JP2007326014A - Decomposing and purifying machine for oil and fat in wastewater - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a decomposing and purifying machine for oil and fat in wastewater which decomposes and purifies oil and fat contained in wastewater of a kitchen, and at the same time sterilizes various germs only by installing it in a drainage tank of a sink. <P>SOLUTION: The decomposing and purifying machine for oil and fat in wastewater comprises a cylindrical main body part detachably disposed in the drainage tank of the sink and having an upper opening part and lower drainage holes, and an almost truncated cone-shaped collection part detachably disposed in the upper opening part of the main body and having an upper feed part and a lower drainage port equipped with a leavings-collecting means. The interior of the main body part keeps filter layers made by impregnating nonwoven fabric with silver or titanium oxide having a photocatalytic function, or their mixture stacked so as to put an oil and fat treatment layer, carrying microorganisms having an oil and fat decomposing function and formed in a shape of a bag, between them. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention treats domestic household wastewater, which decomposes animal and plant oils and fats drained from a kitchen sink, and sterilizes and purifies miscellaneous fungi contained in the wastewater. It relates to a decomposition purifier.

  Conventionally, wastewater discharged from the kitchen of ordinary households has been discharged through a combined septic tank or directly into public sewers. However, if there is a lot of oil and fat in the wastewater that flowed into the combined septic tank, it will interfere with the decomposition and purification of microorganisms in the combined septic tank, and the purification capacity of the combined septic tank itself will decrease, and it was discharged to the river in a state where it was not completely purified . For this reason, microorganisms inhabiting the river died without being able to decompose the oil and fat, and accumulated as sludge. Moreover, when the merged septic tank is not installed, the waste water containing a large amount of fats and oils flows out into the river as it is, which is a factor of environmental pollution. In addition, even when flowing directly into public sewers, it was not preferable to discharge domestic wastewater containing fats and oils.

  As a solution to this problem, in order to separate the fats and oils in the wastewater, use a drainage tank that is a small and multi-sized grease trap that is set up in the commercial kitchen, and the fats and oils are the staple food in the tank. The fat and oil adsorbent that has transferred aerobic microorganisms and facultative anaerobic microorganisms is attached to the surface of the water, and it is decomposed and purified by the action of microorganisms while aerating oxygen from the bottom of the tank with an air diffuser. The thing which performs complete adsorption | suction in a drainage tank by adsorption agents, such as a polypropylene excellent in fats and oils adsorption property, is disclosed. Moreover, in order to prevent a large amount of wastewater from flowing into the drainage tank and overflowing, a sink-attached drainage oil and fat decomposition and purification device is attached (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In addition, as a processing bag that easily decomposes and removes fats and oils mixed mainly in household wastewater, rocks and activated carbon mainly composed of silicic acid, magnesium oxide, ferrous oxide, calcium oxide, etc. In the porous part of the small particles obtained by porously compacting and baking a mixture of fine powder such as clay and clay, etc., aerobic and oil-degrading microorganisms, fungal spores, spores, etc. There is disclosed a treatment bag body for removing oil in drainage in which a large amount of a processing agent loaded and supported in a coarse net bag capable of forming a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness is filled (for example, Patent Documents) 2).

JP-A-10-249331 JP 2002-239576 A

  However, although the household waste oil decomposing and purifying apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is a downsized grease trap drainage tank that is set in a commercial kitchen, the apparatus is large and expensive, so that it can be used for home use. Not suitable for use. Further, in order to prevent a large amount of wastewater from flowing into the drainage tank and overflowing, a sink-mounted wastewater oil decomposing and purifying device is used, but this is only auxiliary. Furthermore, there is no suggestion or description about disinfecting germs contained in the waste water.

  Moreover, the processing bag body for oil content removal in the waste_water | drain described in patent document 2 is installed in the bottom part of a sink trainer. However, in this structure, there is a problem that drainage oil and fat flowing down along the inner side surface of the cylindrical portion of the sink trainer does not pass through the inside of the processing bag body, so that oil removal by microorganisms is not sufficiently performed.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in claim 1 of the present invention, a cylindrical main body having an upper opening and a lower drainage hole, which is detachably disposed in a drainage tank of a sink, and an upper opening of the main body Detachably arranged, and is composed of a substantially frustoconical collection part having a lower drainage port provided with an upper input part and leftover food collection means. Drained fats and oils characterized in that a filter layer impregnated with titanium oxide having a photocatalytic function or a mixture thereof is laminated with an oily fat treatment layer formed on a bag body carrying microorganisms having oily fat decomposability. It is a decomposition purifier.

