JP2007292640A - Transportation package testing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact, lightweight and inexpensive transportation package testing device capable of carrying out a simultaneous vibration test in respective vertical, lateral and longitudinal directions, i.e. in X, Y, Z-directional three axes, hardly receiving a limitation of a testing place, and capable of carrying out a test operation widely ranging over from a light object to a heavy object. <P>SOLUTION: A vibration block 33 is horizontally supported on a frame 30 through coiled springs 34, the testing object 48 is formed holdably on the vibration block 33 by a holding tool 41, a central oscillation machine 35 is suspended in the central part of a vibration block 33 reverse face to generate respective vertical and lateral-directional vibrations under the condition where a rotation axis is longitudinal-directionally horizontal, a pair of left and right oscillation machines 36 is suspended in left and right positions of the central part of the vibration block 33 reverse face to generate longitudinal-directional vibration under the condition where the rotation axis is lateral-directionally horizontal, and the vibration block 33 is vibrated simultaneously along the vertical, lateral and longitudinal directions, based on vertical, lateral and longitudinal-directional composition vibration by the central oscillation machine 35 and the left and right oscillation machines 36, by controlling the central oscillation machine 35 and the left and right oscillation machines 36 with an oscillation machine control part 46. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a transportation packaging test apparatus useful for simulating and testing various products and packages, in particular, heavy loads subjected to simulated vibrations in various transportation environments and usage environments.

Patent Document 1 describes a vibration test apparatus. In this apparatus, the vibration table 4 is vibrated only in the X direction (left-right direction), only in the Y direction (front-rear direction), only in the Z direction (up-down direction), and any of these two-dimensional or three-dimensional vibrations. Thus, the test object on the shaking table can be vibrated and tested.
And in order to obtain the vibration of each direction of XYZ, each is equipped with a dedicated vibration generator, and three vibration generators are required.
For this reason, it is inevitable that the equipment machine will become larger and heavier, and foundation construction and anchoring at the installation site are necessary, which is expensive.
Also, because of the large size and weight, there are problems that cannot be tested everywhere.
By the way, when various goods and packages such as packages are transported by truck, etc., synthetic vibrations such as vertical vibrations due to road surface unevenness and steps, left and right vibrations when driving on a curve, longitudinal vibrations during acceleration and deceleration, etc. Be loaded. Incidentally, as a packaged cargo-vibration test method, JIS Z 0232-2004 has provisions on a test method for evaluating the vibration resistance of the contents or package against vertical vibrations that the packaged cargo receives during the transportation process.
In such a case, the adjacent transported goods or the merchandise and the package may be rubbed and damaged, and the merchandise value is lost.
Such a test is performed with the vibration test apparatus of Patent Document 1 described above, or is actually transported by a truck or the like to perform an actual vehicle test. The former has the disadvantages described above, and the latter has a driving method. There are inconveniences such as a large difference in test results depending on the transportation environment conditions, a lot of labor and cost, difficulty in grasping data during the test, and a large risk burden.
The inventor of the present application repeatedly tested the highway and the general road including the unpaved road, and as a result, the approximate ratio of the average value of the vibrations in the up / down / left / right / front / back directions received by the load on the carrier is 10 It was found that the left / right amplitude was 8 and the front / rear amplitude was 2.
Further, when the weight of the test object reaches about 100 kg, not only the vibration table that receives the test object, but also the holder that fixes the heavy test object on the vibration table is increased in strength so as not to be damaged.
Such an increase in strength leads to an increase in the weight of the shaking table and the holding tool, and a vibration testing device in which a vibrator is suspended at the center of the back surface of the shaking table strengthened as a heavy article-compatible type of about 100 kg. As a result, when the three-axis combined vibration in each direction, up, down, left, and right, which had been obtained up to a light weight of about 50 kg, the weight of the test object becomes about 100 kg. It was found that only biaxial combined vibrations in the left and right directions can be obtained, vibrations in the front and rear directions cannot be obtained, and triaxial combined vibrations including the front and rear directions cannot be obtained.
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-91080

