JP2008164253A - Cold truck or cold storage, cold storage method and cold storage system - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To increase heat exchange capacity and increase a cooling rate in a cargo compartment in a cold car or a cold box that cools a cargo room atmosphere with a latent heat regenerator.
A latent heat regenerator provided in a cold storage car or a refrigerator is provided with a latent heat regenerator d made of an ice slurry produced by a refrigerator and an ice maker 1 provided on a vehicle body of a cold vehicle 5 or on the ground. The tank 91 or the cooling panel 21 provided in the inside of the cargo compartment 20 of the cold car or the cold storage is filled, and the latent heat storage agent tank or the cooling panel is supplied to the heat exchange unit 36 provided in the cargo compartment. The low-temperature liquid in the latent heat regenerator is circulated, and forced convection w passing through the heat exchange section is generated in the cargo room atmosphere to cool the cargo room atmosphere with the low-temperature liquid. As a result, the cooling capacity of the latent heat regenerator is increased to enable rapid cooling of the cargo room atmosphere and a cold storage capacity at a lower temperature.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention comprises a tank for storing a latent heat regenerator made of ice slurry called dynamic ice or a thin plate-like cooling panel having an internal space filled with the latent heat regenerator on the inner wall surface of a cargo compartment, The present invention relates to a cold storage type cold car or cold box that cools the cargo room atmosphere with a cold storage agent, a cold storage method, and a cold storage system.

In recent years, the consumption structure of food has changed greatly. One is the price reduction of food by mass production and mass consumption, and the other is quality change such as high freshness and safety. Foods imported by low-temperature transport are indispensable in order to supply low-priced foods with no seasonal fluctuations that meet the needs of convenience stores, supermarkets, and the restaurant industry.
On the other hand, an increase in imported foods, etc., leads to consumer anxiety when the producers are not known, and there is an increase in the number of foods that have been clarified as production areas, generally called direct births, and the form of distribution by low-temperature home delivery is rapidly progressing. The situation is also seen.

  Against this background, low-temperature transportation has become common for food logistics. Conventional low-temperature transport is carried out in refrigerated / refrigerated container vehicles. The in-vehicle refrigerator is operated directly connected to the engine and cooled in the warehouse, or the engine is powered and the in-vehicle electric refrigerator is operated. It was a cooling method. Although these distribution forms can manage the temperature in the warehouse, the temperature rises when the cargo is loaded and unloaded, and the temperature inside the warehouse is greatly changed, and it cannot be said that the efficiency of the in-vehicle refrigerator is good.

Conventional in-vehicle refrigerators are equipped with a cooler (evaporator) in the luggage compartment, an air-cooled condenser outside the compartment, driven by a belt from the engine, and driven by an electromagnetic clutch, or by a battery motor. .
Conventional in-vehicle refrigerators are operated so that the temperature in the cargo compartment is lower than a set value, and the in-vehicle refrigerator is also stopped when idling is stopped. If the door of the cargo compartment is opened, the air inside and outside of the room will be exchanged. When idling stops, the on-vehicle refrigerator will also stop, so the warm air that comes in after the cargo door is opened may be cooled. Since this is not possible, there is a problem that the temperature in the cargo compartment rises before the engine is operated.

  Therefore, the present inventors have previously proposed a cold insulation system according to Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-242462) in order to deal with such problems. Hereinafter, an embodiment of the cold insulation system will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 7, a refrigerant below freezing point is sent from the refrigerator unit 01 installed on land to the ice making machine 02, and the ice making machine 02 generates ice slurry from the brine by the cold heat of the refrigerant. The ice slurry is sent to the ice storage tank 03 by the circulation pump 04 and stored. The ice slurry in the ice storage tank 03 is constantly circulated through the circulation pipe 05 by the supply pump 06 and the recovery pump 07.

  The ice slurry in the ice storage tank 03 has a different ice content depending on its height position. By utilizing this, the ice content rate of the ice slurry circulating in the circulation pipe 05 can be controlled by changing the inflow amount of the ice outlets 03a and 03b by the three-way valve 08. The ice storage tank 03 is provided with the ice storage tank previously proposed by the present applicant and disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3461129, that is, a stirrer, so that ice water having a high ice filling rate IPF fed from the stirrer can be reliably taken out. A possible ice storage tank can be used.

In the cold insulated vehicle 010, a cooling panel 012 is disposed on the ceiling portion of the inner wall surface of the cargo compartment 011. The cooling panel 012 has an internal space filled with ice slurry, and the object to be cooled loaded in the cargo compartment 011 is kept cold by the ice slurry filled in the internal space. The cooling panel 012 is provided with an atmosphere release valve 013 for communicating the internal space of the cooling panel 012 with the atmosphere.
In the circulation pipe 05, a plurality of ice slurry supply pipes 021 for supplying ice slurry to the cooling panel 012 and a brine recovery for recovering the brine that has been melted by being cooled by the cooling vehicle 010 from the cooling panel 012 to the circulation pipe 05 Tube 022 is connected. The connecting portion of the brine recovery pipe 022 is provided on the inclined bottom wall side of the cooling panel 012 which is convenient for taking out only the brine.

