JP2008008427A - Hydraulic power unit - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydraulic power unit where a valve mechanism opening/closing a bypass passage can smoothly execute opening/closing operation. <P>SOLUTION: In this hydraulic power unit 1, a seal member 96 formed of fluorine-based rubber or a fluororesin is fixed to a contact surface of a valve element 90 constituting the valve mechanism 9 to a barrier plate 219. Minute irregularity is formed on a surface of the seal member 96, and a surface of the barrier plate 219 contacting the seal member 96 is formed with a smooth surface. By composing such a structure, the valve element 90 is prevented from being fixed to the barrier plate 219 when the valve mechanism 9 is brought into an open state from a close state. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generation apparatus that generates power using tap water or the like.

  An automatic water faucet device configured to automatically flow water from a faucet when a sensor senses the hand when the hand is placed below the faucet is becoming widespread. In addition, a small hydroelectric generator is installed in the middle of the tap water flow path, and an apparatus for storing electric power obtained by the hydroelectric generator and supplying the electric power to a sensor circuit of an automatic water faucet has been devised. ing.

  In such a hydroelectric generator, when the amount of water supplied to the turbine chamber increases, the rotation speed of the power generation turbine becomes too high, and rattling and noise are generated. There is a problem such as. Moreover, the output voltage from the hydroelectric generator may exceed the standard upper limit value. Therefore, a first flow path for power generation provided with a water turbine chamber in which a water turbine for power generation is disposed, and a second flow path for bypass configured in parallel to the water turbine room are configured by a valve mechanism. It has been proposed to switch the second flow path from the closed state to the open state when the fluid pressure increases (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

For example, as shown in FIG. 11, such a valve mechanism includes a partition wall 219 ″ having an opening 38 ″ constituting a second flow path for bypass, and a valve body for opening and closing the opening 38 ″. 90 ″, and a shaft portion 97 ″ that supports the valve body 90 ″ so as to be displaceable in a direction approaching and separating from the partition wall 219 ″ by being fitted to a hole 98 ″ formed in the valve body 90 ″ on the tip side. It can be constituted by a coil spring 95 ″ that urges the valve body in the direction of closing the opening 38 ″ against the fluid pressure. Further, a sealing member is provided on the contact surface of the valve body 90 ″ with the partition wall 219 ″. A configuration is also proposed.
JP 2003-129930 A

  However, in the valve mechanism as shown in FIG. 11, if the seal member provided on the valve body 90 ″ is inappropriate, the valve body 90 ″ is fixed to the partition wall 219 ″ via the seal member, and the water pressure is predetermined. Even if the level is exceeded, there is a problem that the smooth opening operation of the valve mechanism is hindered, for example, the valve body 90 ″ is not displaced. Further, if the seal member is fixed to the partition wall 219 ″, the seal member itself may be broken when the valve mechanism is changed from the closed state to the open state.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic power generation apparatus in which a valve mechanism that opens and closes a bypass flow path can smoothly open.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, in the present invention, a first flow path for power generation including a water turbine chamber in which a water turbine for power generation is arranged, and a second bypass channel configured in parallel to the water turbine chamber. And a valve mechanism that switches the second flow path from a closed state to an open state when the fluid pressure rises, the valve mechanism constitutes the second flow path. A partition provided with an opening, a valve body for opening and closing the opening, a support mechanism for supporting the valve body so as to be displaceable in a direction approaching and separating from the partition, and against the fluid pressure A biasing member that biases the valve body in a direction to close the opening, and at least one of a contact surface of the valve body with the partition wall and a contact surface of the partition wall with the valve body The contact surface is made of fluorine rubber or fluorine resin.

  In the present invention, the contact surface between the valve body and the partition wall is made of a fluorine-based rubber or a fluorine-based resin, which has a lower sticking property than other materials. Therefore, when the valve body is in contact with the partition wall and the opening is closed, the fluid pressure rises to a predetermined level, and when the valve body is separated from the partition wall and attempts to open the opening, the valve body It is possible to avoid a situation in which the opening does not open due to being fixed to the partition wall. Therefore, when a predetermined fluid pressure is reached, the fluid can be guided to the second flow path for bypass, so that the fluid is not supplied to the water turbine chamber at a high pressure. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of rattling and noise due to the rotational speed of the power generation water turbine being excessively high, and avoid problems such as wear of bearings for the power generation water turbine. it can. Moreover, it can prevent that the output voltage from a hydroelectric generator exceeds a specification upper limit.

  In the present invention, of the contact surface of the valve body with the partition wall and the contact surface of the partition wall with the valve body, the contact surface made of the fluorine rubber or the fluorine resin is a surface. It is preferable that it is comprised with the elastic body to which the fine unevenness | corrugation is provided. If comprised in this way, it can prevent more reliably that the contact surfaces of a valve body and a partition will adhere. Therefore, when the fluid pressure rises to a predetermined level, the fluid can be reliably guided to the second flow path for bypass.

