JP2007271751A - Printed product, container, cylindrical object, image generation apparatus, and image generation method - Google Patents

Abstract

In a printed product for stereoscopic viewing, when a printing surface is not a single plane, the restriction that the dot pitch of a stereoscopic image printed on the printed material must be matched with the pitch of an optical element is eliminated.
SOLUTION: A so-called “pitch does not fit” printed product 20 in which a lens plate 40 that is a lenticular lens array is arranged on a printing surface 31 on which a stereoscopic image is printed, and the printing surface 31 outside the container 10. It arrange | positions toward the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical container 10 toward. The stereoscopic image printed on the printed matter 30 has a line-of-sight for each dot based on a light beam passing through the representative point of the dot and the principal point of the lens 42 corresponding to the dot determined based on the assumed observation position. It is generated by determining the color information of the object space in the line-of-sight direction of the line of sight as the color information of the dot.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a printing process including a printed material that is arranged on a curved surface of an object having a curved surface and on which a stereoscopic image is printed, and an optical element group that provides directivity to each dot of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed material. It relates to things.

  As is conventionally known, optical elements such as flat panel displays such as LCDs, lens arrays (for example, lenticular lens arrays and eyelet lens arrays), and barrier arrays (for example, parallax barrier arrays and pinhole arrays) A stereoscopic image display device can be created by combining groups. As the method, a multi-view method (including binocular), a super multi-view method, an IP (Integral Photography) method, a light beam reproduction method, and the like are known.

  In the multi-view method, as shown in FIG. 38, the light beam emitted from each pixel on the display surface on which the stereoscopic image is displayed and given directivity by the optical element group (the lenticular lens array in the figure) It is designed to gather at a plurality of set viewpoint positions (four in the figure). The resolution depends on the pitch of the optical element, and the number of viewpoints (views) depends on the ratio between the pixel pitch and the pitch of the optical element. For this reason, the multi-view method with a small number of viewpoints has a drawback that a natural stereoscopic effect cannot be obtained because the number of viewpoints is small although the resolution at each viewpoint is relatively high.

  Therefore, the super multi-view method shown in FIG. 39 is an improvement of the multi-view method, which enables a natural stereoscopic effect by setting a very large number of viewpoints inside the parallax between the left and right eyes. is there. However, the super multi-view system has a disadvantage that the resolution is remarkably reduced as a result of increasing the number of viewpoints, and it is necessary to use a very high resolution pixel panel in order to obtain a satisfactory resolution. That is, the resolution and the number of viewpoints have a trade-off relationship.

  In the multi-view method and the super-multi-view method, drawing is performed (generating an image) from each of a plurality of assumed viewpoint positions. For this reason, it has been necessary to design the pixel pitch and the optical element so as to accurately match each other.

  In the IP method and the ray reproduction method, as shown in FIGS. 40 and 41, the rays emitted from the respective pixels on the display surface and given the directivity by the optical element group are collected at the sampled point group of the object. It is designed, and stereoscopic viewing is realized by observing this from a further distant viewpoint. FIG. 40 shows the IP system, and FIG. 41 shows the light beam reproduction method.

  The resolution depends on the number of samplings of the object, and the number of lines of sight at each sampling point depends on the number of rays collected at the sampling point. That is, the smaller the number of sampling points, the more light rays can be collected at each sampling point, that is, a natural three-dimensional effect can be reproduced. However, since the sampling points are small, the resolution is lowered. Further, if the sampling points are increased in order to increase the resolution, only a small number of light beams can be collected at each sampling point, and natural stereoscopic vision becomes impossible.

  In particular, in the IP method, as shown in FIG. 40, the position at which a natural sense of distance can be observed is limited to the image plane parallel to the drawing plane (stereoscopic image display plane). The sense of distance is unnaturally observed. On the other hand, the light beam reproduction method can form an image at a free distance as compared with the IP method.

In addition, IP systems include those using a lens array and those using a pinhole array. As shown in FIG. 40, when a lens array is used, there is a gap between the drawing surface and the imaging surface. Depends on the focal length of the lens. That is, as shown in FIG. 42, if the distance between the focal plane of the lens and the display plane is A, the distance between the focal plane of the lens and the imaging plane is B, and the focal distance of the lens is F, As is known, there is a relationship of the following formula (1). For this reason, two or more imaging positions (distances from the drawing surface) cannot be set at the same time, and if a stereoscopic image is displayed at a position other than the imaging position, the image is blurred.
(1 / A) + (1 / B) = (1 / F) (1)

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 41, in the light ray regenerating method, two or more imaging positions can be set simultaneously by using a pinhole array instead of a lens array (two in the figure). Since the hall is used, there is a drawback that the screen is dark and the image looks like a sequence of dots.

  In the IP method and the light beam reproducing method, since it is necessary to collect a very large number of light beams in principle, sampling points are generally sparse, that is, those having low resolution. That is, in order to obtain a satisfactory resolution, it is necessary to use a pixel panel with a very high resolution, as in the super multi-view system. That is, although the scale is different from the multi-view method and the super multi-view method, it can be said that the resolution and the number of viewpoints have a trade-off relationship.

  In the IP method and the ray reproduction method, the position and direction of the line of sight (viewpoint) are determined based on the positional relationship between each imaging position and the optical element, or the positional relationship between each imaging position and each pixel. Specifically, when the optical element group is prepared first and the line of sight is determined by the positional relationship between the imaging position and each optical element, the pixel arrangement must be determined in accordance with the optical element group, In addition, when a pixel panel is prepared first and the line of sight is determined by the positional relationship between each imaging position and each pixel, the arrangement of the optical element group must be determined in accordance with the pixel panel. In any case, it is necessary to design to match the pitch of the optical elements and the pitch of the pixel panel.

  As described above, in any conventional stereoscopic image display device, it is necessary to match the optical element pitch of the optical element group and the pixel pitch of the pixel panel. Whether to decide according to the other depends mainly on the cost relationship between the two.

  In addition, in a conventionally known print processed product in accordance with a stereoscopic image display device that combines a printed material (paper, plastic card, etc.) printed with a stereoscopic image and an optical element group (lens array, barrier array, etc.). The optical element group is attached to the printing surface of the printed material on which the stereoscopic image is printed by pasting or the like, and the reflected light of each dot of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed material is given directivity by the optical element group. This realizes stereoscopic vision. In such a printed product, it is easy to change the arrangement of the dots of the stereoscopic image to be printed. Therefore, the pitch of the dots of the stereoscopic image to be printed is determined according to the optical element group.

By the way, in the conventional stereoscopic video display device, the flat panel display, that is, the display surface of the stereoscopic image is a flat surface, and there is known a device having a convex or concave curved surface when viewed from the observer. ing. In this case, compared with the case where the display surface of the stereoscopic image is a flat surface, the viewing angle at which the observer can recognize the stereoscopic image can be widened (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
JP-A-11-109287 JP 2005-31367 A

  As described above, even when the display surface has a curved surface shape, a stereoscopic image is generated by combining a predetermined number of parallax images as in the case where the display surface is a flat surface. For this reason, it is necessary to accurately match the pixel pitch of the display surface with the pitch of the optical elements. The same applies to a case where the present invention is applied to a printed product corresponding to a stereoscopic video display device, and it is necessary to accurately match the dot pitch of a stereoscopic image printed on the printed material with the pitch of optical elements.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a dot pitch of a stereoscopic image to be printed on a printed material when the printed surface is not a single plane in a stereoscopic printed product. And the limitation that the pitch of the optical element must be matched.

The first invention for solving the above-described problems is
A printed material (for example, the printed material 30 in FIGS. 1 and 2) arranged on the curved surface of an object having a curved surface (for example, the container 10 in FIGS. 1 and 2) and printed with a stereoscopic image having a predetermined resolution in which a three-dimensional virtual space is drawn. ) And an optical element group (for example, the lens plate 40 in FIGS. 1 and 2) that gives directivity to light rays from the dots of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed material (for example, FIGS. 1 and 2). Printed product 20)
In the printed matter, the color information of each dot renders the three-dimensional virtual space based on the direction of the light beam passing through the representative point of the dot and the representative point of the optical element that gives directivity to the light beam from the dot. A printed product obtained by printing a stereoscopic image obtained by processing.

The thirteenth invention
A printed material (for example, the printed material 30 in FIGS. 1 and 2) arranged on the curved surface of an object having a curved surface (for example, the container 10 in FIGS. 1 and 2) and printed with a stereoscopic image having a predetermined resolution in which a three-dimensional virtual space is drawn. ) And an optical element group (for example, the lens plate 40 in FIGS. 1 and 2) that gives directivity to the light rays from the dots of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed material (for example, the three-dimensional image in FIG. 24). Visual image generation apparatus 1000),
Renders the three-dimensional virtual space based on the direction of light rays passing through the representative point of the dot and the representative point of the optical element that gives directivity to the light ray from the dot, with respect to the color information of each dot in the image print area An image generation apparatus comprising image generation means (for example, a stereoscopic image generation unit 420 in FIG. 24) that generates a stereoscopic image by processing.

The fifteenth invention
A printed material (for example, the printed material 30 in FIGS. 1 and 2) arranged on the curved surface of an object having a curved surface (for example, the container 10 in FIGS. 1 and 2) and printed with a stereoscopic image having a predetermined resolution in which a three-dimensional virtual space is drawn. ) And an optical element group (for example, the lens plate 40 in FIGS. 1 and 2) that gives directivity to light rays from the dots of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed material (for example, FIGS. 1 and 2). An image generation method for generating a stereoscopic image to be printed on the printed material (for example, a stereoscopic image generation process of FIG. 28),
Renders the three-dimensional virtual space based on the direction of light rays passing through the representative point of the dot and the representative point of the optical element that gives directivity to the light ray from the dot, with respect to the color information of each dot in the image print area This is an image generation method characterized by generating a stereoscopic image by processing.

  According to the first, thirteenth, or fifteenth invention, the color information of each dot arranged on the curved surface of the object having a curved surface is optical that gives directivity to the representative point of the dot and the light beam from the dot. A stereoscopic image generated by rendering the three-dimensional virtual space in the direction of the light ray passing through the representative point of the element is printed. That is, a stereoscopic view can be realized in a printed product having a curved print surface with a “pitch mismatch”.

