JP2008030577A - Hatch device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a piggyback type hatch device in a simpler constitution, in which a lifting device can lift arbitrary one of a pair of adjacent hatch covers to a high position, and the other hatch cover can be freely pull in thereunder. <P>SOLUTION: The hatch device comprises: a lifting arm 2 projecting on a side surface of the hatch cover 1; and a lifting device 9 for lifting the hatch cover 1 to the high position by abutting the lifting arm 2, wherein the lifting arm 2 is equipped with a fixed part 3 fixed on the side surface of the hatch cover 1, and a rotating part 5 which is supported by the fixed part 3 to freely rotate on a horizontal surface, and has a plurality of rotating arms 6 radially extending from the rotation center and supported by the lifting device 9. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a hatch device for a ship, and in particular, a piggy back type hatch device in which a plurality of hatch covers that slide in a horizontal direction on a common track are stacked up and down and moved to one side of the hatch opening to open the hatch. About.

  Piggyback-type hatch devices that open up a hatch by stacking up and down a plurality of hatch covers that slide horizontally on a common track are widely used in bulk cargo ships and the like. This piggyback type hatch device is equipped with a lifting device that lifts and lowers hydraulically on both sides of the hatch opening, and a lifting arm projects from both sides of the hatch cover, and the lifting device is pressed against the lower surface of the lifting arm. The cover is lifted and another hatch cover is pulled under it.

  Now, if a lifting arm is projected on both of the hatch covers that are stacked one above the other, when the other hatch cover is pulled under one of the hatch covers, the lifting arm of the hatch cover located below is connected to the lifting device. have a finger in the pie. Therefore, this problem can be solved by providing a lifting arm only on one hatch cover so that the hatch cover is always stacked on the other hatch cover. However, if you want to open the hatch opening corresponding to the fixed position of the hatch cover with the lifting arm, lift the hatch cover with the lifting arm at the fixed position and pull in the other hatch cover under the two. This requires a complicated operation of stacking the hatch covers and transferring the two stacked hatch covers to a fixed position of the other hatch cover, which requires a long time for the operation. Further, when there is unexpected rain during the cargo handling operation, the reverse operation is performed to close the hatch. However, since the closing operation takes time, there arises a problem that the load is greatly damaged by the rain.

  In order to solve these problems, a lifting device with an arm retracting mechanism is provided on the side of the hatch cover so that the arm can be retracted when the hatch cover is pulled under the other hatch cover. Has been proposed (Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of a ship showing the configuration of the hatch device described in Patent Document 1. As is clear from FIG. 9, a side combing 32 is erected on the side of a hatch opening (not shown) that opens in the upper deck 31 of the ship, and a hatch cover 34 is placed on the combing top 33 of the side combing 32. Has been. 34a shows the state in which the hatch cover 4 is in close contact with the combing top 33 (closed state), and 34b shows the hatch cover 4 being jacked up by the jack-up device 35 to run in the front-rear direction (direction perpendicular to the paper surface in the figure) 34c shows a state (high lift state) in which the hatch cover 34 is lifted to a high position by the lifting device 36.

  A lifting arm 37 projects from the side surface of the hatch cover 34, and a movable arm member 39 that is driven by an actuator 38 and protrudes from the tip of the lifting arm 37 is provided inside the lifting arm 37.

  The elevating device 36 is a hydraulic jack composed of a cylinder 40 fixed to the upper deck 31 and a rod 41 that is supported by the cylinder 40 so as to be movable in and out and is raised and lowered by hydraulic pressure. Further, the lifting device 36 is arranged so that a predetermined gap is provided between the rod 41 and the tip of the lifting arm 37.

