JP2008002998A - PM measuring apparatus and control system using the PM measuring apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a PM measuring apparatus having a simple and inexpensive configuration and easy to handle.
Power is supplied to a dust collection charging power supply unit 15 and a charging electrode unit 11, a predetermined high voltage is applied to the charging electrode unit 11, and PM contained in exhaust gas introduced into a space 20 is charged to a predetermined level. Let The charged PM is collected on the adhesion surface 12A. A predetermined voltage is applied to the PM processing wire 14 disposed on the adhesion surface 12A by the PM processing power source 16 to cause a discharge action, and the PM collected on the adhesion surface 12A is oxidized. At this time, the amount of current flowing through the PM processing wire 14 is detected by the ammeter 17, and the amount of PM attached to the attached surface 12A (and thus the measuring wire 14) is measured based on the detection result.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a PM measuring apparatus for measuring the amount of PM (particulate matter). More specifically, the present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring the amount of PM discharged from a combustion apparatus, for example.

  Purifying the exhaust from the combustion device to suppress the expansion of air pollution is an important issue. For example, regarding a diesel combustion engine, PM (particulate matter: particulate matter = mainly emitted from the engine) Appropriately understand the amount of black smoke (soot), unburned fuel called SOF, components of lubricating oil, and components generated from sulfur in diesel fuel called sulfate) during engine operation Thus, it is important to understand the combustion state of the engine, the operating state of the diesel particulate filter system, and the like, and to control the engine so that a desired PM emission amount is obtained.

Here, as shown in Non-Patent Document 1, as a PM measuring apparatus for measuring PM emission, for example, a charge neutralizer that neutralizes the charge of PM, and a PM that has passed through the charge neutralizer A differential mobility analyzer (DMA) that classifies by utilizing the difference in electric mobility caused by the difference in the particle size of the electrostatically charged particles and the particles that have passed through the DMA are condensed. And a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) configured to include a light scattering particle counter (CNC: Condensation Nucleus Counter) configured to detect ultrafine particles. ) Or charged with PM, and the PM was collected by a filter connected to an electrometer. There are a low-pressure cascade impactor (ELPI) that measures particle size distribution by measuring the amount of charge at the time, a laser scattering type, a filter filtration type, and the like.
"JCAP Technical Report 2-4-2 Test Method (3) Technical Report on Ultrafine Particle Measurement", Petroleum Industry Activation Center, JCAP Promotion Office, PEC-2001JC-07, March 2002

  However, these conventional PM measuring devices are complicated and expensive, and are complicated to handle. Therefore, these conventional PM measuring devices are actually mounted on a vehicle and can be easily used for controlling the PM emission amount as described above. Is not suitable.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a PM measuring device that is simple and inexpensive and easy to handle, and a control system using the PM measuring device. It is another object of the present invention to provide a PM measurement device that can be mounted on a vehicle and can contribute to control of the PM emission amount, and a control system using the PM measurement device.

Therefore, the PM measuring apparatus according to the present invention is
An insulator having a PM adhesion surface to which PM is adhered;
A PM processing element that is disposed on the PM adhesion surface and that performs an oxidation process on the PM that is energized and adheres to the PM adhesion surface;
Comprising
The amount of PM adhering to the PM adhering surface is measured based on the amount of current supplied to the PM processing element when the oxidation treatment is performed.

  The oxidation treatment is performed by a discharge action or a heating action.

  The PM measuring apparatus according to the present invention can include a charging unit that charges the PM so that the PM easily adheres to the PM adhesion surface.

  The PM adhering to the PM adhering surface is PM contained in the exhaust gas of the combustion apparatus.

  The control system according to the present invention is based on the measurement result of the PM amount of the PM measuring device according to the present invention, the combustion state of the combustion device, or the operating state of the exhaust treatment device that performs a predetermined process on the exhaust of the combustion device Is controlled as desired.

  The PM measuring device and the control system according to the present invention can be mounted on a vehicle.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a PM measurement device that is simple and inexpensive and easy to handle, and a control system using the PM measurement device. In addition, it is possible to provide a PM measurement device that can be mounted on a vehicle and contribute to the control of the PM emission amount, and a control system using the PM measurement device.

