JP2007291779A - Viaduct makeup structure and makeup structure construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

A highly bridged makeup structure and a makeup structure construction method that are lightweight, easy to construct, and have a beautiful finish.
A viaduct 1 is composed of a floor material 2, a beam 3, a bridge pier 4, a footing 5, a base material 7, and a film material 6 on the surface. The floor material 2 on the surface is made of concrete, and the roadway is constituted by asphalt being laid on the surface. The beam 3 and the pier 4 are strength members of the viaduct 1. In the viaduct decorative structure according to the present invention, the back surface of the beam 3 is covered with the film material 6. In order to stretch the film material 6 beautifully, as shown in the figure, a base material 7 and a linear (straight) foot material 5 are installed.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a highly cross-linked decorative structure and a decorative structure construction method.

  In general, the steel frame and the concrete constituting the beam are exposed on the back side of the road surface of the elevated highway bridge and on the back side (lower side) of the railroad track surface in the railway viaduct. And on the said back side, the drain pipe, the electric wire cable for illumination, etc. are stretched around so that a clearance gap may be sewn. For example, most of the viaducts on the Metropolitan Expressway in Japan have been provided with the necessary reinforcement and facilities after the fact, with the basic design of the late 1955s. And, because the emphasis is placed on the imparting function, the reinforcing members are complicatedly exposed as appearance, and the appearance is impaired, and furthermore, they are dirty with exhaust gas for many years, and feces caused by birds are also present. . In order to solve this problem, a technique is known in which the back surface of the viaduct is covered with a decorative plate or uniformly covered with a metal louver (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP-A-6-41921 JP-A-11-100811

  However, the decorative board has a large weight and is not preferable as a highly cross-linked structural element. In addition, since the louver is formed by metal processing, it is substantially difficult to form the louver in a curved shape in accordance with the back surface of the viaduct constructed with various curvature curves. The louver is also heavy and is not preferable for being placed on an elevated. In addition, installation work takes time, cost and cost.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above, and is a highly-bridged makeup structure that is lightweight, can be easily applied to curved roads, and can provide a new aesthetics, thereby reducing costs. An object of the present invention is to provide a makeup structure construction method.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the highly-bridged decorative structure according to the present invention has a film material covering the backside of the highly-bridged structure.

  By covering the underside of elevated bridges such as elevated road bridges and elevated railway bridges with membrane materials, the complicated structures and dirty exteriors of the backside, where beams and pipes were exposed, were obscured, and new aesthetics were added to the elevated bridges. Can be provided. In addition, since the film material is lighter than a decorative plate or a louver, it can be easily constructed. In addition, since the membrane material is lightweight, it is not necessary to reinforce the existing viaduct pier to increase the weight, which can contribute to the promotion of the membrane material design. In addition, the membrane material may be stretched directly with bolts, or may be stretched so as to be applied to a line attached to a floor board or a main girder in order to make a step or to apply a more tension. .

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a highly cross-linked decorative structure in which the film material covers a side surface of the high cross-linked structure.

  Usually, the back surface of the viaduct such as an elevated road bridge or an elevated railway bridge has a depression formed in the center in the width direction. In the present invention, not only the depression but also both sides and the back are covered, so that a new aesthetic can be provided regardless of the original shape of the viaduct. That is, in terms of the external shape, only the road and rail surface on the front surface are the same, and the shape, color, and texture can be imparted to the side surface and the back surface that are completely different from the conventional ones.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a highly-bridged decorative structure in which the film material is stretched by being divided into strips.

  If the film material is divided into strips, it can be wound on a roll and transported to the site by trailer or truck. If the entire film material can be stretched by being divided into strips, the roll can be released and stretched, which is convenient in construction. In addition, even when the film material is replaced in the future, it is advantageous in this respect because only a part of the divided film material needs to be replaced. Further, even when the film is partially damaged or dirty, it is economical to replace the belt-like film material of the part that is the minimum configuration.

  The highly crosslinked decorative structure according to the next invention is such that in the highly crosslinked decorative structure, the film materials divided and stretched in a band shape are in close contact with each other.

  The films are stretched by being divided into strips, but are separated from each other as they are. In this invention, in order to eliminate these gaps, the edges of the membrane materials are brought into close contact with each other by stitching, bonding, welding or the like. As a result, the divided and stretched film materials are integrated to prevent intrusion of dust and dust from the gap.

  According to the next invention, a highly-crosslinked decorative structure is provided with a plurality of feet on the surface on which the film material such as the high-bridge is stretched in the highly-bridged decorative structure, The engaged means integrated with the membrane material side is engaged.

  By the engaging means according to the present invention, the membrane material can be easily stretched. In particular, the construction is completed simply by fitting the engaged means provided at a predetermined position of the belt-like film material into the engaging means.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a highly-bridged decorative structure in which the belt-like film material is stretched in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the highly-bridged structure.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a highly cross-linked decorative structure in which the strip-shaped film material is stretched in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the high cross-link.

