JP2007261279A - リングバインダー機構用レバー - Google Patents
リングバインダー機構用レバー Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2007261279A JP2007261279A JP2007145045A JP2007145045A JP2007261279A JP 2007261279 A JP2007261279 A JP 2007261279A JP 2007145045 A JP2007145045 A JP 2007145045A JP 2007145045 A JP2007145045 A JP 2007145045A JP 2007261279 A JP2007261279 A JP 2007261279A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ring
- lever
- hinge plate
- housing
- locking element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42F—SHEETS TEMPORARILY ATTACHED TOGETHER; FILING APPLIANCES; FILE CARDS; INDEXING
- B42F13/00—Filing appliances with means for engaging perforations or slots
- B42F13/16—Filing appliances with means for engaging perforations or slots with claws or rings
- B42F13/20—Filing appliances with means for engaging perforations or slots with claws or rings pivotable about an axis or axes parallel to binding edges
- B42F13/22—Filing appliances with means for engaging perforations or slots with claws or rings pivotable about an axis or axes parallel to binding edges in two sections engaging each other when closed
- B42F13/26—Filing appliances with means for engaging perforations or slots with claws or rings pivotable about an axis or axes parallel to binding edges in two sections engaging each other when closed and locked when so engaged, e.g. snap-action
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42F—SHEETS TEMPORARILY ATTACHED TOGETHER; FILING APPLIANCES; FILE CARDS; INDEXING
- B42F13/00—Filing appliances with means for engaging perforations or slots
- B42F13/16—Filing appliances with means for engaging perforations or slots with claws or rings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42F—SHEETS TEMPORARILY ATTACHED TOGETHER; FILING APPLIANCES; FILE CARDS; INDEXING
- B42F13/00—Filing appliances with means for engaging perforations or slots
- B42F13/16—Filing appliances with means for engaging perforations or slots with claws or rings
- B42F13/20—Filing appliances with means for engaging perforations or slots with claws or rings pivotable about an axis or axes parallel to binding edges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42F—SHEETS TEMPORARILY ATTACHED TOGETHER; FILING APPLIANCES; FILE CARDS; INDEXING
- B42F13/00—Filing appliances with means for engaging perforations or slots
- B42F13/16—Filing appliances with means for engaging perforations or slots with claws or rings
- B42F13/20—Filing appliances with means for engaging perforations or slots with claws or rings pivotable about an axis or axes parallel to binding edges
- B42F13/22—Filing appliances with means for engaging perforations or slots with claws or rings pivotable about an axis or axes parallel to binding edges in two sections engaging each other when closed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42F—SHEETS TEMPORARILY ATTACHED TOGETHER; FILING APPLIANCES; FILE CARDS; INDEXING
- B42F3/00—Sheets temporarily attached together involving perforations; Means therefor; Sheet details therefor
- B42F3/04—Attachment means of ring, finger or claw form
Landscapes
- Sheet Holders (AREA)
- Buckles (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】ルーズリーフページを保持するためのリング部材はハウジングに対して開放位置および閉塞位置の間で可動である。アクチュエーションシステムがリング部材を動かしかつハウジング上に枢動可能に装着されたヒンジプレートおよびヒンジプレートの少なくとも一方向(例えば、ヒンジプレートおよびリング部材を開放位置へ動かす方向)への枢動を起こすレバーを備えている。このレバーはハウジングの長手方向に動くトラベルバーに連結されて、トラベルバーはヒンジプレートの枢動をブロックする位置およびヒンジプレートの枢動を許容する位置の間で動く。レバーが動く時少なくともレバーおよびヒンジプレートの一つが変形してヒンジプレートの枢動を遅らせ、その結果レバーがトラベルバーを動かすので、ヒンジプレートの動きはブロックされない。
【選択図】図1
Description
5が起立位置で描写されている。レバー15はハウジング11の第1、開放端部上にハウジング(図4−6)の装着用アーム19の所で枢支されている。各装着用アーム19内の装着用開口57(図2)はレバー15のチャンネル41と整列している。ヒンジピン59が整列した開口57およびチャンネル41を通過してレバーをハウジング11上に枢着している。装着用アーム19がハウジング11と一体であることが構想されているが、それらはハウジングから分離して形成されかつそれらに装着されることができ、これは本発明の範囲から離れるものではない。
3 ノートブック
7 前カバー
9 後カバー
11 ハウジング
13 リング
15 レバー
17 台地
27a ヒンジプレート
27b ヒンジプレート
45 トラベルバー
Claims (14)
- ルーズリーフページを保持するためのリング機構であって:
ハウジング;
第1および第2のヒンジプレート、これらはハウジングにより支持されハウジングに対してヒンジ周りに相対枢動するためであり;
ルーズリーフページを保持するためのリング、その各リングは第1リング部材および第2リング部材を備え、第1リング部材は第1ヒンジプレート上に装着されかつ第2リング部材に対する第1ヒンジプレートの相対枢動のせいで閉塞位置および開放位置の間で可動であり、閉塞位置では2個のリング部材が実質的に連続した、閉じたループを形成し、それはリングにより保持されたルーズリーフページがリングに沿い一つのリング部材から他方へ移動することを許容するためであり、かつ開放位置では2個のリング部材が不連続な、開放ループを形成し、これはルーズリーフページをリングから取り外しまたは加えるためであり;
ハウジング上に枢着されている一つのレバー、このレバーは第1部分および第2部分を包含し、第2部分は第1部分に連結され、それはヒンジプレートに噛合しかつリング部材を閉塞位置から開放位置へ動かすためのレバー;を包含しており、
