JP2007118182A - Workpiece supply device for movable vertical spindle type machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a movable vertical spindle type machine tool capable of shortening the machining time in total by automatically and quickly changing works. <P>SOLUTION: This workpiece supply device for a movable vertical spindle type machine tool is provided with a workpiece transposing device sparated from a machining position by a vertical spindle in the horizontal direction and capable of approaching a workpiece delivery position in the movement range of the spindle, and a conveying device for supplying/discharging the workpiece to/from the workpiece transposing device at a position retreated from the workpiece delivery position. The workpiece transposing device is provided with a movable base to be loaded with at least one workpiece and a moving device for moving the movable base between an advance position positioned under the spindle moved to the workpiece delivery position and a retreat position for supplying/receiving the workpiece to/from a conveying device. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a workpiece supply device for supplying a new workpiece to a vertical spindle moving machine tool including a headstock that is inclined at an angle close to or perpendicular to the main shaft and can move a spindle in an axial direction and a horizontal direction. About.

  As a vertical spindle machine tool having a spindle inclined at an angle close to or perpendicular to this, for example, there is a vertical lathe. Some vertical lathes can move the headstock that supports the spindle in the horizontal direction from the workpiece machining position. When the workpiece reaches the workpiece transfer position by this movement, the spindle releases the processed workpiece from the workpiece supply device that stores a large number of workpieces, receives the supply of the unmachined workpiece, returns to the workpiece machining position again, and performs machining To start.

  The conventional workpiece supply device has a large number of workpieces arranged on a belt conveyor or rotating disk, and the main axis of the vertical lathe moves from the machining position to the immediate vicinity of the circulating belt or rotating disk. It was necessary to exchange work. However, the main spindle of a vertical lathe has a rigid structure and a guide mechanism with high positioning accuracy, so that it is heavy and difficult to operate quickly. As a result, there is a problem that it takes a long time to replace the workpiece while it is easy to automatically replace the workpiece. In particular, during workpiece exchange, the spindle is occupied by the work from the beginning to the end of the exchange operation, and machining cannot be performed, which causes a problem that the total machining time becomes long.

  The same problem also applies to various vertical spindle-moving machine tools that have a spindle head that can be tilted at an angle close to or perpendicular to it, such as a vertical grinder, and that can move the spindle in the axial and horizontal directions. It happens in the same way.

  The present invention solves such problems of the conventional technique, and provides a vertical spindle moving machine tool capable of quickly performing automatic workpiece replacement and consequently reducing the total machining time. With the goal.

  The object of the present invention is to supply a new workpiece to a vertical spindle moving machine tool having a headstock that can move a spindle inclined at an angle close to or perpendicular to the axis direction and a horizontal direction. A workpiece supply device, which is a workpiece replacement device capable of entering a workpiece transfer position that is separated from a machining position by a spindle in a horizontal direction and is within a range of movement of the spindle, and the workpiece replacement at a place where the workpiece is moved away from the workpiece transfer position And a transfer device for supplying and discharging a workpiece to and from the device, wherein the workpiece changing device has a movable table on which at least one workpiece can be placed, and a forward movement located below the main shaft moved to the workpiece transfer position. A vertical spindle moving machine tool comprising a moving device for moving the movable table at a position and a retracted position for receiving supply and discharge of a work from the transfer device. It is accomplished by the workpiece feeder.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the workpiece supply apparatus which has the following effects can be provided. That is, the workpiece supply device includes a workpiece replacement device that can move horizontally from the machining position of the spindle and enter a workpiece transfer position that is within the range of movement of the spindle, and the workpiece replacement device at a location where the workpiece is moved away from the workpiece transfer position. And a transfer device for supplying and discharging a workpiece to and from the device, wherein the workpiece changing device has a movable table on which at least one workpiece can be placed, and a forward movement located below the main shaft moved to the workpiece transfer position. A moving device is provided for moving the movable table between a position and a retracted position where the workpiece is supplied and discharged from the transfer device. Accordingly, the workpiece is moved from the retracted position on the conveying device side to the workpiece transfer position by the moving device. As a result, the workpiece can be transferred when the spindle moves to the workpiece transfer position in front of the workpiece transfer device. Therefore, the moving time of the spindle is shortened, and the total machining time combined with the actual machining time is shortened. In particular, the main spindle of a vertical spindle moving machine tool has a rigid structure and a guide mechanism with high positioning accuracy, and thus has a large weight and is difficult to operate quickly. Therefore, the effect of reducing time by reducing the moving distance is high.