  In the present invention, any one of the contact surface of the valve body with the partition wall and the contact surface of the partition wall with the valve body is made of the fluorine rubber or the fluorine resin. The other contact surface is preferably a smooth surface. If comprised in this way, since adhesion | attachment can be prevented by one contact surface, a liquid leak can be prevented by comprising the other surface by a smooth surface.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, a first flow path for power generation provided with a water turbine chamber in which a water turbine for power generation is disposed, and a second flow path for bypass configured in parallel to the water turbine chamber; And a valve mechanism that switches the second flow path from the closed state to the open state when the fluid pressure rises, the valve mechanism includes an opening that forms the second flow path. A partition wall, a valve body for opening and closing the opening, a support mechanism for supporting the valve body so as to be displaceable in a direction approaching and separating from the partition, and closing the opening against fluid pressure An urging member that urges the valve body in a direction to move, and one of the contact surfaces of the valve body with the partition wall and the contact surface of the partition wall with the valve body is It is characterized by comprising an elastic body having fine irregularities on its surface.

  In the present invention, since minute irregularities are formed on the contact surface between the valve body and the partition wall, the fluid pressure rises to a predetermined level with the valve body contacting the partition wall and closing the opening. When the valve body is separated from the partition wall and tries to open the opening, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the valve body is fixed to the partition wall and the opening is not opened. Therefore, when a predetermined fluid pressure is reached, the fluid can be guided to the second flow path for bypass, so that the fluid is not supplied to the water turbine chamber at a high pressure. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of rattling and noise due to the rotational speed of the power generation water turbine being excessively high, and avoid problems such as wear of bearings for the power generation water turbine. it can. Moreover, it can prevent that the output voltage from a hydroelectric generator exceeds a specification upper limit.

  In the present invention, any one of the contact surface of the valve body with the partition wall and the contact surface of the partition wall with the valve body is constituted by the elastic body, and the other contact surface. The surface is preferably a smooth surface. If comprised in this way, since adhesion | attachment can be prevented by one contact surface, a liquid leak can be prevented by comprising the other surface by a smooth surface.

  In the present invention, the fine unevenness is formed, for example, in a satin shape, a mesh shape, or a concentric shape.

  In the present invention, the one contact surface is a contact surface with the partition wall of the valve body, and the contact surface is formed of a seal member formed of a separate member from the valve body body of the valve body. In this case, it is preferable that the seal member covers the valve portion facing the partition wall and the outer peripheral surface of the valve portion in the valve body main body.

  In the present invention, the support mechanism includes a shaft portion formed on one side of the valve body and the partition wall, and a bearing portion that supports the shaft portion on the other side. Alternatively, the bearing portion is held inside the opening by a connecting portion extending inward from the inner peripheral surface of the opening, and the connecting portion is a surface of a contact surface of the partition wall with the valve body. It is effective when it is applied to a part of it. That is, if there is a contact surface with the valve body inside the opening, the contact area between the valve body and the partition wall is increased accordingly, and the valve body and the partition wall are likely to be fixed. In the present invention, even when such a configuration is adopted, it is possible to reliably prevent the valve body and the partition wall from sticking to each other.

  In the present invention, since the contact surface between the valve body and the partition wall constituting the valve mechanism is difficult to be fixed, the fluid pressure reaches a predetermined level with the valve body contacting the partition wall and closing the opening. When it rises, the valve body is surely separated from the partition wall to open the opening, so that the fluid can be guided to the second flow path for bypass when a predetermined fluid pressure is reached. Therefore, since the fluid is not supplied to the water turbine chamber at a high pressure, the rotation speed of the power generation water turbine is prevented from becoming too high, and rattling and noise can be prevented. Problems such as wearing out can be avoided.

  Hereinafter, a hydroelectric generator to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to the drawings.

(overall structure)
1A and 1B are a plan view and a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of a hydroelectric power generation apparatus to which the present invention is applied. In FIG. 1, the line AA ′ does not pass through the formation position of the injection port, but the injection port is also illustrated in the left part of FIG.

  A hydroelectric generator 1 shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) is a small hydroelectric generator arranged at a midway position in the flow path of tap water, and stores electric power obtained by the hydroelectric generator 1. It is used for the purpose of supplying this power to a sensor circuit of an automatic faucet device. The hydroelectric generator 1 of the present embodiment includes a resin-made main body case 21 constituting a flow path to be described later, a cover 23 that covers the upper surface of the main body case 21, a stainless cup-shaped partition plate 25 that covers the cover 23, An annular case 27 sandwiching the stator portion 6 between the flange portion of the partition plate 25 and a resin upper case 29 covering the annular case 27 are provided. The upper case 29 and the partition plate 25 are screwed. Is fixed to the main body case 21. An EPDM seal 281 is stacked on the bottom surface of the main body case 21, and a rubber O-ring 282 is disposed between the partition plate 25 and the main body case 21.