  A supply unit 023 is interposed in the ice slurry supply pipe 021 and the brine recovery pipe 022, and the supply unit 023 side and the cooler vehicle 010 side are made detachable by a coupler 024 provided in the supply unit 023. The ice slurry supply pipe 021 and the brine recovery pipe 022 near the coupler 024 are provided with an automatic opening / closing valve 025 that opens when the coupler 024 is connected and closes when the coupler 024 is disconnected. The brine collected in the circulation pipe 05 by the collection pipe 022 is primarily stored in the underground pit 014.

In such a cold insulation system, the ice slurry in the ice storage tank 03 is circulated in the circulation pipe 05, and the ice inlet of the three-way valve 08 is based on the detection value of the ice content sensor 026 interposed in the circulation pipe 05. By controlling the inflow amounts of 5a and 5b, the ice content of the ice slurry flowing through the circulation pipe 05 is controlled.
Next, the internal space of the cooling panel 012 of the cold storage vehicle 010 that supplies ice slurry and the circulation pipe 05 are connected by an ice slurry supply pipe 021 and a coupler 024 of a brine recovery pipe 022 provided in the supply unit 023. Thereafter, the brine stored in the cooling panel 012 is simultaneously recovered in the brine recovery pipe 22 while filling the cooling panel 012 from the ice slurry supply pipe 021 at an ice content lower than the target ice content.

  Then, the ice filling rate in the internal space of the cooling panel 012 is targeted while gradually increasing the ice filling rate stored in the internal space of the cooling panel 012 by removing the brine while supplying ice slurry to the cooling panel 012. Make ice filling rate. Thus, by gradually increasing the ice filling rate in the cooling panel 012 while filling the cooling panel with a low ice content, the fluidity of the ice slurry can be maintained and the transport pump power can be reduced.

  According to the cold insulation system, the ice slurry can be efficiently and efficiently filled into the cooling panels 012 installed in the plural cold insulation vehicles 010. In addition, the on-board freezer is not required, and the food can be transported at a low temperature without operating the on-vehicle freezer. Therefore, the cold insulation function can be maintained even when idling of the cold truck is stopped. In addition, by using the latent heat of the cool storage agent against the heat that enters the cargo compartment of the cold storage car or storage room, the cold storage effect is great, and the temperature of the cooling panel keeps the freezing point while ice remains in the ice slurry. Since it is maintained, the cold insulation effect can be maintained even when the door is opened when idling is stopped.

JP 2006-242462 A

  In the cold insulation system of Patent Document 1, the cooling panel has a small surface area when the cooling panel is installed behind the driver's seat (front) on the inside of the cargo compartment, and in such a case, heat exchange with respect to the atmosphere of the cooling panel in the cargo compartment is performed. There is a problem that the ability decreases. Therefore, there is a problem that rapid cooling cannot be performed during initial cooling. In addition, depending on the type of food, it is necessary to keep the cargo room atmosphere temperature lower, and it is necessary to reduce the difference between the cooling panel temperature and the cargo room atmosphere temperature.

  In view of the problems of the related art, the present invention increases the heat exchange capacity of the cold storage vehicle or the cold storage that cools the cargo room atmosphere with the latent heat regenerator than the cold storage system disclosed in Patent Document 1, and cools the cargo compartment. The object is to increase the speed and further reduce the difference between the cooling panel temperature and the cargo room atmosphere temperature.

In order to achieve the above object, the cold storage method of the cold storage vehicle or cold storage of the present invention is
In the cold storage method of the cold storage vehicle or the cold storage that cools the cargo room atmosphere with the latent heat storage agent,
A latent heat storage agent tank or a cold storage vehicle or a cold storage chamber provided in a cold storage vehicle or a cold storage room with a latent heat cold storage agent made of ice slurry produced by a refrigerator and an ice maker provided on the vehicle body of the cold storage vehicle or on the ground Filling a cooling panel provided inside the cargo compartment,
A low-temperature liquid in the latent heat regenerator is circulated from the latent heat regenerator tank or the cooling panel to a heat exchanging unit provided in the cargo room, and forced convection through the heat exchange unit is applied to the atmosphere of the cargo room. It is generated and the cargo room atmosphere is cooled by the low temperature liquid.

The cold storage system of the cold storage vehicle or cold storage of the present invention is
In the cold storage system of the cold storage vehicle or the cold storage that cools the cargo room atmosphere with the latent heat storage agent,
A refrigerator and an ice maker for producing a latent heat regenerator made of ice slurry, which is provided on the body of a cold car or provided on the ground;
A cooling panel that is filled with the latent heat regenerator and that is provided in the interior of the cargo compartment of the regenerator tank or cooler provided in the cooler or cooler; and
A heat exchanging unit that is formed inside the cargo compartment and into which the low-temperature liquid in the latent heat regenerator is introduced to exchange heat between the cryogenic liquid and the cargo-chamber atmosphere to cool the cargo-chamber atmosphere;
A ventilator for generating forced convection of the cargo room atmosphere through the heat exchanger;
It is equipped with.

  In the cold insulation method and the cold insulation system of the present invention, the refrigerator and ice maker for producing the latent heat regenerator are provided on the body of the cold car or on the ground. When the refrigerator and the ice maker are provided in the body of the cold storage vehicle, it is not necessary to provide the refrigerator and the ice maker on the ground, and the cold storage function of the luggage compartment can be maintained only by the device loaded on the cold storage vehicle. .