  In addition, the workpiece replacement device can include a positioning device for allowing the workpiece to take an accurate position with respect to the spindle moved to the workpiece transfer position. Thereby, transfer of the workpiece | work in a workpiece | work transfer position is performed smoothly. As a result, the transfer device does not need to have a very high accuracy with respect to the position of the workpiece during workpiece transfer. In this way, if the transfer device and the workpiece changer are separated, the positioning accuracy can be concentrated on the workpiece changer, and the transfer device can be roughly performed, making it easy to manufacture the entire workpiece supply device. Thus, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  Further, the positioning device includes an engagement element that takes a raised position that engages with the movable base for accurate positioning, and a lowered position that releases the engagement, and an actuator that moves the engagement element up and down to both positions. And when the movable table is in the retracted position, the engaging element is brought to the lowered position, and when the movable table is in the advanced position, the engaging element is brought to the raised position. it can. In this way, if the movable base itself that moves the workpiece to the workpiece transfer position is provided with an engagement element and the workpiece is positioned using the vertical movement, the workpiece can be moved to the workpiece transfer position and the positioning can be performed. This is advantageous in that the apparatus can be simplified and the operation time can be shortened.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings used for description, the same or similar parts may be denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof may be omitted.

Below, the workpiece supply apparatus applied to the vertical lathe will be described. First, an example of a vertical lathe will be described, and then a workpiece supply device will be described.
I. Vertical Lathe As shown in FIG. 1, the vertical lathe L includes a spindle driving device 305 that moves the spindle 303, a base 307 that supports the spindle driving device 305, and a machining device 309 that processes the workpiece W. It has.

  The main shaft 303 includes a chuck 311 that extends in the Z direction in the drawing and grips the workpiece W in a detachable manner, and is rotatably supported by the main shaft base 313. The spindle stock 313 incorporates a motor (not shown) and drives the spindle 303 to rotate around the spindle axis.

  The spindle driving device 305 is for moving and positioning the spindle stock 313 in the Z direction in FIG. 1 and in the X direction perpendicular to the Z direction on the paper surface and extending toward a processing apparatus described later. A support base 315 erected on 307 and a table 317 that moves in the X direction on the support base 315 are provided. A pair of rails 319 extending in the Z direction is attached to the table 317, and the head stock 313 is movable on the table 317 in the Z direction via the rails 319. As shown in FIG. 2, the table 317 includes a first ball screw 325 that extends in the Z direction and is rotationally driven by a first servo motor 321, and a first nut 323 that is screwed into the ball screw 325 is provided. It is fixed to the headstock 313. Therefore, when the nut 323 moves due to the rotation of the ball screw 325, the headstock 313 moves in the Z direction.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a pair of rails 327 that support the table 317 movably in the X direction are attached to the support base 315. Further, the support base 315 includes a second ball screw 331 that extends in the X direction and is rotationally driven by a second servo motor 329, and a second nut (not shown) that engages with the second ball screw 331. It is fixed to the table 317. With this configuration, when the servo motor 329 rotates and the nut moves, the table 317 moves in the X direction accordingly.