  The problem to be solved is, firstly, the three-axis simultaneous vibration test of XYZ in each of the vertical and horizontal directions, that is, XYZ is possible. Moreover, it is small and lightweight, is inexpensive and is not subject to restrictions on the test place. A transport packaging test apparatus capable of performing a wide range of test operations up to an object, secondly, a transport packaging test apparatus with high accuracy of vibration test data in each direction of up, down, left, and right, front and rear, and third, An object of the present invention is to provide a transport packaging test apparatus capable of obtaining vibration test data in accordance with an actual vehicle test in a simulated manner.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is characterized by the following configuration.
1. On the gantry, the vibration table is supported horizontally via coil springs at the four corners of the back surface of the vibration table, and the test surface is formed on the table surface portion of the upper surface of the vibration table so that it can be held by a holder. Vibration in the vertical, horizontal, and horizontal directions at a frequency corresponding to the rotational speed due to the weight unbalance between the rotary shaft of the rotary drive unit whose rotation axis is horizontal in the front-rear direction and the front and rear eccentric flywheels integrally linked to both ends of the rotary shaft. At the left and right positions of the center of the rear surface of the vibration table, the rotation axis of the rotation drive unit is horizontal in the left and right direction. Provided on the rotation drive unit built-in side in a pair of left and right vibrators that generate vibration in the front-rear direction with a frequency commensurate with the rotation speed due to the weight unbalance between the rotation shaft and the eccentric flywheel integrally linked to the rotation shaft It's Are attached so that the rotation axis of the left and right vibrators coincides with the coaxial line, and the rotation drive part of the central vibrator can be controlled to rotate forward and backward, and left and right vibrations can be controlled. By providing a vibration exciter control unit capable of controlling rotation of the rotation drive unit in the same rotation direction and at the same rotation speed, combined vibration in each of the upper, lower, left, and right front-rear directions by the central shaker and the left and right shakers The vibration table is formed so as to vibrate simultaneously in three axes.
2. In 1 described above, the front and rear eccentric flywheel internal parts and the left and right vibrators in the central vibrator are suspended in a symmetrical manner with respect to the center axis of the vibration table.
3. In 1 or 2 described above, a vibration adjustment weight portion is appropriately disposed on a side edge portion of the vibration table so that the amplitude ratios of the vibration table in the vertical and horizontal directions can be finely adjusted.
4). In any one of the above items 1 to 3, the amplitude ratio of the shaking table in the vertical and horizontal directions is approximately 10: 8: 2.

In the present invention, left and right refer to the left and right (left direction and right direction with respect to the forward direction of the vehicle), and front and rear refer to the front and rear with respect to left and right (forward direction and reverse direction of the vehicle). The top and bottom are the top and bottom. The three-axis simultaneous vibration refers to a combined vibration in which vibrations in the respective directions (X, Y, Z) in the left, right, front, rear, and top are combined. The shaking table center-of-gravity axis indicates the vertical axis passing through the center of gravity of the horizontal shaking table.
The vibration table may be square, rectangular or circular in plan view, and is not limited as long as it has a table surface on which a test object can be placed. The holder may hold the test object in a fixed state, or may hold the test object in a floating state. The coil spring supports the vibration table and the test object held on the bed, and reduces or absorbs vibration of the bed, thereby minimizing or eliminating the influence on the frame. The table surface part and / or the holder in the shaking table is electrostatically treated by attaching an electrostatic sheet to the contact surface with the test object, and static electricity is generated between the table surface part and the holder and the test object during the test. It may or may not take electrostatic countermeasures so that it does not easily occur.

The central vibrator attached to the rear surface of the shaking table may be suspended at the center of the rear surface, or suspended so that the front and rear eccentric flywheel internal parts are axially symmetrical with respect to the center of gravity of the vibrating table. May be. Similarly, the pair of left and right vibrators attached to the rear surface of the vibration table may be hung from the left and right at the center of the rear surface, or the left and right vibration devices may be symmetrical with respect to the center of gravity of the vibration table. It may be hung on.
Also, the front and rear eccentric flywheel internal parts and the left and right shakers in the central shaker are suspended so as to be axisymmetric with respect to the center of gravity of the vibration table, that is, the center of gravity of the central shaker and the left and right excitations. The center of gravity between the machines may or may not be in balance with each other on the vibration table center of gravity axis.