On the other hand, when the refrigerator and ice making machine are provided on the ground, a ground refrigerator unit having a larger refrigerating capacity than the on-vehicle refrigerator can be installed, and the latent heat regenerator is supplied from the ground refrigerator unit to the latent heat regenerator tank or the cooling panel. By filling in, quick filling is possible compared with the case where the latent heat regenerator is manufactured by the in-vehicle refrigerator unit, and thereby, quick cooling of the cargo room atmosphere is also possible. In addition, since the on-board refrigerator is not used, there is no need for engine idling to operate the on-vehicle refrigerator while the cold car is stopped, and there is an advantage that the engine exhaust gas is not emitted during initial cooling or when the cargo compartment is cooled while the vehicle is stopped. is there. In addition, since the fuel consumption by the on-vehicle refrigerator is zero, the cost is reduced accordingly, the fuel efficiency of the cold car is improved, and CO ₂ can be reduced.

In the cold insulation method and the cold insulation system of the present invention, the low-temperature liquid in the latent heat regenerator is circulated from the latent heat regenerator tank or the cooling panel to the heat exchange section provided in the cargo compartment, and the cargo room atmosphere is circulated. Then, forced convection passing through the heat exchange section is generated to cool the cargo room atmosphere with the low temperature liquid. Due to this forced convection effect, the cooling capacity of the cargo compartment atmosphere can be increased, so that the temperature in the cargo compartment atmosphere can be lowered to near the temperature of the latent heat storage agent, and the time required for the initial cooling of the cargo compartment atmosphere from room temperature to low temperature can be shortened. . Therefore, even when the surface area of the cooling panel is small, or when the latent heat regenerator tank is provided instead of the cooling panel, the cooling capacity of the cargo compartment atmosphere can be maintained.
In this way, rapid cooling becomes possible at the initial cooling time that particularly requires rapid cooling, and temperature rise due to replacement of air outside the cargo compartment can be suppressed as much as possible even when the door is opened and closed.

  In the present invention, when a cooling panel is provided in the cargo compartment, heat can be exchanged between the surface of the cooling panel and the atmosphere in the cargo compartment. On the other hand, when a latent heat cool storage tank is provided outside the cargo compartment, Since a large-capacity latent heat regenerator can be stored in the regenerator tank, long-term cold insulation is possible.

  In the method of the present invention, when returning the low-temperature liquid in the latent heat regenerator to the latent heat regenerator tank or cooling panel while being warmed from the heat exchange unit, the latent heat regenerator stored in the latent heat regenerator tank or cooling panel It is advisable to spray the warmed liquid on the liquid surface to defrost the stored latent heat regenerator. By doing so, the deicing property of the stored latent heat regenerator is improved, and the liquid in the warmed state quickly becomes low temperature, and the cold heat of the latent heat regenerator is transferred to the heat exchange section by pipe. Can be made easier.

  Further, in the cold insulation system of the present invention, a latent heat regenerator tank or a cooling panel includes a storage unit that stores the latent heat regenerator, a heat exchange unit that is provided at an upper part of the storage unit and performs heat exchange with a cargo room atmosphere, A feed pipe with a pump for sending the low-temperature liquid in the latent heat regenerator of the storage section to the heat exchange section, a return pipe for returning the low-temperature liquid from the heat exchange section to the storage section, and attached to the return pipe And a spray nozzle arranged in a distributed manner above the liquid surface of the latent heat regenerator in the storage unit, and the ventilation device is provided in the vicinity of the heat exchange unit and is configured with a fan that generates forced convection through the heat exchange unit can do. By setting it as this structure, this latent-heat regenerator tank or cooling panel can be put together in a standing-up compact shape. Therefore, it can be installed without occupying a large space in the cargo room, and is suitable as a spot cooler.

Further, in the cold insulation system of the present invention, a cooling panel is attached along the ceiling wall or side wall of the cargo compartment, and a fan for generating forced convection in contact with the cooling panel surface is provided, and the cooling panel surface and the cargo cabin atmosphere are provided. A heat exchange part may be formed between the two, and a sheet for preventing dew condensation scatter may be provided across the space in which the forced convection is formed along the cooling panel surface.
With such a configuration, since the heat exchanging portion is composed of the cooling panel and the fan, the heat exchanging portion can be made more compact, and the condensed water adhering to the cooling panel is scattered and the cargo compartment It adheres to the object to be cooled and does not deteriorate the quality of the object to be cooled.

  In the cold insulation system of the present invention, the latent heat regenerator tank is provided outside the cargo compartment of the cold car, the cargo compartment is divided into a first cargo compartment and a second cargo compartment, and the interior of the first cargo compartment and the second cargo compartment. A heat exchange section for exchanging heat between the low-temperature liquid in the latent heat regenerator and the cargo room atmosphere, and exchanging heat between the heat medium that has absorbed engine waste heat and the cargo room atmosphere inside the second cargo room. You may make it provide the heat exchange part which heats the cargo compartment atmosphere. With this configuration, it is possible to have two cargo compartments with different temperature zones. For example, the first cargo room can be used as a chilled room and the second cargo room can be used as a room temperature room. And the to-be-cooled object suitable for each temperature range can be accommodated in a 1st loading chamber and a 2nd loading chamber.