  Since the film material in the present invention is strip-shaped, it can be stretched in a direction perpendicular to or parallel to the longitudinal direction of the viaduct (generally referred to as the bridge axis direction). Whether the direction is perpendicular or parallel is determined by the structural characteristics of the target viaduct. For example, if the structure is a bridge with a narrow width and is long in the longitudinal direction, if the film material having the same width as the width is stretched in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the viaduct, the execution time will be greatly increased. Shortened. Also, if the bridge is relatively wide such as two or more lanes on one side and multiple railway lines, a membrane material is stretched in a direction perpendicular to the bridge axis.

  A highly crosslinked decorative structure according to the next invention is the highly crosslinked decorative structure, wherein the film material is made of glass fiber covered with a polyvinyl chloride resin.

  A film material obtained by coating a glass fiber with a polyvinyl chloride resin has high translucency. Thereby, it can also be set as indirect illumination by providing illumination inside a film | membrane material. In addition, since the film material also has diffusibility, energy saving can be realized by a combination of relaxation of illumination luminance, equalization of illuminance, and type of illumination. Further, since the membrane material has a high tensile strength, if the edge is fixed, a person can work on it sufficiently, and a scaffold becomes unnecessary. In addition, since the tensile strength is large, if the tension is applied, the large bumps of the film material can be suppressed, the finish is beautiful, and it contributes to the provision of aesthetics.

  The highly cross-linked decorative structure according to the next invention is the highly cross-linked decorative structure in which the film material is made of glass fiber covered with a fluororesin.

  When the glass fiber is coated with a fluororesin, the tensile strength becomes extremely large. Therefore, a large tension can be applied and the flatness of the film can be increased. As a result, a beautiful finish with no film material bumps is obtained. In addition, the coating with the fluororesin improves the water repellency and makes it difficult to get dirt.

  The highly crosslinked decorative structure according to the next invention is such that in the highly crosslinked decorative structure, the film material contains photocatalyst fine particles in the outermost layer.

  If the photocatalyst fine particles are contained in the uppermost layer, the dirt component is decomposed by being exposed to light (ultraviolet rays), and the object of the invention of keeping the aesthetic appearance is reduced even when used for a long period of time. . The outermost layer means the uppermost layer of the film and the layer on the outermost surface.

  The construction method for constructing a viaduct according to the next invention is a step of attaching a linear foot material having engaged means at the tip to the back surface of the viaduct with an aerial work vehicle, and a film material while applying tension. Engaging the engaging means with the engaged means.

  When attaching something to the back of a viaduct, it is usually necessary to build a scaffold on the entire back and work on the scaffold. On the other hand, in the present invention, the film material can be stretched on the back surface of the viaduct mainly in work on an aerial work vehicle. As a result, lane restrictions are minimized when the underpass is a road, and traffic congestion during construction can be suppressed.

  The structure of the viaduct according to the next invention is a frame, which is the same shape as the membrane material to be finally formed, a membrane material wound around the frame, and attached to the end of the frame, and tension is applied to the membrane material. The tensioner is fixed in the applied state, the fixing means provided on the main girder on the back surface of the viaduct, and the fixed means provided on the frame and fixed to the fixing means.

  According to the next invention, the method for constructing a viaduct structure includes a step of winding a membrane material around a frame that is the same shape as the membrane material shape to be finally formed, and tensioning the membrane material with a tensioner attached to the frame. A step of applying and fixing, and a step of fixing the frame around which the film material is wound to a main girder of a viaduct.

  The membrane material wound around the frame is tightened by a tensioner, and the frame and the membrane material become an integral unit. If this unit is assembled at the factory, transported to the viaduct site, lifted, and the fixed means of the frame is fixed to the fixing means of the main girder, the construction can be completed in a very short time. The fact that it takes a short time is an excellent method that can suppress traffic congestion as construction of a viaduct with a road underneath because less time is required to restrict traffic.

  The method for constructing a viaduct structure according to the next invention is a part between the bridge girders and a step of providing a stage immediately below the main girder, and a plurality of the girder are attached in parallel to the main girder on the stage. An engaging means attached to the film material is passed through the groove of the rail to push the film material, and a step of applying tension to the film material.

  Unlike the conventional viaduct backside work, the present invention can occupy a small area because the film can be stretched only by providing a stage at a part of the bridge between the viaducts. As a result, it is possible to reduce the number of areas where traffic regulation must be imposed. Therefore, the construction of a viaduct with a road underneath is an excellent construction method capable of suppressing traffic congestion.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for constructing a viaduct in the makeup structure construction method, wherein the step of applying tension to the film material is performed before passing the engaging means of the film material through a plurality of grooves in the rail. It is what you have.

  In this invention, when the film material engaging means is passed through the rail groove, tension is applied to the film material, so that the film material is pushed and spread only by passing through the film material engaging means one after another. Work becomes easy. In addition, since a tension is applied on the stage, a new scaffold is unnecessary. As a result, it is possible to reduce the number of areas where traffic regulation must be imposed. Therefore, the construction of a viaduct with a road underneath is an excellent construction method capable of suppressing traffic congestion.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for constructing a highly-bridged decorative structure, wherein the step of applying tension to the film material includes passing the engagement means of the film material through a plurality of grooves in the rail. After the material is spread out, tension is applied by changing the width of the rails.

