carotenoids Addition of sea squirt carotenoids that do not seriously affect cell survival of RAW264.7 cells, in other words, cells do not undergo apoptosis or necrosis The amount was examined.
RAW264.7 cells adjusted to a concentration of 10 × 10 3 cells / mL were dispensed into a 96-well microplate, 100 μL per well in RPMI medium. These cells were cultured for 24 hours at 37 ° C. in the presence of 5% CO 2 (preculture).
各カロテノイド添加用の高濃度カロテノイドのエタノール溶液(全トランスハロシンチアキサンチン、全トランスフコキサンチン、全トランスフコキサンチノール、全トランスアロキサンチン、全トランスディアトキサンチン、9シスアロキサンチン、9シスディアトキサンチン、これらのカロテノイドには炎症誘導剤としてリポポリサッカライド(LPS)を終濃度が0.1 mg/mLになるように調製して添加している、ネガティブコントロールとしてエタノールのみ(LPS−)、ポジティブコントロールとしてLPSのエタノール溶液(LPS+))を以下のように調製し、前培養後のRAW264.7細胞に添加した。 High-concentration carotenoid ethanol solution for each carotenoid addition (all transhalothin thiaxanthine, all transfucoxanthin, all transfucoxanthinol, all trans alloxanthin, all transdiaxanthin, 9 cis alloxanthin, 9 cisdiato Xanthine and these carotenoids are prepared by adding lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as an inflammation inducer to a final concentration of 0.1 mg / mL, ethanol only (LPS-) as a negative control, positive As a control, an ethanol solution of LPS (LPS +) was prepared as follows and added to RAW264.7 cells after preculture.
ハロシンチアキサンチン、フコキサンチン、フコキサンチノールは終濃度0.75、1.5、3μMの1000倍濃度(0.75、1.5、3mM)のハロシンチアキサンチン、フコキサンチン、フコキサンチノールのエタノール溶液を、全トランスアロキサンチン、全トランスディアトキサンチン、9シスアロキサンチン、9シスディアトキサンチン50μMの1000倍濃度(50mM)の全トランスアロキサンチン、全トランスディアトキサンチン、9シスアロキサンチン、9シスディアトキサンチンのエタノール溶液を調製した。
Halocinthiaxanthine, fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol are 1000 times the final concentrations of 0.75, 1.5 and 3 μM (0.75, 1.5 and 3 mM). The ethanol solution of santinol was mixed with all-trans alloxanthin, all-transdiaxanthin, 9-cis alloxanthin, 9-
これらに91倍量(v)のRPMI培地で希釈し、得られた溶液の10μLを前培養したRAW264.7細胞に添加した。このように添加したカロテノイドを調製する事により、培地中のエタノールの濃度は0.1%以下になる。96穴マイクロプレートに取り分けた試料をプレートシェイカーで攪拌し、その後37℃、5%CO2存在下で、所定の時間培養した。 These were diluted with 91-fold volume (v) of RPMI medium, and 10 μL of the resulting solution was added to the pre-cultured RAW264.7 cells. By preparing the carotenoid added in this way, the concentration of ethanol in the medium becomes 0.1% or less. The sample separated into the 96-well microplate was stirred with a plate shaker, and then cultured at 37 ° C. in the presence of 5% CO 2 for a predetermined time.
測定の3時間前にWST−1試薬を各ウェルに10μLずつ添加し、プレートシェーカーで均一に分散させた。さらに3時間培養後、マイクロプレートリーダーで、450nmの吸光度(対照波長は650nm)を測定した。得られた吸光度の値を用いて、細胞生残率=((カロテノイドのエタノール溶液を添加した細胞溶液の吸光度)−(培地とカロテノイドのエタノール溶液の吸光度))/((エタノールを添加した細胞溶液の吸光度)−(培地+エタノール溶液の吸光度))の式から細胞生残率を見積もった。 Three hours before the measurement, 10 μL of WST-1 reagent was added to each well and dispersed uniformly with a plate shaker. After further incubation for 3 hours, absorbance at 450 nm (control wavelength was 650 nm) was measured with a microplate reader. Using the obtained absorbance value, cell survival rate = ((absorbance of cell solution with addition of carotenoid ethanol solution) − (absorbance of medium and carotenoid ethanol solution)) / ((cell solution with addition of ethanol) The cell survival rate was estimated from the equation: (absorbance of) − (absorbance of medium + ethanol solution)).