  The main body case 21 includes a fluid inlet 31 and a fluid outlet 32 that open on opposite side surfaces. The main body case 21 and the main body case 21 are located in the middle of the first flow path 110 from the fluid inlet 31 to the fluid outlet 32. The cover 23 constitutes a water injection section described later, and a water turbine chamber 35 is formed between the main body case 21 and the partition plate 25. In the water turbine chamber 35, the lower end and the upper end are respectively upright with the support shaft 4 press-fitted and fixed in the shaft fixing holes of the main body case 21 and the partition plate 25, and the support shaft 4 has a cylindrical power generation water turbine. 5 is rotatably supported. A resin sleeve 45 is fitted to the support shaft 4, and the power generation water turbine 5 is supported by the upper half of the support shaft 4 exposed from the sleeve 45. The power generation water turbine 5 is prevented from being displaced in the vertical direction by a washer or the like attached to the support shaft 4.

  A cylindrical permanent magnet 55 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the upper half portion of the power generation water turbine 5 located in the cylindrical portion 251 of the partition plate 25. In addition, annular stator sets 61 and 62 are disposed around the cylindrical portion 251 of the partition plate 25, and a power generation unit is configured by the permanent magnet 55 and the stator unit 6.

  The stator portion 6 is composed of two-phase stator sets 61 and 62 that are arranged so as to overlap in the axial direction. Each of the two stator sets 61 and 62 has a structure in which an outer stator core, a coil wound around a coil bobbin, and an inner stator core are stacked, and pole teeth of the outer stator core are arranged along the inner circumference of the coil bobbin. And the pole teeth of the inner stator core are arranged alternately. Further, the winding start portion and winding end portion of the coil are connected to the connector 69 via the terminal 67 and the wire 68 of the terminal block 66. The upper case 29 is formed with a hood portion 291 that covers the terminal block 66, and has a structure that prevents water from entering the stator portion 6.

  Further, in the hydroelectric generator 1 of the present embodiment, the second flow path 120 for bypassing the water flowing in from the fluid inlet 31 toward the fluid outlet 32 without passing through the water turbine chamber 35 is formed. A valve mechanism 9 described later with reference to FIG.

(Composition of water injection part)
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a configuration of a main body case used in the hydroelectric generator shown in FIG. FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C are a plan view, a front view, and a bottom view, respectively, showing the configuration of the cover used in the hydroelectric generator shown in FIG. 4A, 4B, and 4C are a plan view, a front view, and a bottom view, respectively, showing a configuration of another cover that can be used in the hydroelectric generator shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the hydroelectric generator 1 of the present embodiment, a partition wall 219 is erected in the main body case 21 so as to face the fluid inlet 31. An annular flow path 33 is formed in the upper part. Here, the annular flow path 33 has a bottom surface, an inner circumferential surface, an outer circumferential surface, and an upper surface, respectively, an annular partition wall 211 of the main body case 21, an annular inner vertical wall 212 of the main body case 21, and an annular shape of the main body case 21. It is defined by the outer vertical wall 213 and the cover 23 shown in FIG. The inner vertical wall 212 has notches for forming the injection ports 34 at four locations in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, an inclined surface 330 (shaded portion in FIG. 2) is formed in a part of the annular flow path 33.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3 </ b> B, and 3 </ b> C, the cover 23 has a ring shape, and the main body case 21 shown in FIG. 2 in the lower surface of the ring portion 230 of the cover 23. Ribs 231 (protrusions) that adjust the opening area of each of the injection ports 34 are formed in portions corresponding to the four injection ports 34. Moreover, the protrusion dimension is adjusted by providing the taper 231a in the rib 231. Accordingly, when the cover 23 is put on the upper surface of the main body case 21, four injection ports 34 that jet water at high speed from the annular flow path 33 toward the blades 57 of the power generation water turbine 5 are configured.

  In addition, you may use the cover 23 'of a structure which does not form a rib in the ring part 230 as shown in FIG. In this way, the amount of water injected from the injection port 34 can be adjusted by replacing the cover having a different rib shape according to the application.

(Configuration of water turbine 5 for power generation)
5 (a), (b), and (c) are perspective views of the power generation turbine used in the hydroelectric generator shown in FIG. 1 when viewed from the first radial bearing side. It is the top view when seen from the radial bearing side, and BB 'sectional drawing.

  As shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C, in the hydroelectric generator 1 of the present embodiment, the power generation water turbine 5 is a cylindrical body in which a plurality of blades 57 project from the outer peripheral surface at equal angular intervals. 50, a cylindrical first radial bearing 51 located at one end of the through hole 501 of the cylindrical body 50 (a lower side where the main body case 21 is located), and the other end of the through hole 501 (partition And a cylindrical second radial bearing 52 positioned on the upper side where the cylindrical portion 251 of the plate 25 is located, and the shaft hole 510 of the first radial bearing 51 and the shaft of the second radial bearing 52. The power generation water turbine 5 is rotatably supported around the support shaft 4 by fitting the support shaft 4 shown in FIG. The cylindrical body 50 has a large diameter at the lower end where the blades 57 are formed, and a small diameter at the upper half, and a cylindrical permanent magnet 55 is fixed to the small diameter portion.