  Embodiments of a PM measuring apparatus according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.

A first embodiment of a PM measuring apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, a PM measuring device 10 according to the present embodiment is disposed facing an exhaust passage 2 of an internal combustion engine 1 such as a diesel engine that performs diesel combustion, for example, and is disposed downstream of the exhaust treatment device 3. Provided. The internal combustion engine 1 is not limited to a diesel engine, and any combustion apparatus for a vehicle or a stationary type can be used as long as it is a combustion apparatus with exhaust gas, regardless of the combustion system, in addition to a gasoline engine or other internal combustion engine. It can be.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the PM measuring device 10 is provided with a space 20 into which exhaust gas is introduced at a distal end portion 10 </ b> A disposed facing the exhaust passage 2. Note that the PM measuring device 10 may be disposed in the space 20 so as to face, for example, a passage diverted from the exhaust passage 2. Further, the shape of the space 20 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 2 and may be any other shape as long as exhaust gas can be introduced as desired.

  The tip portion 10A of the PM measuring apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment is provided with a charged electrode portion 11 facing the space 20 and an insulation provided facing the charged electrode portion 11 with the space 20 in between. A body 12 and a low voltage electrode portion 13 disposed on the back side of the insulator 12 are provided.

  The insulator 12 is made of, for example, ceramics, and the surface of the insulator 12 on the space 20 side is an adhesion surface 12A on which PM is collected and adhered. As shown in FIG. The (for example, nichrome wire) 14 is arranged in a lattice shape, for example. The arrangement of the PM processing wires 14 on the attachment surface 12A is not limited to a lattice shape, and may be a spiral or other appropriate shape.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the charging electrode unit 11 is connected to a positive electrode of a dust collection charging power source unit 15 which is a DC power source via, for example, a switch means (not shown), and the dust collection charging electrode 15 is connected. The negative electrode side is grounded via the main body 19 of the PM measuring apparatus 10 and the like.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the PM processing electric wire 14 is connected to a PM processing power supply unit 16 which is an AC power supply via, for example, a switch means (not shown).
An ammeter 17 is provided to measure the current supplied to the PM processing wire 14. The low voltage side of the PM processing power supply unit 16 is connected to the low voltage electrode unit 13.

  The PM measuring apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration operates as follows.

  The dust collection charging power supply unit 15 functioning as a charging unit according to the present invention and the charging electrode unit 11 are energized via a switch unit (not shown), and the charging electrode unit 11 (high voltage side) has a predetermined value. For example, corona discharge is generated by applying a high voltage, and PM contained in the exhaust gas introduced into the space 20 is charged to a predetermined level.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the predetermined charged PM is moved toward the adhesion surface 12A and collected on the adhesion surface 12A.

  On the other hand, a predetermined voltage is applied by the PM processing power supply unit 16 to the PM processing electric wire 14 disposed on the adhesion surface 12A so that a predetermined amount of current flows. Then, by applying such a voltage, a discharge action is generated in the PM processing wire 14 which is a PM processing element according to the present invention, and the PM collected on the adhesion surface 12A is oxidized.

  Here, while conducting various research experiments on the oxidation treatment of PM, the present inventor performs discharge for PM oxidation treatment according to the amount of PM attached to the electric wire for oxidation treatment of PM by discharge action. It was found that the effect was affected and the current flow changed.

In the present embodiment, the PM amount is measured based on such knowledge.
That is, in the first embodiment according to the present invention, the discharge action is affected by the amount of PM adhering to the PM processing wire 14, and the current flowing through the PM processing wire 14 is changed to the PM. The amount of PM is measured by utilizing a phenomenon that changes according to the amount of PM adhering to the processing wire 14.

  Specifically, the amount of current flowing through the PM processing wire 14 by the ammeter 17 when a predetermined voltage is applied to the PM processing wire 14 by the PM processing power supply unit 16 to oxidize the PM. And the amount of PM adhering to the adhering surface 12A (and thus the measuring wire 14) is measured based on the detection result.