  Further, each dot of the generated / printed stereoscopic image represents the color information of the three-dimensional virtual space based on the direction of the light ray of the dot, and therefore has as many viewpoints as the number of the light rays. That is, it can be said that there are as many viewpoints as the number of dots. Therefore, the viewer's eyes must be positioned at the assumed viewpoint position as in the conventional multi-view method, and the observer is positioned within a certain area as in the super multi-view method. Even if there is an eye at any position, it is possible to achieve a good stereoscopic view.

  On the other hand, the light beam from each dot of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed matter is in a separate direction for each dot. However, when the direction of the light ray is traced, the light ray that passes in the vicinity of the positions of the left eye and the right eye of the observer becomes a substantially uniform direction. Therefore, the image visually recognized by the observer is not accurately color information viewed from the eye position, but is visually recognized with a certain accuracy. Since the resolution of the image at the position of the printing surface is about the width of one optical element, the resolution does not deteriorate significantly as in the super multi-view system.

The second invention is the printed product of the first invention,
The optical element group is a lenticular lens array in which a plurality of lenses are connected as an optical element, and a distance between a printed surface of the printed matter and a principal point surface of the optical element group matches a focal length of the lens. It is the printed processed material characterized by being arrange | positioned.

The third invention is the printed product of the first invention,
The optical element group is a lenticular lens array in which a plurality of lenses are connected as the optical element, and a distance between a printing surface of the printed matter and a principal point surface of the optical element group is D, and a focal length of the lens is F, where S is the pitch in the horizontal scanning direction of the dots of the stereoscopic image and L is the pitch in the horizontal scanning direction of the lens, (LS) · F / L ≦ D ≦ (L + S) · F / L Is a printed product characterized by being arranged so as to hold.

A fourth invention is a printed product according to any one of the first to third inventions,
The optical element group is a printed product in which the arrangement direction of the optical elements is arranged so as to be oblique with respect to the arrangement direction of the dots of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed matter.

5th invention is the container (for example, container 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2) provided with the printed product of any one of 1st-4th invention in the transparent wall part,
The printed product in which the optical element group is disposed on the printed surface of the printed material is a container that is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the container with the printed surface facing outward of the container.

  According to the fifth aspect of the invention, by viewing the printing surface from the outside of the container on the side where the printed product is arranged, a stereoscopic image by a stereoscopic image printed on the printing surface can be recognized.

6th invention is the container (for example, container 10 of FIG. 32) provided with the printed product of any one of 1st-4th invention in the transparent wall part,
The printed matter is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the container with the printing surface facing outward, and the optical element group is disposed at a position of the outer peripheral surface of the container facing the printed matter via the wall portion. Is a container.

  According to the sixth aspect of the invention, by viewing the printed surface from the outside of the container on the side where the printed product is arranged, a stereoscopic image by a stereoscopic image printed on the printed surface can be recognized. In this case, the stereoscopic image to be printed is generated in consideration of the refractive index of the wall portion of the container interposed between the printed material and the optical element group.

7th invention is the container (for example, container 10 of FIG. 34) provided with the printed product of any one of 1st-4th invention in the transparent wall part,
The printed product in which the optical element group is arranged on the printing surface of the printed material is a container that is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the container with the printing surface facing outward of the container.

  According to the seventh aspect of the invention, by viewing the printed surface from the outside of the container on the side where the printed product is arranged, a stereoscopic image by a stereoscopic image printed on the printed surface can be recognized. In this case, the stereoscopic image to be printed is generated in consideration of the refractive index of the wall portion of the container interposed between the printed product and the assumed observation position.

The eighth invention is a container (for example, the container 10 of FIG. 35) provided with the printed product of any one of the first to fourth inventions on a transparent wall,
The printed product in which the optical element group is arranged on the printing surface of the printed material is a container that is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the container with the printing surface facing inward of the container.

  According to the eighth aspect of the invention, by viewing the printing surface from the outside of the container on the side opposite to the side on which the printed product is arranged, a stereoscopic image by a stereoscopic image printed on the printing surface can be recognized. . In this case, the stereoscopic image to be printed is generated in consideration of the refractive index of the wall portion of the container interposed between the printed product and the assumed observation position.

A ninth invention is a container (for example, the container 10 of FIG. 36) provided with a printed product according to any one of the first to fourth inventions on a transparent wall,
The printed matter is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the container with the printing surface facing the inner side of the container, and the optical element group is arranged at a position of the inner peripheral surface of the container facing the printed matter via the wall portion. Is a container.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, by viewing the printed surface from the outside of the container opposite to the side on which the printed product is arranged, a stereoscopic image by a stereoscopic image printed on the printed surface can be recognized. . In this case, the stereoscopic image to be printed is generated in consideration of the refractive index of the wall portion of the container interposed between the printed material and the optical element group or between the printed material and the assumed observation position.

A tenth invention is a container (for example, the container 10 of FIG. 37) provided with a printed product according to any one of the first to fourth inventions on a transparent wall,
A printed product in which the optical element group is arranged on a printing surface of the printed material is a container that is arranged on an outer peripheral surface of the container with the printing surface facing inward of the container.

  According to the tenth aspect of the invention, by viewing the printed surface from the outside of the container on the side opposite to the side on which the printed product is arranged, a stereoscopic image by a stereoscopic image printed on the printed surface can be recognized. . In this case, the stereoscopic image to be printed is generated in consideration of the refractive index of the wall portion of the container interposed between the printed product and the assumed observation position.

The eleventh invention is the container of any of the eighth to tenth inventions,
The container can be filled with liquid,
The stereoscopic image printed on the printed material is a stereoscopic image that is further rendered based on the refractive index of the liquid filled in the container.

  According to the eleventh aspect, the stereoscopic image cannot be recognized when the container is not filled with the liquid, and can be recognized only when the container is filled.

  A twelfth aspect of the invention is a cylindrical object (for example, the container 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2) provided with a printed product according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the invention on a transparent wall.

  According to the twelfth aspect, by viewing a stereoscopic image printed on the printed matter from a predetermined direction outside the object, a stereoscopic video image based on the stereoscopic image can be recognized.

A fourteenth aspect of the invention is the image generation apparatus of the thirteenth aspect of the invention,
The image generating means includes
As the dot-specific viewpoint corresponding to each dot, the reverse direction of the light beam after passing through the representative point of the dot and the representative point of the optical element that gives directivity to the reflected light beam from the representative point of the dot is the dot. Calculating means (for example, the dot-specific viewpoint / line-of-sight direction setting unit 421 in FIG. 24) that calculates the line-of-sight direction for each dot corresponding to
An image generating apparatus characterized in that the rendering process is performed by rendering the three-dimensional virtual space based on the dot-specific viewpoints calculated by the calculating means.

The sixteenth aspect of the invention is the image generation method of the fifteenth aspect of the invention,
As the dot-specific viewpoint corresponding to each dot, the reverse direction of the light beam after passing through the representative point of the dot and the representative point of the optical element that gives directivity to the reflected light beam from the representative point of the dot is the dot. A stereoscopic view image by calculating the line-of-sight direction of the dot-specific viewpoint corresponding to each of the images, rendering the three-dimensional virtual space based on the calculated dot-specific viewpoint, and obtaining color information of the dot corresponding to the dot-specific viewpoint. Is an image generation method characterized by generating.

  According to the fourteenth or sixteenth aspect, the reverse direction of the light beam is defined as the line-of-sight direction corresponding to the dot, and the color information of the dot is obtained by rendering the three-dimensional virtual space based on the dot-specific viewpoint. It is determined. This rendering method may use any known method, but only the color information of the dot needs to be determined, so it is necessary to obtain the color information of the entire three-dimensional virtual space viewed from the dot-specific viewpoint. Absent. Therefore, for example, the ray tracing method is suitable.

  According to the present invention, the color information of each dot arranged on a curved surface of an object having a curved surface passes through the representative point of the dot and the representative point of the optical element that gives directivity to the light beam from the dot. A stereoscopic image generated by rendering the three-dimensional virtual space in the direction is printed. That is, a stereoscopic view can be realized in a printed product having a curved print surface with a “pitch mismatch”.

  Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, hatching is not drawn in order to clearly show the direction of light rays. In the following, a stereoscopic print processed product using a lenticular lens array as the optical element group will be described, but the application of the present invention is not limited to this.

[Product]
FIG. 1 is a view showing a product 1 to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 1 (a) shows a perspective view of the product 1, and FIG. 1 (b) shows a cross-sectional view of the product 1 taken along the line AA ′. Show. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the product 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the product 1 includes a container 10, a printed material 30, and a lens plate 40. Further, the printed product 20 is formed by the printed material 30 and the lens plate 40.

  The container 10 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape by a transparent plastic or the like. The printed material 30 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape with a small thickness using paper or plastic, and a stereoscopic image generated by a fractional view method (hereinafter referred to as “FV method”), which will be described later, is printed on one surface. Has been. This printed matter 30 is provided in close contact with the outer peripheral surface half of the wall portion of the container 10 by adhesion or the like with the surface (printing surface) 31 on which the stereoscopic image is printed facing outward. The lens plate 40 is an optical element group such as a lenticular lens array, and is formed in a substantially rectangular shape having the same size as the printed material 30. The lens plate 40 is bent along the outer peripheral surface of the container 10 so as to cover the stereoscopic image printed on the printed material 30, and is provided in close contact with the printed surface 31 of the printed material 30 by adhesion or the like.

  The reflected light of each dot of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed matter 30 is provided with directivity by the lens plate 40 to realize stereoscopic vision, and the observer OP views (observes) the container 10 from a predetermined direction. This makes it possible to recognize stereoscopic images.

  In the present embodiment, the stereoscopic image printed on the printed material 30 is generated by the new method of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as FV (Fractional View) method). Unlike conventional stereoscopic methods such as the multi-view method, this FV method breaks the trade-off relationship between the number of viewpoints and video resolution, and can achieve both natural stereoscopic vision and high resolution. This is a new stereoscopic method that can realize stereoscopic vision without matching the lens pitch and the dot pitch of the stereoscopic image to be printed. Hereinafter, the generation of the FV stereoscopic image will be described in detail.

[FV method]
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an outline of stereoscopic image generation by the FV method in the present embodiment, and is a vertical sectional view with respect to the printing surface 31. As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, for each dot DT of the stereoscopic image printed on the printing surface 31, (1) a representative point of the dot DT (for example, the center of the dot DT) and the dot DT A line-of-sight V having a line-of-sight direction as a reverse direction of the light beam after passing through the principal point of the corresponding lens (optical element) 42 is determined, and (2) color information of the object OB in the line-of-sight direction of the determined line-of-sight V By setting the color information of the dot DT (rendering), a stereoscopic image is generated. In the present embodiment, the printed material 30 has a curved surface shape, but since the drawing is a schematic diagram, the printed material 30 is shown as a planar shape.