The central exciter has a central rotary drive part built-in part and front and rear eccentric flywheel built-in parts, a rotary shaft of a rotary drive part such as a motor, and front and rear eccentric flywheels integrally linked to both ends of the rotary shaft. This is a rotary vibration generator that generates two-axis combined vibration in the vertical and horizontal directions at a frequency commensurate with the number of rotations due to the weight unbalance of the motor. By attaching to the shaking table, the biaxial combined vibration in the vertical and horizontal directions by swinging the front and rear eccentric flywheels is loaded on the shaking table, and the bed is vibrated simultaneously in the vertical and horizontal directions. Any object can be used as long as it can vibrate vertically and horizontally. The rotation direction and the number of rotations of the front and rear eccentric flywheels are the same as the rotation axis of the rotation drive unit.
The rotation drive unit in this central shaker only needs to be able to rotate forward and reverse by receiving a signal from the shaker control unit. During normal rotation (right rotation), the specimen on the shaking table moves up, down, left, right The test object on the shaking table is swung to the right while being bi-axially vibrated in both the upper, lower, left and right directions during reverse rotation (left rotation). It will be.

Each of the pair of left and right vibrators has a built-in rotation drive unit and a built-in eccentric flywheel unit, and the weight unbalance between the rotation shaft of the rotation drive unit such as a motor and the eccentric flywheel integrally linked to the rotation shaft This is a rotary vibration generator that generates vibrations in the front-rear direction at a frequency commensurate with the number of rotations. By attaching the vibrator so that the axis of rotation of the shaker is coaxial with the horizontal axis and presents a horizontal shape, the vibrations of the eccentric flywheel are loaded with vibrations in the front-rear direction due to the swinging motion of the swinging wheel. Can be vibrated at the same time back and forth so that the test object on the bed can be vibrated back and forth. The rotational direction and the rotational speed of the rotating shaft and the eccentric flywheel in the pair of left and right shakers are the same upon receiving a signal from the shaker control unit. If the left and right vibrators have different rotation directions and rotation speeds, rotation around the shaking table center of gravity axis, that is, twisting, is not suitable.

The vibration exciter control unit only needs to be capable of forward / reverse rotation control of at least the rotation drive unit of the central vibration exciter and rotation control of the rotation drive units of the left and right shakers in the same rotation direction and the same rotation speed. The vibration exciter control unit may be provided on the gantry or may be provided on a separate dedicated stand.
The vibration adjustment weight portion may be of a weight that can be finely adjusted in the amplitude ratio in each direction of the vibration table in the vertical and horizontal directions by being appropriately disposed on the side edge of the vibration table. When it is disposed at the left or right edge, the left / right amplitude is suppressed.

A. According to claim 1, the vibration table is vibrated in the vertical and horizontal directions by the central vibrator suspended in the center of the back surface of the vibration table and in the longitudinal direction by a pair of left and right vibrators similarly suspended on the back surface. Since the three-axis simultaneous vibration is generated by the combined vibration in the respective directions of up, down, left, and right, and the three-axis simultaneous vibration test can be performed from a light object to a heavy object held on the vibration table.
The vibration of the vibration table is absorbed by the coil spring and does not reach the frame, and the three-axis simultaneous vibration test can be performed by simultaneously vibrating the test object in the vertical and horizontal directions on the vibration table.
By rotating the rotation drive part forward and backward, the test object is swung left or right while simultaneously vibrating three axes, and when traveling on the left curve or right curve during transportation by truck, freight car, ship, etc. Similar data can be obtained.
In addition, it is small and lightweight and inexpensive, and it is sufficient to have a space for the gantry, and it is difficult to be restricted by the test place.
Therefore, it is possible to perform a three-axis simultaneous vibration test from a light test specimen to a test specimen with a weight of about 100 kg, verification of damage to equipment and products, verification of retort pack pinholes, verification of darkness and peeling of labels, printing section It is useful for various applications such as verification of rubbing and disappearance, crack verification of tablets and biscuits, and selection of packaging materials and packing materials.
B. According to claim 2, the center of gravity balance of the shaking table is further suspended by suspending the front and rear eccentric flywheel internal parts of the central shaker and the left and right shakers symmetrically with respect to the back surface of the shaking table. That is, since the horizontal balance is maintained, the accuracy of the vibration test data in each direction of up, down, left, and right is high.
C. According to claims 3 and 4, the vibration test data according to the actual vehicle test can be simulated in the test room by appropriately finely adjusting the amplitude ratio of the shaking table in the vertical and horizontal directions, and most of the transportation means In addition to the trucks it occupies, it is possible to respond by grasping in advance transport data by freight cars or ships.