  For example, the PM adhesion amount can be easily measured by using a table or the like obtained by measuring in advance the relationship between the current amount and the PM adhesion amount. In addition, in the case of electronic control, for example, a table as described above is stored in a memory, and a LUT (Look Up Table) is easily performed based on the detected current amount, so that the PM adhesion amount can be easily obtained. Can be measured.

  In addition, it is possible to estimate the PM emission amount and the PM concentration by taking into consideration the operation state (load, rotation speed, intake air amount, etc.), operation elapsed time, etc. of the internal combustion engine 1 to the measured PM adhesion amount. .

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, when a discharge action is generated in the PM processing wire 14, the adhesion surface 12 </ b> A extends in accordance with the amount of PM attached to the PM processing wire 14. Since the PM amount is measured by utilizing the change in the current flowing through the PM processing wire 14, it is light, compact, inexpensive, simple and easy to handle, and can be mounted on a vehicle. Thus, it is possible to provide a PM measuring apparatus capable of providing the measurement results to various controls and a control system using the PM measuring apparatus.

  In addition, the PM measuring apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment is configured to measure the PM amount based on the amount of current flowing through the PM processing wire 14 when the PM adhering to the adhesion surface 12A is oxidized. Therefore, since the PM in the exhaust gas is oxidized and removed simultaneously with the measurement of the PM amount, the PM measuring device 10 itself contributes directly in terms of preventing the expansion of air pollution.

  By the way, the discharge of the PM processing wire 14 and the detection of the current amount by the ammeter 17 at that time apply a predetermined high voltage to the charging electrode portion 11 (high voltage side) to charge the PM to a predetermined level. It can be performed simultaneously with the process of collecting PM on the adhesion surface 12A, and it is independently performed at a timing different from the process of collecting PM after the PM is adhered to the adhesion surface 12A in a predetermined manner by the process of collecting PM. It can also be performed in a predetermined operating state.

  Further, in the PM measuring apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to change the total amount of PM attached to the attached surface 12A by changing the value of the voltage applied to the charged electrode portion 11. Furthermore, by controlling the value of the voltage applied to the PM processing wire 14, the oxidation rate of PM can be controlled to a predetermined value, and can be detected as a current value that changes in time series. That is, the PM measuring apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment changes the value of the voltage applied to the charging electrode unit 11 and the PM processing wire 14 to a change in the state of the engine (for example, exhaust flow rate or PM concentration). By controlling as desired, it is possible to accurately measure the PM discharge amount including a transient state.

  In the PM measuring apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, so-called classified collection is possible by classifying and collecting for each PM particle size by changing the value of the voltage applied to the charged electrode unit 11. (See Non-Patent Document 1, etc.). Therefore, according to the PM measuring apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, by optimizing the voltage applied to the charging electrode unit 11 and the voltage and current applied to the PM processing wire 14, the particle size of PM is increased. It is also possible to measure PM emissions in

  In the present embodiment, for example, PM in exhaust gas can be efficiently applied to the attachment surface 12A so that the PM discharge amount can be accurately measured even in an operation region where the PM discharge amount is small relative to the total exhaust flow rate. In order to collect and adhere, the dust collection charging power supply unit 15 and the charging electrode unit 11 are provided, but the dust collection charging power supply unit 15 and the charging electrode unit 11 are omitted depending on the situation. be able to.

  Further, the PM measuring apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment can be disposed in the exhaust passage 2 as shown in FIG. 1, but the disposition position thereof is the exhaust gas as in the present embodiment. The present invention is not limited to the case where it is provided on the exhaust gas downstream side of the processing apparatus 3, and can be provided on the exhaust upstream side of the exhaust treatment apparatus 3, or can be provided on both the exhaust upstream side and the downstream side.

  When the PM measurement device 10 is disposed on the exhaust downstream side of the exhaust treatment device 3, the measurement result of the PM emission amount is, for example, the combustion state of the internal combustion engine 1 and further the operation state of the exhaust treatment device 3. This can contribute to controlling the combustion state of the internal combustion engine 1 and the operating state of the exhaust treatment device 3 so that the desired PM emission amount is obtained. Further, the measurement result of the PM emission amount can be used for failure diagnosis such as deterioration of the exhaust treatment device 3.