(1) Determination of the line of sight V The line of sight V is a configuration parameter of a printed product on which a stereoscopic image is printed (as will be described later, the relative positional relationship between the printed material 30 and the lens plate 40 and the dots of the stereoscopic image to be printed). The pitch, the lens pitch of the lens plate 40, the focal length, and the like) and the assumed position of the observer (hereinafter referred to as “assumed observation position”). Specifically, for each dot DT, a lens (optical element) corresponding to the dot DT is determined based on the configuration parameters of the printed product and the assumed observation position, and the dot DT determined as the representative point of the dot DT. A light ray after passing through the principal point of the lens corresponding to (hereinafter referred to as “representative ray”) is calculated. Then, the line of sight having the same position as that of the representative ray and having the direction reversed is determined as the line of sight V of the dot. Note that the assumed observation position is the position of the observer's viewpoint relative to the print surface 31.

  Here, the printed product in the present embodiment will be described in detail. In the present embodiment, a stereoscopic image to be printed on a printed material of a lenticular printing product is generated. The lenticular printing work uses a lenticular lens array as an optical element group, a lenticular lens array is mounted at a fixed distance from the printed surface of the printed material, and an observer prints the stereoscopic image printed on the printed material through the lenticular lens array. By viewing (observing) the image, the observer is made to recognize stereoscopic vision. Further, lenticular printing products are classified into two types, (A) vertical lenticular method and (B) oblique lenticular method, depending on the positional relationship between the printed material and the lenticular lens array.

(A) Vertical lenticular method FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of a printed product 20A of the vertical lenticular method. FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view in the horizontal direction (horizontal scanning direction) with respect to the printing surface 31 of the printed material 30 of the printed material 20A, and FIG. 4B is a plan view of the printed material 20A viewed from the observer side. FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the printed product 20 </ b> A mainly includes a printed material 30 and a lens plate 40. The printed material 30 and the lens plate 40 have substantially the same radius of curvature and are arranged in parallel to each other.

  The printed material 30 is formed of paper or plastic, and a stereoscopic image with a predetermined resolution is printed on one surface. Further, since the printed material 30 is provided in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the container 10, the printed material 30 has a curved surface shape having a curvature radius corresponding to the outer peripheral radius of the cross-sectional circle of the container 10.

  The lens plate 40 is a concavo-convex surface formed by connecting one surface of a microlens (hereinafter simply referred to as a “lens”) 41 which is a semi-cylindrical cross section (saddle-shaped) or an optical element optically equivalent thereto. The other surface is a substantially flat lenticular lens array. Each lens 42 of the lens plate 40 functions to give directivity to the light beam (reflected light beam) reflected by each dot DT of the stereoscopic image printed on the printing surface 31. Further, since the lens plate 40 is bent along the outer peripheral surface of the container 10 and is provided in close contact with the printing surface 31 of the printed material 30, the outer peripheral radius of the cross-sectional circle of the container 10 is the same as that of the printed material 30. It has a curved surface shape with a corresponding radius of curvature.

  Specifically, the lens plate 40 includes a flat substrate 41 and a plurality of lenses 42 provided on one surface of the substrate 41, and the other of the substrates 41 on which the lens 42 is not provided. Are arranged in close contact with the printing surface 31. The lens plate 40 is configured such that the thickness of the substrate 41 coincides with the focal length F of each lens 42, whereby the distance G between the principal point surface of the lens plate 40 and the printing surface 31 is set to each. The lens 42 is disposed so as to substantially coincide with the focal length F of the lens 42.

For example, FIG. 5A shows a state in which G = F, and when viewed from a specific direction, one dot DT is magnified to the full extent of the lens 42 and observed. As described above, it is ideal that the distance G and the focal length F coincide with each other. However, when accuracy is difficult, a certain amount of error may be included. For example, even in a position where the distance G is slightly away from the focal length F, that is, in the state shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C, when viewed from a specific direction, one dot DT is magnified to the full lens 42 and observed. The However, when the distance G is further away from the focal length F, the lens 42 also reflects the adjacent dot DT, so that the image quality of the observed stereoscopic image is impaired. That is, if the length of the dot pitch of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed material 30 is S and the length of the lens pitch of the lens plate 40 is L, the distance G may be arranged so as to satisfy the following equation (2). For example, it is possible to realize a stereoscopic view with better image quality than the case where it is not.
(LS) · F / L ≤ G ≤ (L + S) · F / L (2)

In the IP system, the distance G is longer than the focal length F in order to form an image at a constant distance C. That is, the following expression (3) is established. In this respect, the system in this embodiment is different in principle from the IP system.
1 / G + 1 / C = 1 / F, that is, G = (C · F) / (C−F)> F (3)

  In the light beam reproduction method, since an image is formed at a plurality of distances, a lens cannot be used as an optical element, and a pinhole is used. In this respect, the method in the present embodiment is also different in principle from the light beam reproduction method.

  By arranging the printed matter 30 and the lens plate 40 in this way, the focal length F of each lens 42 is concentrated on one point of the printing surface 31 of the printed matter 30, and the dot DT where the focal point is located is enlarged and observed by the lens 42. Will be. In addition, when it can be considered that it is optically substantially equivalent, you may arrange | position so that the uneven surface of the lens plate 40 may oppose the printing surface 31 of the printed matter 30. FIG.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, the lens plate 40 has a principal dotted line (a collection of principal points. Each lens of the lenticular lens array has a semi-cylindrical cross section (a saddle shape). 43 is arranged so that the direction of 43 coincides with the dot arrangement direction in the vertical direction (vertical scanning direction) of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed material 30. In FIG. 4B, a line 44 indicates an end portion of each lens 42 of the lens plate 40.

By the way, in the conventional lenticular stereoscopic printed product, the lens pitch of the lens plate and the dot pitch of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed product are matched (hereinafter simply referred to as “pitch match”). Is done. That is, in the case of the n-eye system, the following expression (4) is established.
L = n · S (4)

Further, when the observer actually sees a stereoscopic image of the printed product, the observer's viewpoint is located at a finite distance from the printing surface. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the line-of-sight direction of the observer's viewpoint differs depending on the location of the printing surface, and thus the correspondence between the lens and the dot is shifted. Therefore, the substantial lens pitch L ′ is given by the following equation (5).
L ′ = L (D + F) (5)
Where D is the distance between the observer's viewpoint and the print surface.

Therefore, strictly speaking, it can be said that the following equation (6) is satisfied is a “pitch match” state, and that the following equation (6) is not satisfied is a “pitch mismatch” state.
L ′ = n · S (6)

  Further, the relationship of the above equation (6) is established at any place on the printing surface as long as the observation distance is constant. In other words, the matching of the pitch means that the ratio n (= L / S) between the substantial lens pitch L and the dot pitch S is equal at any location on the printing surface.

  However, when the printing surface 31 is a curved surface, the ratio between the lens pitch and the dot pitch varies depending on the location of the printing surface 31 as shown in FIG. In addition, the figure has shown the horizontal direction sectional view with respect to the printing surface 31 of the printed material 30 of this embodiment. As shown in the figure, the ratio of the substantial lens pitch L1 and dot pitch S1 for the lens having the smallest distance from the viewpoint is n1 = L1 / S1, and from this, the distance along the curved surface of the printing surface 31 is increased. If the ratio of the substantial lens pitch L2 to the dot pitch S2 for the lens at the position is n2 = L2 / S2, generally, n1 = n2 is not established.

  For this reason, in the case of a printed product whose printing surface is a curved surface, in order to achieve a “pitch match” state, the pitch of each lens is changed along the direction along the curved surface of the printing surface, or the printing surface 31 Therefore, it is necessary to change the enlargement / reduction ratio of printing, that is, to change the dot pitch, and it is very difficult to adjust the pitch accurately.

(B) Diagonal lenticular method FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of a print processed product 20B of the oblique lenticular method. FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view in the transverse direction with respect to the printing surface 31 of the printed material 30 of the printed material 20B, and FIG. 2B is a plan view of the printed material 20B viewed from the observer side.

  In the slanted lenticular type printed product 20B, the direction of the principal dotted line 43 of each lens 42 of the lens plate 40 (the end 44 of the lens 42) is oblique with respect to the dot arrangement direction of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed material 30. Be placed. By doing in this way, the transition of parallax when the printing surface 31 is seen through the lens plate 40 can be made smoother. Further, in the case of a vertical lenticular, the arrangement of the lenses of the lenticular lens array is such that the arrangement of dots of the stereoscopic image printed is an oblique arrangement with an angle from the horizontal and vertical directions, as shown in FIG. Also good. Any method may be used to make the dot arrangement of the printed stereoscopic image diagonal, but for example, as shown in FIG. 44, it can be realized by cutting out a stereoscopic image printed horizontally and vertically in an oblique region. By doing in this way, the effect of smoothing the transition of parallax can be obtained as in the case where the arrangement of the lenses of the lenticular lens array is inclined.

  According to FIG. 8, the printed product 20 </ b> B includes a printed product 30 and a lens plate 40, similarly to the vertical lenticular stereoscopic printed product 20 </ b> A.

In the oblique lenticular printed product 20B, the lens plate 40 has the principal dotted line 43 in the vertical dot arrangement direction of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed material 30 as shown in FIG. It arrange | positions so that the angle (theta) may be made with respect to. Accordingly, the lens pitch (lens width along the dot pitch direction of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed matter 30) M in the cross-sectional view shown in FIG.
M = L / cos θ (10)

  Incidentally, in the conventional oblique processed lenticular method and the printed surface is a flat printed surface, as shown in FIG. 9A, although it is a five-lens type, the lens pitch M ′ is set to 2.5 of the dot pitch S. In some cases, a method in which the lens pitch M ′ is matched with 3.5 times the dot pitch S may be used, although a method in which the lens pitch M ′ is matched with 3.5 times as shown in FIG.

  However, for example, in the case of a dot arrangement (five-eye type) as shown in FIG. 9A, it is assumed that the dot arrangement is as shown in FIG. Therefore, due to the difference from the actual arrangement, there is a problem that crosstalk in which two objects with different parallax are observed in one eye and the object looks double is remarkable.