  The processing apparatus 309 includes a turret 335 on which the tool T is mounted, and a movable member 337 that supports the turret 335, and the movable member 337 is on one side (right side in FIG. 1) on the base 307. It is supported by a support frame 333 fixed to the support base 315. The support frame 333 is formed in an L shape in front view including a side surface portion 333a and a bottom surface portion 333b, and a rail 339 extending in the Y direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 1 is provided on each of the side surface portion 333a and the bottom surface portion 333b. It has been. The movable member 337 is supported by the support frame 333 via these rails 339 and is movable in the Y direction.

  A plurality of types of tools T are detachably mounted on the turret 335 and supported by the movable member 337 so as to be rotatable about the X direction. In the illustrated example, two types of tools, that is, an end mill T1 extending in the Z direction and forming a groove at the bottom of the workpiece W, and a drill T2 extending in the X direction for drilling a hole on the side surface are attached. The turret 335 is turned so that any one of the tools can be selectively placed at a predetermined processing position. Needless to say, other tools can be attached to the turret 335, and for example, a tool, a boring bar, a tap, or the like can be attached.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a large-diameter bore 347 is formed in the side surface portion 333 a of the support frame 333, and two motors attached to the movable member 337 from the bore 347, that is, a motor 349 that rotates a turret 335. And the motor 351 which rotates the tool T protrudes.

As shown in FIG. 2, a control panel 359 is disposed on the back surface of the support base 315. The control panel 359 controls the spindle driving device 305, the processing device 309, and the workpiece supply device described below. Do.
II. Work supply device (first embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 3, the workpiece supply device F <b> 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is disposed on the side of the base 307 opposite to the processing device 309.

Hereinafter, the workpiece supply apparatus F1 will be described. As schematically shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the workpiece supply device F <b> 1 is a workpiece changing device capable of moving away from the machining position by the spindle in the horizontal direction and entering the workpiece transfer position within the movement range of the spindle. 10 and a transfer device 30 that supplies and discharges the workpiece W to and from the workpiece changing device at a location where the workpiece is moved away from the workpiece transfer position. The transport apparatus 30 can take various forms, and in this embodiment, the transport apparatus 30 takes a form in which a large number of movable platforms 31 are circulated. First, the transport device 30 will be described.
(1) Conveying device As the position in the conveying device 30 in the following description, the end near the workpiece changer 10 is the near end, the far end is the far end, and the portion connecting these is the intermediate portion. I will call it. At the far end portion (or intermediate portion), the work W is supplied to and discharged from the transfer device 30 by a supply / discharge device such as a robot (not shown) or by manual work. The transport device 30 includes first, second, third, and fourth driving devices that drive the supplied workpiece W in the directions of arrows 30a, 30b, 30c, and 30d in FIG. Hereinafter, these will be mainly described.
(1-1) First Drive Device FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a part of the far end portion and the intermediate portion of the transport device 30, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIG. . As shown in these drawings, the transport device 30 takes a form in which a large number of movable bases 31 that are rectangular in plan view are moved along a rectangular transport path. There is a vacant space corresponding to one movable table 31 on the conveyance path, and the movable table 31 is moved one by one with the movement to that space as one frame. A large number of guide members 34 with rotating balls are provided on a support plate 33 supported by a support base 32 (FIG. 7) at the far end of the transport device. The movable base 31 is smoothly supported in the horizontal direction with the lower surface supported by the guide member 34.