  When the PM measuring device 10 is disposed on the exhaust upstream side of the exhaust treatment device 3, the measurement result is obtained from the internal combustion engine so that the combustion state of the internal combustion engine 1 is accurately grasped and a desired PM emission amount is obtained. This can contribute to controlling the combustion state of the engine 1. When both the exhaust upstream side and the downstream side are disposed, the combustion state of the internal combustion engine 1 and the operating state of the exhaust treatment device 3 are both accurately grasped, and the internal combustion engine 1 is adjusted so as to obtain a desired PM emission amount. This makes it possible to contribute to accurately controlling the combustion state of the exhaust gas and the operating state of the exhaust treatment device 3, and to make the failure diagnosis accuracy such as deterioration of the exhaust treatment device 3 highly accurate.

  Here, as the exhaust treatment device 3, for example, a general oxidation catalyst, a three-way catalyst, a NOx storage reduction type three way catalyst, a DPNR catalyst (a combination of a porous ceramic structure and a NOx storage reduction type three way catalyst) However, oxidation and reduction with a catalyst while exhaust passes through the gaps in the ceramic, a catalyst that can greatly reduce PM and NOx), a catalyst for HC-SCR (NOx using hydrocarbon as a reducing agent) Selective reduction type NOx catalyst to be purified), catalyst for urea SCR (UREA-SCR) (selective reduction type NOx catalyst to purify NOx using urea as a reducing agent), diesel particulate filter, etc., as required These may be used alone or in combination. When combined, the PM measuring device 10 can be interposed between the combined exhaust treatment devices 3.

  Furthermore, since the PM measuring apparatus 10 of the present embodiment can be made compact as shown in FIG. 2, the PM measuring apparatus 10 is provided for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 1 or a predetermined size. PM for each cylinder, a specific cylinder, or a predetermined cylinder group (for example, a front several cylinders, a rear several cylinders for a serial engine, a right bank cylinder, a left bank cylinder, etc. for a V-type engine) It is also possible to measure the PM discharge amount for each cylinder, for each predetermined cylinder, for a specific cylinder, or for each predetermined cylinder group by disposing it at a portion where the discharge amount can be measured.

  With this configuration, the PM emission amount can be measured for each cylinder, for a predetermined cylinder, for a specific cylinder, or for a predetermined group of cylinders, so that the combustion state of the internal combustion engine 1 can be grasped in detail. In other words, various controls (fuel injection control (e.g., fuel injection control (e.g., fuel injection control (e.g., fuel injection control)) for grasping the combustion variation for each cylinder, or for a predetermined cylinder, a specific cylinder, or for each predetermined cylinder group. Fuel injection timing, fuel injection amount, fuel injection rate), intake / exhaust valve drive control (lift, opening / closing timing control, etc.), intake system control (eg, swirl control for each cylinder), etc.) It will be possible.

Next, a second embodiment of the exhaust treatment apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The second embodiment is the same as that described in FIG. 1 except that the configuration of the PM measuring apparatus 50 employed in the second embodiment is different from the configuration of the PM measuring apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment. Therefore, the description of the same parts as those in the first embodiment is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the PM measuring device 50 according to the present embodiment has a distal end portion 50A disposed facing the exhaust passage, similarly to the distal end portion 10A of the PM measuring device 10 according to the first embodiment. In addition, a space 70 into which exhaust gas is introduced is provided. A charged electrode unit 51 is provided facing the space 70, and an insulator 52 is provided in the PM measuring device 50 so as to face the charged electrode unit 51 with the space 70 interposed therebetween. .

  The insulator 52 is made of, for example, ceramics, and the surface on the space 70 side of the insulator 52 is an adhesion surface 52A on which PM is collected and adhered, and the adhesion surface 52A has a surface as shown in FIG. In addition, a PM processing wire (for example, nichrome wire) 54 is disposed, for example, in a spiral shape. Note that the arrangement of the PM treatment wires 54 on the attachment surface 52A is not limited to a spiral shape, and may be a lattice shape or any other appropriate shape.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the charging electrode unit 51 is connected to the positive electrode of the dust collection charging power source unit 55 that is a DC power source via, for example, a switch means (not shown), and the dust collection charging electrode 15. The negative electrode side is grounded via the main body 59 of the PM measuring device 50 and the like.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, the PM processing electric wire 54 is connected to a PM processing power source 56 which is an AC power source via, for example, a switch means (not shown). An ammeter 57 is provided to measure the current supplied to the PM processing wire 54. In the present embodiment, a DC power source may be used as the PM processing power source unit 56.