  There are various ways to apply the tension. In the present invention, the membrane material engaging means are passed through the rail groove one after another, and after the passage, the chain such as a traction tool such as a lever block (registered trademark) is provided. Use the lever hoist to shift the rail from side to side. Thereby, the width | variety of a film | membrane material changes and tension can be provided. When applying tension by changing the width of the rails, the operator needs to go to both ends of the rails or to a fixed position at a fixed interval on the rails, but the film material has sufficient tensile strength. Therefore, if the engagement means is engaged with the groove of the rail, the worker can walk to the end or the fixed position on the membrane material, and no scaffold is required for the work of applying tension. It is. As a result, it is possible to reduce the number of areas where traffic regulation must be imposed. Therefore, the construction of a viaduct with a road underneath is an excellent construction method capable of suppressing traffic congestion.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for constructing a highly-bridged decorative structure, wherein the step of applying tension to the film material includes passing the engagement means of the film material through a plurality of grooves in the rail. After spreading the material, the tensioner is tightened at a fixed position to apply tension.

  In this invention, after the membrane material is spread out, the tensioner is tightened at a fixed position to apply tension. When tension is applied after the film material is spread, work can be performed while specifically looking at the wrinkles of the film material and the condition of the tension, so that a more beautiful finish can be obtained for the construction of the film material. When applying the tension, the operator needs to go to a fixed position. However, since the film material has sufficient tensile strength, if the engagement means is engaged with the groove of the rail, the film material Workers can walk up to a fixed position, and there is no need for a scaffold for the work of applying tension. As a result, it is possible to reduce the number of areas where traffic regulation must be imposed. Therefore, the construction of a viaduct with a road underneath is an excellent construction method capable of suppressing traffic congestion.

  As described above, according to the viaduct decorative structure and the decorative structure construction method according to the present invention, the viaduct covers the back surface (the back surface when the surface used for road or railway use is the surface). Therefore, the complicated structure of the back surface where the beams and pipes are exposed and the dirty exterior are covered and concealed, and the aesthetics can be given to the viaduct. In addition, since the membrane material is lighter than the decorative plate and the metal louver, the construction is easy, the material is inexpensive, and the cost can be comprehensively reduced.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. The constituent elements in the following embodiments include those that can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art.

  1 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration of a viaduct according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This viaduct 1 is an example of Japan's capital expressway. The viaduct 1 is composed of a floor material 2, a beam 3, a bridge pier 4, a foot material 5, a base material 7, and a film material 6. The floor material 2 on the surface is made of concrete, and the roadway is constituted by asphalt being laid on the surface. The beam 3 and the pier 4 are strength members of the viaduct 1. In the first embodiment according to the present invention, the back surface of the beam 3 is covered with the film material 6. In order to stretch the film material 6 beautifully, as shown in the figure, a base material 7 and a linear foot material 5 are installed.

  FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the base material 7 and the foot material 5. Here, the base material 7 forms a lattice with the linear foot material 5, but the base material 7 is not necessarily required to implement the present invention. The membrane material 6 is applied to or guided by the linear foot material 5, for the purpose of imparting the back surface of the viaduct (may be part or all) and aesthetics. If necessary, cover up to the side.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG. There is a place where a fastener 8 (engagement means) is provided at the tip of the foot material 5, and an edge rope 13 (means to be engaged by a rope-like member) integrated with the membrane material 6 is inserted and fixed. (See FIG. 6). The outermost edge of the membrane material 6 is fixed by a fixing material 9 attached to the foot material 5. 4 is an enlarged view of the fixing member 9 of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is an external view of the fixing member 9 viewed from the B direction. There is also an edge rope 10 at the outermost edge of the film material 6, which is pressed into a plate 11 that is coupled to a fixing material 9 by a bolt 12 so that it does not come off.

  FIG. 6 is an enlarged view showing the fastener 8 of FIG. FIG. 7 is an external view showing the external appearance seen from the direction C of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is an external view showing the external appearance when the external appearance of FIG. 7 is viewed from above. The fastener 8 has a structure in which an edge rope 13 integral with the membrane material 6 is sandwiched by a rope edge clamp 14. The rope edge clamp 14 is fixed to the plate 15 with bolts 16, and the plate 15 is fixed to the footing 5.

  Thus, if the viaduct has a film material that covers the back surface (the back surface when the surface used for roads and railways is used), the complicated structure and dirt on the back surface where beams and pipes were exposed The exterior is covered and can give aesthetics to the viaduct. In addition, since the membrane material is lighter than the decorative plate and the metal louver, the construction is easy, the material is inexpensive, and the cost can be comprehensively reduced.

  When comparing specific weights, conventionally, when using an aluminum decorative plate, the weight of 30-50 kgf per square meter is 1 square meter when using the film material according to the present invention. A weight of 10 kgf (including the base material and foot material) is sufficient. As a result, the construction cost per square meter is less affected by the main structure by using a lighter membrane material than the crust structure, and it is easy to make a unit or system, shortening the construction time and construction period. Will be cheaper than 20%.