  Moreover, in Claim 2, it is set as the waste-oil-fat decomposition purifier characterized by the lower drainage hole provided in the said main-body part being provided in the bottom face part and / or lower circumference part of the main body, In claim 3, the bottom portion of the main body portion is a drainage oil and fat decomposing and purifying device characterized in that it can be opened and closed or removable, and in claim 4, the filtration layer and the oil and fat treatment layer are attached to and detached from the inside of the main body. It is a waste oil and fat decomposing and purifying device characterized by being installed freely.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the cylindrical main body having an upper opening and a lower drainage hole is detachably disposed in the drainage tank of the sink, and is detachably disposed in the upper opening of the main body. It is set as the waste-oil-fat decomposition purifier comprised from the collection part of the substantially truncated cone shape which has the lower part drain port which provided the input part and the remaining rice collection means. Thereby, it becomes possible to easily insert or take out the drained oil / fat decomposition purifier from the drainage tank of the sink. Moreover, the disposal of the leftovers performed on a daily basis is easy because it can be easily performed by attaching and detaching only the collecting part. Moreover, since the collection part is substantially frustoconical and is installed in the upper opening of the main body so that the small diameter side is down (drainage pipe side), the drainage containing oil and fat is the cylindrical inner surface of the main body Since all the oil flows down through the filtration layer and the oil treatment layer without flowing down the oil, it is possible to efficiently perform the oil decomposition and purification by microorganisms. Moreover, since the filtration layer impregnates the nonwoven fabric with silver, titanium oxide having a photocatalytic function, or a mixture thereof, it has an effect of sterilizing miscellaneous bacteria contained in the waste water. Furthermore, since the main body part and the leftover food collection part are made of aluminum, an aluminum alloy, or copper, it is possible to suppress the slime and bad smell of the drainage tank and the drainage pipe due to the synergistic effect with silver and the photocatalyst.

  Moreover, in Claim 2, since the lower drainage hole provided in the said main-body part is provided in the bottom face part and / or lower circumferential part of the main body, the oil-and-fat-dissolved drainage efficiently flows down to a drain pipe. be able to. Moreover, in Claim 3, since the bottom face part of the said main-body part can be opened and closed or detachable, in Claim 4, since the filtration layer and the oil-fat treatment layer are arrange | positioned detachably inside the said main body, The filtration layer and the oil-and-fat treatment layer can be easily washed or replaced.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the present invention. In the specification and drawings, members having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a waste oil and fat decomposing / purifying device showing a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a bottom view of a main body portion, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of a leftover food collecting portion. In FIG. 1, a drainage oil and fat decomposing / purifying device 1 of the present invention is one in which a drainage basin (not shown) already installed in a drainage tank 40 is removed and mounted, and the main body 2 is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. It is formed in a cylindrical shape that can be detachably inserted into the drainage tank 40 of the sink. Further, copper may be used instead of aluminum or aluminum alloy. A gap 42 is provided between the inner periphery of the drainage tank 40 and the outer periphery of the main body to allow the drainage flowing into the main body to flow out to the drainage pipe 41. The upper part of the main body 2 is opened and provided with a gutter 21 for locking the drainage tank 40 and for placing the leftover food collecting part 3. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 2, the bottom surface of the main body 2 is provided with a circular drainage hole 7 in the center. As another embodiment of the drain hole 7, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), a plurality of small diameter holes are provided on the outer circumference of the central large diameter hole, as shown in FIG. 4 (b). There are a plurality of holes having the same diameter on the center and the circumference. The shape of the drain hole is not limited to a circle as described above, and may be a triangle, a square, an ellipse, a polygon, a rhombus, a slit, a lattice, or a honeycomb. In addition, you may provide the handle (not shown) for making attachment / detachment easy in the collar 21 of a main-body part.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the remaining rice collection unit 3 is formed in a truncated cone shape using an aluminum or aluminum alloy in which an upper charging portion 32 has a large diameter and a lower drainage port 33 has a small diameter. ing. Further, the material is aluminum, aluminum alloy or copper as in the main body 2. The upper loading part 32 is provided with a collar 31 for detachably mounting on the upper edge of the main body part 2. The lower drainage port 33 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a net is fixed to the opening as a leftover food collecting means 34 so as to be fixed or detachable. Instead of this net, a lattice, a perforated plate, a slit, or a honeycomb-shaped one may be provided. Further, the handle 31 may be provided with a handle (not shown) for easy attachment / detachment.

