JP2007299546A - Planar heating element - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a planar heating element capable of changing heating capability without using a control device. <P>SOLUTION: This planar heating element includes: at least three first to third electrodes E1 to E3 formed on a substrate 1; and a plurality of first and second resistance heating elements R1 and R2 formed between the first to third electrodes E1 to E3 on the substrate 1 and generating heat by being supplied with power from the first to third electrodes E1 to E3; and is structured such that the heat generation capability in the first and second resistance heating elements R1 and R2 can be changed by changing the combination of the electrodes for carrying current thereto within the first to third electrodes E1 to E3. According to this structure, by adding at least one electrode between a pair of conventional pectinate electrodes and by changing the combination of the electrodes for carrying current thereto within the electrodes E1 to E3, the heat generation part is changed, and the heat generation capability can be changed only by switch changeover without using a control device. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a planar heating element, and more particularly to a planar heating element having a structure in which a plurality of resistance heating elements are formed between a pair of electrodes arranged in a comb shape.

As a conventional technique, as shown in the following Patent Document 1, a structure in which a plurality of resistance heating elements are arranged between a pair of electrodes arranged in a comb-like shape, and the resistance heating element generates heat by energizing between the electrodes. There is.
JP 2003-217904 A

  However, the planar heating element of the above prior art has a problem that a control device is required to vary the heat generation capacity. The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems existing in the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a planar heating element capable of varying the heat generation capacity without using a control device. There is to do.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs technical means described in claims 1 to 4. That is, in the invention according to claim 1, at least three first to third electrodes (E1 to E3) formed on the substrate (1),
A plurality of first and second resistance heating elements (R1) are formed between the first to third electrodes (E1 to E3) on the substrate (1) and generate heat by being fed from the first to third electrodes (E1 to E3). , R2)
The heat generation capability of the first and second resistance heating elements (R1, R2) is varied by changing the combination of the electrodes to be energized among the first to third electrodes (E1 to E3).

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, at least one electrode is added between the pair of conventional comb-like electrodes, and the combination of electrodes to be energized among these electrodes (E1 to E3) is switched. As a result, the heat generating portion can be changed and the heat generating capacity can be varied only by switching without using the control device.

  In the invention according to claim 2, in the planar heating element according to claim 1, the first resistance heating element (R1) disposed between the first electrode (E1) and the third electrode (E3). The second resistance heating element (R2) disposed between the second electrode (E2) and the third electrode (E3) is a resistance heating element having a different calorific value.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, for example, if the heat generation capacity is the first resistance heating element (R1) <the second resistance heating element (R2), only the first resistance heating element (R1) generates heat <second. Only the resistance heating element (R2) generates heat <the first and second resistance heating elements (R1, R2) generate heat, and the heat generation capability can be varied in at least three stages.

  In the invention according to claim 3, in the planar heating element according to claim 1 or 2, the first electrode (E1) and the third electrode (E3) via the first resistance heating element (R1). ) And the distance (d2) between the second electrode (E2) and the third electrode (E3) via the second resistance heating element (R2) are made different. It is characterized by.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, even if the first resistance heating element (R1) and the second resistance heating element (R2) are resistance heating elements having the same heat generation capacity per unit area, the resistance heating element has a voltage. By making the distance between the electrodes to apply different, the greater the distance between the electrodes, the greater the resistance between the electrodes and the lower the heat generation capability. Accordingly, as in the second aspect described above, for example, only the first resistance heating element (R1) generates heat <the second resistance heating element (R2) generates heat <the first and second resistance heating elements (R1, R2) generate heat. Then, the heat generation capability can be varied in at least three stages.

  In the invention according to claim 4, in the planar heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, any one of the first to third electrodes (E1 to E3) is provided. A part of the two electrodes has a two-layer structure with an insulating member (I) interposed therebetween.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, by forming a part of any two of the three first to third electrodes (E1 to E3) into a two-layer structure, Since the first and second resistance heating elements (R1, R2) can be arranged between the remaining one electrode, the heating elements and the electrodes can be arranged efficiently and compactly. Incidentally, the reference numerals in parentheses of the above means are examples showing the correspondence with the specific means described in the embodiments described later.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention (application example of claims 1 to 3) will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1 or FIG. FIG. 1 is a partial transmission plan view for explaining the arrangement of electrodes E1 to E3 and resistance heating elements R1 and R2 in the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. is there.

  The planar heater (planar heating element) of the present embodiment is used for floor heating, drying, automobile defrosters, and the like. As shown in FIG. 2, the planar heater has a structure in which three electrodes E1 to E3 and two resistance heating elements R1 and R2 are formed between these electrodes on a substrate 1.

