JP2007231940A - Swash plate of swash plate compressor, and swash plate compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a swash plate 3 made of a metallic base material 3a of a swash plate compressor excellent in adhesion and abrasion resistance as well as resistance against seizing, and be durable even for the use in a swash plate compressor using carbon dioxide gas for refrigerant. <P>SOLUTION: A stainless steel sprayed layer 10 is formed on a sliding face of the swash plate 3 made of a metallic base material 3a on which a shoe slides, and a resin coat layer 11 containing fluororesin is formed on the stainless steel sprayed layer 10. Therefore, the adhesion of the resin coat layer 11 containing fluororesin excellent in resistance against seizing is sufficiently secured, and the swash plate can endure the use in the swash plate compressor using carbon dioxide gas for refrigerant. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a swash plate compressor and a swash plate compressor used for an air conditioner or the like.

  A swash plate compressor is attached obliquely to a rotating shaft or inclined to a rotating shaft, and a swash plate whose inclination angle can be changed increases or decreases the volume of the partitioned space in the compressor according to the rotation of the rotating shaft. By doing so, the cooling refrigerant is expanded and compressed. Such a swash plate slides with a sealing member called a shoe and performs a confidential sealing, whereby the cooling refrigerant can be expanded and compressed in a predetermined space.

  A characteristic point of swash plate sliding is that the swash plate and the shoe slide before the lubricant reaches the initial stage of the compressor operation, so that the swash plate slides under dry sliding conditions where there is no lubricant. In addition, the gaseous refrigerant reaches the sliding surface before the lubricating oil reaches, and this has a cleaning effect on the lubricating oil remaining on the sliding surface, so that it becomes a dry atmosphere and seizure is likely to occur.

In order to deal with such problems, as a technique for surface-treating a swash plate, an aluminum or iron-based substrate, an intermediate layer mainly composed of tin, copper or metal phosphate, a thermosetting resin, molybdenum disulfide and graphite A swash plate having a sliding contact layer containing at least one solid lubricant selected from (Patent Document 1) is known. Alternatively, a copper-based or aluminum-based material is sprayed onto a substrate made of an iron-based or aluminum-based material, and the sprayed layer is coated with lead-based plating, tin-based plating, lead-tin-based plating, polytetrafluoroethylene-based coating, or MoS ₂ coating. Or the swash plate which gave MoS ₂ and graphite mixed coating is known (patent document 2).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-13638 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-199327

However, the resin coating applied to these sprayed layers or sintered layers dissipates heat generated by sliding and contributes to prevention of seizure of the resin coating, but there is a problem in adhesion to the sprayed layers or sintered layers. It was.
In addition, the conventional resin film composed of a solid lubricant such as molybdenum disulfide and fluororesin and a binder resin such as polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, phenol resin, and epoxy resin has insufficient wear resistance. There was a problem that the resin film formed by the coating agent was worn out in a short period of time and the base of the substrate was easily exposed.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to cover a swash plate formed of a metal base material of a swash plate compressor with a coating layer having excellent adhesion and wear resistance, and is also applicable to a swash plate compressor using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant. It should be possible.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a swash plate that is obliquely fixed to a rotating shaft or is attached obliquely to a rotating shaft, and a swash plate that can change an inclination angle is provided in a compressor according to the rotation of the rotating shaft. In the swash plate of the swash plate compressor that expands and compresses the cooling refrigerant by increasing or decreasing the volume of the partitioned space, the swash plate is formed of a metal base material, and the sliding surface on which the shoe slides, A configuration in which a stainless sprayed layer is formed and a resin coating layer containing a fluororesin is formed thereon is employed.

  That is, by forming a stainless sprayed layer on the sliding surface of the metal base swash plate on which the shoe slides, and forming a resin coating layer containing a fluororesin on the stainless sprayed layer, seizure resistance is improved. Adhesiveness of a resin coating layer containing an excellent fluororesin is sufficiently secured, and it can be used for a swash plate type compressor using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant.

  As the resin coating layer 11 formed on the stainless sprayed layer on the surface of the metal substrate, a layer composed of 100 parts by weight of a fluororesin, 100 to 150 parts by weight of a heat resistant resin, and 5 to 20 parts by weight of graphite powder is used. Can do.

  As the stainless steel forming the stainless sprayed layer, austenitic, ferritic and martensitic stainless steels can be used.

  The present invention also employs a configuration in which the swash plate compressor is provided with any of the swash plates described above.

  Even if the swash plate compressor uses carbon dioxide gas whose pressure in the compressor reaches 10 MPa as a refrigerant, the coating of the metal substrate of the swash plate has excellent adhesion and wear resistance and is sufficiently durable. Can be possible.

  The swash plate of the swash plate compressor according to the present invention has a stainless sprayed layer formed on the sliding surface of the metal base swash plate on which the shoe slides, and a resin coating layer containing a fluororesin is formed on the stainless sprayed layer. Since it is formed, the adhesiveness of the resin coating layer containing a fluororesin excellent in seizure resistance can be sufficiently ensured and can be used in a swash plate compressor using carbon dioxide gas as a refrigerant.