Incidentally, in the conventional oblique lenticular type printed matter (multi-lens type) as shown in FIG. 9, the formulas (7a) and (7b) become the following formulas (13a) and (13b).
λ = 2.5σ, that is, λ: σ = 5: 2 (in the case of FIG. 9A) (13a)
λ = 3.5σ, that is, λ: σ = 7: 2 (in the case of FIG. 9B) (13b)

  As described above, in the conventional multi-view stereoscopic vision, the same viewpoint is repeated at a certain length in the horizontal direction. In addition, in these multi-view systems, images (individual viewpoint images) based on n preset viewpoints (individual viewpoints) are generated, and these images are rearranged (interleaved) according to the viewpoint repetition pattern. Thus, a stereoscopic image is generated.

  As described above, the present embodiment generates a stereoscopic image to be printed on a printed product that does not match the pitch. In other words, the conventional lenticular printing product needs to be designed so that the lens pitch matches the dot pitch in order to make stereoscopic viewing possible, especially for a printing product with a curved printing surface. It was very difficult to adjust the pitch. However, in the present embodiment, it is not necessary to accurately adjust the pitch, and the stereoscopic view can be easily made.

  Next, a method for determining the line of sight V of each dot DT of the stereoscopic image printed on the printing surface 31 will be described. Before that, the coordinate system of the printing surface 31 is defined as shown in FIG. That is, the tangential direction in the horizontal direction (horizontal scanning direction) at the center O of the printing surface 31 is defined as the x-axis direction, and the direction along the vertical direction (vertical scanning direction) is defined as the y-axis direction. The direction of the normal line toward the observer OP side in FIG.

  First, as shown in FIG. 11, the assumed observation position 50 is set to “front” with respect to the printing surface 31 of the printed product. The “front” assumed observation position 50 is a position where the viewing line of sight passing through the center O of the printing surface 31 is perpendicular to the printing surface 31. Hereinafter, the distance D between the assumed observation position 50 and the printing surface 31 is referred to as “assumed observation distance D”. A method of determining the line of sight V when the assumed observation position 50 is “front position and a fixed position at a finite distance” will be described for each vertical / oblique lenticular printing work. In the following, a method of determining the line of sight V for one dot DT will be described, but other dots DT can be determined in a similar manner.

(A) In the case of the vertical lenticular method A method of determining the line of sight V when the printed material is the vertical lenticular method will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 12 is a partial schematic perspective view of a vertical lenticular printing work 20A. FIG. 13 is a schematic three-side view of the printed workpiece 20A, and FIG. 13 (a) is a cross-sectional view (horizontal direction cross-sectional view) taken along the line BB ′ parallel to the xz plane of FIG. FIG. 13B shows a cross-sectional view (vertical cross-sectional view) taken along the line CC ′ parallel to the yz plane of FIG. 12, and FIG. 13C shows an xy plan view. Yes. The lens plate 40 and the printed material 30 are arranged so that the distance between the principal point surface of the lens plate 40 and the printing surface 31 coincides with the focal length F of each lens 42.

  First, a lens 42 corresponding to a dot (hereinafter referred to as “target dot”, which is indicated by a slanted line in the figure) DT for determining the line of sight V is determined. Specifically, in FIG. 13A, the printing surface 31 is divided into projection areas 32 of the lenses 42 by a straight line from the assumed observation position 50 to the end 44 of each lens 42. Then, the corresponding lens 42 is determined depending on which projection region 32 the representative point of the target dot DT (here, the center of the dot DT) belongs. However, FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view passing through a representative point of the target dot DT.

  In FIG. 5A, the printing surface 31 includes a projection area 32-21 of the lens 42-21, a projection area 32-22 of the lens 42-22, a projection area 32-23 of the lens 42-23, and so on. It is divided into Since the representative point of the target dot DT belongs to the projection area 32-21, the lens 42 corresponding to the target dot DT becomes the lens 42-21.

  Next, a representative ray after passing through the representative point of the target dot DT and the principal point of the lens 42 corresponding to the target dot DT is calculated, and the line of sight is the same as the calculated representative ray but in the opposite direction. The line of sight V of the target dot DT is assumed. Specifically, in FIG. 13B, a straight line LN1 connecting the representative point of the target dot DT and the assumed observation position 50, and the principal point surface of the lens plate 40 (a surface including the principal point of each lens 42. Print surface). The y-coordinate of the intersection with 44 (which is a plane parallel to 31) is calculated. The calculated y coordinate is assumed to be “y1”. However, FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view passing through the representative point of the target dot DT. Next, a point whose y coordinate is “y1” is calculated from the main dotted lines of the lens 42 corresponding to the target dot DT, and this is set as the representative main point 43a. Then, the representative ray PR after passing through the representative point of the target dot DT and the representative principal point 43a is calculated, and the line of sight V of the target dot DT is the same as the representative ray PR but in the opposite direction. And

(B) In the case of the oblique lenticular method Next, a method of determining the line of sight V when the printed product is the oblique lenticular method will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 14 is a partial schematic perspective view of an oblique lenticular printing work 20B. FIG. 15 is a schematic three-side view of the printed product 20B, and FIG. 15A is a cross-sectional view (horizontal cross-sectional view) taken along the line DD ′ parallel to the xz plane of FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view (vertical cross-sectional view) taken along the line EE ′ parallel to the yz plane of FIG. 14, and FIG. 15C is an xy plan view of FIG. 14. Is shown. The lens plate 40 and the printed material 30 are arranged so that the distance between the principal point surface of the lens plate 40 and the printing surface 31 coincides with the focal length F of each lens 42.

  First, in FIG. 15B, the y coordinate of the intersection of the straight line LN2 connecting the representative point of the target dot DT and the assumed observation position 50 and the principal point plane 44 of the lens plate 40 is calculated. The calculated y coordinate is assumed to be “y2”. However, FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view passing through the representative point of the target dot DT.

  Next, in FIG. 15A, each lens 42 is projected onto the printing surface 31 from the assumed observation position 50, and the printing surface 31 is divided into projection areas 32 of each lens 42. The corresponding lens 42 is determined depending on which projection region 32 the representative point of the target dot DT belongs to. However, FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view in which the y coordinate is “y2” calculated previously.

  In FIG. 15A, the printing surface 31 includes a projection area 32-31 of the lens 42-31, a projection area 32-31 of the lens 42-32, a projection area 32-31 of the lens 42-33,. It is divided into Since the representative point of the target dot DT belongs to the projection area 32-31, the lens 42 corresponding to the target dot DT becomes the lens 42-31.

  Subsequently, among the main dotted lines 43 of the lens 42 corresponding to the target dot DT, a point whose y coordinate is “y2” is calculated, and this is set as a representative main point 43a. Then, the representative ray PR after passing through the representative point of the target dot DT and the representative principal point 43a is calculated, and the line of sight V of the target dot DT is the same as the representative ray PR but in the opposite direction. And

  Thus, when the assumed observation position is “front”, each dot line of sight V of the stereoscopic image printed on the printing surface 31 is determined. In the above, the light incident on each lens 42 is not refracted (that is, the direction from the representative point of the target dot DT to the representative principal point of the lens 42 corresponding to the target dot DT matches the direction of the representative light PR). Strictly speaking, as shown in FIG. 16, the representative ray PR causes a representative point of the target dot DT and a representative principal point 43a of the lens 42 corresponding to the target dot DT to be refracted as shown in FIG. The y-coordinate position slightly deviates from the connecting line and does not match. Therefore, it is more preferable that the line of sight V of each dot DT is accurately obtained by calculating and correcting this shift.

  As described above, after the line of sight V corresponding to each dot DT is determined, as shown in FIG. 17, a dot-specific viewpoint CM corresponding to the virtual camera is set for each dot DT based on the determined line of sight V. Here, the dot-specific viewpoint CM of the dot DT is set for the dot DT, but the dot-specific viewpoint CM is not particularly set, and a drawing range in the z direction common to the line of sight V for all the dots DT is set. Drawing may be performed for each line of sight V.

  FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining setting of the dot-specific viewpoint CM, and shows a partial horizontal cross-sectional view of the printing surface 31. As shown in the figure, the dot-specific viewpoint CM (CM1, CM2,...) Of each dot DT (DT1, DT2,...) Has a line of sight V (V1, V2,. Set so that Further, the distance between each dot-specific viewpoint CM and the printing surface 31 is set so as to be located on a cylindrical surface parallel to the printing surface 31, for example, as shown in FIG.

  In the figure, the line of sight V of the dots DT1, DT2,... Is the line of sight V1, V2,. Accordingly, the dot-specific viewpoint CM of the dot DT1 is the line-of-sight viewpoint CM1 of the line-of-sight direction V1. Further, the dot-specific viewpoint CM of the dot DT2 is such that the line of sight V2 is the dot-specific viewpoint CM2 in the line-of-sight direction. Further, similarly for the dots DT3, DT4,..., The viewpoints CM by dot are the viewpoints CM3, CM4,.

(2) Rendering After setting the dot-specific viewpoint CM for each dot DT, a stereoscopic image is generated by rendering a three-dimensional virtual space based on the set dot-specific viewpoint CM. Specifically, for each dot DT, color information (RGB value, α value, etc.) of the object space in the line-of-sight direction of the dot-specific viewpoint CM corresponding to the dot DT is calculated, and the calculated color information is calculated for the dot DT. A stereoscopic image is generated by using color information.

  FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining calculation of color information, and shows a partial cross-sectional view of the printing surface 31 in the horizontal direction. As shown in the figure, for each dot DT of the stereoscopic image on the printing surface 31, the color information of the object space in the line-of-sight direction of the corresponding dot-specific viewpoint CM is calculated, and the calculated color information is used as the color information of the dot DT. And The color information calculation method is realized by, for example, a so-called ray-tracing method that is determined based on light rays along the line-of-sight direction from the dot-specific viewpoint CM.

  In the figure, the dot-specific viewpoints CM of the dots DT1, DT2, DT3,... Are the dot-specific viewpoints CM1, CM2, CM3,. Accordingly, the color information of the dot DT1 becomes color information of the object space in the line-of-sight direction of the dot-specific viewpoint CM1, and the color information of the dot DT2 becomes color information of the object space in the line-of-sight direction of the dot-specific viewpoint CM2. Further, each of the dots DT3, DT4,... Is color information of the object space in the line-of-sight direction of the corresponding dot-specific viewpoints CM3, CM4,.

