JP2008161096A - Protective reef for marine fishery growth, protection and enhancement facility of chionoecetes opilio and method for protecting marine fishery growth region - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a protective reef for marine fishery growth, a protection and raising facility for Chionoecetes opilio that uses the same and a method for protecting a marine fishery growth region. <P>SOLUTION: The protective reef 1 for marine fishery growth is equipped with a sinker 2 at its lower part and a plurality of projected parts 3 for fixing a fishing net from the sinker 2 toward the outside. The recessed parts 3 for fixing a fishing net comprise bar-like projections 3a in a radial pattern. The protective reef 1 for marine fishery growth has the sinker 2 composed of a pillar-shaped block, semispherical block or conically shaped block. The bar-like projections 3 are made of steel. The protection and enhancement facility is provided by installing a large number of the protective reefs 1 for marine fishery growth on the bottom of the ocean. The method for protecting a marine fishery growth region comprises installing a large number of the protective reefs 1 for marine fishery growth on the bottom of the ocean. The method for protecting a marine fishery growth region comprises throwing protective reefs for marine fishery growth from over the ocean and installing them on the bottom of the ocean. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a protected reef for breeding marine fisheries, a protection and breeding facility for snow crab using the same, and a method for protecting a marine fishery breeding area.

  Conventionally, as a facility for marine marine products to be installed on the sea floor, a steel protection and breeding facility for crustaceans such as juvenile crabs that are installed on the sea floor by hanging a steel frame structure with an open bottom is known. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  In addition, sea urchins and algae breeding reefs with sloped algal reef roofs are installed on the bottom of the sea, and a protective protective concrete reef is installed around them. Sea urchins and algae breeding reefs are also known (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  In addition, a protective reef consisting of a plurality of concrete hollow three-dimensional blocks at intervals around the outside of a submarine ranch provided with an annular fence having a net extending from the side wall and having a return member for preventing snow crab climbing at the upper end of the side wall Is also known to be installed on the seabed (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

  In addition, there are artificial reefs that have been submerged on the seabed to provide a collective effect on the population of fish, a shade-shaped outer frame that covers this, and a artificial fish reef with a covering material that is provided with a covering material on the outer frame. Known (for example, see Patent Document 4)

  In addition, a steel bar is wound in a spiral shape to form a large-diameter spiral base material, and a small-diameter spiral base material is assembled inside the large-diameter spiral base material so that it is installed in an annular shape on the seabed, for example. Steel bar reefs are also known (see, for example, Patent Document 5).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1 of Patent Document 3, a cubic concrete block or a triangular pyramidal frame concrete block, for example, a cubic frame concrete block 7 as shown in FIG. A large number of spaces are installed at intervals to form a protected area protected by a large number of concrete blocks 7. When a rope or fish net of a bottom fence is caught on the concrete block 7, the concrete block 7 is moved by being pulled by the bottom fence. It is also known to use a snow crab protective reef with a concrete block 7 that is larger and heavier than a normal fish reef (for example, 13000 kg) in order to prevent the shoreline from lying down or lying down.

  Snow crab is a slow-growing crab that takes about 10 years from birth to parent crab. Overcaught or bycatch snow crab It is also known that the catch is decreasing due to the following problems of snow crab returned to the sea after sorting because it cannot be landed. For this reason, snow crab fishing is restricted in terms of the season in which it can be caught, the size that can be caught (fish size), and the amount that can be caught (capable amount).

  For example, among the above-caught snow crab, the snow crab that is caught in the bottom seine net after the end of the fishing season and after molting is very soft and thus has a problem of being crushed and killed.

In addition, even in the hard snow crab before molting, the snow crab is a living organism because it lives on the sea floor in a very cold environment of about 0 to 3 ° C throughout the year. It is also known that when the snow crab is pulled up by a bottom net, the damage is large because the temperature becomes as high as 15 ° C. to 20 ° C.
No. 7-46143 JP 2006-129756 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-207832 JP 2005-160344 A JP-A-9-65794

As mentioned above, the snow crab fishery using bottom nets is subject to various fishery regulations aimed at protecting resources, but such regulations alone are not necessarily sufficient to protect snow crab. Is also recognized.
Therefore, there is a demand for a protected reef that can surely prevent the operation of bottom nets in snow crab protected areas or operation prohibited areas. In addition, there is a need for a protected reef that can reliably prevent operations by bottom coral nets even in protected areas for seafood other than snow crab or in areas where operations are prohibited.