  By making the resin coating layer 100 to 150 parts by weight of heat-resistant resin and 5 to 20 parts by weight of graphite powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of fluororesin, the resin coating layer is made stronger by stainless steel. While being able to adhere to a thermal spray layer, the abrasion resistance of a resin coating layer can be improved.

  Further, since the swash plate compressor of the present invention is provided with the swash plate described above, even if it is used in a swash plate compressor that uses carbon dioxide gas as a refrigerant, the pressure in the compressor reaches 10 MPa, it can be sufficiently used. Can be.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This swash plate type compressor uses carbon dioxide gas as a refrigerant, and as shown in FIG. 1, a rotary motion of a swash plate 3 attached obliquely so as to be directly fixed to a rotary shaft 2 in a housing 1 where the refrigerant exists. Is converted into a reciprocating motion of a double-headed piston 5 through shoes 4 sliding on both side surfaces of the swash plate 3, and on both sides of each piston 5 in a cylinder bore 6 formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the housing 1. The rotary shaft 2 that is a swash plate type that compresses and expands the refrigerant and is driven to rotate at high speed is supported by the needle roller bearing 7 in the radial direction and supported by the thrust needle roller bearing 8 in the thrust direction. Has been.

  Each piston 5 is formed with a recess 5a so as to straddle the outer periphery of the swash plate 3, and a hemispherical shoe 4 is seated on a spherical seat 9 formed on the axially opposed surface of the recess 5a. The shoe 4 is also spherical and supports the piston 5 so as to be movable relative to the rotation of the swash plate 3. Thereby, the conversion from the rotational movement of the swash plate 3 to the reciprocating movement of the piston 5 is performed smoothly.

  The base material 3a of the swash plate 3 is made of steel, and as shown in FIG. 2, a stainless sprayed layer 10 is formed on both side surfaces of the base material 3a on which the shoe 4 slides. The resin coating layer 11 to be contained is formed.

  The stainless sprayed layer 10 of the present invention is a general stainless steel blend, but is preferably an austenitic, ferrite, or martensitic system that can be easily processed as a thermal spray wire. The thickness of the sprayed layer 10 is not particularly limited, but if the thickness is 10 μm or less, local ground exposure occurs in the layer, and a uniform sprayed layer cannot be obtained, and if the thickness is 500 μm or more, the layer thickness is Since variation becomes large, the range of 10 μm to 500 μm, more specifically 20 μm to 200 μm is preferable, and more preferably 50 μm to 100 μm.

The resin coating layer 11 of the present invention is a film obtained by binding a fluororesin and graphite powder with a heat resistant resin. Any fluororesin can be used as long as it has low friction and heat resistance that can withstand the operating temperature atmosphere. Specifically, polytetrafluoroethylene (melting point 327 ° C., continuous use temperature 260 ° C., PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (melting point 270 ° C., continuous use temperature 200 ° C.), tetrafluoroethylene-par Fluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (melting point 310 ° C, continuous use temperature 260 ° C), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (melting point 270 ° C, continuous use temperature 150 ° C), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (melting point 210 ° C, continuous use) Temperature 120 ° C), ethylene
And chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (melting point: 240 ° C., continuous use temperature: 150 ° C.). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds of copolymers or terpolymers. Among these, PTFE can be suitably used because it has high heat resistance, low friction, and relatively low cost. When PTFE is used, it is particularly preferable to use lubricant powder PTFE. As commercial products of powder PTFE for lubricant, Polyflon M15, Lubron L-2 (trade name, manufactured by Daikin Industries), Teflon TLP-10 (trade name, manufactured by DuPont), Fluon G163 (trade name, manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), etc. Can be mentioned. As the powder PTFE for the lubricant, a regenerated PTFE obtained by pulverizing PTFE that has been fired once is subjected to a radiation irradiation treatment or an electron beam irradiation treatment to reduce the molecular weight. An example is KTL610 manufactured by Kitamura. The form of PTFE may be a molding powder or a so-called solid lubricant fine powder. The average particle size is 0.1 μm to 20 μm, preferably 0.
. It is in the range of 2 μm to 10 μm. When the average particle size is within this range, aggregation or the like does not occur in the paint, and the smoothness of the coating film after coating, drying and baking is maintained.

  As heat-resistant resin, use heat-resistant resin that does not deteriorate during use, and any synthetic resin that can firmly bind the fluororesin and firmly adhere the resin coating layer to the stainless sprayed layer. Can do. Specific examples include polyimide resins, epoxy resins, phenol resins, and silicone resins. Among these, polyimide resins are preferable because they have excellent adhesion to the stainless sprayed layer and high heat resistance.

  The polyimide resin that can be used in the present invention is a resin having at least an imide bond in the molecule, and examples thereof include a polyimide resin, a polyamideimide resin, a polyesterimide resin, and a polyesteramideimide resin. Of these polyimide resins, polyimide resins and polyamideimide resins are preferred. In addition, an aromatic polyimide resin or an aromatic polyamideimide resin in which an imide bond or an amide bond is bonded via an aromatic group is particularly preferable.