  A plurality of filtration layers made of non-woven fabric are laminated inside the main body 2 with an oil treatment layer interposed therebetween. First, the lower filtration layer 6 formed of a nonwoven fabric is laminated in four layers on the bottom surface inside the main body. Although the thickness of the nonwoven fabric per layer is 3 mm to 10 mm, this thickness is appropriately set according to the diameter and depth of the drainage tank 40. Since the nonwoven fabric is impregnated with silver, titanium oxide having a photocatalytic function, or a mixture thereof, it is possible to sterilize miscellaneous bacteria in the waste water. The mixture is a mixture of silver and titanium oxide having a photocatalytic function added with water and a binder. It is also possible to use felt, resin cotton, woven fabric, and knitted fabric instead of the nonwoven fabric.

  When silver has a positive charge, it becomes silver ions. Silver ions are strongly adsorbed on the cells of miscellaneous fungi and block the cell enzymes of miscellaneous fungi to die. The bactericidal and antibacterial action of silver ions generated from silver against Legionella, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and the like is known. For example, silver ions have a strong bactericidal action against Legionella spp., And show a bactericidal effect with a short amount of action against Legionella spp. Mixed in distilled water. Due to the sterilization effect of silver ions, the generated organic matter is reduced and the water becomes clear. Silver ions do not cause corrosion of machinery such as chlorinated chemicals, skin irritation peculiar to chlorinated chemicals, chemical odor problems, and environmental pollution. It becomes.

  As titanium oxide having photocatalytic function, titanium oxide photocatalyst activated by ultraviolet rays, titanium oxide photocatalyst responding to visible light, or titanium oxide catalyst responding by no light have been developed one after another. Attempts have been made to use it for environmental improvement such as oxidative degradation removal of substances. Since the titanium oxide photocatalyst that responds to ultraviolet light or visible light is mainly supplied as a powder, it is formed by spraying a sol containing fine titanium oxide powder or applied to a filtration layer together with an appropriate binder. Further, the non-light type titanium oxide catalyst is supplied in a liquid state and applied to the filtration layer by dipping or spraying.

  The filtration layer 6 can prevent sterilization of waste water, antibacterial action, slime, scale, bad odor and the like by silver ion or photocatalytic function. Furthermore, if a mixture of silver ions and titanium oxide having a photocatalytic function is used, more effective sterilization, antibacterial action, slime, scale, malodor and the like can be prevented by the synergistic effect of silver ions and titanium oxide. In addition, any of a titanium oxide photocatalyst activated by ultraviolet rays, a titanium oxide photocatalyst that responds to visible light, or a titanium oxide catalyst that responds in the absence of light may be used. Therefore, it is desirable to use a titanium oxide catalyst that responds without light. When the photocatalytic function is deteriorated, the photocatalytic function is restored when the photocatalytic function is taken out from the main body and exposed to sunlight.

  On the upper part of the lower filtration layer 6, an oil treatment layer 5 is provided. The oil and fat treatment layer 5 is a net bag body knitted in a cylindrical shape with synthetic resin fiber yarns having water resistance, heat resistance and oil resistance, and is laminated on the lower filtration layer 6. Inside the bag body, an oil adsorbing / decomposing agent carrying microorganisms for decomposing and purifying oil, for example, SNOM (trade name: an oil adsorbing / decomposing agent manufactured by Asenti Co., Ltd.) and the like are housed. Since this oil adsorbing / decomposing agent uses a porous shell of plant (peanut) as a raw material, when oil is adsorbed, it becomes trapped in the capsule tissue and does not ooze out after adsorption. In addition, since the oil adsorbing and decomposing agent is plant-based, it can be discarded together with garbage even when it is discarded. In addition, since hot water may be drained in a kitchen sink, the microorganisms to be used are hot water, for example, those that can inhabit even when exposed to 100 ° C.

  When drainage enters the net bag body with the microorganisms inside, the microorganisms immediately decompose the fats and oils contained in the drainage. A part of the microorganisms flows out into the drainage pipe together with the drainage. However, since the microorganisms grow naturally in the bag body of the net, they can be used repeatedly over a long period of time. However, if the function is reduced due to clogging or deterioration of the net, it can be cleaned or replaced.