  In this embodiment, the power generation water turbine 5 includes a plurality of blades 57 each having a first blade 571 positioned on the second radial bearing 52 side in the axial direction and a second blade positioned on the first radial bearing 51 side. The outer peripheral end of the second blade 572 is connected by a cylindrical plate portion 58 that is parallel to the axial direction of the cylindrical body 50. Here, the outer end surface of the cylindrical plate portion 58 is located at the same radial distance as the outer peripheral end of the first blade 571.

  As shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C, for the power generation water turbine 5 configured in this way, four injection ports 34 are formed at equal angular intervals around the power generation water turbine 5. The four injection ports 34 are open in a direction straddling both the first blade 571 and the cylindrical plate portion 58, and as shown by arrows L1 and L2 in FIG. Each of the outlets 34 is configured to inject water across the first blade 571 and the cylindrical plate portion 58. That is, a part of the water ejected from the ejection port 34 directly collides with the first blade 571 as indicated by the arrow L1, while the remaining water ejected from the ejection port 34 remains on the cylindrical plate portion 58. It hits the outer surface. Here, the number of injection ports 34 formed in the water injection section and the number of blades 57 are in a prime relationship, and a condition that one is an integral multiple of the other is avoided. For example, in this embodiment, the number of the ejection ports 34 is four, while the number of the blades 57 is seven.

(Power generation operation)
In the hydroelectric generator 1 configured as described above, the water flowing in from the fluid inlet 31 collides with the partition wall and flows into the upper annular flow path 33, and then from the four outlets 34 toward the blades 57 of the power generation turbine 5. And injected. As a result, the power generation water turbine 5 rotates, and accordingly, the permanent magnet 55 also rotates, so that an induced voltage is generated in the coil of the stator portion 6. The water that has finished turning the power generation water turbine 5 falls downward and is discharged therefrom through the fluid outlet 32. The induced voltage generated in the stator unit 6 is guided to an external circuit via the connector 69, converted into direct current by this circuit, and then rectified and charged to the battery.

(Configuration of second flow path for bypass and valve mechanism 9)
6 (a) and 6 (b) are enlarged views showing the configuration of the valve mechanism 9 shown in FIG. 1 (b) and explanatory views when the partition 219 is viewed from the fluid inlet side in FIG. 6 (a). is there.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6 (a), in the hydroelectric generator 1 in this embodiment, the second flow for bypassing the water flowing in from the fluid inlet 31 toward the fluid outlet 32 without passing through the turbine chamber 35. A path 120 is formed. That is, the partition wall 219 facing the fluid inlet 31 is formed with a recess 219a that is recessed toward the fluid outlet 32. The bottom of the recess 219a is aligned in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. 6B. The four openings 38 are formed so that the fluid inlet 31 and the fluid outlet 32 can communicate with each other.

  Further, the valve mechanism 9 is configured for the opening 38. The valve mechanism 9 closes the opening 38 (second flow path) when the fluid pressure is low, and the fluid pressure increases. The opening 38 (second flow path) is switched from the closed state to the open state.

  In constructing such a valve mechanism 9, in this embodiment, the partition wall 219 has a cylindrical shape protruding from the bottom of the recess 219a toward the fluid inlet 31 side on the upstream surface of the second flow path 120. A cylindrical portion 217 (bearing portion) is formed, and four openings 38 are arranged around the cylindrical portion 217. In addition, the valve mechanism 9 includes a valve body 90, and the valve body 90 includes a valve portion 901 that overlaps the back surface side of the partition wall 219 (downstream side of the second flow path 120 / fluid outlet 32 side), A round bar-like shaft portion 902 protruding from the center of the portion 901 toward the fluid inlet 31, and the shaft portion 902 passes through the cylindrical portion 217. In this way, in the valve mechanism 9, the shaft portion 902 and the cylindrical portion 217 constitute a support mechanism 99 for the valve body 90.

  Here, the cylindrical portion 217 is located at the center of the four openings 38, and the cylindrical portion 217 is held by four connecting portions 215 extending from the inner peripheral surface of the opening 38 toward the cylindrical portion 217, The structure is connected to the partition wall 219. Therefore, the back surface side of the four connecting portions 215 constitutes a contact surface with the valve body 90 together with the back surface side of the partition wall 219 around the opening 38.

  In this embodiment, the valve body 90 includes a valve body main body 90 ′ including a valve portion 901 and a shaft portion 902, and a seal member 96 that forms a contact surface with the partition wall 219. Here, the seal member 96 has a bottomed cylindrical shape, and includes a bottom portion 961 that covers the front end surface of the valve portion 901 and a trunk portion 962 that covers the side surface of the valve portion 901.