  The substrate 1 is, for example, a polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as PET) film having a thickness of about 200 μm. The substrate 1 may be a ceramic or an insulating metal plate, and does not ask the material or manufacturing method. The electrodes E1 to E3 are formed by screen-printing and drying a conductive paste obtained by dispersing conductive particles such as silver or carbon black in a resin solution on the substrate 1. In addition, a copper foil tape etc. may be used for the electrodes E1-E3, and it does not ask | require a material and a manufacturing method.

  As a feature of this embodiment, the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 as a pair of electrodes have a shape in which a comb shape is abutted, and a third electrode E3 is added between the pair of electrodes. Forming. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the third electrode E3 is formed by sewing between the comb teeth protruding from the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2. In addition, as the resistance heating elements R1 and R2, in this embodiment, the conductive ink composition is printed or applied on the substrate 1 to form a PTC heating element as a coating film having an arbitrary thickness and shape (see FIG. The shaded area shown in FIG.

  This is a PTC using a polymer base polymer composed of a crystalline resin such as an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and a polyethylene resin, or a conductive material such as carbon black, metal powder or graphite dispersed in a solvent. (Positive Temperature Coefficient, positive temperature coefficient) This is an ink for a heating element.

  This conductive ink composition can form a coating film exhibiting steep PTC characteristics as the temperature rises. This PTC characteristic is manifested when the chain of the conductive material is broken by the volume expansion of the crystalline polymer due to the temperature rise, and the resistance increases accordingly. This is conventionally used as a special shape, a small heating element, or an overcurrent protection element.

  This may also be a resistance heating element of another material, and does not ask for the material or the manufacturing method. As another feature of the present embodiment, between the three electrodes E1 to E3, the first resistance heating element R1, the second electrode E2, and the third electrode E3 are provided between the first electrode E1 and the third electrode E3. The second resistance heating element R2 and the resistance heating elements R1 and R2 having different calorific values are formed therebetween. This may be because the heat generating ink having different characteristics may be printed separately for the R1 portion and the R2 portion, or the printing thickness of the heat generating ink may be made different by, for example, printing twice or partially. good.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the distance d1 between the first electrode E1 and the third electrode E3 via the first resistance heating element R1, and the second resistance heating element R2 via the second resistance heating element R2. The energization resistance between the electrodes is made different by making the distance d2 between the two electrodes E2 and the third electrode E3 different so that the heat generation amounts of the resistance heating elements R1 and R2 are different.

  Although only partially shown in FIG. 1, a plurality (large number) of resistance heating elements R1 and R2 are formed in the longitudinal direction of the electrode. Then, on the electrodes E1 to E3 and the resistance heating elements R1 and R2 formed on the substrate 1, as shown in FIG. 2, it is covered and protected by a covering material 2 such as a PET film with an adhesive. Yes. The resin of the covering material 2 is not limited to PET, and polyurethane resin, polyester resin, acrylic resin, or the like may be used.

  Further, a power supply terminal portion (not shown) that supplies power to the electrodes E1 to E3 on the substrate 1 has a structure in which the electrodes E1 to E3 formed on the substrate 1 are sandwiched between a flat metal electrode terminal and a metal plate. It has become. A core wire of a power cord (lead wire) (not shown) is connected to the electrode terminal by soldering or the like, and electricity supplied to the power cord is connected to the electrodes E1 to E3 on the substrate 1 in contact with the electrode terminal. The voltage from such as can be applied.

  More specifically, when a voltage is applied between these electrodes with the third electrode E3 on the plus side and the first electrode E1 on the minus side, the first resistance heating element R1 is energized and generates heat. When the minus side is switched from the first electrode E1 to the second electrode E2 with a switch or the like, the second resistance heating element R2 is energized and generates heat.

  Thus, for example, if the amount of heat generated by the second resistance heating element R2 is larger than that of the first resistance heating element R1, the energization is switched from the first electrode E1 to the second electrode E2, and the heating section is changed to the first resistance heating element. By switching from the body R1 to the second resistance heating element R2, it is possible to easily change the heating capacity.

  Further, when switching is made so that both the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 are energized on the negative side, both the first resistance heating element R1 and the second resistance heating element R2 generate heat, and the heat generation capacity is maximized. Can be varied. Incidentally, there may be a pattern in which a voltage is applied between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 that have been set to the minus side in the above operation, with either being set to the plus side.

  In this pattern, both the first resistance heating element R1 and the second resistance heating element R2 generate heat. However, since the distance between the electrodes is electrically d1 + d2 as described above, the energization resistance is increased. All of the heating elements R1 and R2 can be heated with a low calorific value.