  An upper filtration layer 4 is provided on the oil treatment layer 5. The upper filtration layer 4 has the same configuration as the lower filtration layer 6. The upper filtration layer 4 has an action of adsorbing fats and oils at the same time as removing residues, dust, and the like that have passed through the net of the leftover food collection unit 3. A lot of fats and oils are adsorbed by the upper filtration layer 4, but the fats and oils that have passed through the upper filtration layer 4 are decomposed into water and carbon dioxide by the microorganisms in the fat and oil treatment layer 5 on which microorganisms are supported.

  FIG. 5 is a front view of the main body showing the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, a plurality of drain holes 7 are provided for allowing the drainage to flow down to the drain pipe over the entire circumference of the lower circumferential part of the main body formed cylindrically with aluminum or aluminum alloy. The diameter and number of drain holes 7 can be appropriately changed according to the size of the drain tank 40.

  FIGS. 6A and 6B are front views of the main body according to the third embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 6A shows a bottom that can be opened and closed, and FIG. 6B shows that a bottom can be attached and detached. In FIG. 6A, the circumferential portion of the bottom surface and the circumferential portion of the bottom plate 25 are connected to each other by a locking tool 27 so as to be freely opened and closed. This locking tool 27 is a mechanical coupling such as a pin, a hinge, or a hinge. In FIG. 6 (b), a bottom plate 26 is detachably fitted to the bottom of the main body. As means for holding the bottom plate 26 at the bottom of the main body, the base plate 26 is inserted so as to be detachable by hand or is mechanically coupled using a screw or the like.

  FIG. 7 shows a filtration layer and an oil treatment layer according to another embodiment. (A) shows a case where the oil treatment layer 5 is sandwiched between the upper filtration layer 5 and the lower filtration layer 6, and (b) shows The oil-and-fat treatment layer 5 is sandwiched between the upper filtration layer 5 and the two lower filtration layers 6, and (c) is the oil-and-fat treatment layer 4 sandwiched between the upper filtration layer 5 and the three lower filtration layers 6. is there. The thickness and the number of layers of the filtration layer can be appropriately changed according to the size and depth of the drainage tank 40. Moreover, it becomes possible to wash | clean or replace per filtration layer unit by making the lower filtration layer 6 into multiple.

  FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the main body, in which (a) is a front sectional view and (b) is a plan view of the bottom plate. In FIG. 8, the main body 2a is formed in a cylindrical shape that can be detachably inserted into the drainage tank 40 of the sink using aluminum or an aluminum alloy. Note that copper may be used instead of aluminum or aluminum alloy. The upper part of the main body 2a is opened, and a gutter 21 is provided for locking the drainage tank 40 and for placing the leftover food collection part 3 thereon. Further, the circumference of the lower end portion of the main body is formed in a curved surface 29a, and a circular drainage hole 7 is provided in the central portion of the bottom surface. A large number of through-holes 7 are provided on the inner bottom surface of the main body 2a to allow the drainage to flow down to the drainage pipe, and a bottom plate 28 having a circumferentially curved surface is provided. The bottom plate 28 is detachably inserted from the upper opening 1 of the main body 2a. In addition, you may provide the handle (not shown) for attaching / detaching easily to the collar 21 of the main-body part 2a.

  FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the main body, in which (a) is a front sectional view and (b) is a plan view of the bottom plate. In FIG. 9, the main body 2b is formed in a cylindrical shape that can be detachably inserted into the drainage tank 40 of the sink using aluminum or an aluminum alloy. Note that copper may be used instead of aluminum or aluminum alloy. The upper part of the main body 2b is opened, and a trough 21 is provided for locking the drainage tank 40 and for placing the leftover food collecting part 3. Moreover, the lower end part periphery of the main-body part 2b is formed in the round (circle) 29a, and the circular drainage hole 7 is provided in the center part of the bottom face. A disc-shaped bottom plate 28a provided with a large number of through holes 7 for allowing the drainage to flow down to the drain pipe is provided on the inner bottom surface of the main body 29a. The bottom plate 28a is detachably inserted from the upper opening of the main body 29a. In addition, you may provide the handle (not shown) for making attachment / detachment easy in the collar 21 of a main-body part.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the waste oil decomposing and purifying apparatus 1 according to the present invention will be described. The wastewater containing cooking ingredients and oils and fats after cooking in the kitchen flows into the waste oil and fat decomposition purifier 1 installed in the drainage tank 40 of the sink. Since the leftover food collection part 3 is provided in the upper part of the said waste-oil-fat decomposition purifier 1, food waste etc. are collected by this leftover food collection part 3. Since the lower drainage port 33 of the left rice collection part 3 is smaller in diameter than the upper input part 32 and is installed in an inverted truncated cone shape, it contains small residues and oils and fats that have passed through the left rice collection means (net) 34. All drainage flows down to the surface portion of the upper filtration layer 4.