  Here, as an object space, for example, as shown in FIG. 19, a spherical object OB is arranged and set in the container 10 in a three-dimensional virtual space. As a result, a viewer who sees the printed product 20 from a predetermined position outside the container 10 can recognize a stereoscopic image as if the object OB is arranged in the container 10.

  Thus, in this embodiment, for each dot DT of the stereoscopic image on the printing surface 31, (1) the line of sight V is determined, and (2) the color information of the line of sight of the determined line of sight V is used as the color of the dot DT. A stereoscopic image is generated by using information (rendering).

  Note that when the image generated in this way is printed as a stereoscopic image on the printed material of the printed product according to the present embodiment, the image visually recognized by the observer is slightly less accurate than the conventional stereoscopic image. Become a statue.

  FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining that the stereoscopic image of the present embodiment is slightly inaccurate, and shows a partial cross-sectional view of the printing surface 31 in the horizontal direction. In the figure, when the print surface 31 of the printed product 20 is viewed from the observer's right eye EY1, the dot DT1 can be seen through the lens 42-1, the dot DT2 can be seen through the lens 42-2, and the lens 42-3. A dot DT3 can be seen through.

  By the way, the color information of the dot DT1 is the color information of the object space in the line-of-sight direction of the dot-specific viewpoint CM1, the color information of the dot DT2 is the color information of the object space in the line-of-sight direction of the dot-specific viewpoint CM2, The color information of the dot DT3 is color information of the object space in the line-of-sight direction of the dot-specific viewpoint CM3. That is, since the right eye EY1 does not coincide with the dot-specific viewpoints CM1, CM2, and CM3, the color information of each dot DT recognized by the observer is not accurate color information viewed from the position.

  However, the positions of the dot-specific viewpoints CM1, CM2, and CM3 are in the vicinity of the right eye EY1, and the line-of-sight directions of the right eye EY1 are the dots DT1, DT2 via the lenses 42-1, 42-2, and 42-3. , DT3 is slightly shifted from the viewing direction. For this reason, the image (color information) visually recognized by the observer's right eye EY1 is not an accurate image (color information) viewed from the position, but is visually recognized with a certain degree of clarity.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the number of viewpoints (views) is extremely large, and natural stereoscopic vision is possible. This will be described with reference to FIG. 21 compared with the conventional multi-view stereoscopic vision.

  FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an outline (image) of a conventional multi-view type stereoscopic view, and shows a case of a trinocular type. As shown in the upper side of the figure, in the conventional three-eye stereoscopic view, three individual viewpoints PV1, PV2, and PV3 are set at an appropriate distance in the object space, and the individual viewpoints PV1, PV2, and PV3 are set. Individual viewpoint images PC1, PC2 and PC3 of the object space viewed from each are generated. Then, a stereoscopic image is generated by interleaving these three individual viewpoint images PC1, PC2, and PC3. In the figure, the number of each dot of the stereoscopic image represents the number of the corresponding individual viewpoint image (individual viewpoint). Further, the positions and line-of-sight directions of the individual viewpoints PV1, PV2, and PV3 are rough because they are schematic diagrams (images), and are not accurate.

  Then, as shown on the lower side of the figure, when the generated stereoscopic image is printed on a printed product of a conventional trinocular stereoscopic print product and viewed from each of the appropriate viewing positions PS1, PS2, PS3, The individual viewpoint image PC1 is visible at the appropriate viewing position PS1, the individual viewpoint image PC2 is visible at the appropriate viewing position PS2, and the individual viewpoint image PC3 is visible at the appropriate viewing position PS3. More specifically, the individual viewpoint image PC1 can be seen in the suitable viewing range 1 that is substantially centered on the suitable viewing position PS1, and the individual viewpoint image PC2 can be seen in the suitable viewing range 2 that is substantially centered on the suitable viewing position PS2. The individual viewpoint image PC3 can be seen in the enemy vision range 3 that is substantially centered on PS3. However, in the same figure, the appropriate viewing range is a schematic diagram (image), so it is approximate and not accurate.

  That is, when the observer OP views the stereoscopic image at a position where the right eye EY1 substantially coincides with the appropriate viewing position PS2 and the left eye EY2 substantially coincides with the appropriate viewing position PS1, the right eye EY1 can see the individual viewpoint image PC2 and the left eye. In EY2, the stereoscopic image is recognized by viewing the individual viewpoint image PC1. That is, this corresponds to a state in which the object space is viewed with the right eye EY1 as the individual viewpoint image PC2 and the left eye EY2 as the individual viewpoint image PC1.

  Further, when the position of the observer OP moves to the right with respect to the stereoscopic image, when the right eye EY1 or the left eye EY2 passes through the boundary portion of the appropriate viewing range, an image that can be seen with the right eye EY1 or the left eye EY2 Switch to. Specifically, for example, when the right eye EY1 passes through the boundary portion between the suitable viewing range 2 and the suitable viewing range 3, the image seen by the right eye EY1 is switched from the individual viewpoint image PC2 to the individual viewpoint image PC3. Further, when the left eye EY2 passes through the boundary portion between the suitable viewing range 1 and the suitable viewing range 2, the image seen by the left eye EY2 is switched from the individual viewpoint image PC1 to the individual viewpoint image PC2.

  This is because in conventional multi-view stereoscopic vision, each individual viewpoint image viewed from n individual viewpoints is interleaved to generate a stereoscopic image, which is designed to match the pitch. This is because the stereoscopic view is realized by printing on the printed product of the formula. That is, in the conventional stereoscopic print product, a stereoscopic image is separated into individual viewpoint images by a lenticular lens array.

  Furthermore, in the conventional oblique lenticular printing work, the dot arrangement as shown in FIG. 22 (a) is actually the dot arrangement as shown in FIG. 22 (b). The drawing process is performed as if it were something. For this reason, crosstalk (a phenomenon in which images at adjacent viewpoint positions appear to be mixed) due to a difference from the actual arrangement has occurred, causing a problem that the individual viewpoint images are not separable.

  FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an outline (image) of stereoscopic vision of the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, as described above, a dot-specific viewpoint CM is set for each dot DT, and the color information of the object space in the line-of-sight direction of each dot-specific viewpoint CM is used as the color information of the corresponding dot DT. An image is generated. That is, as shown in the upper side of the figure, dot-specific viewpoints CM1, CM2, CM3,... Equal to the number of dots are set, and the respective dot viewpoints CM1, CM2, CM3,. A stereoscopic image is generated using the color information as the color information of the dots DT1, DT2, DT3,. In the figure, the number of each dot DT of the stereoscopic image represents the number of the corresponding dot viewpoint CM.

  The stereoscopic image generated in this way is printed on the printed product 20 of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, and the observer OP views the stereoscopic image at the position shown on the lower side of the figure. Then, the image A composed of dots DT1, DT2, DT3,... Can be seen in the left eye EY2, and the image B composed of dots DT11, DT12, DT13,. That is, the left eye EY2 corresponds to a viewpoint group including the dot-specific viewpoints CM1, CM2,..., And the right eye EY1 corresponds to a viewpoint group including the dot-specific viewpoints CM11, CM12,. To do.

  Then, when the position of the observer OP moves slightly to the right with respect to the stereoscopic image, an image that is visible to the left eye EY2 of the observer OP is an image in which some of the dots DT of the image A are replaced with the adjacent dots DT. The image changes to A ′ and the image seen by the right eye EY1 changes to an image B ′ in which a part of the dots DT of the image B is replaced with the adjacent dots DT.

  Thus, in this embodiment, when the position (observation position) of the observer who views the stereoscopic image changes, the images seen in each of the right eye EY1 and the left eye EY2 change little by little with this change. Specifically, the image changes to an image in which some dots are replaced by neighboring dots. Therefore, the recognized image changes little by little as the image seen by each of the right eye EY1 and the left eye EY2 of the observer OP changes little by little.

  For this reason, for example, an image seen at the boundary portion of the appropriate viewing range suddenly switches like the conventional multi-view stereoscopic image shown in FIG. 21 (that is, the recognized stereoscopic image suddenly changes). ), A natural stereoscopic image that changes little by little as the observation position changes can be realized, and the clarity of the image visually recognized by the observer is maintained above a certain level.

  As described above, the images that are visible to the observer OP's right eye EY1 and left eye EY2 are images that are slightly inaccurate from the actual images. However, the line-of-sight direction in which each eye sees each dot DT is substantially along the line-of-sight direction of the dot-specific viewpoint CM of the dot DT, as shown in the lower side of FIG. That is, the line-of-sight direction in which the left eye EY2 views each dot DT1, DT2,... Of the image A is the line-of-sight direction of the dot-specific viewpoints CM1, CM2,. The direction is almost along. Similarly, for the right eye EY1, the line-of-sight direction for viewing each dot DT11, DT12,... Of the image B is the dot-specific viewpoints CM11, CM12,. The direction is substantially along the line-of-sight direction. For this reason, the image visually recognized by the observer has clarity that can be visually recognized as an image, although it is slightly inaccurate. Further, as described above, even if the position of the observer is changed, the clarity of the visually recognized image is kept constant.

  In addition, the stereoscopic image recognized by the observer in the present embodiment can have the same resolution as the conventional multi-view stereoscopic image. For example, in the printed product 20A shown in FIG. 4, the lens pitch L is 3 to 4 times the dot pitch S in subpixel units. Therefore, in the printed product 20A, the resolution of about 1/3 to 1/4 of the resolution of the dots of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed material 30, that is, the same level as the conventional 3-4 eye stereoscopic image. The resolution will be obtained.

  As described above, in the stereoscopic vision according to the present embodiment, although the accuracy of the recognized stereoscopic video is slightly lacking, it has the same resolution as the conventional multi-view stereoscopic video and has a viewpoint (view). ) Can be realized as a natural stereoscopic image.

[Stereoscopic image generation device]
Next, a stereoscopic image generation device based on the above-described principle will be described. Such a stereoscopic image generation apparatus generates a stereoscopic image to be printed on the printed product 20 for stereoscopic viewing.

  FIG. 24 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the stereoscopic image generation apparatus 1000 according to the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the stereoscopic image generation apparatus 1000 includes an input unit 100, a display unit 200, a printing unit 300, a processing unit 400, and a storage unit 500.