In addition, in any of the above-mentioned facilities for marine fishery products, the structure of the protection reef or fish reef is complicated, and it costs a lot of money to produce a protection reef per one. There is a problem that a large amount of money is required and the initial cost increases.
In addition, when a fish reef or a protective reef is installed on the seabed, a crane trolley or the like is used and the crane is suspended from the seabed by a crane.
As a measure against the netting of the fish net, there is a protection reef of the cubic frame-shaped concrete block or the triangular pyramid frame-shaped concrete block disclosed in Patent Document 3, or a concrete block having a weight of more than a dozen tons as shown in FIG. The protective reef is a form that protects the inner equipment by resisting the dead weight of the concrete block when a fish net is caught on the reef.
As described above, a protective reef for preventing shading, or as disclosed in Patent Documents 4 and 5, the shading is avoided as a fish reef, such as a form in which the upper part of the fish reef is avoided by being guided by the bottom coral net. Techniques for preventing are known. However, in either case, there is a problem that the deterrent effect on bottom net fishing or boat net fishing in the marine marine product protection breeding area or forbidden fishing area is small.
As mentioned above, technologies that actively prevent shading are known. However, the idea is changed, and active protection and reefs are actively screened and marine marine products are utilized. It is not known to increase the deterrent effect on bottom seine fishing or boat seine fishing in protected protection areas or forbidden fishing areas.

  The present invention advantageously solves the above-mentioned problems by changing the shipping as described above, can be manufactured at a low cost, does not need to be suspended from the bottom of the sea by a crane carrier, and does not need to be suspended and installed. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a protection reef for breeding marine fishery products, a protection and breeding facility for snow crab using the same, and a method for protecting marine fishery breeding areas, which have a great deterrent effect on net fishing.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem advantageously, the marine fisheries breeding protection reef according to the first aspect of the present invention is provided with a weight in the lower part, and a plurality of projections for catching fish nets are provided from the weight to the outside. It is characterized by.
Further, in the protection reef for marine fisheries propagation of the second invention, a weight is provided at the lower part, and a number of convex parts for locking fishnets that are radially formed from rod-shaped protrusions are provided upward from the weight. It is characterized by.
In the third invention, in the protective reef for marine and fishery breeding reefs of the first invention or the second invention, the weight is a block in the form of a columnar block, a semicircular block, or a conical block. In addition, a fishnet locking projection made of a rod-shaped protrusion is provided on the side surface and / or the upper surface of the block.
According to a fourth invention, in the protective reef for marine fish breeding reefs according to the second or third invention, the weight is made of concrete and the rod-shaped protrusion is made of steel.
In the snow crab protection and breeding facility of the fifth invention, a large number of protective reefs for marine fish breeding reefs according to any of the first to fourth inventions are installed on the seabed.
In the marine fishery breeding area protecting method according to the sixth aspect of the invention, the marine fishery breeding protection reef according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is installed on the seabed.
The seventh invention is characterized in that, in the marine fishery breeding area protection method of the sixth invention, a protective reef for marine fishery breeding is introduced from the sea and installed.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is a protective reef for breeding marine fisheries provided with a weight at the lower part, and a plurality of convex parts for fishnet locking from the weight to the outside, and further provided with a weight at the lower part. Since the structure is provided with fishnet locking projections from the weight to the outside, the structure of the protective reef is simple, easy to manufacture, and a protective reef that can be manufactured at low cost. Can do. In addition, when the mesh in the bottom coral net is caught by the convex part for locking the fish net of the protective reef, the fish net is damaged by the convex part, or the fish net is locked in the plural convex parts, and the bottom coral net is detached. Since it becomes difficult, the effect of deterring the operation prevention by the bottom fence is large.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is a protective reef for marine fishery breeding provided with a weight at the lower portion and a plurality of convex portions for fishnet locking from the weight to the outside, and further provided with a weight at the lower portion. Since the structure is provided with fishnet locking projections from the weight to the outside, the structure of the protective reef is simple, easy to manufacture, and a protective reef that can be manufactured at low cost. Can do. In addition, when the bottom coral net is caught on the fishnet locking projections formed by rod-shaped projections radially on the protective reef, the fishnet is locked on the fishnet locking projections formed by a number of radially provided rod-shaped projections. In addition, the fishnet is damaged or entangled by the rod-like projections, making it difficult to remove the bottom gill net, so that the effect of inhibiting the operation prohibition by the bottom gill net is greater.
According to the third invention, the weight is a block in the form of any one of a columnar block, a semicircular spherical block, and a conical block, and a fishnet locking convex made of a rod-shaped protrusion is formed on the side surface and / or the upper surface of the block. Since the center is provided, the center of gravity of the protective reef can be located at or near the bottom, and it can be installed on the seabed in a stable state even if it is thrown from the sea without hanging down to the seabed. Therefore, the installation and construction of the protective reef is easy and the effect of being able to be constructed at low cost is obtained.
According to the fourth invention, since the weight is made of concrete and the rod-shaped protrusion is made of steel, since it is a combination of a concrete weight and a steel protrusion, The effect which can be done is acquired.
According to the fifth invention, since a large number of protective reefs for marine fishery breeding reefs according to any one of the first to fourth inventions are installed on the seabed, construction is easy using an inexpensive protective reef with a simple configuration. It can be an inexpensive snow crab protection and breeding facility.
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, a marine fishery breeding area having a large operation deterring effect on the bottom seine net is surely secured by simply installing a large number of protective reefs for marine fishery breeding of any one of the first to fourth inventions on the seabed. It is possible to protect fish and shellfish from the bottom coral net, and to provide a protection reef for breeding marine fisheries easily and inexpensively on the seabed.
According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the marine fishery breeding area can be easily formed by simply introducing an inexpensive protective reef from the sea with the simple structure of the first to fourth aspects, and the construction cost can be reduced. Is obtained.

    Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiment.

  1 to 4 show a protective reef 1 for breeding marine fisheries according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which is provided with a concrete weight 2 at the bottom, and the concrete weight 2 is attached to the concrete weight 2. Are provided with a plurality of fishnet locking projections 3 projecting outward at intervals in the circumferential direction. The center of gravity is located on or near the longitudinal central axis of the protective reef 1 for breeding marine fisheries, and the center of gravity is set to a low position in or near the weight 2 so as not to be reversed when thrown from the sea. Has been.

The reason for providing the fishnet locking convex portion 3 is as follows.
(1) If a net such as a bottom net is caught by the convex part 3, it will become entangled, making it difficult to separate, making it difficult to fish with a net such as a bottom net, and ensuring a protected area, a breeding area or a prohibited area for marine fishery resources. Is provided to ensure.
(2) As described in (1) above, fishing by fishing nets is made difficult so as to increase the deterrent effect of fishing, and it is formed as a protective reef 1 for marine fishery breeding or using many of them. As a snow crab protection and breeding facility 5 (see FIG. 5) or as a method for protecting the marine fishery breeding area, it is provided in order to demonstrate the maximum effect.
(3) When the protective reef 1 having the convex portion 3 is introduced from the sea, the descent speed is slowed down in order to land the protective reef 1 for breeding marine fisheries on the seabed in a stable posture and at the time of descent in the sea. It is provided to act as a resistor such as a blade.

  The fishnet locking projection 3 is composed of a rod-shaped protrusion 3 a in the illustrated form, and the base end side of the long member 3 b constituting the rod-shaped protrusion 3 a is embedded and fixed in the concrete weight 2. The large number of fishnet locking projections 3 are shown in a radially arranged form, but other than the radial arranged form, a regular arranged form may be used. When the protective reef 1 for breeding marine fisheries is dropped and descended into the sea, it is desirable to increase the resistance because it can be resisted by the rod-shaped protrusion 3a opened like a feather and the descending speed can be reduced.