  In addition, the film material is more flexible with respect to dimensional tolerances than steel materials and aluminum materials, and the relative position with respect to the foot material does not need to be more severe than the steel materials. For example, in the case of an aluminum panel, if the mounting hole is displaced by 5 mm, it cannot be mounted, but in the case of a membrane material, the difference of 5 mm can be absorbed using tension. In addition, the film material can be easily cut at the factory, and can be easily formed into a fan shape. Thereby, it becomes possible to easily cope with a curved high bridge.

  Conventionally, in the case of installing a decorative board, reinforcement is required for the bridge as a measure against weight. However, if this membrane material is used, the reinforcement is unnecessary and economical because it is lightweight.

  One of the features of the present invention is that the film material can be easily three-dimensional and three-dimensionally shaped depending on the foot material. If it is a membrane material, it can be printed and pasted on the film to match the local landscape, and it can always draw and project a clear blue sky regardless of the weather, reducing even the feeling of pressure on the overpass viaduct. It is also possible. In addition, commercially, it is easy to provide advertising effects for regional brands, special products, and the like. Furthermore, it is possible to add a lamé or to change the color like iridescent or iridescent by resin coating on the outermost layer of the membrane material.

  Furthermore, it is possible to arrange the lighting inside the film material or to illuminate the film material for indirect lighting, and to provide light that is gentle to the driver of an automobile traveling under a viaduct. It is also possible to emit light even at night by adding a luminous function to the film material. Further, by containing the photocatalyst fine particles in the outermost layer of the film material, the nitrogen oxide compound (NOx) is removed and the air purification performance can be obtained, which can contribute to energy saving and environment.

  Generally, the back surface of the viaduct such as an elevated road bridge and an elevated railway bridge has a depression formed in the center in the width direction. In this invention, it is possible not only to cover the depression but also to cover both side surfaces and the back surface, so that it is possible to provide an aesthetic appearance by new modeling regardless of the original shape of the viaduct. In the present specification, the term “film material” refers to “film material” as a building material that satisfies the requirements of Article 37 No. 2 of the Building Standard Law.

  FIGS. 9-1 to 9-3 are explanatory views showing a construction method for a decorative structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. The film material may be stretched by dividing it into strips so as to be perpendicular to the axial direction of the viaduct (this is called the bridge axis direction) or by dividing it in parallel in the bridge axis direction. First, a method of dividing at right angles will be described.

  First, a footing (linear footing) 5 having an engaged means (fastener) at the tip is attached to the back surface of the viaduct 1. The footing 5 is attached with the direction parallel to the bridge axis as the longitudinal direction. This can be done with the aerial work vehicle 20 (FIG. 9-1). In the past, the entire back surface had to be constructed with a steel frame or aluminum. However, since the present invention uses a membrane material, it is lightweight and is well fixed to the footing. Minimal or unnecessary.

  Next, while engaging the engaged means (edge rope) integrated with the membrane material 6 with the engaging means (fastener), the membrane material 6 carried in a roll shape is moved in a direction perpendicular to the bridge axis direction. Pull it out. This is also performed with the aerial work platform 20 (FIG. 9-2). Finally, tension is applied to the film material to complete the formation of the film material 6 into a desired shape (FIG. 9-3).

  If the film material is divided into strips, it can be wound on a roll and transported to the site by trailer or truck. If the entire film material can be stretched by being divided into strips, the roll can be released and stretched, which is convenient in construction. In addition, even when the film material is replaced in the future, it is advantageous in this respect because only a part of the divided film material needs to be replaced. Further, even when the film is partially damaged or the dirt becomes severe, it is economical to replace the belt-like film material of the part that has the minimum configuration.

  Further, as described above, in the present invention, the film material can be stretched on the back surface of the viaduct only by the work on the aerial work vehicle. As a result, lane restrictions are minimized when the underpass is a road, and traffic congestion during construction can be suppressed. In the implementation of highways and railways, especially in the city center and large cities, the suppression of traffic congestion is an important factor affecting the implementation schedule and cost.

  The film materials stretched in a strip shape may be in close contact with each other. If it is not closely attached, there is an advantage that ventilation is improved and mold inside the membrane material is difficult to propagate, but in order to prevent insects and birds from entering through the gap, the membrane material is divided into strips You may make it install an insect-proof and bird-proof net in the clearance gap between them. Furthermore, in order to eliminate the gap between the strip-shaped film materials, the edges of the film materials are brought into close contact with each other by stitching, bonding, welding or the like. As a result, the divided and stretched film materials are integrated, and an effect of preventing intrusion of dust and dust from the gap is produced.

  Whether the film material is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the viaduct (generally referred to as the bridge axis direction) is determined by the structural characteristics of the target viaduct. For example, in the case of a two-lane or more lane on one side and a relatively wide viaduct such as multiple railroads, it is generally easier to apply a tension by stretching a membrane material in a direction perpendicular to the bridge axis.

  FIGS. 10-1 to 10-3 are explanatory views showing a construction method for a decorative structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, the case where it divides | segments in parallel with the said bridge axis direction is demonstrated. First, a foot material (linear foot material) 22 having an engaged means (fastener) at the tip is attached to the back surface between the piers 21 of the viaduct 1. This can also be done with the aerial work platform 20 (FIG. 10-1). Conventionally, a scaffold had to be formed with a steel frame or aluminum on the entire back surface, but in this case as well, as in the case of FIG.