  In this embodiment, the seal member 96 is made of a fluorine rubber such as vinylidene fluoride rubber (KFM), tetrafluoroethylene-propylene rubber (FEPM), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluorovinyl ether rubber (FFKM), or the like. Examples of the fixing method for the valve portion 901 include a method using an adhesive and a method using outsert molding. Further, the surface of the seal member 96 is provided with fine irregularities, and such irregularities can be easily formed by blasting the seal member 96 or by providing fine irregularities on the mold for molding the seal member 96. Can be formed. Moreover, the fine unevenness | corrugation attached | subjected to the sealing member 96 is formed in forms, such as a satin shape, a mesh shape, or a concentric circle shape. On the other hand, on the side of the partition wall 219, the surface in contact with the seal member 96 is a smooth surface.

  In the valve body 90, a projection 903 having a smaller diameter than the proximal end is formed at the distal end portion of the shaft portion 902, and a washer 92 is fixed to a step portion 905 formed by the projection 903 by a push nut 91. Has been. A coil spring 95 is mounted around the shaft portion 902. The coil spring 95 is in a compressed state with both ends supported by the washer 92 and the portion of the partition wall 219 around the cylindrical portion 217.

(Evaluation results such as the relationship between the flow rate and the rotation speed of the power generation turbine)
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the flow rate in the hydroelectric generator shown in FIG. 1 and the rotational speed of the power generation water turbine. FIG. 8 is a graph showing a comparison of the relationship between the flow rate and the rotational speed of the water turbine for power generation when sticking occurs between the valve body and the partition wall and when sticking does not occur in the hydroelectric generator shown in FIG. It is. FIG. 9 shows a case where the structure of the contact surface of the valve body with the partition wall is changed in the hydraulic power generator shown in FIG. 1 and the valve body is displaced when being separated from the partition wall. It is a graph which compares and shows the relationship with the applied load.

  In the hydraulic power generation apparatus 1 of this embodiment, in the valve mechanism 9, the valve body 90 is biased toward the fluid inlet 31 by the coil spring 95, so that the valve portion 901 contacts the partition wall 219 via the seal member 96. Yes. For this reason, when the pressure of the water flowing in from the fluid inlet 31 is low, the opening 38 is closed. However, when the pressure of the water flowing in from the fluid inlet 31 becomes high and the washer 92 and the valve portion 901 receive a water pressure larger than the biasing force of the coil spring 95, the valve body 90 is fluidized against the biasing force of the coil spring 95. Since the valve portion 901 is displaced from the rear surface side of the partition wall 219, the bypass opening portion 38 is opened. Therefore, when the pressure of water flowing in from the fluid inlet 31 is low, all of the flowing water is led to the water turbine chamber 35 via the annular flow path 33 and contributes to power generation, while flowing from the fluid inlet 31. When the water pressure is high, a part of the water that has flowed in passes through the bypass opening 38 toward the fluid outlet 32 as it is. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the problem that the rotation speed of the power generation water turbine 5 becomes too high and is not stable.

  Such an effect will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 shows the starting loads of the coil springs 95 in the hydraulic power generation apparatus having no bypass (the second flow path is not formed) and the valve mechanism 9 to which the present embodiment is applied, respectively, of 175 gf, 215 gf, 220 gf, 225 gf, The relationship between the flow set to 280 gf and the number of rotations of the power generation turbine at that time is shown by lines I to VI in order. As shown in FIG. 7, in the hydroelectric generator, when the flow rate poured into the power generation turbine is changed from 10 L / min to 25 L / min, the one without the bypass (result shown by line I), The number of revolutions increases in proportion to the flow rate, whereas with the valve mechanism 9 to which the present embodiment is applied (results shown by lines II to VI), the flow rate poured into the power generation turbine is from 10 L / min. Even if it changes to 25 L / min, the rotation speed of the water turbine for power generation is stable in the vicinity of 3000 to 4000 rpm. Therefore, according to the valve mechanism 9 to which the present invention is applied, the switching operation from the closed state to the open state can be performed smoothly, and the amount of water supplied to the water turbine chamber 35 can always be kept constant. I understand. Therefore, according to this invention, generation | occurrence | production of the rotation noise etc. of the water turbine 5 for electric power generation can be prevented.

  When such an opening operation is performed, if sticking occurs on the contact surface between the valve body 90 and the partition wall 219, as soon as the flow rate reaches a predetermined level, as shown by the solid line in FIG. Although the opening 38 is not opened, an overshoot occurs in the rotational speed of the power generation water turbine. In this embodiment, the contact surface between the valve body 90 and the partition wall 219 is described with reference to FIG. Since the sticking does not occur, as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 8, when the opening portion 38 shifts from the closed state to the open state, the overshoot does not occur in the rotational speed of the power generation water turbine, and the flow rate reaches a predetermined level. The portion 38 is smoothly opened. That is, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 8, if sticking occurs on the contact surface between the valve body 90 and the partition wall 219, the flow rate is 13 L / min when the flow rate increases from 10 L / min to 15 L / min. Even if it becomes a position, since the valve body 90 is not displaced and the opening 38 remains in the closed state, the rotational speed of the water turbine for power generation increases to around 5000 rpm. On the other hand, as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 8, in this embodiment, no sticking occurs on the contact surface between the valve body 90 and the partition wall 219, so that the valve body 90 is reached when the flow rate reaches about 12 L / min. Is displaced, and the opening 38 smoothly switches from the closed state to the open state, so that the rotational speed of the power generation water turbine does not increase to around 5000 rpm.