  When the hatch cover 34 is pushed up by the lifting / lowering device 36 to enter the high lift state 34c, the actuator 38 is driven to project the movable arm member 39 from the tip of the lifting arm 37 and the tip of the rod 41 of the lifting / lowering device 36 is movable. It is brought into contact with the arm member 39. On the other hand, when the hatch cover 34 is in the closed state 34a or the traveling state 34b, since the movable arm member 39 is stored in the lifting arm 37, the hatch cover 34 and the lifting device 36 do not interfere with each other. Since it is comprised in this way, one hatch cover 34 can be lifted to the high lift state 34c by the raising / lowering apparatus 36, and the other hatch cover 34 can be drawn in the horizontal direction under it.

  In addition, the applicant of the present application proposes to provide a horizontal member extending toward the lifting arm 37 at the upper end of the rod 41 instead of providing the actuator 38 and the movable arm member 39 inside the lifting arm 37 (patent). Reference 2).

JP 2005-178457 A Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-086695

  Since the hatch device disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a movable arm member 39 that freely protrudes and retracts from the lifting arm 37, the other hatch cover 34 is retracted below the hatch cover 34 in the high lift state 34c. Interference with the lifting device 36 does not occur. Therefore, the hatch cover 34 can be stacked either on the top or bottom of another hatch cover.

  However, since the hatch device of Patent Document 1 needs to install the actuator 38 for driving the movable arm member 39 inside the lifting arm 37, the mechanism becomes complicated, and there is a problem that it takes time and labor for manufacturing and maintenance. In addition, problems such as increased cost and reduced reliability also occur.

  Further, as in the hatch device of Patent Document 2, if the weight of the rehatch cover 34 is supported by a horizontal member attached to the upper end of the rod 41, an uneven load is applied to the rod 41. There is a problem that the risk of failure such as uneven wear increases.

  The present invention has been made to solve these problems, and an arbitrary one of a set of hatch covers can be lifted to a high position by an elevating device, and the other hatch cover can be freely drawn underneath. A piggyback hatch device is realized with a simpler and more reliable mechanism.

  A first configuration of the hatch device according to the present invention includes a plurality of hatch covers that slide in a horizontal direction on a common track, and a lift mechanism that lifts the hatch cover away from the track to a high position. In the hatch device configured to draw in the other hatch cover below the hatch cover that is lifted to a high position by being separated from the track by the fixing member fixed to the side surface of the hatch cover, A swiveling member that is pivotally supported by a fixed member and freely swivels in a horizontal plane and that has a plurality of arm members that extend radially from the swiveling shaft and are supported by the lifting mechanism is provided.

  According to this configuration, since the swivel member freely swivels within the horizontal plane, when the lifting device hits the side surface of the arm member, the swiveling member turns to eliminate interference between the arm member and the lifting device. Therefore, the hatch cover can pass the side of the lifting device in the raised state by lifting the other hatch cover. Moreover, since the turning member is provided with a plurality of arm members radially, when the hatch cover passes the side of the lifting device, another arm member comes to a normal position (a position where the lifting device can be supported). Therefore, another hatch cover can be freely drawn under the hatch cover lifted to a high position.

  In the embodiment, an example is shown in which four arm members are arranged in a cross shape, but the present invention is not limited to this. A swiveling member with two, three, five or more arm members can be designed.

  Further, the hatch cover provided in the hatch device is not limited to two. Three or more hatch covers may be stacked up and down.

  According to a second configuration of the hatch device of the present invention, there is provided a turning angle fixing means for fixing a turning angle of the turning member to an angle at which a bottom surface of the arm member contacts the lifting mechanism in the first configuration. It is characterized by.

  According to this configuration, the turning angle fixing means fixes the turning angle of the turning member to an angle at which the bottom surface of the arm member abuts on the lifting mechanism. Therefore, while the lifting mechanism lifts the hatch cover, It is possible to prevent the arm member from being unexpectedly rotated and falling off the lifting mechanism.

  According to a third configuration of the hatching apparatus of the present invention, in the second configuration, the turning angle fixing means is provided with a recess provided in the fixing member and a protrusion provided on the turning member. It is characterized by being a convex part.