  The long member 3b is arranged upward from the circumferential side surface of the concrete weight 2 with an interval in the circumferential direction, or the long member 3b is spaced from the upper surface side of the concrete weight 2 in the circumferential direction. It may be based on a form arranged in an upward direction or a combination thereof. The long members 3b having different lengths may be arranged upward or outward such as laterally, or may be provided in a plurality of stages at intervals in the vertical direction on the peripheral side surface of the weight 2. In this case, a staggered arrangement may be used. In addition, on the upper surface side of the weight 2, the base end side of the hanging metal fitting 4 is embedded and fixed, and a long member 3b is provided around the periphery of the weight 2 in a circumferential direction with an interval therebetween. The length dimension of the long member 3b is appropriately set by design, and the long members 3b having different lengths may be provided in appropriate combination. As the arrangement interval of the long members 3b, for example, arranging them at equiangular intervals may facilitate the arrangement and simplify the configuration of the mold apparatus, but if the configuration of the mold apparatus is possible Random arrangement without regularity may be used.

As long member 3b which constitutes the above-mentioned convex part 3 or rod-shaped projection 3a, shape steel, such as equilateral or unequal side mountain-shaped steel, H-section steel, channel steel, bar steel, or various bar-shaped steel materials, is used as long member 3b. If used, the convex portion 3 or the rod-shaped protrusion 3a can be formed at low cost, which is preferable.
The long member 3b may be a straight shape steel by rolling, and may be a curved long steel material in some cases, but if a member with a low cold work cost is used. Good. The convex portions 3 projecting to one side and the other side of the weight 2 may be continuous or combined in the weight 2.

  In order to securely embed and fix the base end side of the long member 3b constituting the convex portion 3 or the rod-shaped protrusion 3a in the concrete weight 2, the base end side of the long member 3b is adhered to the concrete. Means for enhancing the locking effect may be provided. As means for enhancing the adhesion locking effect, the base end side of the long member 3b may be roughened, a hole, a concave portion or a convex portion may be provided on the base end side, or an anchor material may be provided.

When the weight 2 is a block in the form of a columnar block, a semicircular block having a circular surface as a lower surface, or a conical block having a circular surface as a lower surface, it is easy to manufacture and is attached to the bottom However, other forms are also possible. The planar form of the weight 2 may be a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, a quadrangle, or a polygon, and may be a columnar block having such a planar form. Further, the weight 2 may have a triangular pyramid shape, a quadrangular pyramid shape, or a polygonal pyramid shape.
As the material of the weight 2, it is preferable to use concrete, metal, or fiber-mixed concrete mixed with synthetic resin fibers and bury the base end side of the long member 3b.

For example, the protective reef 1 for marine fish breeding reef as described above has a cylindrical weight 2 having a diameter (D) of about 600 mm to 1000 mm and a height of about 600 mm to 1000 mm. The length of 3600 mm, or a long or shorter length member with a longer dimension is combined as appropriate, and the base end side is embedded and fixed to form the protruding portion 3 or the rod-shaped protrusion 3a protruding outward. To do.
In addition, using many such protective reefs 1 for marine fishery breeding reefs, starfish, fish that have fallen to the bottom of the sea, or sea bream, etc. are used as feed, and snow crab that does not reef and inhabit the bottom of the seabed When forming a protection and reef for the target, carry it to the installation point by a crane carrier, determine several reference points that will be the scope of the constructed fishing ground, and within that range, for example, from the crane carrier For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the sea crabs are protected in the front-rear direction and the lateral direction of about 2 km in the seabed 8 at a pitch interval of 50 m and installed on the seabed at a depth of 200 m to 300 m. What is necessary is just to create as the breeding facility 5.
When entering the sea, the crane 4 is connected to the tip of the crane boom (or arm) on the crane carrier by connecting the suspension bracket 4 in the protective reef 1 for the marine and fishery breeding reef to a crane that can be remotely operated. You may throw it in from a trolley. In addition, the lower part of the strip having an annular part at the upper part is connected to the hanging metal fitting 4, and the annular part is connected to the tip part of a multistage boom (or arm) that can be rotated in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction in the crane carrier. A letter-shaped locking hook (or claw) is provided, and using the letter-shaped locking hook (or claw), the annular portion is locked and lifted, and the letter-shaped locking hook (or claw) is lifted. You may make it drop the protection reef 1 for marine fisheries breeding reef by making it incline.
In addition to the snow crab protection and breeding facility 5 described above, the marine fish breeding reef 1 is introduced from a marine crane carrier to form a marine fish breeding reef area 6 in a predetermined area. It may be. In this case, for example, it may be introduced from the sea at intervals in the circumferential direction so as to surround one or a plurality of existing fish reefs installed on the seabed. Alternatively, in the case of fish and shellfish that inhabit the bottom of the seabed and have no reef characteristics, the arrangement may be similar to the protection and breeding facility 5 of the snow crab, and a plurality of protective reefs 1 for marine fishery breeding reefs are arranged close together But you can.