1 to 5 exemplify an embodiment of the transport packaging test apparatus according to the present invention. A gantry 30 is provided with casters 31 with locks at the four corners of the bottom and fixedly adjustable up and down on the sides of the casters. A leg 32 is provided, which is easy to move and to stop at an arbitrary position.
Then, the vibration table 33 is supported horizontally on the upper surface portion 30a of the frame 30 through the coil springs 34 at the four corners on the back surface of the vibration table, so that the central vibrator 35 suspended on the rear surface of the frame 30 and a pair of left and right excitations are provided. The vibration of the vibration table 33 generated by the operation of the vibrator 36 is absorbed by the coil spring 34 and is not transmitted to the frame 30. Further, a vibration sensor 33e is provided on the rear surface of the vibration table 33 to detect vibrations in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), the horizontal direction (X-axis direction), and the front-back direction (Y-axis direction). By being sent to the vibration exciter control unit 46, amplitudes in the respective directions of the vibration table 33 in the vertical and horizontal directions are displayed on the liquid crystal touch panel 47.

The central vibrator 35 includes a central rotation drive unit built-in unit 35a and front and rear eccentric flywheel built-in units 35b, and the rotation axis 35d of the rotation drive unit 35c whose horizontal axis is horizontal in the front-rear direction and the rotation shaft 35d. It is configured to generate a vibration having a frequency corresponding to the rotational speed due to the weight unbalance with the front and rear eccentric flywheels 35e linked to the front and rear ends in an integrally interlocked manner, that is, a combined vibration in the vertical and horizontal directions. Further, the combined vibration can be finely or finely adjusted by increasing or decreasing the degree of eccentricity of the front and rear eccentric flywheels 35e by rotating the adjustment knob 35g. The rotation drive unit 35c in the central shaker 35 receives a signal from the shaker control unit 46 provided in the gantry 30 and rotates in the forward and reverse directions. The eccentric flywheel 35e is rotated at the same rotational speed in the same rotational direction.
The central vibrator 35 has a mounting leg 35f provided on the side of the rotation drive unit built-in portion 35a at the center of the rear surface of the vibration table 33, the rotation axis of the rotation drive unit 35c is horizontal in the front-rear direction, and front and rear eccentric flywheels. It is generated by the operation of the central shaker 35 by adjusting the balance of the center of gravity and attaching it with a fixture such as a bolt so that the internal organs 35b is axisymmetric with respect to the vibration table center of gravity axis a. Based on the combined vibration in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction) and the horizontal direction (X-axis direction), the vibration table 33 vibrates simultaneously in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.