  According to this configuration, since the turning angle fixing means is constituted by the concave portion provided in the fixing member and the convex portion provided on the turning member and fitted with the concave portion, the turning angle fixing means is simply configured. Can be realized. In addition, since the configuration is simple, the possibility of failure and damage is reduced, and reliability is improved.

  According to a fourth configuration of the hatch device of the present invention, in the second configuration, the turning angle fixing means is pivotally supported by the turning member so that one end is in contact with the lifting mechanism, and the one end is raised. Then, the insulator is configured such that the other end is lowered, and a recess that is recessed in the fixing member and fits with the other end when the other end of the insulator is lowered.

  According to this configuration, the turning angle fixing means is pivotally supported by the turning member so that one end abuts the lifting mechanism, and the other end is lowered when the one end rises; Since the concave portion is provided in the fixing member and is fitted with the other end when the other end of the lever is lowered, when the lifting mechanism is separated from the lever, the other end of the lever and the concave portion of the fixing portion are fitted. The match is released.

  In the embodiment, an example is shown in which a spring is provided that biases the lever in a direction in which the engagement between the other end of the lever and the concave portion of the fixing portion is released when the lifting mechanism is separated from the lever. A spring is not always necessary. It is possible to omit the spring and design the lever to move in a direction to release the fitting by gravity when the lifting mechanism is separated from the lever.

  According to a fifth configuration of the hatch device of the present invention, in the first to fourth configurations, the arm member is symmetrical to the lower left and right corners in a cross-sectional shape cut by a plane orthogonal to the radius of the turning member. In addition to having a slope, it is provided with two sets of pressing means that are attached to the fixing member and press the left and right slopes of the arm member.

  According to this configuration, since the left and right corners of the arm member have symmetrical left and right slopes, and provided with two sets of pressing means that are attached to a fixing member and press the left and right slopes of the arm member, respectively. The arm member is guided so that the pressing force of the two sets of pressing means is balanced, that is, the center of the arm member is in the middle of the two sets of pressing means. For this reason, even if the arm member deviates from the normal position (right side with respect to the hatch cover, that is, the position where the bottom surface of the arm member correctly contacts the lifting device), it is guided to the normal position.

  A sixth configuration of the hatch device according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the first to fifth configurations, a recess is provided on the bottom surface of the arm member so as to be fitted to an end portion of the lifting mechanism.

  According to this configuration, since the recess that fits with the end of the lifting mechanism is provided on the bottom surface of the arm member, the end of the lifting mechanism is prevented from sliding with respect to the bottom surface of the arm member, Make the hatch cover more secure.

  According to a seventh configuration of the hatch device of the present invention, in the first to sixth configurations, the elevating mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder fixed to a deck, and a piston rod that is supported by the hydraulic cylinder so as to freely move up and down is provided. And a cylindrical protector that surrounds the periphery of the piston rod and that moves up and down with the piston rod.

  According to this configuration, since the cylindrical protector that surrounds the piston rod and moves up and down together with the piston rod is provided, the piston rod can be prevented from directly colliding with the arm member when the hatch cover is slid in the horizontal direction.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a piggyback-type hatch device that can lift an arbitrary hatch cover to a high position and draw another hatch cover thereunder. In addition, since the hatch device of the present invention does not require a complicated link mechanism or the like, a simple and highly reliable hatch device can be provided.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view of a hatch cover according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the hatch device including the hatch cover shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, four lifting arms 2 project from the side surface of the hatch cover 1. The lifting arm 2 includes a fixed portion 3 fixed to the side surface of the hatch cover 1 and a turning portion 5 that is pivotally supported by the fixed portion 3 and freely turns around the turning shaft 4. The planar shape of the swivel unit 5 is a cross shape in which the four swivel arms 6 extend radially from the swivel shaft 4.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the hatch cover 1 is placed on the hatch combing 7 and slides back and forth (in a direction perpendicular to the drawing sheet) on the hatch combing 7. Further, the hatch cover 1 is lifted up to a high position away from the hatch combing 7 by an elevating device 9 erected on the deck 8 outside the hatch combing 7. Further, another hatch cover 1a can be drawn under the lifted hatch cover 1b, and then the lifting device 9 can be lowered to stack the hatch cover 1b on the hatch cover 1a.

