JP2008001876A - ポリエステルイミドおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
Macromolecules,29,7897(1996) 高分子討論会予稿集,53,4115(2004)
1.一般式(1)で表される反復単位を有するポリエステルイミド前駆体であって、
3.一般式(4)で表される反復単位を有するポリエステルイミドであって、
4.上記1または2に記載のポリエステルイミド前駆体を加熱あるいは脱水試薬を用いて環化反応(イミド化)させることを特徴とする、上記3に記載のポリエステルイミドの製造方法。
5.上記1または2に記載のポリエステルイミド前駆体を経由することなしに、ポリエステルイミド前駆体の原料である、テトラカルボン酸二無水物とジアミンを溶媒中、高温下で重縮合反応することを特徴とする、請求項3に記載のポリエステルイミドの製造方法。
6.上記1または2に記載のポリエステルイミド前駆体を主成分として含有するワニスを金属箔上に塗布、乾燥後、加熱あるいは脱水試薬を用いて環化反応(イミド化)させることを特徴とする、金属箔と上記3に記載のポリエステルイミドの積層板の製造方法。
7.上記6に記載の積層板の金属箔をエッチングすることを特徴とするフレキシブルプリント配線(FPC)基板の製造方法。
本発明に係るポリエステルイミド前駆体を製造する方法は特に限定されず、公知の方法を適用することができる。より具体的には、以下の方法により得られる。まず該ジアミンを重合溶媒に溶解し、これにテトラカルボン酸二無水物粉末を徐々に添加し、メカニカルスターラーを用い、0〜100℃、好ましくは20〜60℃で0.5〜100時間好ましくは1〜24時間攪拌する。この際モノマー濃度は5〜50重量%、好ましくは10〜40重量%である。このモノマー濃度範囲で重合を行うことにより均一で高重合度のポリイミド前駆体溶液を得ることができる。
本発明のポリエステルイミドは、上記の方法で得られたポリエステルイミド前駆体を脱水閉環反応(イミド化反応)することで製造することができる。この際ポリエステルイミドの使用可能な形態としては、フィルム、金属箔/ポリエステルイミドフィルム積層体、粉末、成型体および溶液が挙げられる。
本発明のポリエステルイミドは低線熱膨張(係数)、高弾性率、低吸水率、低吸湿膨張率、高ガラス転移温度、および高い膜靭性を有するため、積層体及びプリント基板として好適に用いることができる。具体的には、各種電子デバイスにおける電気絶縁膜およびFPC基板、ディスプレー用基板、電子ペーパー用基板、太陽電池用基板等に利用でき、特にFPC基板として有用である。
<赤外吸収スペクトル>
フーリエ変換赤外分光光度計(日本分光社製FT−IR5300)を用い、透過法にてポリエステルイミド前駆体およびポリエステルイミドフィルム(5μm厚)の赤外線吸収スペクトルを測定した。
<固有粘度>
0.5重量%のポリエステルイミド前駆体溶液を、オストワルド粘度計を用いて30℃で測定した。
<ガラス転移温度:Tg>
ブルカーエイエックス社製熱機械分析装置(TMA4000)を用いて動的粘弾性測定により、周波数0.1Hz、昇温速度5℃/分における損失ピークからポリエステルイミドフィルム(20μm厚)のガラス転移温度を求めた。
<線熱膨張(係数):CTE>
ブルカーエイエックス社製熱機械分析装置(TMA4000)を用いて、熱機械分析により、荷重0.5g/膜厚1μm、昇温速度5℃/分における試験片の伸びより、100〜200℃の範囲での平均値としてポリエステルイミドフィルム(20μm厚)の線熱膨張(係数)を求めた。
<5%重量減少温度:Td5>
ブルカーエイエックス社製熱重量分析装置(TG−DTA2000)を用いて、窒素中または空気中、昇温速度10℃/分での昇温過程において、ポリエステルイミドフィルム(20μm厚)の初期重量が5%減少した時の温度を測定した。これらの値が高いほど、熱安定性が高いことを表す。
<複屈折:Δn>
アタゴ社製アッベ屈折計(アッベ4T)を用いて、ポリエステルイミドフィルム(20μm厚)に平行な方向(nin)と垂直な方向(nout)の屈折率をアッベ屈折計(ナトリウムランプ使用、波長589nm)で測定し、これらの屈折率の差から複屈折(Δn=nin−nout)を求めた。この値が高いほど、ポリマー鎖の面内配向度が高いことを意味する。
<誘電率:εcal>
アタゴ社製アッベ屈折計(アッベ4T)を用いて、ポリエステルイミドフィルムの平均屈折率〔nav=(2nin+nout)/3〕に基づいて次式:εcal=1.1×nav2により1MHzにおけるポリエステルイミドフィルムの誘電率(εcal)を算出した。
<吸水率>
50℃で24時間真空乾燥したポリエステルイミドフィルム(膜厚20〜30μm)を24℃の水に24時間浸漬した後、余分の水分を拭き取り、重量増加分から吸水率(%)を求めた。殆どの用途においてこの値が低いほど好ましい。
<吸湿膨張率:CHE>
アルバック理工株式会社製熱機械分析装置(TM−9400)及び湿度雰囲気調整装置(HC−1)を用いて、幅3mm、長さ20mm(チャック間長さ15mm)、厚み20〜25μm、のフィルムを23℃、荷重5gにて湿度10%RHから80%RHに変化させた際の試験片の伸びから10%RH〜80%RHにおける平均値としてポリエステルイミドフィルムの吸湿膨張率(ppm/%RH)を求めた。
<弾性率、破断伸び>