  In the snow crab protection and breeding facility 5 or the marine fisheries breeding reef area 6 formed as described above, when a fish net such as a bottom gill net is locked to the projection 3 for locking the fish net, it is difficult to remove the fish net. Therefore, there is a high possibility that the fish net will be damaged. Therefore, there is an effect that fishing can be surely suppressed or prevented by a bottom net or the like.

  When manufacturing the above-described protective reef 1 for marine fishery breeding reefs, for example, in the vicinity of a quay, a formwork device is assembled, and a long member 3b made of a shape steel is arranged, and concrete or fiber-mixed concrete is provided. Can be produced by removing the mold after curing and curing.

  The inclination angle of the long member 3b installed on the weight 2 may be set by design, for example, in a range close to the vertical state from the inclined state so as to stand slightly rather than the horizontal state. The groove side of the angle steel, H-shaped steel or grooved steel constituting the convex portion 3 or the rod-shaped protrusion 3a may be upward, lateral, or downward, but when the groove side is downward, The resistance when descending is large, and descent speed can be suppressed.

  The method for forming the snow crab protection and breeding facility 5 or the method for protecting the marine fishery breeding area by introducing the protective reef 1 for the marine fishery breeding reef as described above is inexpensive. Therefore, there is an advantage that construction is easy and can be performed at low cost because it is only required to be put on the sea and does not need to be suspended from the sea bottom. In addition to the snow crab breeding area, it can be used when creating or constructing marine fishery breeding areas for various seafood, and has the advantage that it can be constructed at low cost.

  In addition, the protection reef 1 for marine and fishery breeding reefs as in the above embodiment can be suppressed to half or less per block as compared with the case of the conventional concrete block 7 as shown in FIG. It is.

It is a perspective view which shows the protection reef for marine fisheries multiplication of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of FIG. FIG. 2 is a partially longitudinal front view of FIG. 1. . It is a top view of FIG. It is the top view which formed the protection area of the marine fishery breeding area by installing many protection reefs for marine fishery breeding of the present invention on the seabed at intervals in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. It is a perspective view which shows the conventional concrete hollow cubic block.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Protective reef for breeding marine fisheries 2 Weight 3 Protruding part 3a Rod-like projection 3b Long member 4 Lifting lock 5 Snow crab protection and breeding facility 6 Marine fishery breeding reef area 7 Concrete block 8 Sea bottom

Claims (7)

  A protective reef for marine fisheries breeding, comprising a weight at the bottom and a plurality of convex portions for fishnet locking from the weight to the outside.   A protective reef for breeding marine fisheries, characterized in that a weight is provided at the lower portion, and a plurality of convex portions for catching fishnets, which are radially formed from rod-shaped projections, are provided upward from the weight.   The weight is a block in the form of a columnar block, a hemispherical block, or a conical block, and a fishnet locking convex portion made of a rod-shaped protrusion is provided on the side surface and / or the upper surface of the block. The protective reef for marine fishery breeding reef according to claim 1 or 2, wherein   The protection reef for marine fishery breeding reef according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the weight is made of concrete and the rod-shaped protrusion is made of steel.   A protection and breeding facility for snow crab, wherein a large number of protective reefs for marine fishery breeding reefs according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are installed on the seabed.   A marine fishery breeding area protection method, comprising installing a number of marine fishery breeding protective reefs according to any one of claims 1 to 4 on the seabed.   The method for protecting a marine fishery breeding area according to claim 6, wherein a protective reef for marine fishery breeding is introduced from the sea and installed.

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