  The lifting and lowering device 9 includes a hydraulic cylinder 10 fixed to the deck 8, a piston rod 11 that is supported by the hydraulic cylinder 10 so as to freely move up and down, and a piston rod 11 that is freely moved up and down. It is comprised from the bearing metal 12 which contact | abuts.

  Now, since the turning part 5 of the lifting arm 2 freely turns around the turning axis 4, the turning angle of the turning part 5 can be arbitrarily selected. When any one of the four swivel arms 6 as shown by symbol A in FIG. 1 is at an angle (hereinafter referred to as angle A) facing the front side, the swivel arm 6 supports the lifting device 9. Since it is located immediately above the hardware 12, when the piston rod 11 is raised, the support hardware 12 contacts the revolving arm 6. On the other hand, when the piston rod 11 is lifted when the angle turned 45 ° from the angle A as shown by the symbol B in FIG. It penetrates between the swivel arms 6.

  Now, since the turning part 5 of the lifting arm 2 of the hatch cover 1b is at the position of the angle A and the support metal 12 of the lifting device 9 contacts the lower surface of the turning arm 6, the hatch cover 1b is lifted up by the lifting device 9. Is done. When the hatch cover 1b is lifted up and the hatch cover 1a is pulled under the hatch cover 1b, the piston rod 11 of the lifting device 9 pushes the side surface of the swivel arm 6 of the lifting arm 2 of the hatch cover 1b. Since the swivel part 5 of the lifting arm 2 of 1b is swung to the angle B, the piston rod 11 of the lifting device 9 does not interfere with the lifting arm 2 of the hatch cover 1b.

  1 and 2 are diagrams for explaining the concept of the lifting arm 2 and the like, and the detailed structure and the like are not shown. Further, the contact surface of the fixed portion 3 and the turning shaft 4 is lubricated with grease or the like so that the turning portion 5 can turn with an appropriate torque, but an illustration of a device for that purpose is also omitted.

  Next, the function of the lifting arm 2 will be further described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the movement of the lifting arm 2 in time series when the hatch cover 1 is moved horizontally on the hatch combing 7. Hereinafter, the movement of the lifting arm 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3E in order.

  FIG. 3A shows a state where the hatch cover 1 is in a fixed position. The hatch cover 1 is located at the left end of the hatch combing 7 and the left half of the hatch (the left half is equivalent to the half of the stern side because the hull tail line direction is taken in the horizontal direction of the figure. The “head / stern” is cumbersome, so “left / right” is displayed). Although not shown, there is another hatch cover that is paired with the hatch cover 1 in the right half of the hatch, and is lifted up by the lifting devices 9c and 9d.

  In addition to the lifting devices 9c and 9d on both sides of the hatch combing 7, there are lifting devices 9a and 9b that lift the hatch cover 1 in place, but in FIG. 3 (A), they are directly below the lifting arm 2. It ’s hidden.

  In FIG. 3B, the hatch cover 1 moves to the right, and the side surface of the swing arm 6 of the right lifting arm 2 moves up and down 9c (the piston rod 11 is lifted to lift the other hatch cover up). This shows a state of contacting the piston rod 11.

  When the hatch cover 1 moves further to the right, the turning arm 6 of the right lifting arm 2 is pushed to the position of the angle B by being pushed by the lifting device 9c as shown in FIG. When the hatch cover 1 moves further to the right from the position shown in FIG. 3C and the right lifting arm 2 reaches the right side of the lifting device 9c, the swivel arm 6 of the right lifting arm 2 further swivels. Then, the position again comes to the position of the angle A (the relationship between the swivel arm 6 and the piston rod 11 is quick to understand if it is similar to the relationship between the revolving door and the human passing through the revolving door).