  Next, while engaging the engaged means (edge rope) integrated with the membrane material 6 with the engaging means (fastener), the membrane material 6 carried in a roll shape is pulled out in parallel with the bridge axis direction. To go. This is also performed with the aerial work platform 20 (FIG. 10-2). Finally, tension is applied to the film material to complete the formation of the film material 6 into a desired shape (FIG. 10-3). In this invention, the film | membrane material 6 can be stretched on the back surface of the viaduct 1 only by the work by a high place worker. As a result, the lane restriction when the underpass 1 is a road is minimized, and traffic congestion can be suppressed.

  Whether the membrane material is parallel to the bridge axis is determined by the structural characteristics of the target viaduct. For example, if the structure is a high bridge with a narrow width and is long in the longitudinal direction, if the film material in the form of a strip having the same width as that of the bridge is stretched in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the viaduct, the execution time will be greatly increased. Shortened to

  Here, the material of the film material will be described. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of the film material. The film material 62 is not particularly limited, but a fiber material 65, 66 coated with a coating layer 64 can be generally used as a reinforcing material. For example, natural fibers such as hemp, cotton and kenaf, nylon, high-strength polyester synthetic fibers, glass fibers, metal fibers and carbon fibers can be used as the fiber materials 65 and 66, and a polyvinyl chloride resin can be used as the coating layer. Or a synthetic resin such as fluororesin, silicon resin, silicon rubber, chloroprene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, or the like coated with synthetic rubber can be used. Furthermore, these outermost layers 63 are subjected to antifouling treatment with a polymer compound such as a fluororesin, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, or contain the photocatalyst fine particles 63a. Meets the requirements of No. 2 and can be used for building structures.

  A film material obtained by coating a glass fiber with a polyvinyl chloride resin has a high light transmittance. Thereby, the illumination provided in the inside of the film material becomes indirect illumination, and the driver of the car passing through the lower part is not dazzled. Moreover, since it can also use the light from the outside for the person who works on the back surface of a viaduct if it says at the time of construction, it will become easy to work. For example, when it is necessary to work on the piping on the back side or work on the electric box in the daytime, it is easy to work even in a space closed with a membrane material. Similarly, even when the film material is stretched, when the work is carried on the film material itself, the light from the outside is not blocked and the work becomes easy. Since the membrane material has a high tensile strength, if the edge is fixed, a person can work on it sufficiently. In addition, since the tensile strength is high, the tension of the film material can be suppressed by applying tension, the finish is beautiful, and it contributes to the provision of aesthetics.

  When the glass fiber is coated with a fluororesin, the tensile strength becomes extremely large. For this reason, a large tension can be applied, and the flatness of the film can be increased. As a result, a beautiful finish with no film material bumps is obtained. In addition, the coating with the fluororesin improves the water repellency and makes it difficult to get dirt.

  In addition, if the outermost layer 63 of the film material is subjected to antifouling treatment with a polymer compound such as fluororesin, acrylic resin, urethane resin, etc., it is difficult to get dirty even after long years of use and is easy to clean. Economical and practical. Furthermore, if the photocatalyst fine particles are contained in the outermost layer, the dirt component is decomposed by exposure to light (ultraviolet rays), and the object of the invention is to keep the aesthetic appearance with less dirt even after long-term use. Can be realized efficiently.

  FIGS. 11-17 is explanatory drawing which shows the makeup | decoration structure concerning Example 2 of this invention, and the makeup | decoration structure construction method. Specifically, FIG. 11 is an external view showing an example of a frame on which a film material is stretched, FIG. 12 is an external view showing a film material wound around the frame of FIG. 11, and FIG. 13 is a unit. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the film material is attached to the main girder on the back surface of the viaduct, FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a structure for applying tension to the film material, and FIG. FIG. 16 is an explanatory view showing another example of the unit loading and mounting method, and FIG. 17 is an explanatory view showing an ideal film material configuration for a fixed distance viaduct.

  In the second embodiment, a structure and a construction method in which a film material and a frame around which the film material is wound are unitized so that they can be easily attached to the viaduct back surface at the construction site will be described. In construction, first, a frame 30 that is a framework having the same shape as the shape of the membrane material to be finally formed is prepared (see FIG. 11). This is not limited to a structure made by welding a metal such as an aluminum material or a steel material, but may be a resin or a combination of a metal and a resin as long as it can withstand the tension described later. Considering the load and direction applied to the part, the joining method may not be welding but may be bolted.

  A tensioner 31 for applying tension to the film material later is attached to the end of the frame 30. In order to form a bent substantially W shape as shown in the figure, a fastener for engaging the membrane material with the refracted portion is also provided. Furthermore, as will be described later, bolt holes, bolts, stays or other fixing means for fixing to the viaduct main beam are provided at appropriate positions on the frame. Although this frame is bent in an approximately W shape, it cannot be said that there is no case of leakage due to cracks in the floor board at the viaduct. In that case, water is collected with a W-shaped gradient, It is a device for providing a drain hole in the to make it easier to remove.