  Further, in FIG. 9, in the hydroelectric generator 1 of the present embodiment, as a sealing member 96 to be attached to the valve body 90, an example using a fluorine-based rubber with fine irregularities on the surface, and fine irregularities on the surface. In the comparative example using EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene rubber) that is not attached and the example using fluorine-based rubber that is not provided with fine irregularities on the surface, the valve body 90 is separated from the partition wall 219. The relationship between the case of displacement and the load applied to the valve body at that time is shown by comparison with solid lines A, B, and C.

  In the case of using an EPDM rubber that does not have fine irregularities on the surface as the sealing member 96 to be attached to the valve body 90, as shown by a solid line B in FIG. 9, at the moment when the valve body 90 is separated from the partition wall 219. It can be seen that a large load (line segment G in the figure) is necessary. This is due to sticking between the seal member 96 and the partition 219.

  On the other hand, as the sealing member 96 to be attached to the valve body 90, the valve body 90 is formed as a partition wall as shown by a solid line C in FIG. An extra load (line segment G ′ in the figure) is required at the moment of separation from 219, but the magnitude of such load was such that EPDM rubber having no fine irregularities on the surface was used as the seal member 96. It is significantly smaller than the case.

  Furthermore, when the seal member 96 is made of fluorine rubber with fine irregularities on the surface, no extra load is applied when the valve body 90 is separated from the partition wall 219 as indicated by a solid line A in FIG. , Don't join.

  Therefore, as can be seen by comparing the solid lines B and C, the fluorine rubber seal member 96 has a material that is less likely to adhere to the partition wall 219 than the rubber seal member 96 such as EPDM. Yes. Further, as can be seen by comparing the solid lines A and C, it is found that when the surface of the seal member 96 is finely uneven, it is difficult to adhere to the partition wall 219. That is, when the valve mechanism 9 changes from the closed state to the open state, the fine irregularities deformed by the close contact between the seal member 96 and the partition wall 219 are restored to the original shape by the restoring force, so that the seal member 96 and the partition wall 219 The contact area is reduced. Accordingly, the seal member 96 does not adhere to the partition wall 219 and is smoothly separated. In addition, fine irregularities such as a satin shape, a mesh shape, or a concentric shape can be easily formed and the roughness can be easily managed.

(Main effects of this form)
As described above, in the hydraulic power generation device 1 according to the present embodiment, in the valve mechanism 9 configured in the second flow path 120 for bypass, a seal made of a fluorine-based rubber is provided at a location where the valve body 90 contacts the partition wall 219. The member 96 (elastic body) is provided, and such a fluorine-based rubber seal member 96 has a material that is less likely to adhere to the partition wall 219 as compared to other materials. In addition, in this embodiment, since the surface of the seal member 96 is finely uneven, it is difficult to adhere to the partition wall 219 as compared with the case where the surface of the seal member 96 is smooth. Accordingly, when the valve body 90 is in contact with the partition wall 219 and the opening 38 is closed, the water pressure rises to a predetermined level, and the valve body 90 is separated from the partition wall 219 and attempts to open the opening 38. In addition, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the valve body 90 is not fixed to the partition wall 219 and the opening 38 is not opened. Therefore, when a predetermined water pressure is reached, the fluid can be reliably guided to the second flow path 120 for bypass, so that the fluid is not supplied to the water turbine chamber 35 at a high pressure. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of rattling and noise due to the rotational speed of the power generation water turbine 5 becoming too high, and avoid problems such as wear of bearings for the power generation water turbine 5. be able to. Moreover, it can prevent that the output voltage from the hydroelectric generator 1 exceeds a specification upper limit. Furthermore, the situation where the seal member 96 is fixed to the partition wall 219 and is broken can be avoided.

  In particular, since the hydroelectric generator 1 of this embodiment generates electricity using tap water, the water pressure supplied to the hydroelectric generator 1 is likely to vary depending on the installation location or time. Therefore, in the hydroelectric generator 1, the valve mechanism 9 is frequently opened and closed in order to keep the water pressure supplied to the turbine chamber 35 constant. Therefore, the contact surface of the valve body 90 with the partition wall 219 is also required to have durability, but in this embodiment, a highly durable fluorine rubber seal member 96 is provided at a position where the valve portion 901 contacts the partition wall 219. Therefore, the durability of the valve mechanism 9 can be enhanced.

  Further, in the valve mechanism 9 in the hydroelectric generator 1 of the present embodiment, the contact surface of the partition wall 219 with the valve portion 901 is configured as a smooth surface, while the surface of the seal member 96 provided in the valve portion 901 has a fine surface. The surface roughness of the seal member 96 is optimized by providing unevenness. Therefore, when the valve mechanism 9 is in the closed state by the biasing force of the coil spring 95, the fine irregularities formed on the surface of the seal member 96 are crushed and elastically deformed, so that the gap between the seal member 96 and the partition wall 219, That is, it is possible to eliminate a gap on the contact surface of the valve body 90 with the partition wall 219. Thereby, when the valve mechanism 9 is in the closed state, liquid leakage from the opening 38 can be prevented.