  The input unit 100 receives an operation instruction from the user and outputs an operation signal corresponding to the operation to the processing unit 400. This function is realized by an input device such as a button switch, lever, joystick, mouse, trackball, keyboard, tablet, touch panel, or various sensors.

  The display unit 200 displays a display screen based on the display signal from the processing unit 400. This function is realized by a display device such as a CRT, LCD, or PDP. The printing unit 300 prints the stereoscopic image generated by the stereoscopic image generation unit 420 at a predetermined position on the printed material 30. This function is realized by a printing apparatus such as a printer.

  The processing unit 400 performs various arithmetic processes such as control of the entire stereoscopic image generation apparatus 1000 and image generation. This function is realized by, for example, an arithmetic device such as a CPU (CISC type, RISC type) or ASIC (gate array or the like) or its control program. In the present embodiment, the processing unit 400 includes an object space setting unit 410 that sets an object space that is a three-dimensional virtual space, and a stereoscopic image generation that generates a stereoscopic image of the object space set by the object space setting unit 410. Part 420.

  The stereoscopic image generation unit 420 includes a dot-specific viewpoint / line-of-sight direction setting unit 421 and a color information calculation unit 422, and executes processing according to the stereoscopic image generation program 510 of the storage unit 500. A stereoscopic image of the object space set by the setting unit 410 is generated, and the generated stereoscopic image is printed by the printing unit 300.

  The dot-specific viewpoint / line-of-sight direction setting unit 421 sets the dot-specific viewpoint CM in the object space with reference to the container data 521, the printed work data 522, and the assumed observation position data 523. Specifically, for each dot DT of the stereoscopic image to be printed on the printed material 30 of the target printed material 20, the corresponding lens 42 is referred to by referring to the container data 521, the printed material data 522, and the assumed observation position data 523. To decide. Then, the representative ray PR after passing through the representative point of the dot DT and the principal point (specifically, the principal principal point) of the lens 42 corresponding to the dot DT is calculated, and the representative ray PR and position are calculated. The same line of sight with the direction reversed is the line of sight V of the dot DT.

  At this time, the lens 42 and the line of sight V corresponding to the dot DT are determined by a method according to the printed product 20. That is, if it is a vertical lenticular type printed product 20A, it will be performed as described with reference to FIG. 4, and if it is an oblique lenticular type printed product 20B, it will be performed as described with reference to FIG.

  Here, the container data 521 is data of configuration parameters of the container 10 that is a component of the product 1. In FIG. 25, an example of a data structure of the container data 521 is shown. According to the figure, the container data 521 stores a radius 521a, a thickness 521b, and a refractive index 521c of the container 10. The radius 521a is a value for determining the radius of curvature of the printed material 30 and the lens plate 40 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the container 10, and stores the outer peripheral surface radius of the position where the printed product 20 is disposed. The thickness 521b stores the thickness of the wall of the container 10. The refractive index 521 c stores the refractive index of the material forming the container 10.

  The printed workpiece data 522 is data of configuration parameters of the printed workpiece 20 that is a component of the product 1. FIG. 26 shows an example of the data structure of the printed product data 522. According to the figure, the printed product data 522 includes a dot pitch 522a of a stereoscopic image to be printed on the printed matter 30, a lens pitch 522b and a focal length 522c of the lens plate 40, and the lens plate 40 with respect to the printing surface 31 of the printed matter 30. The arrangement angle 522d is stored.

  The arrangement angle 522d stores the value of the angle θ formed by the dot pitch direction of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed matter 30 and the lens pitch direction of the lens plate 40. That is, the arrangement angle 522d is data indicating whether the printed product 20 is a vertical / oblique lenticular method, and θ = 0 ° in the case of the vertical lenticular method, and in the case of the oblique lenticular method. , Θ> 0 °.

  The container data 521 and the printed product data 522 are stored in advance as fixed data, but may be set by user input from the input unit 100 as described later. By making it possible to set the container data 521 and the printed product data 522 by user input, it is possible to easily cope with a case where the configuration parameters of the product 1 are to be changed.

  The assumed observation position data 523 is data of the assumed observation position 50. Specifically, the value of the assumed observation distance D between the print surface 31 of the printed matter 30 and the assumed viewpoint (assumed observation position) 50 of the observer. Alternatively, the position coordinates of the assumed observation position D are stored. The assumed observation position data 523 is stored in advance as fixed data, but may be set by a user input from the input unit 100 while viewing the display screen of the display unit 200. . By making it possible to set the assumed observation position data 523 by user input, it is possible to easily cope with a case where the assumed observation position is to be changed.

  The dot-specific viewpoint / line-of-sight direction setting unit 421 sets, for each dot DT, a dot-specific viewpoint CM having the calculated line of sight V as the line-of-sight direction. The position of the dot-specific viewpoint CM is set based on the setting reference position determined by the stereoscopic image generation unit 420. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 17, each dot-specific viewpoint CM is set on the same plane parallel to the print surface 31.

  The dot-specific viewpoint CM data of each dot DT set by the dot-specific viewpoint / line-of-sight direction setting unit 421 is stored in the dot-specific viewpoint / line-of-sight direction data 524. FIG. 27 shows an example of the data configuration of the dot-specific viewpoint / gaze direction data 524. According to the figure, the dot-specific viewpoint / line-of-sight direction data 524 stores the set dot-specific viewpoint 524b and the dot-specific line-of-sight direction 534c in association with each dot 524a of the stereoscopic image to be printed on the printed matter 30. is doing. The dot-specific viewpoint 524b stores data of the dot-specific viewpoint CM. The per-dot gaze direction 534c stores data of the gaze V.

  The color information calculation unit 422 calculates the color information of each dot DT based on the dot-specific viewpoint CM set by the dot-specific viewpoint / gaze direction setting unit 421. Specifically, for each dot DT, the color information of the object space in the line-of-sight direction V of the corresponding dot-specific viewpoint CM stored in the dot-specific viewpoint / line-of-sight direction data 524 is calculated. The color information is DT. The color information of each pixel calculated by the color information calculation unit 422 is added to a predetermined position of the generated image data 525.

  The storage unit 500 stores a system program, data, and the like for causing the processing unit 400 to control the stereoscopic image generating apparatus 1000 in an integrated manner, and is used as a work area of the processing unit 400. The processing unit 400 follows various programs. The executed calculation results, input data input from the input unit 100, and the like are temporarily stored. This function is realized by, for example, an IC memory, hard disk, CD-ROM, DVD, MO, RAM, VRAM, or the like.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, the storage unit 500 includes a stereoscopic image generation program 510 for causing the processing unit 400 to function as the stereoscopic image generation unit 420, container data 521, printed work data 522, and assumed observation position. Data 523, dot-specific viewpoint / gaze direction data 524, and generated image data 525 are stored.

[Process flow]
Next, the process flow will be described.
FIG. 28 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of stereoscopic image generation processing in the present embodiment. This process is realized by the stereoscopic image generation unit 420 executing the stereoscopic image generation program 510.

  According to the figure, in the stereoscopic image generation processing, first, the object space setting unit 410 in which various objects are arranged sets a predetermined object in the three-dimensional virtual space and sets the object space (step S1). Then, the stereoscopic image generation unit 420 determines a position (setting reference position) that serves as a reference for the setting position of the dot-specific viewpoint CM in this object space (step S3). Next, loop A is executed for each dot DT of the stereoscopic image to be printed on the printing surface 31 in order, and the dot-specific viewpoint CM of each dot DT of the stereoscopic image is set in the object space.

  In loop A, the dot-specific viewpoint / line-of-sight direction setting unit 421 determines the lens 42 corresponding to the target dot DT based on the container data 521, the printed product data 522, and the assumed observation position data 523 (step S5). Next, a representative ray PR after passing through the representative point of the target dot DT and the representative principal point of the lens 42 corresponding to the target dot DT is calculated, and a line of sight having the same position and the opposite direction as the representative ray PR is obtained. The line of sight V of the target dot DT is set (step S7). Then, a dot-specific viewpoint CM having the direction of the line of sight V as the line-of-sight direction is set at the set reference position in the object space, and the dot-specific viewpoint / line-of-sight direction data 524 is updated (step S9). Loop A is executed in this way.

  When the processing of the loop A for all the dots DT of the stereoscopic image to be printed on the printed material 30 is completed, the processing of the loop B is subsequently performed for each dot DT of the stereoscopic image. In loop B, the color information calculation unit 422 calculates the color information of the object space in the line-of-sight direction V of the dot-specific viewpoint CM of the target dot DT with reference to the dot-specific viewpoint / line-of-sight direction data 524, and the calculated color information The generated image data 525 is updated as the color information of the target dot DT (step S11).

  When the process of loop B for all the dots DT on the printing surface 31 is completed, the stereoscopic image generation unit 420 causes the printing unit 300 to print a stereoscopic image based on the generated image data 525 on the printed matter 30 ( Step S13). When the above processing is performed, the stereoscopic image generation processing ends. If the generated image data 535 is stored in the storage unit 500, the same image can be printed repeatedly.

[Specific application examples]
Then, the specific application example of the product 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated. For example, the present invention may be applied to beverage PET bottles, glass bottles, cans, and the like. That is, this plastic bottle, glass bottle, and can are used as the container 10 of the present embodiment, and a printed product 20 in which a stereoscopic image of a campaign character is printed on the printed material 30 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface. Moreover, you may apply to a telephone pole advertisement. That is, a station, an underground shopping center, a pillar in a facility, a utility pole, or the like is used instead of the container 10, and a printed product 20 printed on a printed matter 30 as a stereoscopic image is disposed on the outer peripheral surface.

[Action / Effect]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the stereoscopic image printed on the printed material 30 of the printed material 20 arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical container 10 is generated as follows. That is, for each dot DT of the stereoscopic image to be printed, the dot is based on the light beam (representative light beam PR) that has passed through the representative point of the dot DT and the principal point (representative principal point) of the lens 42 corresponding to the dot DT. A different viewpoint CM and a line-of-sight direction V are set, and the color information of the object space in the line-of-sight direction V of the set dot-specific viewpoint CM is used as the color information of the dot DT, thereby generating a stereoscopic image. Therefore, it is possible to make a stereoscopic image without adjusting the pitch in a printed product including a curved printed material and a lens plate.