  In FIG. 3D, the hatch cover 1 moves further to the right, the side surface of the swing arm 6 of the right lifting arm 2 contacts the lifting device 9d, and the side surface of the swing arm 6 of the left lifting arm 2 moves up and down. The state which contact | abutted to the apparatus 9c is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 3E, when the hatch cover 1 reaches the right end of the hatch, that is, directly below the other hatch cover lifted up by the lifting devices 9c and 9d, the swivel arm 6 of the right lifting arm 2 is The swing arm 6 of the left lifting arm 2 is pushed by the lift device 9c and is swung to the position of the angle B by the lift device 9d.

  In the state shown in FIG. 3 (E), since the swing arms 6 of the four lifting arms 2 of the hatch cover 1 are all at the position of the angle B, the elevating devices 9c and 9d interfere with the lifting arm 2 of the hatch cover 1. The other hatch cover that has been lifted up can be lowered onto the hatch cover 1.

  When the right half of the hatch is opened after loading in the state shown in FIG. 3E, the left hatch is moved to the left end of the hatch while the other hatch cover is stacked on the hatch cover 1. There is a case to let you. In such a case, when there is unexpected rain and it is desired to tentatively close the hatch, the other hatch cover is lifted up at the left end of the hatch using the lifting devices 9a and 9b, and the hatch cover 1 is moved to the right end of the hatch. To the right side of the hatch and temporarily close the other hatch cover onto the hatch combing 7 to temporarily close the left half of the hatch, that is, in case of an emergency, change the position of the two hatch covers and temporarily close the hatch. can do. As a result, the time required to close the hatch can be shortened and damage caused by rain can be reduced.

  Next, the details of the structure of the lifting arm 2 will be described. 4A and 4B are external views of the lifting arm 2. FIG. 4A is a plan view, FIG. 4B is a side view, and FIG. 4C is cut along the aa ′ line in FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the fixing portion 3 of the lifting arm 2 includes a lower base 3a and an upper base 3b, and the turning portion 5 is pivotally supported by the lower base 3a and the upper base 3b. In addition, two stoppers 13 are provided on the lower base 3a.

  The stopper 13 includes a pressing element 14 protruding upward from a recess opened in the lower base 3a, a spring 15 for urging the pressing element 14 toward the turning arm 6, and a roller 16 attached to the tip of the pressing element 14. It is configured.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4C, since the lower part of the cross-sectional shape of the swivel arm 6 is provided with a right and left inclined surface, the swivel arm 6 has a position where the pressing forces of the two stoppers 13 are balanced, That is, the center of the cross-sectional shape of the swivel arm 6 is guided so as to be positioned between the two stoppers 13. For this reason, when the turning arm 6 is slightly deviated from the state of facing the front side, the turning arm 6 is guided to face the front side.

  FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a second example of the lifting arm 2. FIG. 5 (A) shows a state in which the lifting device 9 is separated from the lifting arm 2, and FIG. 5 (B) shows the lifting device 9 in the lifting arm. The state where 2 is lifted is shown. Since the upper base 3b of the lifting arm 2 is provided with a recess 17 and the swivel portion 5 is provided with a projection 18 corresponding to the recess 17, the lifting device 9 can be moved as shown in FIG. When the lifting arm 2 is lifted, the protrusion 18 is fitted into the recess 17 to restrict the rotation of the turning portion 5.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a third example of the lifting arm 2. A lever 20 that rotates about the rotation shaft 19 is pivotally supported inside the swing arm 6, and the piston rod 11 of the lifting device 9 is When one end is pressed, the other end of the insulator 20 is engaged with the recess 21 provided in the lower base 3a to restrict the rotation of the turning portion 5. The spring 22 is a compression spring that spans between the lever 20 and the swing arm 6. When the piston rod 11 of the lifting device 9 is separated from the swing arm 6, the spring 22 pushes down one end of the lever 20, The other end of 20 and the recess 21 are disengaged.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth example of the lifting arm 2. A recess 23 is provided on the lower surface of the swivel arm 6 to fit the support portion 12 so that the piston rod 11 does not come off the swivel arm 6. A regulated example is shown.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the lifting device 9 provided with the protector 24. FIG. 8A shows a state in which the lifting device 9 is extended to the maximum height, and FIG. 8B shows a state in which the lifting device 9 is contracted to the minimum height. FIG. 8C is a plan view showing the relationship between the lifting device 9 and the lifting arm 2. The protector 24 is a steel cylinder suspended from the support metal 12 on the suspension wire 25. As shown in FIG. 8A, when the piston rod 11 is raised, the protector 24 is raised to a predetermined height. When the piston rod 11 is lowered, the protector 24 is also lowered and placed on the flange 26 provided at the lower portion of the cylinder 10 as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 8C, when the lifting arm 2 passes by the side of the lifting device 9, the protector 24 pushes the turning arm 6 to turn the turning arm 6. Thus, the protector 24 prevents the swivel arm 6 and the piston rod 11 from contacting each other and protects the piston rod 11.