The pair of left and right vibrators 36 includes a rotation drive unit built-in unit 36a and an eccentric flywheel built-in unit 36b, and the rotation axis 36d of the rotation drive unit 36c whose horizontal axis is horizontal in the left-right direction is integrally linked to the rotation shaft 36d. A vibration having a frequency corresponding to the rotation speed due to a weight imbalance with the eccentric flywheel 36e linked in a shape, that is, a vibration in the front-rear direction is generated. In addition, the degree of eccentricity of the eccentric flywheel 36e can be increased or decreased by turning the adjustment knob 36g so that the vibration can be finely adjusted to be large or small. The rotation driving unit 36c in the left and right vibration exciters 36 can be rotated by receiving a signal from the vibration exciter control unit 46, and can rotate at the same rotational speed in the same rotational direction.
Such left and right vibrators 36 have mounting legs 36f erected on the side of each rotation drive section built-in section 36a on the left and right sides of the center shaker 35 on the back surface of the vibration table 33, and the left and right rotation drive sections 36c. Fixing fixtures such as bolts by adjusting the balance of the center of gravity so that the rotational axes coincide with each other on the same rotational axis that is horizontal in the left-right direction and the left and right vibrators 36 are axisymmetric with respect to the center of gravity axis a of the vibration table By attaching and suspending the vibration table 33 based on the vibration in the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction) generated by the operation of the left and right vibrators 36, the vibration table 33 is simultaneously applied in the front-rear direction in addition to the vertical direction and the left-right direction. It is designed to vibrate simultaneously on three axes.

The vibration table 33 has a rectangular shape in plan view that is slightly longer in the front-rear direction, and a vibration adjustment weight unit 37 is appropriately disposed on the front edge portion 33b, so that the vibration table 33 by the central vibration unit 35 and the left and right vibration units 36 is obtained. The amplitude ratio of the vertical direction, the horizontal direction, and the front-rear direction is adjusted to be approximately 10: 8: 2.
On the table surface portion 33 a on the upper surface of the vibration table 33, a test object can be fixedly held by a holding band 41. The fixed band 41 has elastic elasticity, and both ends of the band 41 can be engaged with and disengaged from the stoppers 38 on the left and right side edge portions 33 c and 33 d of the vibration table 33.
The table surface portion 33 a has a screw hole 39 for fixing the L-shaped holder 42 or the L-shaped holder 43 with a hook with a bolt 45, and a screw hole 40 for fixing the cross-shaped holder 44 with the bolt 45. Each is provided.
In addition, the table surface portion 33a and the holding band 41 in the vibration table 33 are electrostatically treated by attaching an electrostatic sheet to the contact surface with the test object, so that static electricity is prevented from being generated during the test. It is.

  The vibration exciter control unit 46 determines whether the rotation drive unit 35c in the central shaker 35 is stopped, forward / reverse rotation, operation time, number of operations, and the like. It is programmed to input the time, the number of operations, etc. from the liquid crystal touch panel 47 and to perform a transportation packaging test including a three-axis simultaneous vibration test, and the program is displayed on the liquid crystal touch panel 47. .

Next, the test state of the test article by the transport packaging test apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to the graph of FIG.
A cardboard box 48 in which a plastic bottle is stored is placed on the table surface portion 33 a and fixed by the holding band 41.
Thereafter, a test operation is started, and the cardboard box 48 on the vibration table 33 is vibrated simultaneously in three directions in the up, down, left, and right directions, and the rotation drive unit 35c of the central shaker 35 is reversely rotated in the forward direction during the operation. The operation was performed for a fixed time while alternately switching to rotation. This test time (vibration time) corresponds to a travel distance of 1000 km by an actual vehicle in 20 minutes, and a travel test of 1000 km to 2000 km in 40 minutes and 2000 km or more in 60 minutes.

When the vibration of the vibration table 33 during the test was measured with respect to the frequency (frequency) Hz, the acceleration amplitude mmp-p, and the excitation time, the vertical amplitude was about 1.00 mmpp output when the vibration frequency was 25 Hz (Fig. 5 (see (a)), the left and right amplitude was about 0.84 mmp-p output (see FIG. 5 (b)), and the front and back amplitude was about 0.25 mmp-p output (see (c) in FIG. 5). .
By testing in this way, as in the case of transportation by an actual vehicle, it is confirmed whether or not darkening is generated by rubbing the print seals on the PET bottles that vibrated simultaneously in three directions in the top, bottom, left, and right directions in the cardboard box 48. Is visible. It is also possible to verify damage to various packs such as milk packs, faint printing of characters, etc., occurrence of pinholes in retort packs, and the like.