In addition, the cold car or cold storage of the present invention is
In a cold car or cold box that cools the cargo room atmosphere with a latent heat storage agent,
A latent heat regenerator tank filled with a latent heat regenerator made of ice slurry produced by a refrigerator and an ice maker provided on the body of a cold car or on the ground, or the luggage compartment filled with the latent heat regenerator A cooling panel provided inside the
A heat exchanging section that is formed inside the cargo compartment and in which a low-temperature liquid in the latent heat regenerator is introduced to exchange heat between the cryogenic liquid and the cargo-chamber atmosphere, thereby cooling the cargo-chamber atmosphere;
A ventilator for generating forced convection of the cargo room atmosphere through the heat exchanger;
It is equipped with.

  By providing the heat exchanger or the cool box of the present invention with the heat exchange unit and the ventilation device, the heat exchange capacity between the latent heat regenerator and the cargo room atmosphere in the cargo compartment is increased, and rapid cooling becomes possible. If the refrigerator and the ice making machine are provided in the body of the cold storage vehicle, the cold storage vehicle or the cold storage alone can have a cold storage function and no ground equipment is required.

  According to the cold insulation method of the present invention, the latent heat regenerator composed of ice slurry is filled into the latent heat regenerator tank provided in the cold car or the cold box or the cooling panel provided inside the cargo compartment of the cold car or the cold box. And circulating the low-temperature liquid in the latent heat regenerator from the latent heat regenerator tank or the cooling panel to the heat exchange section provided in the cargo compartment, and forced convection through the heat exchanger to the cargo room atmosphere. The atmosphere inside the cargo compartment is cooled by the low-temperature liquid, and the cooling effect of the latent heat storage agent and the heat exchange action by forced convection are combined with a simple device to cool the cargo compartment. Can be improved. Accordingly, the cargo room atmosphere can be rapidly cooled, and the cargo room atmosphere can be kept at a lower temperature as compared with the cold insulation system disclosed in Patent Document 1, and the difference between the cooling panel temperature and the cargo room atmosphere temperature can be reduced. Can be small.

  Further, according to the cold insulation system of the present invention, a refrigerator and an ice maker for producing a latent heat regenerator that is provided on the vehicle body of the cold insulation vehicle or provided on the ground and made of ice slurry, and the latent heat regenerator are filled, Or a latent heat regenerator tank provided in the cool box or a cooling panel provided in the cargo compartment of the cool car or the cool box, and a low-temperature liquid formed in the latent heat regenerator formed in the cargo compartment is introduced. By providing a heat exchanging part that cools the cargo compartment atmosphere by exchanging heat between the cryogenic liquid and the cargo compartment atmosphere, and a ventilation device that generates forced convection of the cargo compartment atmosphere passing through the heat exchange part, Due to the synergistic effect of the cooling capacity of the latent heat regenerator and the heat exchange action by forced convection of the ventilating device, the cooling effect in the cargo compartment can be improved with a simple device. Can reduce It becomes ability.

  Moreover, according to the cold storage vehicle or the cold storage of the present invention, the latent heat cold storage agent that is filled with the latent heat cold storage agent that is provided on the vehicle body of the cold storage vehicle or that is made of an ice slurry manufactured by a refrigerator and an ice making machine provided on the ground. A cooling panel provided inside a tank or a cargo room filled with the latent heat regenerator, a low temperature liquid formed in the cargo room and introduced in the latent heat regenerator, A cooling capacity of the latent heat regenerator with a heat exchanging unit that cools the cargo room atmosphere by exchanging heat and a ventilation device that generates forced convection of the cargo room atmosphere passing through the heat exchange unit. Due to the synergistic effect with the heat exchange action by forced convection of the ventilation device, the cooling effect in the cargo compartment can be improved with a simple device.

Accordingly, the cargo room atmosphere can be rapidly cooled, and the cargo room atmosphere can be kept at a lower temperature as compared with the cold insulation system disclosed in Patent Document 1, and the difference between the cooling panel temperature and the cargo room atmosphere temperature can be reduced. Can be small.
If the refrigerator and the ice making machine are provided in the body of the cold storage vehicle, the cold storage vehicle can have the function of cooling the luggage compartment, and there is an advantage that no ground equipment is required.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to that unless otherwise specified.
(Embodiment 1)

  FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the configuration of a cold-reserved vehicle according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a conventional natural convection system and forcing of this embodiment. It is a diagram which shows the cooling rate comparison with a convection method. In FIG. 1, the brine stored in the ice storage tank 2 is sent to the refrigerator / ice making unit 1 through a pipe 11 provided with a pump 12, where it is cooled to produce an ice slurry called dynamic ice. Is done. The ice slurry produced by the refrigerator / ice making unit 1 is returned to the ice storage tank 2 from the pipe 13 and stored in the ice storage tank 2.

  When supplying the ice slurry to the cold car 5, the ice panel is filled into the cooling panel 21 provided in the luggage compartment 20 of the cold car 5 through the hoses 18 and 19 provided in the supply unit 4. The ice storage tank 2 and the supply unit 4 are connected by a pipe 16 provided with a pump 17. The ice storage tank 2 is provided with ice outlets 14a and 14b provided at different heights. The ice slurry in the ice storage tank 2 has a different ice content depending on its height position. By utilizing this, the amount of ice slurry supplied from the ice inlets 14a and 14b is changed by the three-way valve 15 provided in the pipe 16, thereby the ice slurry supplied to the supply unit 4 via the pipe 16 is changed. Controls ice content.