It is a top view of the hatch cover concerning the example of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of a hatch apparatus provided with the hatch cover shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows a lifting arm movement at the time of moving a hatch cover horizontally on hatch combing in time series. It is an external view of a lifting arm. It is sectional drawing which shows the 2nd example of a lifting arm. It is sectional drawing which shows the 3rd example of a lifting arm. It is sectional drawing which shows the 4th example of a lifting arm. It is a figure which shows the example of an raising / lowering apparatus. It is a partial cross-sectional view of the ship which shows the example of a prior art.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hatch cover 2 Lifting arm 3 Fixed part 4 Rotating shaft 5 Rotating part 6 Rotating arm 7 Hatch combing 8 Deck 9 Lifting device 10 Hydraulic cylinder 11 Piston rod 12 Bearing 13 Stopper 14 Presser 15 Spring 16 Roller 17 Recess 18 Protrusion 19 Rotation Shaft 20 Insulator 21 Recess 22 Spring 23 Recess 24 Protector 25 Suspension wire 26 Hook 31 Upper deck 32 Side combing 33 Combing top 34 Hatch cover 35 Jackup device 36 Lifting device 37 Lifting arm 38 Actuator 39 Movable arm member 40 Cylinder 41 Rod

Claims (7)

A plurality of hatch covers that slide horizontally on a common track,
An elevating mechanism for lifting the hatch cover away from the track to a high position;
In the hatch device configured to draw the other hatch cover below the one hatch cover that is lifted to a high position by being separated from the track by the lifting mechanism,
A fixing member fixed to a side surface of the hatch cover;
A hatch device comprising: a pivot member pivotally supported by the fixing member and freely pivoting in a horizontal plane, and having a plurality of arm members extending radially from the pivot shaft and supported by the lifting mechanism. .   The hatch apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a turning angle fixing means for fixing a turning angle of the turning member to an angle at which a bottom surface of the arm member contacts the lifting mechanism. The turning angle fixing means includes
A recess recessed in the fixing member;
The hatch device according to claim 2, wherein the hatch device is a convex portion provided on the swivel member and fitted with the concave portion. The turning angle fixing means includes
An insulator that is pivotally supported by the swivel member so that one end abuts the lifting mechanism, and that the other end descends when the one end abuts the lifting mechanism and rises;
The hatch device according to claim 2, wherein the hatch device is a recess that is recessed in the fixing member and fits into the other end when the other end of the insulator descends. The arm member has a left-right symmetrical slope at the lower left and right corners in a cross-sectional shape cut by a plane perpendicular to the radius of the turning member,
The hatch apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising two sets of pressing means that are attached to the fixing member and respectively press the left and right slopes of the arm member.   The hatch apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a recess that fits with an end of the lifting mechanism on a bottom surface of the arm member. The lifting mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder fixed to the deck,
A piston rod that is supported by the hydraulic cylinder so as to freely move up and down; and
The hatch apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a cylindrical protector that surrounds the periphery of the piston rod and that moves up and down together with the piston rod.

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