  At the far end, the movable base 31 is moved by the first driving device 40 perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction in which the intermediate portion of the transport device 30 extends, that is, in the width direction of the transport device 30 (arrow 30a in FIG. 3). The first driving device 40 includes a pusher 42 that is guided by the rail 41 on the support plate 33 and slides in the moving direction of the movable base 31. The pusher 42 moves the movable table 31 by pressing the side surface of the movable table 31 at the tip. The driving is performed by an air cylinder 43 installed below the support plate 33. A first lever 45 is pivotally supported at the lower end of the support plate 44 extending from the lower surface of the support plate 33, a second lever 46 is pivotally supported at the tip of the first lever 45, and the tip of the second lever 46 is It is pivotally supported by the pusher 42. The plunger 43 a of the air cylinder 43 is pivotally supported at the intermediate portion of the first lever 45. Accordingly, when the air cylinder 43 operates and the plunger 43a protrudes when the pusher 42 is in the retracted position shown in FIG. 5, the first lever 45 rotates rightward in FIG. 5, and the second lever is accompanied by this. Then pull the pusher 42. Thereby, the pusher 42 moves the movable base 31 in the width direction of the transport device 30. Before this movement, the movable table 31 located on the right side of FIG. 5 is moved by one frame in the longitudinal direction of the transport device 30 by a second driving device described later, and a void is formed thereafter. In this state, when the first lever 45 is rotated from the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 5 to the position indicated by the two-dot difference line, the movable base 31 is fed by one frame in the width direction of the transport device 30.

On the support plate 33, a detent device 35 is provided below the moving path of the movable table 31 so that the movable table 31 that has been frame-fed is not reversed. FIG. 6 shows details of the detent device 35. As shown in the drawing, the detent device 35 is supported by a support member fixed on the support plate 33 so that the detent piece 35b can be rotated in the vertical direction. The detent piece 35b is formed with a recess that opens on the lower surface, and a compression spring 35c is inserted therein. The compression spring 35c is in contact with the top surface of the recess and the upper surface of the support plate 33 to urge the detent device 35 upward. The distal end portion of the detent piece 35b has an inclined surface that rises in the moving direction of the movable base 31, and extends downward in the vertical direction from its uppermost end to form an end surface. Therefore, when the movable table 31 is moved by being pushed by the pusher, the detent piece 35b is pushed against the spring 35c by being pushed by the movable table 31 on the inclined surface of the front end portion, and the movable table 31 is moved over it. pass. When the movable table 31 is fed by one frame, the tip of the detent piece 35b is released from the movable table 31 and is raised by the spring force of the spring 35c. As a result, the front end surface of the detent piece 35b is in contact with the lower side surface of the movable table 31, and prevents the movable table 31 from going backwards. The detent device 35 performs the same operation every time the movable base 31 is fed by one frame, and ensures each frame feed.
(1-2) Second Drive Device FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, a second drive device 50 and the like are provided to move the movable base 31 from the far end toward the near end in the intermediate portion. The structure is almost the same as that of the first drive device 40. That is, a guide member 36 in which a large number of rollers are arranged on the support plate 33 in the movable table moving direction is provided at the intermediate portion. The movable table 31 is smoothly supported in the horizontal direction with the lower surface supported by the guide member 36. In the intermediate portion, the movable platform 31 is moved in the longitudinal direction of the transport device 30 by the second driving device 50. The second drive device 50 includes a pusher 52 that is driven by an air cylinder 53 and guided by a rail 51 on a support plate 33 to slide to move the movable base 31. A first lever 55 is fixed to the lower end portion of the support plate 54 extending from the lower surface of the support plate 33, and a second lever 56 and a pusher 52 are connected to the lower lever 56 so as to be sequentially rotatable. The plunger 53 a of the air cylinder 53 is pivotally supported at the intermediate portion of the first lever 55. When the air cylinder 53 operates and the plunger 53a protrudes when the pusher 52 is in the retracted position shown in FIG. 7, the first lever 55 rotates rightward in FIG. 7, and the second lever is accompanied by the pusher. 52 is moved to move the movable base 31. When the first lever 55 rotates from the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 7 to the position indicated by the two-point difference line, the movable base 31 is fed by one frame in the longitudinal direction of the transport device 30. A detent device 35 is provided to engage the movable base 31 after the first movement from the far end to the near end.
(1-3) Third Drive Device FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a part of the proximal end portion and the intermediate portion of the transport device 30, and FIG. 9 is a view taken in the direction of arrow VIII in FIG. 4 shows a part of the driving device 70 cut away).