  Next, features and effects of this embodiment will be described. First, a plurality of first to third electrodes E1 to E3 formed on the substrate 1 and a plurality of first to third electrodes E1 to E3 on the substrate 1 are formed, and the first to third electrodes E1 to E3 are formed. The first and second resistance heating elements R1 and R2 are supplied with power from E3 and generate heat, and the first and second resistance heating elements are changed by changing the combination of the electrodes to be energized among the first to third electrodes E1 to E3. The heat generation capability of the bodies R1, R2 is made variable.

  According to this, by adding at least one electrode between a pair of conventional comb-like electrodes and switching the combination of electrodes to be energized among these electrodes E1 to E3, the heat generating part is switched. It becomes possible to change the heat generation capacity only by switching the switch without using a control device.

  Further, the first resistance heating element R1 disposed between the first electrode E1 and the third electrode E3 and the second resistance heating element R2 disposed between the second electrode E2 and the third electrode E3 are heated. Different resistance heating elements. According to this, for example, if the heat generation capacity is the first resistance heating element R1 <the second resistance heating element R2, only the first resistance heating element R1 generates heat <the second resistance heating element R2 generates heat <the first and second resistances Both the heating elements R1 and R2 can generate heat and change the heat generation capability in at least three stages.

  Further, the distance d1 between the first electrode E1 and the third electrode E3 via the first resistance heating element R1 and the distance between the second electrode E2 and the third electrode E3 via the second resistance heating element R2 The interval d2 is set to be different. According to this, even if the first resistance heating element R1 and the second resistance heating element R2 are resistance heating elements having the same heat generation capacity per unit area, the distance between the electrodes to which the voltage is applied to the resistance heating element is different. By doing so, the greater the distance between the electrodes, the greater the resistance between the electrodes and the lower the heat generation capacity.

  Thus, similarly to the above-described feature, for example, only the first resistance heating element R1 generates heat <the second resistance heating element R2 generates heat <the first and second resistance heating elements R1 and R2 generate heat, and the heat generation capability in at least three stages. Can be varied.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a partially transparent plan view for explaining the arrangement of the electrodes E1 to E3 and the resistance heating elements R1 and R2 in the second embodiment of the present invention (application example of claim 4). Features that are different from the first embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, a part of any two of the first to third electrodes E1 to E3 has a two-layer structure with the insulating member I interposed therebetween.

  In the example shown in FIG. 3, the second and third electrodes E2 and E3 are configured on one side, and an insulating member I such as a PET film is provided between the overlapping portions of the second electrode E2 and the third electrode E3. It is insulated by pinching. Others are the same as in the first embodiment in operation.

  According to this, by forming a part of any two of the three first to third electrodes E1 to E3 into a two-layer structure, the second electrode is interposed between any two electrodes and the remaining one electrode. Since the first and second resistance heating elements R1 and R2 can be arranged, the heating elements and the electrodes can be arranged efficiently and compactly.

(Other embodiments)
In the above-described embodiment, the first to third electrodes E1 to E3 are configured. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the third electrode E3 is connected to one end in the longitudinal direction of the electrode. It may be configured by four or more electrodes, for example, divided into a zone on the side and a zone on the other end side so that the calorific value can be varied for each zone. Further, the amount of heat generated may be switched in three or more fine steps by combining four or more electrodes and a resistance heating element between them.

It is a partial transmission top view explaining arrangement | positioning with the electrodes E1-E3 and resistance heating element R1, R2 in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is AA sectional drawing in FIG. It is a partial transmission top view explaining arrangement | positioning with the electrodes E1-E3 and resistance heating element R1, R2 in 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Base material 2 ... Coating | covering material E1 ... 1st electrode E2 ... 2nd electrode E3 ... 3rd electrode d1, d2 ... Space | interval I ... Insulation member R1 ... 1st resistance heating element R2 ... 1st resistance heating element

Claims (4)

At least three first to third electrodes (E1 to E3) formed on the substrate (1);
A plurality of first and second resistance heating elements are formed between the first to third electrodes (E1 to E3) on the substrate (1) and generate heat by being fed from the first to third electrodes (E1 to E3). Body (R1, R2),
The heat generating capacity of the first and second resistance heating elements (R1, R2) can be varied by changing the combination of the energized electrodes among the first to third electrodes (E1 to E3). Heating element.   Between the first resistance heating element (R1) disposed between the first electrode (E1) and the third electrode (E3), and between the second electrode (E2) and the third electrode (E3). 2. The planar heating element according to claim 1, wherein the second resistance heating element (R <b> 2) disposed in the area is a resistance heating element having a different calorific value.   The distance (d1) between the first electrode (E1) and the third electrode (E3) through the first resistance heating element (R1), and the above-mentioned through the second resistance heating element (R2). The planar heating element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a distance (d2) between the second electrode (E2) and the third electrode (E3) is different.   A part of any two of the first to third electrodes (E1 to E3) has a two-layer structure through an insulating member (I). The planar heating element according to any one of the above.

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