ヒンジプレートはハウジングにより支持されていて少なくとも一つのヒンジプレートはレバーの第2部分と連続的に係合し、その時リング部材はレバー内の遊びを抑制するために近接位置を保ち、上記少なくとも一つのヒンジプレートはハウジングに対向する上面およびハウジングに対向しない下面を備え、この下面はレバーの第2部分と連続的に係合している、リング機構。 - 更にレバーに対して作動可能に連結されたロック用要素を包含し、このロック用要素が少なくとも一つのヒンジプレートと噛合し、それはリング部材が開放位置にある時であり、レバー内の遊びを抑制するためである、請求項1に記載のリング機構。
- ロック用要素と噛合している上記ヒンジプレートが切り抜きを含んでおり、このロック用要素が上記切り抜きと整合しかつリング部材が開放位置にある時には切り抜きの処で上記ヒンジプレートと噛合する、請求項2に記載のリング機構。
- 切り抜きがエッジを含んでおり、ロック用要素が上記ヒンジプレートを切り抜きエッジの処で噛合する、請求項3に記載のリング機構。
- ヒンジプレート切り抜きは第1ヒンジプレート内の第1部と第2ヒンジプレート内の第2部に形成され、切り抜きはヒンジプレートのヒンジに沿い対称的に方向付けられている
、請求項4に記載のリング機構。 - ロック用要素はリング部材が閉塞位置にある時には上記切り抜きと不整合位置を占め、これはヒンジプレートの枢動をブロックするためである、請求項5に記載のリング機構。
- 更にトラベルバーを包含し、このトラベルバーはレバーに対して作動可能に連結されかつハウジングおよびヒンジプレートの間にヒンジプレートのヒンジと実質的に整合するように配置され、ロック用要素はトラベルバー上に装着されている、請求項6に記載のリング機構。
- ロック用要素はトラベルバーと一体状に形成されている、請求項7に記載のリング機構。
- 3個のロック用要素を包含し、かつヒンジプレートが各ロック用要素に対応する3個の切り抜きを包含している、請求項7に記載のリング機構。
- レバーの第1部分が第2部分と一体状に形成されている、請求項1に記載のリング機構。
- レバーの第2部分がヒンジプレートと噛合するバルブを包含している、請求項10に記載のリング機構。
- ヒンジプレートはリング部材が閉塞位置にある時に下方へ枢動されてレバーの第1部分を実質的に垂直位置に保持する、請求項2に記載のリング機構。
- ヒンジプレートはリング部材が開放位置にある時に上方へ枢動され、ロック用要素はレバーを垂直位置から離れた相対的に固定位置に保持する、請求項12に記載のリング機構。
- カバーと組み合わされ、リング機構がカバー上に装着され、カバーはリング機構上に保持された時にルーズリーフ頁を選択的に覆いまたは露出させるために枢支されている、請求項1に記載のリング機構。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US66412505P | 2005-03-22 | 2005-03-22 | |
| US60/664,125 | 2005-03-22 | ||
| US11/190,328 | 2005-07-27 | ||
| US11/190,328 US7661899B2 (en) | 2005-03-22 | 2005-07-27 | Lever for a ring binder mechanism |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005361201A Division JP4441481B2 (ja) | 2005-03-22 | 2005-12-15 | リングバインダー機構用レバー |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2007261279A true JP2007261279A (ja) | 2007-10-11 |
| JP2007261279A5 JP2007261279A5 (ja) | 2009-02-05 |
| JP4708391B2 JP4708391B2 (ja) | 2011-06-22 |
Family
ID=36677265
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005361201A Expired - Fee Related JP4441481B2 (ja) | 2005-03-22 | 2005-12-15 | リングバインダー機構用レバー |
| JP2007145045A Expired - Lifetime JP4708391B2 (ja) | 2005-03-22 | 2007-05-31 | リング機構 |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005361201A Expired - Fee Related JP4441481B2 (ja) | 2005-03-22 | 2005-12-15 | リングバインダー機構用レバー |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (7) | US7661899B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1705032B1 (ja) |
| JP (2) | JP4441481B2 (ja) |
| KR (3) | KR100907127B1 (ja) |
| AR (2) | AR052953A1 (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE405436T1 (ja) |
| CA (2) | CA2657322C (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE602005009138D1 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2313227T3 (ja) |
| MX (1) | MXPA05012759A (ja) |
| PL (1) | PL1705032T3 (ja) |
| PT (1) | PT1705032E (ja) |
| RU (2) | RU2337833C2 (ja) |
| TW (2) | TWI324109B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (45)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7296946B2 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2007-11-20 | Microsoft Corporation | Ring binder mechanism |
| US7549817B2 (en) | 2002-12-18 | 2009-06-23 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ready lock ring binder mechanism |
| US7748922B2 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2010-07-06 | World Wide Stationery Manufacturing Company, Limited | Ring binder mechanism with dual pivot locking elements |
| US8573876B2 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2013-11-05 | World Wide Stationery Manufacturing Company, Limited | Soft close ring binder mechanism with mating ring tips |
| US7661898B2 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2010-02-16 | World Wide Stationery Manufacturing Company, Limited | Soft close ring binder mechanism with reinforced travel bar |
| US7275886B2 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2007-10-02 | World Wide Stationary Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Positive lock ring binder mechanism |
| US8002488B2 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2011-08-23 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Soft close ring binder mechanism |
| US7524128B2 (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2009-04-28 | World Wide Stationery Manufacturing Company Limited | Ring binder mechanism spring biased to a locked position |