  In addition, in a conventional lenticular printing product, a combination of a printed material and a lenticular lens array, which are substantially aligned in advance, is used. At the stage of fine adjustment of the pitch, the entire stereoscopic image of the printed material is enlarged / reduced. By doing so, the dot pitch was adjusted to the lens pitch. In this case, image degradation due to enlargement / reduction may occur. Further, since fine adjustment by enlargement / reduction is premised, the pitch of one dot of a stereoscopic image to be printed does not coincide with the pitch of one view, but the pitch of one view with a width of several dots. In many cases, it corresponds to. That is, it cannot be said that drawing is performed by fully utilizing the resolution of the stereoscopic image to be printed. However, in the present embodiment, since a light ray (representative ray PR) is generated and rendered in units of one dot of a stereoscopic image, high-quality stereoscopic vision that makes full use of the printing resolution is realized.

  In addition, since a dot-specific viewpoint CM is set for each dot DT of the generated / printed stereoscopic image, that is, as many viewpoints (views) as the number of dots DT exist, it is like the conventional multi-view stereoscopic vision. In addition, there is no need for the eyes to be located at the assumed observation position (individual viewpoint), and stereoscopic viewing is possible regardless of where the eyes are within a certain area, as in the conventional super multi-view system. It becomes possible.

  In addition, the reflected light beam of each dot DT of the stereoscopic image printed on the printed matter is in a different direction for each dot DT. However, when the direction of the reflected light beam is traced, the light beam that passes near the positions of the left eye and the right eye of the observer has a substantially uniform direction. Accordingly, the image (color information) visually recognized by the observer is not an accurate image (color information) viewed from the eye position, but is visually recognized with a certain degree of accuracy. Since the resolution of the image at the position of the printing surface 31 is about the width of one lens 42, the resolution is not significantly degraded as in the super multi-view system.

[Modification]
The application of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the following modification is mentioned.

(A) Assumed Observation Position In the embodiment described above, the assumed observation position 50 is “front” with respect to the printing surface 31, but this may be “oblique”.

The assumption that the assumed observation position 50 is “oblique” refers to the state shown in FIG. That is, the “oblique” assumed observation position 50 is a position where the viewing line of sight passing through the center O of the printing surface 31 is not perpendicular to the printing surface 31. The “oblique” assumed observation position 50 is printed with a distance (assumed observation distance) D between the print surface 31 and the assumed observation position 50 and the line-of-sight direction shown in the xz plan view of FIG. and the angle gamma _x which forms with respect to the vertical plane 31, shown in the y-z plane view of FIG. (c), line-of-sight direction is represented by the angle gamma _y which forms with respect to the vertical direction of the printing surface 31. In this case, the method of determining the line of sight V of each dot DT of the stereoscopic image printed on the printing surface 31 can be performed in the same manner as the method shown in FIG. 13 or FIG.

  By making the assumed observation position 50 “oblique”, for example, as shown in FIG. 30A, the printed product 20 is placed on, for example, a desk so that the print surface 31 faces upward, and the observer It is possible to generate a stereoscopic image suitable for the case where the OP looks at the printing surface 31 from obliquely above. Also, as shown in FIG. 5B, a stereoscopic image generation suitable for a case where the observer OP looks at the object OB arranged inside the container 10 from obliquely above the outside of the container 10 is realized. it can.

(B) Calculation of color information of dot DT In the above-described embodiment, one dot-specific viewpoint CM is set for one dot DT, and the color information of the object space in the line-of-sight direction of the set dot-specific viewpoint CM is calculated. Although the dot DT color information is used, a plurality of dot-specific viewpoint CMs are set for one dot DT, and the color information in the line-of-sight direction of each dot-specific viewpoint CM is averaged (arithmetic average, weighted average, etc.). Thus, the color information of the dot DT may be calculated.

  FIG. 31 is a diagram illustrating a case where three dot-specific viewpoints CM are set for one dot DT, and a partial cross-sectional view of the printing surface 31 is illustrated. As shown in the figure, first, three representative points 1, 2, 3 of one target dot DT are determined. In the figure, the center of the dot DT is the representative point 1, and the points separated by a predetermined distance in the positive / negative direction of the x axis are the representative points 2 and 3, respectively.

  Next, for each of these representative points 1, 2, 3, the representative rays PR1, PR2, PR3 after passing through the representative point and the principal point (representative principal point) of the lens 42 corresponding to the dot DT are calculated. The visual lines whose positions are the same as those of the calculated representative light beams PR1, PR2, and PR3 and whose directions are reversed are the visual lines V1, V2, and V3 of the dot DT. Then, dot-specific viewpoints CM1, CM2, and CM3 are set with the line-of-sight directions V1, V2, and V3 as the line-of-sight directions, respectively. Thereafter, the color information of the object space in the line-of-sight direction of the set dot-specific viewpoints CM1, CM2, and CM3 is calculated, and the calculated color information is synthesized (arithmetic average, for example, 50% of the color information of the dot-specific viewpoint CM1). And a value obtained by adding the color information of the other dot-specific viewpoints CM2 and CM3 as 25% or the like) is used as the color information of the dot DT. In this way, it is possible to suppress jaggy that occurs in the peripheral portion of the object in the generated image.

(C) Arrangement Position of Printed Material 30 and Lens Plate 40 with respect to Container 10 In the above-described embodiment, the printed material 30 and the lens plate 40 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the container 10. The printed material 30 and the lens plate 40 may be arranged as follows.

(C-1)
For example, as shown in FIG. 32, the printed material 30 is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the container 10 on the observer OP side with the printing surface 31 facing the outer side of the container 10, and the outer peripheral surface of the container 10. Then, the lens plate 40 is arranged at a position facing the printing surface 31 of the printed matter 30 with the wall of the container 10 interposed therebetween. In addition, the figure (a) shows the horizontal direction sectional view of the product 1A in this case, and the figure (b) shows the side view of the product 1A. Further, the distance between the printing surface 31 and the principal point surface of the lens plate 40b is set so as to be optically equivalent to the focal length F of the lens 42 in consideration of the thickness and refractive index of the container 10. Specifically, the thickness of the container 10 is appropriately set, the lens plate is disposed so that the uneven surface of the lens plate is on the container 10 side, or between the lens plate 40 and the container 10 or between the printing surface 31 and the container 10. Adjust by placing a transparent plate between and.

  In this case, the lens 42 and the line of sight V corresponding to each dot DT of the stereoscopic image to be printed are determined in consideration of the refractive index of the wall portion of the container 10 interposed between the printed material 30 and the lens plate 40. That is, when determining the lens 42 corresponding to each dot DT, as shown in FIG. 33A, the light beam that projects the end of each lens 42 from the assumed observation position 50 onto the printing surface 31 is the lens plate. The projection region 32 of each lens 42 is set so as to be refracted at the contact surface between 40 and the outer peripheral surface of the container 10. Further, when determining the line of sight V corresponding to each dot DT, the reflected light of each dot DT is refracted at the contact surface between the outer peripheral surface of the container 10 and the lens plate 40 as shown in FIG. Then, it is set so as to pass the principal point (representative principal point) of the lens 42 corresponding to the dot DT.

(C-2)
Further, as shown in FIG. 34, the printed product 20 in which the lens plate 40 is superimposed on the printing surface 31 of the printed material 30 is placed on the printing surface 31 on the inner peripheral surface of the container 10 on the observer OP side. It arrange | positions toward the container 10 outward. In addition, the figure (a) shows the horizontal direction sectional view of the product 1B in this case, and the figure (b) shows the side view of the product 1B. Also in this case, the lens 42 and the line of sight V corresponding to each dot DT of the stereoscopic image to be printed on the printed material 30 are determined in consideration of the refractive index of the wall portion of the container 10 in the same manner as the product 1A described above. By considering the refractive index of the wall portion of the container 10, natural stereoscopic vision without making the presence of the wall portion of the container 10 possible becomes possible. In addition, when it is desired to express that the three-dimensional object is actually contained in the container 10 including the refraction of light by the container 10, the drawing is performed without considering the refractive index of the wall portion of the container 10. Of course, it may be.

(C-3)
In addition, as shown in FIG. 35, the printed product 20 in which the lens plate 40 is superimposed on the printing surface 31 of the printed material 30 is printed at the position on the inner peripheral surface of the container 10 opposite to the observer OP side. The surface 31 is arranged toward the inside of the container 10. In addition, the figure (a) shows the horizontal direction sectional view of the product 1C in this case, and the figure (b) shows the side view of the product 1C. Also in this case, the lens 42 and the line of sight V corresponding to each dot DT of the stereoscopic image to be printed on the printed material 30 are determined in consideration of the refractive index of the wall portion of the container 10 in the same manner as the product 1A described above.

(C-4)
Further, as shown in FIG. 36, the printed material 30 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the container 10 on the opposite side of the observer OP side with the printing surface 31 facing the inner side of the container 10, and the inner periphery of the container 10. The lens plate 40 is disposed at a position facing the printing surface 31 across the wall of the container 10. In addition, the figure (a) shows the horizontal direction sectional view of the product 1D in this case, and the figure (b) shows the side view of the product 1D. Also in this case, the lens 42 and the line of sight V corresponding to each dot of the stereoscopic image to be printed on the printed material 30 are determined in consideration of the refractive index of the wall portion of the container 10 in the same manner as the product 1A described above. Further, the distance between the printing surface 31 and the principal point surface of the lens plate 40b is set so as to be optically equivalent to the focal length F of the lens 42 in consideration of the thickness and refractive index of the container 10. Specifically, the thickness of the container 10 is appropriately set, the lens plate is disposed so that the uneven surface of the lens plate is on the container 10 side, or between the lens plate 40 and the container 10 or between the printing surface 31 and the container 10. Adjust by placing a transparent plate between and.

(C-5)
In addition, as shown in FIG. 37, a printed product 20 in which a lens plate 40 is superimposed on a printing surface 31 of a printed material 30 at a position on the outer peripheral surface of the container 10 opposite to the observer OP side, 31 is arranged toward the inside of the container 10. In addition, the figure (a) shows the horizontal direction sectional view of the product 1E in this case, and the figure (b) shows the side view of the product 1E. Also in this case, the lens 42 and the line of sight V corresponding to each dot DT of the stereoscopic image to be printed on the printed material 30 are determined in consideration of the refractive index of the wall portion of the container 10 in the same manner as the product 1A described above.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 35 to 37, when the printed material 30 is arranged on the inner peripheral surface or the outer peripheral surface on the side opposite to the observer OP side, the container 10 is filled with a predetermined liquid and filled. The stereoscopic image may be recognized by looking at the printing surface 31 through the liquid. In this case, a stereoscopic image generated in consideration of the refractive index of a predetermined liquid filled in the container 10 is printed on the printing surface 31. Thereby, when the predetermined liquid is not filled (when empty or when other liquid is filled), the stereoscopic image cannot be recognized, and only when the predetermined liquid is filled. Stereoscopic images can be recognized. On the other hand, it is of course conceivable that a stereoscopic image is generated so that it can be recognized when the container is empty, and then sold in a state in which the stereoscopic image cannot be recognized after filling with a beverage or the like. In this case, the stereoscopic video can be recognized only when the consumer drinks and empties.