  The PM measuring device 50 according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration operates as follows.

  The dust collecting charging power supply unit 55 and the charging electrode unit 51 functioning as a charging unit according to the present invention are energized through a switch unit (not shown), and the charging electrode unit 51 (high voltage side) has a predetermined value. For example, corona discharge is generated by applying a high voltage, and PM contained in the exhaust gas introduced into the space 70 is charged to a predetermined level.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the predetermined charged PM is moved toward the attachment surface 52A and collected on the attachment surface 52A.

  On the other hand, a predetermined voltage is applied to the PM processing electric wire 54 disposed on the adhesion surface 52A by the PM processing power source 56, and a predetermined amount of current flows. Thereby, in this Embodiment, the said PM process electric wire 54 which is a PM process element which concerns on this invention is heated, and the oxidation process of PM collected on the said adhesion surface 52A is performed.

  Here, while conducting various research experiments on the oxidation treatment of PM, the present inventor has found that the current flowing changes depending on the amount of PM attached to the wire for oxidizing the PM by heating. Obtained.

Also in the present embodiment, the PM amount is measured based on such knowledge.
That is, in the second embodiment according to the present invention, the current flowing through the PM processing wire 54 during the heat treatment by the amount of PM adhering to the PM processing wire 54 is changed to the PM processing wire 54. The amount of PM is measured using a phenomenon that changes according to the amount of PM attached to the surface.

  Specifically, when applying a predetermined voltage to the PM processing wire 54 by the PM processing power supply unit 56 and subjecting it to oxidation treatment of PM by heating, the ammeter 57 flows through the PM processing wire 54. The amount of current is detected, and the amount of PM adhering to the adhering surface 52A (and thus the measuring wire 54) is detected based on the detection result.

  For example, the PM adhesion amount can be easily measured by using a table or the like obtained by measuring in advance the relationship between the current amount and the PM adhesion amount. In addition, in the case of electronic control, for example, a table as described above is stored in a memory, and a LUT (Look Up Table) is easily performed based on the detected current amount, so that the PM adhesion amount can be easily obtained. Can be measured.

  In addition, it is possible to estimate the PM emission amount and the PM concentration by taking into consideration the operation state (load, rotation speed, intake air amount, etc.), operation elapsed time, etc. of the internal combustion engine 1 to the measured PM adhesion amount. .

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, when the PM treatment wire 54 is heated to oxidize PM, the amount of PM attached to the adhesion surface 52A and thus to the PM treatment wire 54 is increased. Accordingly, since the PM amount is measured by utilizing the change in the current flowing through the PM processing wire 54, the vehicle is light, compact, inexpensive, simple and easy to handle. It is possible to provide a PM measurement device that can be mounted on a device and the like and provide the measurement results to various controls and a control system using the PM measurement device.

  In addition, the PM measuring apparatus 50 according to the present embodiment is configured to measure the PM amount based on the amount of current flowing through the PM processing wire 54 when the PM adhering to the attachment surface 52A is oxidized. Therefore, since the PM in the exhaust gas is oxidized and removed simultaneously with the measurement of the PM amount, the PM measuring device 50 itself contributes directly in terms of preventing the expansion of air pollution.

  By the way, the heat treatment by the PM processing wire 54 and the detection of the current amount by the ammeter 57 at that time are performed by charging a predetermined PM by applying a predetermined high voltage to the charging electrode portion 51 (high voltage side). The process can be performed simultaneously with the process of collecting PM on the attachment surface 52A, and the PM is attached to the attachment surface 52A in a predetermined manner by the process of collecting PM, and at a timing different from the process of collecting the PM. It can also be performed in a predetermined operating state.