  The frame 30 does not have to be formed with the same thickness in any part, and the end portion 32 is relatively thick and the central portion 33 is relatively thin so that it can withstand the tension of the film material. You can also save money. This is because the central portion 33 receives almost only compressive stress. When the frame is completed, a film material is wound around the frame (see FIG. 12).

  As a method of winding the film material 34, there are a method of wrapping the upper side after the attachment (single method) and a method of wrapping both the upper side and the lower side (double method). If the width 35 of this unit is 3.5 m or less, the size is suitable for transporting by truck.

  Here, a method of applying tension when the single method (single-sided winding) is adopted will be described (see FIG. 14). A fixing plate 39 is fixed to the frame 32 via a stay 42. A rope edge clamp 40 that holds an edge rope 41 of the film material 34 is fixed to the fixing plate 39. The rope edge clamp 40 is pulled into the fixing plate 39 with a bolt after the film material 34 is added, whereby tension is applied to the film material 34. In the double method (double-sided winding), the end frame 32 may be pushed out from the inner frame (the distance between the frames is increased with screws). In either method, if the glass wool 48 is placed, sandwiched, and filled on the film material 34, a sound insulation function can be added.

  As a method for carrying in the unit 43, there is a method in which the truck 44 is laid at right angles to the bridge shaft of the viaduct 37. In this case, if the unit is lifted with the winch 46 and the wire cable 45 as it is and fixed to the main girder 36 in FIG. 13, the construction is completed (see FIG. 15). There is also a method in which the track 44 is attached parallel to the bridge axis of the viaduct 37. In this case, the unit is lifted by the winch 46 and the wire cable 45, rotated 90 degrees above the sky, and further guided and fixed at a predetermined position using the wire cable (see FIG. 16). At this time, the truck 44 uses only one lane of the underside road, and since the work is performed in the sky, there is an advantage that traffic regulation is minimized.

  The film material 34 wound around the frame and applied as a unit by the tensioner 31 is fixed to a fixing means such as a bolt provided on the main girder 36 of the viaduct 37, and a bolt hole provided on the frame, a fixed object such as a stay. Are connected to the main girder 36 of the viaduct 37. Of course, the main girder 36 may also be bolt holes and the frame side may be holes, and may be fixed with bolts penetrating both.

  Thus, if the unit is assembled at the factory, transported to the site of the viaduct 37, lifted, and the fixed means of the frame is fixed to the fixing means of the main girder 36, the construction can be completed in a very short time. The fact that it takes a short time reduces the amount of time that traffic regulation has to be imposed, so it is possible to suppress traffic congestion as construction of a viaduct with a road underneath.

  In actual construction sites, the place where traffic control is most restrained is an intersection. For this reason, the unit attachment method that requires the shortest installation time of the membrane material 50, that is, the construction method that uses the units 54 to 57 that can be lifted and fixed as it is, is the intersection portion 51, and the other general portions 52 are It is also realistic to construct separately from the construction method using the units 58 to 60, which may require traffic control of only one lane (see FIG. 17).

  FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a decorative structure construction method according to Example 3 of the invention. As shown in the figure, in this third embodiment, first, a stage 72 is provided between a bridge pier 71 and a bridge pier 71 of a viaduct 70, usually in the vicinity of a bridge girder and directly under a main girder 75. Then, on the stage 72, the engaging means attached to the film material 74 is passed through the grooves of a plurality of rails (see FIGS. 20 and 21) provided parallel to the main girder 75, so that the film material 74 is fully under the girder. Push out. Thereafter, tension is applied to the film material 74.

  Unlike the conventional viaduct backside work, the decorative structure construction method according to the third embodiment can occupy a small area because the film can be stretched only by providing a stage at a part of the bridge between the viaducts. . As a result, it is possible to reduce the number of areas where traffic regulation must be imposed. Therefore, the construction of a viaduct with a road underneath is an excellent construction method capable of suppressing traffic congestion.

  FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure in which a film material is stretched through a main girder rail while tension is applied. A rail / support fitting 76 is attached to the main girder 75. The edge of the film material is in a state where a certain tension is applied by attaching the edge fixing jig 77. The film material in this state is passed through the rail / support fitting 76 together with the edge fixing jig 77 and is spread along the rail / support fitting 76. This step is performed for a plurality of rail and support fittings 76. The rail / support metal fitting 76 and the edge fixing jig 77 are not limited to those shown in the drawings, but may be any one that engages and does not drop the edge fixing jig 76. Further, the edge fixing jig 77 is preferably provided with a portion that can be expanded and contracted by a bolt in its structure so that the tension can be adjusted.

  In this invention, when the film material engaging means is passed through the rail groove, tension is applied to the film material, so that the film material is pushed and spread only by passing through the film material engaging means one after another. Work becomes easy. In addition, since a tension is applied on the stage, a new scaffold is unnecessary. As a result, it is possible to reduce the number of areas where traffic regulation must be imposed. Therefore, the construction of a viaduct with a road underneath is an excellent construction method capable of suppressing traffic congestion.

  FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure in which a tension is applied to the film material after being spread through the rail of the main girder. The specific structure used for this construction is generally a structure in which a rail / support metal fitting 76 is fixed to a plurality of main girders 75 and an engaging means 78 is provided on the membrane material 85 side. The engaging means fixed to the edge of the film material 85 is engaged so that it does not come out even when the rail / support metal fitting 76 moves in the horizontal direction.

  In the construction, the engaging means 78 of the film material 85 is passed through the groove of the rail / support metal fitting 76, and the film material 85 is pushed and spread under the girders. Give. Therefore, the rail and support bracket 76 is not completely fixed to the main girder 75, but is fixed with bolts from the left and right so that the horizontal position can be finely adjusted by loosening the left and tightening the right. deep.

  When applying tension by changing the width of the rails, the operator needs to go to both ends of the rails or to a fixed position at a fixed interval on the rails, but the membrane material has sufficient tensile strength. If the engaging means is engaged with the groove of the rail, the worker can walk to the end or the fixed position on the film material, and no scaffold is required for the work of applying tension. is there. As a result, it is possible to reduce the number of areas where traffic regulation must be imposed. Therefore, the construction of a viaduct with a road underneath is an excellent construction method capable of suppressing traffic congestion.

  22 to 24 are cross-sectional views showing other structures in which tension is applied after the film material is spread out. In the structure shown in FIG. 22, the main girder 75 can be moved in parallel with the main girder as a rail, and sandwiching means 79 for sandwiching the main girder is provided. A roll guide 80 and a rope edge clamp 81 (tensioner) are fixed to the sandwiching means 79. Therefore, when this structure is adopted, the operator walks on the film material to the position of the rope edge clamp 81 after the film material is spread, and the rope edge clamp 81 is tightened. The sandwiching means 79 is preferably sandwiched between a main girder and a fluororesin plate 82 such as Teflon (registered trademark) in order to improve sliding.

  FIG. 23 shows a structure in which a plurality of workers stand by at the position of the rope edge clamp 84 and a tension is applied to the film material 92 by tightening the rope edge clamp 84 after a plurality of workers spread the film material. . FIG. 24 is a modification of FIG. 22 in which the workability is improved by setting the direction of tightening the rope edge clamp 90 to the horizontal direction. Also in this case, similarly to the structure shown in FIG. 22, a sandwiching means 88 for sandwiching the main beam 75, a fixing plate 89 fixed to the main girder 75, a rope edge clamp 90 fixed to the fixing plate 89, and a roll guide 91 are provided.

  When tension is applied after the film material is spread, work can be performed while specifically looking at the wrinkles of the film material and the condition of the tension, so that a more beautiful finish can be obtained for the construction of the film material. When applying the tension, the operator needs to go to a fixed position. However, since the film material has sufficient tensile strength, if the engagement means is engaged with the groove of the rail, the film material Workers can walk up to a fixed position, and there is no need for a scaffold for the work of applying tension. As a result, it is possible to reduce the number of areas where traffic regulation must be imposed. Therefore, the construction of a viaduct with a road underneath is an excellent construction method capable of suppressing traffic congestion.

  FIG. 25 is an external view showing a completed example of the highly-bridged makeup structure and the makeup structure construction method according to the present invention. The figure is a view when the back surface of the viaduct is viewed from the front. Further, an example is shown in which the film material is stretched while leaving the main girder 95 between the piers 93. The membrane material is spread out while being guided by the foot material 94 as necessary, and finally fixed by traction means such as an edge rope clamp or chain lever hoist, with a beautiful finish with no wrinkles, and the back side of the viaduct Make up.

  In this makeup structure (construction method), a film material can be stretched so as to hide the main beam 95. In that case, the grip portion 96 to be tensioned by the traction means may be slightly inside the edge portion so that the tensioner itself is hidden by the film material. What is necessary is just to set it as the structure which applies tension | tensile_strength by close_contact | adhering, such as sewing, adhesion, welding. In addition, although drawn extremely to show that tension is applied to the film material, in reality, there is almost no crescent-shaped gap as shown in the figure.

  As described above, the viaduct makeup structure and the makeup structure construction method according to the present invention are useful for makeup on the back side of the viaduct, and are particularly suitable for the makeup on the back of aged roads and railway viaducts.