(D) Shape of container 10 Moreover, in embodiment mentioned above, although the container 10 was made into cylindrical shape, another shape may be sufficient. For example, the cross section can be similarly applied to a polygonal shape such as a pentagon or a hexagon in addition to an elliptical shape. In short, any shape that can be calculated in calculating the line of sight V may be used. Furthermore, the present invention can be similarly applied not to the hollow container 10 but also to a columnar body such as a cylinder or a prism.

(E) Application to stereoscopic image display apparatus Furthermore, although the above-described embodiment has described the printed product, the same applies to a stereoscopic image display apparatus including a pixel panel such as a display and a lens plate such as a lenticular lens array. Applicable. That is, the pixel panel and the lens plate may be curved, and the lens plate may be disposed on the display surface of the pixel panel.

The block diagram of the product in embodiment. The disassembled perspective view of the product in embodiment. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of FV-type stereoscopic image generation. The schematic block diagram of the vertical lenticular system printed work. Explanatory drawing of the distance between a suitable printing surface and a lens board. Explanatory drawing of "the pitch agree | coincides / does not agree" in case a printing surface is a plane. Explanatory drawing of "pitch agrees / does not fit" when a printing surface is a curved surface. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of an oblique lenticular printing process product. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement relationship between a printed material and a lens plate in a conventional (a) oblique five-lens type and (b) oblique seven-eye type lenticular printing product. Explanatory drawing of the coordinate system setting with respect to a printing surface. Explanatory drawing of the state whose assumption observation position is a "front". Explanatory drawing of the gaze determination in the vertical lenticular type printed matter. Explanatory drawing of the gaze determination in the vertical lenticular type printed matter. Explanatory drawing of the gaze determination in the printing work of an oblique lenticular system. Explanatory drawing of the gaze determination in the printing work of an oblique lenticular system. Explanatory drawing of the refractive action of the light ray by a lens board. Explanatory drawing of the viewpoint setting for every dot. Explanatory drawing of dot color information calculation. Explanatory drawing of object space setting. Explanatory drawing of the stereo image observed being somewhat inaccurate. The schematic diagram of the stereoscopic view of the conventional multi-view method (n eye type). Explanatory drawing of generation | occurrence | production of the crosstalk in the printed material of the conventional diagonal lenticular system. The schematic diagram of the stereoscopic vision of embodiment. 1 is a configuration diagram of a stereoscopic image generation apparatus. Data configuration example of container data. The data structural example of printed work data. Data configuration example of dot-specific viewpoint / gaze direction data. The flowchart of a stereoscopic vision image generation process. Explanatory drawing of the state whose assumption observation position is "diagonal". The figure at the time of seeing a printing surface from diagonally upward. Explanatory drawing in the case of setting the viewpoint according to several dots to one dot. The schematic block diagram of the product which has arrange | positioned the printed matter in the container inner peripheral surface and the lens board in the outer peripheral surface. Explanatory drawing of the corresponding lens and line-of-sight determination which considered the refractive index of the wall part of a container. The schematic block diagram of the product which has arrange | positioned printed material and a lens board to the container internal peripheral surface. The schematic block diagram of the product which has arrange | positioned printed material and a lens board to the container internal peripheral surface. The schematic block diagram of the product which has arrange | positioned the printed matter to the container outer peripheral surface and the lens board to the inner peripheral surface. The schematic block diagram of the product which has arrange | positioned printed material and a lens board to the container outer peripheral surface. The conceptual diagram of the stereoscopic view of the conventional multi-view system. The conceptual diagram of the conventional super multi-view type stereoscopic vision. The conceptual diagram of the stereoscopic view of the conventional IP system. The conceptual diagram of the stereoscopic vision of the conventional ray reproduction method. Explanatory drawing that the distance of a printing surface and an image formation surface is dependent on the focal distance of a lens. The figure in the state where the dot arrangement of a stereoscopic vision image is slanted with respect to a lens board. Explanatory drawing of the method which makes the dot arrangement of a stereoscopic vision image diagonal.

Explanation of symbols

1 (1A to 1E) Product 10 Container 20 (20A, 20B) Printed product 30 Printed product 31 Printing surface DT Dot 40 Lens plate 42 Lens (microlens)
43 principal dotted line 43a representative principal point 50 assumed observation position V visual line PR representative ray CM dot-specific viewpoint 1000 stereoscopic image generation device 100 input unit 200 display unit 300 printing unit 400 processing unit 410 object space setting unit 420 stereoscopic image generation unit 421 Point-by-dot viewpoint / line-of-sight direction setting unit 422 Color information calculation unit 500 Storage unit 510 Stereoscopic image generation program 521 Container data 522 Printed product data 523 Assumed observation position data 524 Point-by-dot viewpoint / line-of-sight direction data 525 Generated image data

Claims (16)

Directivity is applied to the light from each dot of the printed matter that is arranged on the curved surface of the object having a curved surface and printed with a stereoscopic image of a predetermined resolution in which a three-dimensional virtual space is drawn, and the stereoscopic image printed on the printed matter. A printed product comprising a group of optical elements to be given,
In the printed matter, the color information of each dot renders the three-dimensional virtual space based on the direction of the light beam passing through the representative point of the dot and the representative point of the optical element that gives directivity to the light beam from the dot. A printed product obtained by printing a stereoscopic image obtained by processing. The printed product according to claim 1,
The optical element group is a lenticular lens array in which a plurality of lenses are connected as an optical element, and a distance between a printed surface of the printed matter and a principal point surface of the optical element group matches a focal length of the lens. Printed product characterized in that it is arranged in The printed product according to claim 1,
The optical element group is a lenticular lens array in which a plurality of lenses are connected as the optical element, and a distance between a printing surface of the printed matter and a principal point surface of the optical element group is D, and a focal length of the lens is F, where S is the pitch in the horizontal scanning direction of the dots of the stereoscopic image and L is the pitch in the horizontal scanning direction of the lens, (LS) · F / L ≦ D ≦ (L + S) · F / L The printed work is characterized by being arranged so as to hold. It is a printed product according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The printed product, wherein the optical element group is arranged so that an arrangement direction of the optical elements is oblique to an arrangement direction of dots of a stereoscopic image printed on the printed matter. A container provided with a transparent wall with the printed product according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A container in which the printed product in which the optical element group is disposed on a printed surface of the printed material is disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the container with the printed surface facing outward of the container. A container provided with a transparent wall with the printed product according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The printed matter is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the container with the printing surface facing outward, and the optical element group is disposed at a position of the outer peripheral surface of the container facing the printed matter via the wall portion. Container. A container provided with a transparent wall with the printed product according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A container in which the printed product in which the optical element group is disposed on a printed surface of the printed material is disposed on an inner peripheral surface of the container with the printed surface facing outward of the container. A container provided with a transparent wall with the printed product according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A container in which the printed product in which the optical element group is arranged on a printing surface of the printed material is arranged on an inner peripheral surface of the container with the printing surface facing inward of the container. A container provided with a transparent wall with the printed product according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The printed matter is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the container with the printing surface facing the inner side of the container, and the optical element group is arranged at a position of the inner peripheral surface of the container facing the printed matter via the wall portion. Container. A container provided with a transparent wall with the printed product according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A container in which the printed product in which the optical element group is arranged on a printing surface of the printed material is arranged on an outer peripheral surface of the container with the printing surface facing inward of the container. A container according to any one of claims 8 to 10,
The container can be filled with liquid,
The stereoscopic image printed on the printed matter is a stereoscopic image that is further rendered based on a refractive index of a liquid filled in the container.   The cylindrical object provided with the printed matter as described in any one of Claims 1-4 in the transparent wall part. Directivity is applied to the light from each dot of the printed matter that is arranged on the curved surface of the object having a curved surface and printed with a stereoscopic image of a predetermined resolution in which a three-dimensional virtual space is drawn, and the stereoscopic image printed on the printed matter. An image generating device that generates a stereoscopic image to be printed on the printed material of a printed product including an optical element group to be provided,
Renders the three-dimensional virtual space based on the direction of light rays passing through the representative point of the dot and the representative point of the optical element that gives directivity to the light ray from the dot, with respect to the color information of each dot in the image print area An image generation apparatus comprising: an image generation unit configured to generate a stereoscopic image by processing. The image generation apparatus according to claim 13,
The image generating means includes
As the dot-specific viewpoint corresponding to each dot, the reverse direction of the light beam after passing through the representative point of the dot and the representative point of the optical element that gives directivity to the reflected light beam from the representative point of the dot is the dot. Calculating means for calculating as the line-of-sight direction of the dot-specific viewpoint corresponding to
An image generating apparatus characterized in that the rendering process is performed by rendering the three-dimensional virtual space based on the dot-specific viewpoints calculated by the calculating means. Directivity is applied to the light from each dot of the printed matter that is arranged on the curved surface of the object having a curved surface and printed with a stereoscopic image of a predetermined resolution in which a three-dimensional virtual space is drawn, and the stereoscopic image printed on the printed matter. An image generation method for generating a stereoscopic image to be printed on the printed material of a printed product including an optical element group to be provided,
Renders the three-dimensional virtual space based on the direction of light rays passing through the representative point of the dot and the representative point of the optical element that gives directivity to the light ray from the dot, with respect to the color information of each dot in the image print area An image generation method characterized by generating a stereoscopic image by processing. The image generation method according to claim 15, comprising:
As the dot-specific viewpoint corresponding to each dot, the reverse direction of the light beam after passing through the representative point of the dot and the representative point of the optical element that gives directivity to the reflected light beam from the representative point of the dot is the dot. A stereoscopic view image by calculating the line-of-sight direction of the dot-specific viewpoint corresponding to each of the images, rendering the three-dimensional virtual space based on the calculated dot-specific viewpoint, and obtaining color information of the dot corresponding to the dot-specific viewpoint. Generating an image.

Images