  In the PM measuring apparatus 50 according to the present embodiment, the total amount of PM attached to the attached surface 52A can be changed by changing the value of the voltage applied to the charged electrode portion 51. Furthermore, by controlling the value of the voltage applied to the PM processing wire 54, the oxidation rate of PM can be controlled to a predetermined value, and can be detected as a current value that changes in time series. That is, the PM measuring apparatus 50 according to the present embodiment changes the voltage value applied to the charging electrode unit 11 and the PM processing wire 14 to changes in the state of the engine (for example, exhaust flow rate, PM concentration, etc.). By controlling as desired, it is possible to accurately measure the PM discharge amount including a transient state.

  In the PM measuring apparatus 50 according to the present embodiment, so-called classified collection is possible by classifying and collecting for each PM particle size by changing the value of the voltage applied to the charged electrode portion 51. (See Non-Patent Document 1, etc.). Therefore, according to the PM measuring apparatus 50 according to the present embodiment, by optimizing the voltage applied to the charged electrode portion 51 and the voltage and current applied to the PM processing wire 54, each PM particle size is optimized. It is also possible to measure PM emissions in

  Further, in the present embodiment, for example, PM in exhaust gas can be efficiently applied to the attachment surface 52A so that the PM discharge amount can be accurately measured even in an operation region where the PM discharge amount is small with respect to the total exhaust flow rate. The dust collection charging power supply unit 55 and the charging electrode unit 51 are provided to collect and adhere, but the dust collection charging power supply unit 55 and the charging electrode unit 51 are omitted depending on the situation. be able to.

  And the PM measuring device 50 according to the present embodiment is also provided at the exhaust downstream side of the exhaust treatment device 3 shown in FIG. 1 in the same manner as in the first embodiment. It is not limited to this, It can also provide in the exhaust upstream side of the exhaust treatment apparatus 3, and can also provide in both exhaust upstream and downstream.

  Also in the present embodiment, various exhaust treatment devices can be employed as the exhaust treatment device 3 as in the first embodiment.

  Furthermore, since the PM measuring device 50 according to the present embodiment can be made compact in size as in the first embodiment, the PM measuring device 50 is provided for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 1. Alternatively, a predetermined cylinder, a specific cylinder, or a predetermined group of cylinders may be arranged at a part where the PM emission amount can be measured, and each cylinder, a predetermined cylinder, a specific cylinder, or a predetermined cylinder The PM emission amount can be measured for each group, and by using this measurement result, it is possible to contribute to optimization of various controls as in the first embodiment.

1 is a diagram schematically showing an overall configuration of a first embodiment according to the present invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of PM measuring apparatus which concerns on embodiment same as the above. It is a schematic diagram which expands and shows partially the PM measuring apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows the structural example of PM measuring apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which expands and shows partially the PM measuring apparatus of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Internal combustion engine 2 Exhaust passage 3 Exhaust treatment apparatus 10, 50 PM measuring apparatus 11, 51 Charge electrode part 12, 52 Insulator 12A, 52A Adhesion surface 14, 54 PM processing electric wire 15, 55 Dust collection charge power supply part 16, 56 PM processing power supply 17, 57 Ammeter

Claims (7)

An insulator having a PM adhesion surface to which PM is adhered;
A PM treatment element that is disposed on the PM adhesion surface, and that performs an oxidation process on the PM that is energized and adhered to the PM adhesion surface;
Comprising
A PM measuring device that measures the amount of PM adhering to the PM adhering surface based on the amount of current supplied to the PM processing element when performing the oxidation treatment.   The PM measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the oxidation treatment is performed by a discharge action or a heating action.   The PM measuring apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a charging unit that charges the PM so that the PM easily adheres to the PM adhesion surface.   The PM measurement apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the PM attached to the PM attachment surface is PM contained in exhaust gas of a combustion apparatus.   The PM measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the PM measuring device is mounted on a vehicle.   An exhaust treatment device that performs a predetermined process on the combustion state of the combustion device or the exhaust gas of the combustion device based on the measurement result of the PM amount of the PM measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The control system characterized by controlling the operating state of the as desired. The control system according to claim 6, wherein the control system is mounted on a vehicle.

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