It is sectional drawing which shows the cross-sectional structure of the viaduct concerning Example 1 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the base material 7 and the foot material 5. FIG. It is an enlarged view of the A section of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the fixing material 9 of FIG. It is the external view seen from the B direction of the fixing material 9. FIG. It is an enlarged view which shows the fastener 8 of FIG. It is an external view which shows the external appearance seen from the C direction of FIG. It is an external view which shows an external appearance when the external appearance of FIG. 7 is seen from the top. It is explanatory drawing which shows the construction method of the makeup | decoration structure concerning the Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the construction method of the makeup | decoration structure concerning the Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the construction method of the makeup | decoration structure concerning the Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the construction method of the makeup | decoration structure concerning the Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the construction method of the makeup | decoration structure concerning the Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the construction method of the makeup | decoration structure concerning the Example of this invention. It is an external view which shows the example of the frame which stretches a film | membrane material. It is an external view which shows what wound the film | membrane material on the flame | frame of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which attached the film | membrane material used as the unit to the main girder of the back surface of a viaduct. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of the structure which applies tension | tensile_strength to a film | membrane material. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the carrying-in of a unit, and the installation construction method. It is explanatory drawing which shows another example of the carrying-in of a unit, and the installation construction method. It is explanatory drawing which shows the ideal film | membrane material structure with respect to the high bridge | crosslinking of a fixed distance. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of the structure of a film | membrane material. It is explanatory drawing which shows the makeup | decoration structure construction method concerning Example 3 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure which spreads a film | membrane material in the state which provided the tension | tensile_strength to the film | membrane material. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure which applies a tension | tensile_strength after extending | stretching a film | membrane material. It is sectional drawing which shows another structure which applies a tension after spreading a film | membrane material. It is sectional drawing which shows another structure which applies a tension after spreading a film | membrane material. It is sectional drawing which shows another structure which applies a tension after spreading a film | membrane material. It is an external view which shows the example of completion by the makeup structure of a viaduct, and a makeup structure construction method.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 37, 70 Viaduct 2 Floor material 3 Beam 4, 21, 71, 93 Bridge pier 5, 22, 94 Foot material 6, 34, 62, 74, 85, 92 Film material 7 Base material 8 Fastener 9 Fixing material 10, 13 , 41 Edge rope 11, 15 Plate 12, 16 Bolt 14, 40, 81, 84, 90 Rope edge clamp 20 Aerial work vehicle 30 Frame 31 Tensioner 32 End portion 33 Central portion 35 Width 36, 75, 95 Main girder 39 Fixed Plate 42 Stay 43, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 Unit 44 Track 45 Wire cable 46 Winch 48 Glass wool 51 Intersection portion 52 General portion 63 Outermost layer 63a Photocatalyst fine particles 64 Coating layer 65, 66 Fiber material 72 Stage 76 Rail / support metal fixture 77 Edge fixing jig 78 Engaging means 79 Engaged hand 80 roll guide 82 plate 88 sandwiching means 89 fixed plate 91 roll guide 96 grip portion

Claims (17)

  A highly-crosslinked makeup structure comprising a film material covering the backside of the highly-bridged structure.   The highly crosslinked decorative structure according to claim 1, wherein the film material also covers a side surface of the viaduct.   The highly crosslinked decorative structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the film material is stretched by being divided into strips.   The highly cross-linked decorative structure according to claim 3, wherein the film members divided and stretched in a band shape are in close contact with each other.   A plurality of feet are provided on a surface on which the membrane material of the viaduct is stretched, and an engaged means integrated with the membrane material side is engaged with an engagement device provided at a tip of the foot material. The highly cross-linked decorative structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   6. The highly-bridged decorative structure according to claim 3, wherein the band-shaped film material is stretched in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the via-bridge.   6. The highly-bridged makeup structure according to claim 3, wherein the strip-shaped film material is stretched in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the via-bridge.   The highly crosslinked decorative structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the film material is made of glass fiber coated with polyvinyl chloride.   The highly crosslinked decorative structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the film material is made of glass fiber covered with a fluororesin.   The highly cross-linked decorative structure according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the film material is a film material having an antifouling treatment on the outermost layer. Attaching a linear foot material having engaged means at the tip to the back of the viaduct with an aerial work vehicle;
Engaging the engaging means integrated with the membrane material with the engaged means while applying tension;
A method for constructing a highly-bridged makeup structure, comprising: A frame that is a framework of the same shape as the membrane material shape to be finally formed,
A membrane material wound around the frame;
A tensioner attached to the end of the frame and fixed in a state where a tension is applied to the membrane material,
Fixing means provided on the main girder on the back of the viaduct;
A fixed means provided on the frame and fixed to the fixing means;
A highly cross-linked decorative structure characterized by having The process of winding the membrane material around a frame that is the same shape as the membrane material shape to be finally formed,
Applying tension to the film material with a tensioner attached to the frame, and fixing the film material;
Fixing the frame around which the membrane material is wound to a main girder of a viaduct;
A method for constructing a highly-bridged makeup structure, comprising: A step between the bridge girders and a stage just below the main girder,
On the stage, through a plurality of rail grooves attached in parallel to the main girder, through an engaging means attached to the film material, and spreading the film material;
Applying tension to the membrane material;
A method for constructing a highly-bridged makeup structure, comprising:   15. The method for constructing a highly-bridged makeup structure according to claim 14, wherein the step of applying tension to the film material is prior to passing the engagement means of the film material through a plurality of rail grooves.   In the step of applying tension to the film material, the engagement means of the film material is passed through a plurality of grooves in the rail, and the film material is spread and then the width is applied between the rails to apply tension. The method for constructing a highly-bridged decorative structure according to claim 14.   The step of applying tension to the film material includes passing the engagement means of the film material through a plurality of rail grooves, spreading the film material, and then applying tension by tightening the tensioner at a fixed position. The method for constructing a highly-bridged decorative structure according to claim 14.

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