  After the cold car 5 stops in front of the supply unit 4, the supply hose 18 is connected to the supply hose 22 attached to the cooling panel 21 via the coupler 24, and at the same time, the recovery hose 19 is connected to the cooling panel 21 via the coupler 25. Is connected to a recovery hose 23 attached to the. The hoses 18, 19, 22, and 23 are provided with automatic opening / closing valves 26 to 29 that are configured to automatically open when these hoses are connected by the couplers 24 and 25 and close when disconnected.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a cooling panel 21 is installed on the wall surface on the back side of the driver's seat in the luggage compartment 20 of the cold storage vehicle 5. When the weight of the ice slurry filled in the cooling panel 21 becomes heavy corresponding to the transport distance of the cold car 5, the center of gravity must be lowered with respect to the falling angle of the cold car 5. In this case, since the cooling panel 21 cannot be installed on the ceiling, it is installed on the wall surface on the back side of the driver's seat. The cooling panel 21 includes a feed pipe 32 for sending a low-temperature liquid in the ice slurry d filled in the storage portion 21 a of the cooling panel 21 to an air cooler 31 disposed above the interior of the cargo compartment 20 by a small pump 30, and an air cooler 31. And a return pipe 33 for returning the warmed liquid after being subjected to heat exchange with the cargo room atmosphere to the upper part of the cooling panel 21.

  A plurality of spray nozzles 34 are arranged in a distributed manner in the upper part of the storage portion 21 a of the cooling panel 21 and communicated with the return pipe 33, and the brine that is heated by the air cooler 31 and exchanged heat with the cargo room atmosphere is cooled by the spray nozzle 34. It spreads over the entire surface of the ice slurry stored inside. Further, in the casing 35 of the air cooler 31, a heat exchanger 36 in which a pipe through which a low-temperature liquid flows is meandered and a fan 37 that forms forced convection (cold air w) passing through the heat exchange unit 36 is provided. ing.

  In the first embodiment having such a configuration, when ice slurry is supplied from the ice storage tank 2 installed on the ground to the cold storage vehicle 5, the supply hose 18 on the supply unit 4 side and the supply hose 22 on the cooling panel 21 side are connected. The coupler 24 connects the recovery hose 19 on the supply unit 4 side and the recovery hose 23 on the cooling panel 21 side with a coupler 25. Then, the ice slurry in the ice storage tank 2 is supplied by the pump 17 to the cooling panel 21 of the cold storage vehicle 5 through the supply unit 4. At the same time, the pump 41 provided in the recovery line 40 is driven, and the brine in the cooling panel 21 after being subjected to heat exchange with the cargo room atmosphere is recovered in the recovery tank 3 via the recovery line 40. Thereafter, the brine in the recovery tank 3 is recovered in the ice storage tank 2 by a pump 43 provided in the recovery pipeline 42.

  According to the present embodiment, the heat exchange unit 36 between the low temperature liquid in the ice slurry and the cargo room atmosphere is provided in the casing 35 of the air cooler 31, and forced convection (cold air w) passing through the heat exchange unit 36 by the fan 37. Due to the formation, the heat exchange capacity between the ice slurry and the cargo room atmosphere can be increased, and rapid cooling is possible. In addition, since the ice slurry produced by the above-described freezer / ice maker unit 1 having a large refrigeration capacity can be filled in the cooling panel 21 of the cold storage vehicle 5 in a short time, this enables rapid cooling of the cargo room atmosphere.

Even if outside air enters when the door is opened and closed and the temperature temporarily rises, the cooling effect is great, so the temperature drops immediately and the temperature in the cargo compartment atmosphere does not change much. In addition, since no on-board refrigerator is used, there is an advantage that the engine idling for operating the on-vehicle refrigerator is not required when the cold storage vehicle is stopped, and the exhaust gas of the engine is not emitted during the initial cooling or cooling of the cargo compartment while the vehicle is stopped. . In addition, since the fuel consumption by the on-vehicle refrigerator is zero, the cost is reduced accordingly, the fuel efficiency of the cold car is improved, and CO ₂ can be reduced.

  FIG. 3 shows the cooling rate of the cooling experiment conducted in the cooling system by the natural convection method disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the cooling system by the forced convection method of this embodiment when the ice slurry freezing temperature is −4 ° C. It is shown in comparison. From FIG. 3, it can be seen that the forced convection method of the present embodiment allows rapid cooling, shortens the initial cooling time, further lowers the cargo room atmosphere temperature, and cools to 5 ° C. or less in 30 minutes.