| US7404685B2 (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2008-07-29 | World Wide Stationery Manufacturing Company, Limited | Ring binder mechanism spring biased to a locked position when ring members close |
| US7534064B2 (en) | 2005-01-12 | 2009-05-19 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring mechanism biased to closed and locked position |
| US7726897B2 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2010-06-01 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism |
| US7661899B2 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2010-02-16 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Lever for a ring binder mechanism |
| US7665926B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2010-02-23 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring mechanism with spring biased travel bar |
| USD585935S1 (en) * | 2007-01-05 | 2009-02-03 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Rectilinear binder ring |
| US10118431B2 (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2018-11-06 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring for ring binder mechanism |
| JP5145795B2 (ja) * | 2006-07-24 | 2013-02-20 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 耐摩耗性および延性に優れたパーライト系レールの製造方法 |
| US20080085145A1 (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2008-04-10 | World Wide Stationery Manufacturing Company Limited | Ring binder mechanism having plastic housing |
| US7731441B2 (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2010-06-08 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism |
| US7648302B2 (en) | 2006-09-27 | 2010-01-19 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism |
| US20080199246A1 (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-08-21 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring Binder Mechanism having Plastic Housing |
| US8047737B2 (en) | 2006-09-27 | 2011-11-01 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism |
| CN201058539Y (zh) * | 2006-09-27 | 2008-05-14 | 国际文具制造厂有限公司 | 用于保持活页纸的环形夹机构 |
| US20090060631A1 (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-05 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism with polymeric housing and travel bar |
| US7950866B2 (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2011-05-31 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism with polymeric housing |
| US7819602B2 (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2010-10-26 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism |
| US8147160B2 (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2012-04-03 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism with polymeric housing and actuator |
| US8162556B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2012-04-24 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Actuator for a ring binder mechanism |
| CN102126374B (zh) | 2010-01-14 | 2013-10-30 | 国际文具制造厂有限公司 | 具有双时间缓冲的致动器的环形活页夹机构 |
| US8517624B2 (en) | 2010-11-12 | 2013-08-27 | R.R. Donnelly & Sons | Binder apparatus |
| US8393819B2 (en) | 2010-11-12 | 2013-03-12 | Moore Wallace North America, Inc. | Binder apparatus |
| CN103221226B (zh) * | 2010-11-17 | 2015-09-02 | 国誉株式会社 | 装订用具 |
| USD715855S1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2014-10-21 | ACCO Brands Corporation | Actuating lever for a binder mechanism |
| US8961055B2 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2015-02-24 | ACCO Brands Corporation | Actuating lever for a binder mechanism |
| US8899866B2 (en) | 2012-04-28 | 2014-12-02 | World Wide Stationary Mfg. Co. Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism with self-locking actuator |
| US9821594B2 (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2017-11-21 | U.S. Ring Binder, L.P. | Locking ring metal |
| US9815315B2 (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2017-11-14 | U.S. Ring Binder, L.P. | Locking ring metal |
| CN103009863B (zh) * | 2012-12-27 | 2015-03-25 | 东莞市新原文具有限公司 | 一种新型环夹 |
| US8480326B1 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2013-07-09 | Wing Sun WONG | Ring binder mechanism |
| US10086639B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-10-02 | Hans Johann Horn | Binder apparatus |
| US9522561B2 (en) | 2013-08-27 | 2016-12-20 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism |
| CN104589838B (zh) * | 2013-10-31 | 2017-07-04 | 国际文具制造厂有限公司 | 环形活页夹机构 |
| US9511617B2 (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2016-12-06 | World Wide Stationary Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism |
| US9102187B1 (en) | 2014-02-19 | 2015-08-11 | Chung Tin International, Inc. | Ring binder mechanism |
| KR101711569B1 (ko) | 2015-04-29 | 2017-03-02 | 이택동 | 슬라이드 개폐식 링 바인더 |
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| US8573876B2 (en) * | 2004-03-15 | 2013-11-05 | World Wide Stationery Manufacturing Company, Limited | Soft close ring binder mechanism with mating ring tips |
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| US7665926B2 (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2010-02-23 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring mechanism with spring biased travel bar |
| US20070086836A1 (en) * | 2005-09-19 | 2007-04-19 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism with operating lever and travel bar |
| US7524127B2 (en) | 2005-12-12 | 2009-04-28 | Staples The Office Superstore, Llc | Ring binder mechanism |
| US10118431B2 (en) | 2006-07-06 | 2018-11-06 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring for ring binder mechanism |
| US7648302B2 (en) | 2006-09-27 | 2010-01-19 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism |
| US7731441B2 (en) | 2006-09-27 | 2010-06-08 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism |
| US20090060631A1 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-05 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism with polymeric housing and travel bar |
| US7819602B2 (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2010-10-26 | World Wide Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism |
| CN102126374B (zh) | 2010-01-14 | 2013-10-30 | 国际文具制造厂有限公司 | 具有双时间缓冲的致动器的环形活页夹机构 |
| WO2011153950A1 (en) | 2010-06-09 | 2011-12-15 | World Wide Stationery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Ring binder mechanism having unitary structure |
| CN102343738B (zh) | 2011-08-24 | 2013-09-04 | 孔燕萍 | 环形手柄活页夹机构 |
-
2005
- 2005-07-27 US US11/190,328 patent/US7661899B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-17 ES ES05110903T patent/ES2313227T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-11-17 AT AT05110903T patent/ATE405436T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-11-17 DE DE602005009138T patent/DE602005009138D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-11-17 EP EP05110903A patent/EP1705032B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-11-17 PL PL05110903T patent/PL1705032T3/pl unknown
- 2005-11-17 PT PT05110903T patent/PT1705032E/pt unknown
- 2005-11-25 MX MXPA05012759A patent/MXPA05012759A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2005-11-30 KR KR1020050115170A patent/KR100907127B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-01 TW TW094142309A patent/TWI324109B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-12-01 TW TW096118238A patent/TWI325827B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-12-05 CA CA2657322A patent/CA2657322C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-05 CA CA002529121A patent/CA2529121C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-15 JP JP2005361201A patent/JP4441481B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-01-10 RU RU2006100283/12A patent/RU2337833C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-01-10 RU RU2007122375/12A patent/RU2408467C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-03-22 AR ARP060101139A patent/AR052953A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2006-11-21 US US11/562,261 patent/US7704005B2/en active Active
-
2007
- 2007-05-30 KR KR1020070052431A patent/KR20070062489A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2007-05-31 JP JP2007145045A patent/JP4708391B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2007-06-19 AR ARP070102693A patent/AR061684A2/es unknown
-
2009
- 2009-11-10 US US12/615,469 patent/US8814458B2/en active Active
-
2010
- 2010-03-08 US US12/719,461 patent/US7950867B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2010-04-05 KR KR1020100030783A patent/KR101036048B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-08-04 US US14/450,736 patent/US9180721B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-11-05 US US14/933,625 patent/US9676222B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2017
- 2017-03-28 US US15/471,876 patent/US10173458B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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