  Further, in the hydroelectric generator 1 of this embodiment, four connecting portions 215 extending from the inner peripheral surface of the opening 38 toward the cylindrical portion 217 are provided on the inner peripheral side of the opening 38 formed in the partition wall 219. When the valve mechanism 9 is formed and the valve mechanism 9 is closed, the seal member 96 contacts the partition wall 219 and the connecting portion 215. Accordingly, since the connecting portion 215 also constitutes a part of the contact surface with the seal member 96, the contact area is widened. However, according to this embodiment, the material and surface properties of the seal member 96 are optimized. Therefore, even when the contact area is wide, the problem of sticking does not occur.

  Further, in this embodiment, the support mechanism 99 for the valve body 90 includes a cylindrical portion 217 extending from the partition wall 219 toward the fluid inlet 31, and a shaft protruding from the valve body 90 toward the fluid inlet 31 and penetrating the cylindrical portion 217. Since the portion 902 is provided, the fitting size (supporting size) is long. For this reason, the valve body 90 can be supported in a stable posture. Further, since the shaft portion 902 penetrates the tube portion 217, even if the relative position between the tube portion 217 and the shaft portion 902 changes with the movement of the valve body 90, the tube portion 217 and the shaft portion 902 are not moved. Since the fitting size remains long, the valve body 90 can be supported in a stable state regardless of the position of the valve body 90, and the valve body 90 moves smoothly. Therefore, the second flow path 120 for bypass can be smoothly opened and closed according to the set fluid pressure.

  Further, since the step portion 905 that defines the position of the washer 92 is formed at the tip of the shaft portion 902, the coil spring 95 can be attached to the shaft portion 902 in a state of a predetermined length. Therefore, since the load (starting load) at which the valve body 90 starts to open can be set appropriately, the valve body 90 operates appropriately.

  Further, the partition wall 219 has a recess 219a that is recessed toward the fluid outlet 32, and an opening 38 is formed at the bottom of the recess 219a. With this recess 219 a, the water flowing from the fluid inlet 31 can be made to act vertically on the valve portion 901 that closes the opening 38. Therefore, blurring of the valve body 90 and the coil spring 95 can be suppressed.

(Modification of seal member)
In the embodiment described above, the valve member is provided with a fluorine rubber seal member 96 having fine irregularities on the surface. From the comparison results shown by solid lines B and C in FIG. A rubber seal member 96 may be provided on the valve body 90.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the valve member 90 is provided with the fluorine rubber seal member 96 with fine irregularities on the surface. However, as seen from the comparison results indicated by solid lines A and C in FIG. If it is the sealing member 96 which attached | subjected, you may use rubber-made sealing members, such as EPDM.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the seal member 96 is provided on the valve body 90. However, the seal member 96 may be provided at a location that contacts the valve body 90 on the partition wall 219 side. Further, a seal member 96 may be provided on both the valve body 90 and the partition wall 219 side.

  From the viewpoint of preventing the valve body 90 and the partition wall 219 from sticking, at least one of the contact surface of the valve body 90 with the partition wall 219 and the contact surface of the partition wall 219 with the valve body 90 is provided. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), tetrafluoroethylene / ethylene copolymer (ETFE), poly You may comprise with fluororesins, such as vinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PVDF).

(Variation of valve mechanism 9)
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a modification of the valve mechanism according to the present invention. In the support mechanism 99 of the valve mechanism 9 configured in the above embodiment, the cylindrical portion 217 is formed toward the partition wall 219 and the shaft portion 902 is formed toward the valve body 90. However, as illustrated in FIG. In 219 ′, a shaft portion 902 ′ may be formed on the downstream surface of the second flow path 120, and a cylindrical portion 217 ′ (bearing portion) may be formed on the valve body 90 ′. Also, a configuration in which a fluorine rubber sealing member 96 having a smooth surface is provided on at least one of the valve body 90 'side and the partition wall 219' side, or a fluorine rubber having fine irregularities on the surface, A configuration provided with a rubber seal member such as EPDM may be employed. When the configuration shown in FIG. 10 is adopted, the washer 92 'is positioned by the stepped portion 905' formed on the shaft portion 902 'and the push nut 91', and between the washer 92 'and the valve portion 901'. A coil spring 95 'may be disposed.

  In the above embodiment, when the support mechanism 99 of the valve mechanism 9 is configured, the cylindrical portions 217 and 217 ′ through which the shaft portions 902 and 902 ′ pass are used as the bearing portions, but relative to the shaft portions 902 and 902 ′. Even if the position changes, if the bearing part has a constant support dimension between the shaft parts 902 and 902 ', a structure that partially supports the shaft part, for example, a plurality of parts around the shaft part. You may employ | adopt the structure etc. which the structure supported and the groove | channel and the protrusion part engaged.