  In the resin coating layer 11 containing a fluororesin, it is desirable to blend graphite powder as an abrasion resistance imparting agent. The average particle size of the graphite powder that can be used in the present invention may be any particle size, for example, 0.1 μm to 20 μm, specifically 1 μm to 10 μm, more preferably 2 μm to 10 μm. is there. If the average particle size is less than 0.1 μm, the particles are aggregated to deteriorate the dispersibility, and if it exceeds 20 μm, the wear resistance of the resin coating layer becomes unstable.

  The blending ratio of each component of the resin coating layer 11 is 100 to 150 parts by weight of the heat resistant resin and 5 to 20 parts by weight of the graphite powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of the fluororesin. By blending the respective components in this range, the function can be exhibited using the heat resistant resin as a binder, the fluororesin as a lubricant, and the graphite powder as an abrasion resistance improver. When the amount is less than 5 parts by weight of the graphite powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of the fluororesin, the wear resistance is not improved, and when it exceeds 20 parts by weight, the adhesion between the base and the coating layer is lowered.

  As a method for forming the resin coating layer 11, various methods such as a dipping method (dip coating method), a spray coating method (atomization coating method), a dispensing method, a roll method, and the like can be employed.

  In the spray coating method, the thickness of the coating film can be formed with high accuracy. The resin coating layer applied by these methods is preferably 5 to 50 μm in thickness after firing. If the layer thickness is less than 5 μm, local wear may occur when the resin coating layer comes into contact with each other. If the layer thickness exceeds 50 μm, the resin coating layer is likely to be peeled off. It is not preferable. In addition, the suitable layer thickness range of a resin coating layer is 10-40 micrometers.

  In the above-described embodiment, the swash plate type swash plate compressor is configured such that the shoes slide on both sides of the swash plate. However, the swash plate of the swash plate compressor according to the present invention is of a swash plate type. In addition, the present invention can be applied to all types of swash plate compressors such as a shoe that slides only on one side of a swash plate, and a swash plate that is attached to a rotating shaft via a connecting member.

  After a metal (S45C, φ60 mm × thickness 6 mm) disk sliding member was degreased, stainless steel spraying 200 μm was performed, and the thickness was processed to 80 μm by turning to obtain a disk with a sprayed layer.

A resin coating layer having a blending ratio shown in Table 1 was provided on this thermal sprayed disk. The resin coating layer is obtained by preparing an enamel liquid having a blending ratio shown in Table 1, forming a coating film by spray coating, and firing at 240 ° C. The following raw materials were used for each solid content of the resin coating layer.
(1) PTFE: Recycled PTFE radiation irradiated material (2) PAI: PAI varnish dispersed with N-methylpyrrolidone (3) Graphite powder: Artificial graphite having an average particle size of 10 μm Bearing against the obtained disk-shaped test piece A frictional wear test was performed under the conditions shown below using a thrust type testing machine (3 shoe-on-type) with steel shoes (3 pieces) as the counterpart material. The results are also shown in Table 1.

[Test conditions]
Testing machine: NTN thrust type testing machine Surface pressure: 10MPa
Sliding speed: 200m / min
Lubrication condition: Yes (Sliding surface wet with PAG refrigerating machine oil)
Test time: 5 minutes

In the example in which stainless steel was formed on the sprayed layer, the friction coefficient was almost stable from the beginning to 5 minutes later, and the wear amount was small.
On the other hand, in each of the comparative examples, a portion where the resin coating layer was peeled off from the sprayed layer was observed.

  From the above results, the swash plate in which the stainless sprayed layer according to the present invention is formed on the base of the sliding surface enhances the adhesion of the resin coating layer containing a fluororesin having excellent seizure resistance, and the refrigerator oil is depleted. It was confirmed that this is an effective measure to obtain a stable boundary lubrication state.

  Further, even a carbon dioxide refrigerant type swash plate type compressor in which the inside of the compressor is close to 10 MPa can be used.

A longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a swash plate compressor Sectional drawing which expands and shows the swash plate of FIG. Partial cutaway side view of the swash plate of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Housing 2 Rotating shaft 3 Swash plate 4 Shoe 5 Piston 5a Recess 6 Cylinder bore 7 Needle roller bearing 8 Thrust needle roller bearing 9 Spherical seat 10 Stainless sprayed layer 11 Resin coating layer

Claims (5)

  Cooling is achieved by increasing or decreasing the volume of the partitioned space in the compressor according to the rotation of the rotating shaft. In a swash plate of a swash plate compressor that performs expansion and compression of refrigerant, the swash plate is formed of a metal base material, a stainless sprayed layer is formed on a sliding surface on which the shoe slides, and a fluororesin is formed thereon. A swash plate for a swash plate compressor, wherein a resin coating layer is formed.   The swash plate for a swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein the resin coating layer comprises 100 parts by weight of a fluororesin, 100 to 150 parts by weight of a heat resistant resin, and 5 to 20 parts by weight of graphite powder.   3. The swash plate for a swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein the stainless steel forming the stainless sprayed layer is an austenitic, ferritic, or martensitic stainless steel.   A swash plate compressor comprising the swash plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The swash plate compressor according to claim 4, wherein the swash plate compressor uses a carbon dioxide refrigerant.

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