The ice storage tank 03 is provided with the ice storage tank previously proposed by the present applicant and disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3461129, that is, a stirrer, so that ice water having a high ice filling rate IPF fed from the stirrer can be reliably taken out. A possible ice storage tank can be used. As a result, ice water with a high ice filling rate IPF can be stored in the cooling panel 21, so that the cooling capacity can be further increased.
(Embodiment 2)

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4A is a vertical elevation view of the present embodiment, and FIG. 4B is a transverse side view. In FIG. 4, an air cooler 51 is disposed at the upper part of the integrated panel body 50, and a cooling panel 61 having a storage part 61 a for storing ice slurry d is disposed at the lower part. An ice slurry inlet 62 and a brine outlet 63 are provided below the reservoir 61a. When supplying the ice slurry d to the cooling panel 61, an ice slurry supply (not shown) provided on the ground to the ice slurry inlet 62 is provided. An ice slurry supply hose connected to the center is connected, and a brine recovery hose is connected to the brine outlet 63.

  Below the cooling panel 61, a header 65 having a plurality of pores 64 is installed horizontally, and the header 65 is fed through a small pump 67 in the vertical direction outside the cooling panel 61. Connected to tube 68. A cylindrical wire mesh 66 is disposed around the header 65 to prevent foreign matters including fine ice nuclei in the reservoir 61 from entering the header 65 through the pores 64. .

  The air cooler 51 is provided with a heat exchanging section 52 including a meandering pipe 53 communicating with the feed pipe 68 and formed in a meandering manner, and a plurality of fins 54 arranged at intervals in the vertical direction and connecting the meandering pipes 53. It has been. A plurality of fans 55 are disposed below the heat exchanging portion 52 to form forced convection that enters from the inlet 56, passes through the heat exchanging portion 52, and exits from the outlet 57. A return pipe 69 is connected to the return side of the meandering pipe 53, the return pipe 69 extends to the upper part of the cooling panel 61, and a plurality of spray nozzles 70 are provided downward on the upper part of the cooling panel 61. A control device 71 is provided on the side surface of the panel body 50.

  As described above, this embodiment forms a compact integrated panel in which the cooling panel 61, the air cooler 51, the small pump 67, and the control device 71 are integrated. Since the panel main body 50 is erected on the side wall of the cargo compartment of the cold car, no space is taken in the cargo compartment.

  In the second embodiment having such a configuration, the cargo compartment atmosphere is cooled by contacting the cargo compartment atmosphere on the surface of the cooling panel 61 to which the ice slurry is supplied. At the same time, the low-temperature liquid in the ice slurry in the cooling panel 61 reaches the heat exchanger 52 of the air cooler 51 from the header 65 through the feed pipe 68 by the small pump 67. The heat exchange unit 52 cools the cargo room atmosphere by exchanging heat with the cargo room atmosphere in which forced convection is formed by the fan 55. The brine whose temperature has risen by exchanging the atmosphere in the cargo compartment in the heat exchange part 52 reaches the upper part of the ice slurry storage part 61a of the cooling panel 61 via the return pipe 69, and the surface of the ice slurry in the storage part by the spray nozzle 70. Sprayed over the entire surface. As a result, the ice slurry on the surface of the storage part is deiced to improve the deicing property, and the warmed liquid quickly becomes low temperature, and the cold heat of the latent heat regenerator is transferred to the heat exchange part by a pipe. Can make it easier.

During traveling of the cold car, the air cooler 51 including the small pump 67 and the fan 55 is driven by an in-vehicle battery (not shown) until the atmosphere in the cargo compartment is lowered to a predetermined temperature. When the cold car is stopped at the ground ice slurry supply center, or when it is stopped due to loading or unloading of luggage, the small pump 67 and the air cooler 51 are driven by an in-vehicle battery or an external power source. It is desirable that the small pump 67 and the air cooler 51 are configured to automatically stop when the door of the cargo compartment is opened.
When supplying ice slurry from the ground supply center to the cold storage vehicle, an ice slurry supply hose is connected to the ice slurry inlet 62 and a brine recovery hose is connected to the brine outlet 63 to connect the ice slurry to the cooling panel 61. Supply and recovery of the brine in the cooling panel 61 are performed simultaneously. At the same time, the air cooler 51 and the small pump 67 are driven by an external power source (not shown) to perform initial cooling of the cargo compartment.

According to the present embodiment, the atmosphere in the cargo compartment is cooled by the surface of the cooling panel 61, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved by exchanging heat with the cargo cabin atmosphere in which forced convection is formed in the heat exchange section 52 of the air cooler 51. Thus, the cooling effect of the cargo room atmosphere can be improved. Moreover, since the ice slurry can be rapidly filled into the cooling panel 61 in a short time from a refrigerator / ice making unit having a large refrigeration capacity installed on the ground, rapid cooling is possible. Furthermore, since the cooling panel 61, the air cooler 51, the small pump 67, and the control device 71 are formed in a compact and integrated type, even if they are installed in the luggage compartment, they do not take up space and can be used as spot coolers.
(Embodiment 3)

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory side view of a cold truck equipped with a cold insulation system according to the third embodiment. In FIG. 5, a cooling panel 81 filled with ice slurry is provided on the ceiling wall surface of the luggage compartment 20 of the cooler vehicle 5, and an auxiliary fan 82 is provided in the vicinity of the cooling panel 81. Air is sent toward the cooling panel 81 by the auxiliary fan 82. This forms a forced convection that contacts the cooling panel 81 and circulates in the direction of the arrow along the cooling panel 81. Further, a condensed water repellent sheet 83 is provided below the cooling panel 81 at a position facing the cooling panel 81 with the circulation flow interposed therebetween.