東洋ボールドウィン社製引張試験機(テンシロンUTM−2)を用いて、ポリエステルイミドフィルム(20μm厚)の試験片(3mm×30mm)について引張試験(延伸速度:8mm/分)を実施し、応力―歪曲線の初期の勾配から弾性率を、フィルムが破断した時の伸び率から破断伸び(%)を求めた。破断伸びが高いほどフィルムの靭性が高いことを意味する。
<ポリエステルイミド前駆体の重合、イミド化およびポリエステルイミドフィルム特性の評価>
よく乾燥した攪拌機付密閉反応容器中に式(6)で表されるエステル基含有ジアミン(以下BPTPと称する)3mmolを入れ、モレキュラーシーブス4Aで十分に脱水したN−メチル−2−ピロリドン31mLに溶解した後、この溶液に式(7)で表されるエステル基含有テトラカルボン酸二無水物(以下TAHQと称する)の粉末3mmolを徐々に加えた。10分後、溶液粘度が急激に増加した。更に室温で24時間撹拌し、透明、均一で粘稠なポリエステルイミド前駆体溶液を得た。
テトラカルボン酸二無水物として、TAHQの代わりに式(8)で表されるエステル基含有テトラカルボン酸二無水物を用いた以外は実施例1に記載した方法に従って、ポリエステルイミド前駆体を重合し、製膜、イミド化してポリエステルイミドフィルムを作製し、同様に物性評価した。物性値を表1に示す。実施例1に記載のポリエステルイミドと同様に、極めて低い線熱膨張(係数)、優れた寸法安定性、高い熱安定性、比較的低い誘電率および十分な膜靭性に加え、低吸水率、低吸湿膨張率を達成することができた。得られたポリエステルイミド前駆体およびポリエステルイミドフィルムの赤外線吸収スペクトルを図3、図4にそれぞれ示す。
BPTPの他に共重合成分として4,4’−オキシジアニリンを併用した以外は実施例1に記載した方法に従って、ポリエステルイミド前駆体を重合し、製膜、イミド化してポリエステルイミドフィルムを作製し、同様に物性評価した。共重合組成(モル比)はBPTP:4,4’−オキシジアニリン=70:30である。物性値を表1に示す。実施例1より銅に近い線熱膨張(係数)、優れた寸法安定性、高い熱安定性、比較的低い誘電率および高い膜靭性に加え、低吸水率、低吸湿膨張率を達成することができた。
BPTPの他に共重合成分として4,4’−オキシジアニリンを併用した以外は実施例2に記載した方法に従って、ポリエステルイミド前駆体を重合し、製膜、イミド化してポリエステルイミドフィルムを作製し、同様に物性評価した。共重合組成(モル比)はBPTP:4,4’−オキシジアニリン=70:30である。物性値を表1に示す。実施例2より銅に近い線熱膨張(係数)、優れた寸法安定性、高い熱安定性、比較的低い誘電率および高い膜靭性に加え、低吸水率、低吸湿膨張率を達成することができた。
[比較例1]
ジアミンとして、BPTPの代わりに式(5)で表されるジアミン即ち4−アミノフェニル−4’−アミノベンゾエートを用いた以外は実施例1に記載した方法に従って、ポリエステルイミド前駆体を重合し、製膜、イミド化してポリエステルイミドフィルムを作製し、同様に物性評価した。物性値を表1に示す。実施例1に記載のポリエステルイミドと同様に、極めて低い線熱膨張(係数)、高い寸法安定性、高い熱安定性、および十分な膜靭性を示したが、誘電率は3.26、吸水率は0.8%、吸湿膨張率は10ppm/%RHと、共に実施例1に記載のポリエステルイミドフィルムより高い値であった。これはジアミン成分として、BPTPよりも分子中のエステル基および芳香環が少ないエステル含有ジアミンを用いたためである。
BPTPの代わりに4,4’−ジアミノベンズアニリドを用いた以外は実施例1に記載した方法に従って、ポリアミドイミド前駆体を重合した。N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド中、30℃、0.5重量%の濃度でオストワルド粘度計にて測定したポリイミド前駆体の固有粘度は7.16dL/gと極めて高重合体であった。実施例1に記載した方法に従って、製膜・イミド化を行った。実施例1〜5に記載のポリエステルイミドと同様に、極めて低い線熱膨張(係数)、高い寸法安定性、高い熱安定性、および十分な膜靭性を示したが、吸水率は3.4%、吸湿膨張率は25ppm/%RHと高い値であった。これはこのポリアミドイミドがエステル基の代わりにより高分極性のアミド基を含有しているためである。フィルム物性を表1に示す。
Claims (7)
- 固有粘度が0.1〜15.0dL/gの範囲である、請求項1に記載のポリエステルイミド前駆体。
- 請求項1または請求項2に記載のポリエステルイミド前駆体を加熱あるいは脱水試薬を用いて環化反応(イミド化)させることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載のポリエステルイミドの製造方法。
- 請求項1または請求項2に記載のポリエステルイミド前駆体を経由することなしに、ポリエステルイミド前駆体の原料である、テトラカルボン酸二無水物とジアミンを溶媒中、高温下で重縮合反応することを特徴とする、請求項3に記載のポリエステルイミドの製造方法。
- 請求項1または請求項2に記載のポリエステルイミド前駆体を主成分として含有するワニスを金属箔上に塗布、乾燥後、加熱あるいは脱水試薬を用いて環化反応(イミド化)させることを特徴とする、金属層と請求項3に記載のポリエステルイミド樹脂層の積層板の製造方法。
- 請求項6に記載の積層板の金属層をエッチングすることを特徴とするフレキシブルプリント配線(FPC)基板の製造方法。
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