(A), (b) is a top view and AA 'sectional view of a hydroelectric generator to which the present invention is applied. It is a top view which shows the structure of the main body case used for the hydroelectric generator shown in FIG. (A), (b), (c) is the top view which shows the structure of the cover used for the hydraulic power unit shown in FIG. 1, a front view, and a bottom view. (A), (b), (c) is the top view, front view, and bottom view which show the structure of the cover which can be used for the hydraulic power unit shown in FIG. (A), (b), (c) is a perspective view when the water turbine for power generation used in the hydroelectric generator shown in FIG. 1 is viewed from the first radial bearing side, and the power turbine for power generation is a second radial bearing. It is the top view when seen from the side, and BB 'sectional drawing. (A), (b) is an enlarged view which shows the structure of the valve mechanism shown in FIG.1 (b), and explanatory drawing when a partition is seen from the fluid inlet side. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the flow volume in the hydroelectric generator shown in FIG. 1, and the rotation speed of the water turbine for electric power generation. 2 is a graph showing a comparison of the relationship between the flow rate and the number of rotations of a power generation water turbine when sticking occurs between a valve body and a partition wall and when sticking does not occur in the hydroelectric generator shown in FIG. 1. In the case where the configuration of the contact surface of the valve body with the partition wall is changed in the hydroelectric generator shown in FIG. 1, the displacement of the valve body when separated from the partition wall and the load applied to the valve body at that time It is a graph which compares and shows a relationship. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of another valve mechanism which can be used for the hydroelectric generator shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the valve body used for the conventional hydroelectric generator.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydroelectric power generation apparatus 5 Turbine 9 for power generation Valve mechanism 21 Main body case 23 Cover 31 Fluid inlet 32 Fluid outlet 35 Turbine chamber 38 Opening 90 Valve body 90 'Valve body 95 Coil spring 96 Seal member 99 Support mechanism 901 Valve part 902 Shaft 110 1st flow path 120 2nd flow path 217 Cylindrical part (bearing part)
219 Bulkhead

Claims (8)

When a fluid pressure rises, a first flow path for power generation including a water turbine chamber in which a water turbine for power generation is disposed, a second flow path for bypass configured in parallel to the water turbine chamber, and A hydroelectric generator having a valve mechanism for switching the second flow path from a closed state to an open state;
The valve mechanism includes a partition wall having an opening that forms the second flow path, a valve body for opening and closing the opening, and the valve body can be displaced in a direction approaching and separating from the partition wall. A supporting mechanism for supporting the valve body, and a biasing member that biases the valve body in a direction to close the opening against a fluid pressure,
At least one of the contact surface of the valve body with the partition wall and the contact surface of the partition wall with the valve body is made of fluorine rubber or fluorine resin. A hydroelectric generator.   The contact surface made of the fluorine rubber or the fluorine resin among the contact surface of the valve body with the partition wall and the contact surface of the partition wall with the valve body, A hydroelectric power generation device comprising an elastic body having fine irregularities on its surface.   3. The contact surface of the valve body with the partition wall and the contact surface of the partition wall with the valve body are either the fluorine rubber or the fluorine system. A hydroelectric power generator comprising a resin and the other abutment surface being a smooth surface. When a fluid pressure rises, a first flow path for power generation including a water turbine chamber in which a water turbine for power generation is disposed, a second flow path for bypass configured in parallel to the water turbine chamber, and A hydroelectric generator having a valve mechanism for switching the second flow path from a closed state to an open state;
The valve mechanism includes a partition wall having an opening that forms the second flow path, a valve body for opening and closing the opening, and the valve body can be displaced in a direction approaching and separating from the partition wall. A supporting mechanism for supporting the valve body, and a biasing member that biases the valve body in a direction to close the opening against a fluid pressure,
One contact surface of the contact surface of the valve body with the partition wall and the contact surface of the partition wall with the valve body is configured by an elastic body having fine irregularities on the surface. A hydroelectric generator characterized by that.   5. The contact surface according to claim 4, wherein one of the contact surface of the valve body with the partition wall and the contact surface of the partition wall with the valve body is configured by the elastic body. A hydroelectric generator characterized in that the contact surface is a smooth surface.   6. The hydroelectric generator according to claim 2, 4 or 5, wherein the fine irregularities are formed in a satin shape, a mesh shape, or a concentric shape. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the one contact surface is a contact surface with the partition wall of the valve body, and the contact surface is a member separate from the valve body body of the valve body. It consists of a configured seal member,
The said hydrostatic power generator characterized by the said sealing member covering the valve part which opposes the said partition in the said valve body main body, and the outer peripheral surface of this valve part. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 7, The said support mechanism is provided with the axial part formed in one side of the said valve body and the said partition, and the bearing part which supports the said axial part in the other side,
In the partition wall, the shaft portion or the bearing portion is held inside the opening by a connecting portion extending inward from the inner peripheral surface of the opening,
The connecting portion constitutes a part of a contact surface of the partition wall with the valve body.

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