  In the present embodiment, the ice slurry is supplied to the cooling panel 81 from a supply center provided on the ground in the same manner as in the first and second embodiments. The auxiliary fan 82 is driven by an in-vehicle battery during traveling of the cold storage vehicle when the inside of the luggage compartment 20 is rapidly cooled, and is stopped at the ground supply center or the like, or when the cargo is loaded or unloaded at the store, etc. It is driven by an on-board battery or an external power source. In this embodiment, since the circulation flow is formed in contact with the surface of the cooling panel 81 by the auxiliary fan 82, the cooling effect of the cargo compartment atmosphere can be improved.

Further, the dew condensation water adhering to the cooling panel 81 is received by the dew condensation water-repellent sheet 83 disposed below the cooling panel 81 and facing the cooling panel 81, so that the dew condensation water scatters and adheres to the object to be cooled. It is prevented. Further, the water repellent sheet 83 for dew condensation also has a function of a duct for guiding forced convection formed along the cooling panel 81 by the auxiliary fan 82, and heat exchange between the warm air sent from the auxiliary fan 82 and the cooling panel 81 is performed. Make it better.
(Embodiment 4)

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a side view explanatory diagram of a cold truck equipped with a cold insulation system according to the fourth embodiment. In FIG. 6, in the present embodiment, a heat-insulated ice storage tank 91 is installed outside the cargo compartment, that is, below the cargo compartment 20 instead of the cooling panel. The luggage compartment 20 is divided by a partition wall 92 into a luggage compartment 20a and a cargo compartment 20b. The partition wall 92 is configured to be movable in the direction of the arrow, so that the volumes of the luggage compartment 20a and the luggage compartment 20b can be changed.
The installation position of the ice storage tank 91 is not limited to the lower side of the luggage compartment 20 and can be installed at an appropriate position outside the luggage compartment 20.

  Air coolers 93 and 94 having the same configuration as the air cooler 31 of the first embodiment are installed in the luggage compartments 20a and 20b, respectively. The low temperature liquid in the ice slurry of the ice storage tank 91 is sent to the heat exchange part of the air cooler 93 via the feed pipe 95 provided with the small pump 96, and the atmosphere in the cargo compartment 20a is cooled by the heat exchange part. Thereafter, the air is sent from the connecting pipe 97 to the air cooler 94. A circulation line is formed so that the atmosphere in the cargo compartment 20 b is cooled by the heat exchange part of the air cooler 94 and then returns to the ice storage tank 91 through the return pipe 98. Each of the air coolers 93 and 94 is provided with a fan for forming forced convection passing through the heat exchange section.

  In addition, an air heater 99 is provided in the luggage compartment 20b, and a feed pipe 101 that introduces a radiator antifreeze or the like that has recovered the waste heat of the engine 100 of the cold storage vehicle 5 is provided in a heat exchange portion of the air heater 99. A return pipe 103 for returning the heat medium supplied to the exchange unit to the engine portion is provided. The air heater 99 is provided with a fan for forming a forced convection passing through the cargo room atmosphere in the heat exchange section.

In this embodiment having such a configuration, the low temperature liquid in the ice slurry is sent from the ice storage tank 91 to the heat exchange section of the air cooler 93 of the cargo compartment 20a by the small pump 96, and the cargo compartment atmosphere is cooled by forced convection of the fan. Thereafter, the low-temperature liquid in the ice slurry is sent to the heat exchange section of the air cooler 94 through the connecting pipe 97 to similarly cool the atmosphere in the cargo compartment 20b. On the other hand, in the cargo compartment 20b, the atmosphere in the cargo compartment can also be heated by an air heater 99 utilizing waste heat of the engine.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the cargo room 20a can be used as a chilled room, and the cargo room 20b can be used as a room temperature (20 ° C.) room.

Thus, in this embodiment, the cooling panel is not installed in the cargo compartment, but instead, the ice storage tank 91 is provided outside the cargo compartment, that is, in the lower part of the cargo compartment 20 or the like. In particular, in the cargo compartment 20b, if a cooling panel is installed in the cargo compartment, it becomes a heating load, and the ice slurry in the cooling panel is melted, so the cooling panel is not installed. In this embodiment, the method of supplying ice slurry to the ice storage tank 91 and the operation method of the cold insulation system are the same as those in the first embodiment.
According to this embodiment, the cold storage vehicle can have two cargo compartments having different heat insulation temperatures. In addition, since the ice storage tank 91 is provided in the cold storage vehicle 5, a large amount of ice slurry can be stored, so that a long-time cold operation can be performed.

  According to the present invention, when an object to be cooled is stored in a cold car or a cold box, the cargo room is provided with a heat exchange part between the latent heat storage agent and the cargo room atmosphere, and forced convection flows through the heat exchange part. Thus, heat exchange efficiency can be improved with a simple apparatus, and rapid cooling, lowering of the temperature in the cargo compartment atmosphere, and long-term cooling effect can be achieved.