FIG. 6 shows an example of holding different test objects. In FIG. 6A, the corrugated cardboard 48 is held by the L-shaped holder 42 from four directions so as not to prevent the vertical movement. In FIG. 6B, the plastic case 49 is fixedly held by the L-shaped holder 42 and the L-shaped holder 43 with the hook. In FIG. 6C, trays 50 containing electronic components are stacked and held in a fixed shape by a cross-shaped holder 44.
According to each of these holding forms, it is possible to verify the occurrence of darkening, damage, blurring of printing, occurrence of pinholes, and the like by similarly performing three-axis simultaneous vibration tests on various specimens.

1 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a first embodiment of a transport packaging test apparatus according to the present invention. Front view. Plan view. Transverse plan view. (A) is a graph showing the amplitude in the vertical direction of the shaking table, (b) is a graph showing the amplitude in the horizontal direction of the shaking table, (c) is a graph showing the amplitude in the longitudinal direction of the shaking table, The vertical axis represents time and amplitude. (A) (b) (c) is a top view which illustrates the holding state of each test article, respectively.

Explanation of symbols

30 Stand 30a Upper surface portion 31 Caster with lock 32 Fixed leg 33 Vibration table 33a Table surface portion 33b Front edge portion 33c Left edge portion 33d Right edge portion 33e Vibration sensor 34 Coil spring 35 Central vibrator 35a, 36a Built-in rotation drive portion 35b , 36b Eccentric flywheel built-in parts 35c, 36c Rotation drive parts 35d, 36d Rotating shafts 35e, 36e Eccentric flywheels 35f, 36f Mounting legs 35g, 36g Adjustment knob 36 Left and right shaker 37 Vibration adjustment weight 38 Stopper 39, 40 Screw hole 41 Retaining band 42 L-shaped retainer 43 L-shaped retainer 44 with collar 44 Cross-shaped retainer 45 Bolt 46 Exciter control unit 47 Liquid crystal touch panel 48 Corrugated cardboard box (test object)
49 Plastic case (test object)
50 trays (test sample)
a Shaking table center of gravity axis

Claims (4)

Support the shaking table on the frame horizontally through coil springs at the four corners on the back of the shaking table,
A test object is formed on the table surface of the upper surface of the vibration table so that the test object can be held by a holder,
In the center of the rear surface of the shaking table, a frequency corresponding to the number of rotations due to the weight unbalance between the rotation shaft of the rotation drive unit whose rotation axis is horizontal in the front-rear direction and the front and rear eccentric flywheels integrally linked to both ends of the rotation shaft. Attaching and suspending the mounting legs provided on the side of the rotation drive unit built-in side in the central vibrator that generates vibration in the vertical and horizontal directions
Before and after the frequency corresponding to the number of rotations due to the weight imbalance between the rotation axis of the rotation drive unit whose rotation axis is horizontal in the left-right direction and the eccentric flywheel integrated with the rotation axis at the left and right positions in the center of the back of the shaking table Each mounting leg provided on the rotation drive unit built-in side of a pair of left and right vibrators that generate vibration in the direction is attached and suspended so that the rotation axis of the left and right vibrators coincides with the coaxial line. And
By providing a vibrator control unit capable of controlling forward and reverse rotation of the rotation drive unit of the central shaker and rotating the rotation drive units of the left and right shakers in the same rotation direction and the same number of rotations. ,
A transportation packaging test apparatus, wherein a vibration table is configured to vibrate simultaneously in three axes based on combined vibrations in the respective directions of up, down, left, and right by the central vibrator and the left and right vibrators. The transport packaging according to claim 1, wherein the front and rear eccentric flywheel internal parts and the left and right vibrators in the central shaker are suspended in an axisymmetric manner with respect to the center axis of the vibration table. Test equipment.   3. A transport packaging testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a vibration adjusting weight is appropriately disposed on a side edge of the shaking table so that the amplitude ratios of the shaking table can be finely adjusted. . The transportation packaging test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an amplitude ratio of the vibration table in the vertical and horizontal directions is approximately 10: 8: 2.

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