  The upper filtration layer 4 collects small residues and the like and simultaneously adsorbs fats and oils contained in the waste water. Most of the fats and oils are adsorbed by the upper filtration layer 4, but the fats and oils that have passed through the upper filtration layer 4 flow down to the fat and oil treatment layer 5.

  The oil treatment layer 5 is a net bag body knitted in a cylindrical shape with synthetic resin fiber yarns having water resistance and oil resistance, and microorganisms that decompose and purify the oil and fat are carried inside the bag body. Therefore, in use, the drained oil-degrading and purifying device 1 may be installed in the drainage tank 40 after moistening the dry oil-treated layer 5 with clean water and activating microorganisms supported in the voids. Alternatively, it may be installed in the drainage tank 40 in a dry state. When installed in a dry state, the microorganisms are activated and grown by the flow of the waste water, so that the fats and oils are decomposed into harmless water and carbon dioxide gas by the microorganisms having oil and fat decomposability and flow down to the lower filtration layer 6. By repeatedly decomposing oils and fats, microorganisms having oil-degrading ability are killed and runoff, but the spores that have proliferated before the death and runoff germinate, grow, and re-grow in the time when drainage does not flow. Therefore, decomposition of fats and oils is repeated over a long period of time.

  Most of the wastewater flowing down to the lower filtration layer 6 is harmless water and carbon dioxide, but besides this, some wastewater containing fats and oils adhered to microorganisms that could not be decomposed in the bag body. Flow down. Since the lower filtration layer 6 has four layers, the wastewater containing the oil and fat is decomposed into harmless water and carbon dioxide by microorganisms while passing through each filtration layer, and passes through the lowermost filtration layer to be drained. When it flows down the pipe, it is almost completely decomposed into harmless water and carbon dioxide. Therefore, kitchen wastewater is discharged into public sewers and the like as almost completely purified wastewater. The four filtration layers may be provided with one or more through holes in the thickness direction in order to facilitate the drainage of the drainage. In this case, it is desirable that the upper layer has a rougher hole.

  Although the present invention has been particularly described with respect to kitchen sinks, the present invention is not limited to this, and kitchen facilities such as a garbage disposal machine that can perform cooking and the like in the same manner as this and from which wastewater is discharged. It is possible to apply.

It is front sectional drawing which shows 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a bottom view of the main-body part of this invention. It is a top view of the leftover food collection part of the present invention. The other Example of the main-body bottom part of this invention is shown. It is a front view of the main-body part which shows 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the main-body part which shows 3rd embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the fats-and-oils processing layer and filtration layer which show other embodiment of this invention. The other Example of the main-body part of this invention is shown, (a) is a front cross section, (b) is a top view of a baseplate. The other Example of the main-body part of this invention is shown, (a) is a front cross section, (b) is a top view of a baseplate.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste oil and fat decomposition purifier 2, 2a, 2b Main body part 3 Uncaught rice collection part 4 Upper filtration layer 5 Oil processing layer 6 Lower filtration layer 7 Drain hole 21,31 鍔 25,26,28,28a Bottom plate 27 Locking tool (Pins etc.)
29 Curved surface 29a Earl (round)
32 Upper input part 33 Lower drainage part 34 Uneaten food collecting means (net)
40 Drain tank 42 Drain pipe 43 Crevice

Claims (4)

A cylindrical main body having an upper opening and a lower drainage hole, which is detachably disposed in the drainage tank of the sink, and is detachably disposed in the upper opening of the main body. And a filtration part in which the nonwoven fabric is impregnated with silver, titanium oxide having a photocatalytic function, or a mixture thereof. A drainage oil and fat decomposing and purifying device characterized in that the layers are laminated with an oil and fat treatment layer formed on a bag body carrying microorganisms having oil and fat decomposing ability. The drainage oil and fat decomposing and purifying device according to claim 1, wherein a lower drainage hole provided in the main body is provided in a bottom surface portion and / or a lower circumferential portion of the main body. The drain oil and fat decomposing / purifying device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the bottom portion of the main body is openable and detachable. The drainage oil and fat decomposing / purifying device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the filtration layer and the oil and fat treatment layer are detachably disposed inside the main body.

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