1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view block diagram of the cold storage vehicle which concerns on the said 1st Embodiment. It is a diagram which shows the cooling rate comparison with the conventional natural convection system and the forced convection system of this embodiment. It concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a vertical elevation view, (b) is a cross-sectional side view. It is a side view lineblock diagram of the cold-storage vehicle concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view lineblock diagram of the cold-storage vehicle concerning a 4th embodiment of the present invention. It is a whole block diagram which shows the conventional cold insulation system.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Refrigerator / ice making unit 2 Ice storage tank 3 Recovery tank 4 Supply unit 5 Cold storage vehicle 20, 20a, 20b Cargo compartment 21, 61, 81 Cooling panel 21a, 61a Ice slurry storage 30, 67, 102 Small pumps 31, 51, 93, 94 Air cooler 32, 68, 95 Ice slurry feed pipe 33, 69, 98 Ice slurry return pipe 34, 70 Spray nozzle 36, 52 Heat exchange section 37, 55 Fan (ventilator)
82 Auxiliary fan (ventilator)
83 Water repellent sheet for condensation 91 Ice storage tank 99 Air heater (heat exchanger)
101 Heat medium feed pipe 103 Heat medium return pipe d Ice slurry (latent heat regenerator)
w Cold wind (forced convection)

Claims (7)

In the cold storage method of the cold storage vehicle or the cold storage that cools the cargo room atmosphere with the latent heat storage agent,
A latent heat storage agent tank or a cold storage vehicle or a cold storage chamber provided in a cold storage vehicle or a cold storage room with a latent heat cold storage agent made of ice slurry produced by a refrigerator and an ice maker provided on the vehicle body of the cold storage vehicle or on the ground Filling a cooling panel provided inside the cargo compartment,
A low-temperature liquid in the latent heat regenerator is circulated from the latent heat regenerator tank or the cooling panel to a heat exchanging unit provided in the cargo room, and forced convection through the heat exchange unit is applied to the atmosphere of the cargo room. A cooling method for a cold car or a cold box, wherein the cold room is cooled by the low temperature liquid.   When returning the low-temperature liquid in the latent heat regenerator to the latent heat regenerator tank or cooling panel in a state of being warmed from the heat exchange unit, the liquid of the latent heat regenerator stored in the latent heat regenerator tank or cooling panel 2. The method for keeping cold in a cold car or a cold box according to claim 1, wherein the cryogenic liquid is sprayed on a surface to defrost the stored latent heat regenerator. In the cold storage system of the cold storage vehicle or the cold storage that cools the cargo room atmosphere with the latent heat storage agent,
A refrigerator and an ice maker for producing a latent heat regenerator made of ice slurry, which is provided on the body of a cold car or provided on the ground;
A cooling panel that is filled with the latent heat regenerator and that is provided in the interior of the cargo compartment of the regenerator tank or cooler provided in the cooler or cooler; and
A heat exchanging unit that is formed inside the cargo compartment and into which the low-temperature liquid in the latent heat regenerator is introduced to exchange heat between the cryogenic liquid and the cargo-chamber atmosphere to cool the cargo-chamber atmosphere;
A ventilator for generating forced convection of the cargo room atmosphere through the heat exchanger;
A cold storage system for a cold storage vehicle or a cold storage. The latent heat regenerator tank or the cooling panel is a storage part for storing the latent heat regenerator, a heat exchanging part provided at the upper part of the storage part for exchanging heat with the cargo room atmosphere, and in the latent heat regenerator of the storage part A feed pipe with a pump for sending the low-temperature liquid to the heat exchange section, a return pipe for returning the low-temperature liquid to the storage section in a state of being warmed from the heat exchange section, and a latent heat storage cold of the storage section attached to the return pipe A spray nozzle distributed over the liquid surface of the agent,
The cold storage system for a cold car or a cold box according to claim 3, wherein the ventilation device is a fan that is provided in the vicinity of the heat exchange unit and generates forced convection through the heat exchange unit. The cooling panel is attached to the ceiling wall or side wall of the cargo compartment,
A fan is provided in contact with the cooling panel surface to generate forced convection of the cargo room atmosphere to form the heat exchange part between the cooling panel surface and the cargo room atmosphere,
The cold insulation system for a cold car or a cold box according to claim 3, wherein a sheet for preventing dew condensation scattering is provided across a space in which the forced convection is formed along the cooling panel surface. The latent heat regenerator tank is provided outside the cargo compartment of the cold storage vehicle, the cargo compartment is divided into a first cargo compartment and a second cargo compartment, and the heat exchange is performed inside the first cargo compartment and the second cargo compartment, respectively. Set up a section,
4. The cold insulation according to claim 3, wherein a heat exchange section is provided inside the second cargo compartment for heat exchange between a heat medium that has absorbed engine waste heat and the cargo compartment atmosphere to heat the cargo compartment atmosphere. A car or cold storage system. In a cold car or cold box that cools the cargo room atmosphere with a latent heat storage agent,
A latent heat regenerator tank filled with a latent heat regenerator made of ice slurry produced by a refrigerator and an ice maker provided on the body of a cold car or on the ground, or the luggage compartment filled with the latent heat regenerator A cooling panel provided inside the
A low temperature liquid in the latent heat regenerator is introduced from the latent heat regenerator tank or the cooling panel formed inside the cargo room, and heats the low temperature liquid and the cargo room atmosphere to cool the cargo room atmosphere. A heat exchange section;
A ventilator for generating forced convection of the cargo room atmosphere through the heat exchanger;
A cold car or a cold storage characterized by comprising

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