その結果を図13に示す。図13は 全トランスアロキサンチン(F2−1)、全トランスディアトキサンチン(F2−2)、9,9’シスアロキサンチン(F2−3)、9シスアロキサンチン(F2−4)、9シスディアトキサンチン(F2−5)をRAW264.7細胞に添加した時の細胞生残率の添加試料濃度依存性を見積もった結果を示す。 The result is shown in FIG. FIG. 13 shows all-trans alloxanthin (F2-1), all-transdiaxanthin (F2-2), 9,9 ′ cis-alloxanthin (F2-3), 9-cis alloxanthin (F2-4), 9-cisdia The result of estimating the added sample density | concentration dependence of the cell survival rate when adding toxanthin (F2-5) to RAW264.7 cell is shown.
図13に示される様に、炎症性サイトカインおよび炎症酵素の発現抑制効果を示したホヤ由来のカロテノイドである全トランスハロシンチアキサンチン、全トランスフコキサンチン、全トランスフコキサンチノール、全トランスアロキサンチン、全トランスディアトキサンチン、9シスアロキサンチン、9シスディアトキサンチンはRAW264.7細胞に対して50ppm以上まで細胞毒性を示さなかった。これらの結果はホヤ由来のカロテノイドが生体に対して適合性を有した抗炎症剤であることを示している。 As shown in FIG. 13, all-transhalocinthiaxanthine, all-transfucoxanthin, all-transfucoxanthinol, all-transaloxanthin, carotenoids from sea squirts that showed an inhibitory effect on the expression of inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory enzymes, All transdiaxanthin, 9 cis alloxanthin, and 9 cis alloxanthin did not show cytotoxicity to RAW264.7 cells up to 50 ppm or more. These results indicate that sea squirt-derived carotenoids are anti-inflammatory agents compatible with living organisms.
本発明の抗炎症剤は、ホヤ由来脂溶性油を食品素材等に添加することで機能性食品素材として用いることができ、農業の分野での活用も可能である。 The anti-inflammatory agent of the present invention can be used as a functional food material by adding ascidian-derived fat-soluble oil to a food material or the like, and can also be used in the field of agriculture.
Claims (20)
(化1)
An anti-inflammatory agent, wherein alloxanthin represented by the general formula 1 (Chemical Formula 1) is an active ingredient.
(Chemical formula 1)
(化1)
An anti-inflammatory agent comprising alloxanthin represented by the general formula 1 (Chemical Formula 1) added to any one of foods, beverages, supplements, pet foods, cosmetics, sanitary products, and drugs .
(Chemical formula 1)
(化2)
An anti-inflammatory agent, characterized in that diatoxanthin represented by the general formula 2 (Chemical Formula 2) is an active ingredient
(化2)
Anti-inflammation characterized by adding diatoxanthin represented by general formula 2 (Chemical Formula 2) to any one of foods, beverages, supplements, pet foods, cosmetics, sanitary products and drugs Agent.
(Chemical formula 2)
The developing solvent used in the chromatography in the third step is one selected from water, alcohols, ethers, ketos, aliphatic hydrocarbon halogen compounds, aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons or The method for producing an anti-inflammatory agent according to claim 14, which is a developing solvent obtained by a combination of two or more kinds.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013088177A1 (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-20 | Bergen Teknologioverføring As | Tunicate extract for use in animal feeds |
| KR20200078201A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-07-01 | 강릉원주대학교산학협력단 | An anti-inflammatory or immunological enhancing composition comprising a Halocynthia aurantium body wall fatty acid as an active ingredient |
| JP2023146877A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-10-12 | 株式会社ファンケル | Composition for promoting lipolysis |
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| Title |
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| JPN6012036519; 小西いずみ他: 'ホヤ由来カロテノイドによる炎症性サイトカインの産生制御機能' 日本油化学会年会講演要旨集 Vol.45th, 20060908, p.177 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013088177A1 (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-20 | Bergen Teknologioverføring As | Tunicate extract for use in animal feeds |
| CN104185425A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2014-12-03 | 卑尔根技术交易股份公司 | Tunicate extract for use in animal feeds |
| US10159264B2 (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2018-12-25 | Bergen Teknologioverforing As | Tunicate extract for use in animal feeds |
| KR20200078201A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-07-01 | 강릉원주대학교산학협력단 | An anti-inflammatory or immunological enhancing composition comprising a Halocynthia aurantium body wall fatty acid as an active ingredient |
| KR102162263B1 (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2020-10-06 | 강릉원주대학교산학협력단 | An anti-inflammatory or immunological enhancing composition comprising a Halocynthia aurantium body wall fatty acid as an active ingredient |
| JP2023146877A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-10-12 | 株式会社ファンケル | Composition for promoting lipolysis |
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