  At the near end, the movable base 31 is moved by the third drive device 60 at a right angle to the longitudinal direction in which the intermediate portion of the transport device 30 extends, that is, in the width direction of the transport device 30 (arrow 30c in FIG. 3). It is done.

The structure of the third driving device 60 is substantially the same as that of the first driving device 40. The support plate 33 of the transport device 30 terminates in front of the near end portion, and the moving plate 81 is positioned adjacent to the end (this will be described later in the light of the support structure of the moving plate 81). A large number of guide members 64 with rotating balls are provided on the moving plate 81, and the movable base 31 moves smoothly in the horizontal direction with the lower surface supported by the guide members 64. The third driving device 60 includes a pusher 62 that is driven by an air cylinder 63 and guided by a rail 61 on a moving plate 81 to slide to move the movable base 31. A first lever 65 is axially fixed to a lower end portion of the support plate 64 extending from the lower surface of the moving plate 81, and a second lever 66 and a pusher 62 are sequentially connected to the lower end portion of the support plate 64. The plunger 63 a of the air cylinder 63 is pivotally supported at the intermediate portion of the first lever 65. When the air cylinder 63 operates and the plunger 63a protrudes when the pusher 62 is in the retracted position shown in FIG. 9, the first lever 65 rotates rightward in FIG. 9, and the second lever is accompanied by the pusher. 62 is moved to move the movable base 31. When the first lever 65 rotates from the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 9 to the position indicated by the two-point difference line, the movable base 31 is fed by one frame in the width direction of the transport device 30. A detent device 35 is provided so as to engage with the movable table 31 after the movement.
(1-4) Fourth Drive Device FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, a fourth drive device 70 and the like are provided in order to move the movable base 31 from the near end to the far end at the intermediate portion. The structure is also substantially the same as that of the first drive device 40. That is, a guide member 36 in which a large number of rollers are arranged in the moving table moving direction is provided on the support plate 33, and the movable table 31 is smoothly moved in the horizontal direction with the lower surface supported by the guide member 36. The fourth drive device 70 includes a pusher 72 driven by an air cylinder 73. The pusher 72 has a rectangular box shape in plan view as shown in FIG. 8, and both sides are guided by the guide plate 71 ′ and slide to move the movable base 31. A support plate 74 extending in the longitudinal direction of the transport device 30 is attached to the support base 37 at the near end. The support plate 74 is substantially C-shaped, the lower part is fixed to the support base 37, and the support plate 64, the first lever 65, the second lever 66, etc. of the third driving device are located in the central curved portion. ing. A first lever 75 of a fourth driving device is pivotally connected to the support plate 74, and a second lever 76 and a pusher 72 are connected to the support plate 74 so as to be sequentially rotatable. The first lever 75 is L-shaped, and the plunger 73 a of the air cylinder 73 is pivotally supported at one end of the first lever 75. When the air cylinder 73 operates and the plunger 73a protrudes when the pusher 72 is in the retracted position shown in FIG. 10, the first lever 75 rotates leftward in FIG. 10, and the second lever is accompanied by the pusher. 72 is moved to move the movable table 31. When the first lever 75 rotates from the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 10 to the position indicated by the two-dot difference line, the movable base 31 is fed by one frame in the longitudinal direction of the transport device 30. A detent device 35 is provided to engage the movable base 31 after the first movement from the near end to the far end. The detent piece 35b ′ of the detent device 35 has a mounting direction opposite to that already described, and accordingly, the inclined surface of the distal end portion is also formed to rise from the distal end to the proximal end side, A locking surface extending in the vertical direction downward from the highest position of the inclined surface is formed. By arranging the detent device 35 in this direction, it is easy to secure an installation space for the workpiece changing device 10.
(2) Work Change Device Next, the work change device 10 will be described with reference to FIG. 8, FIG. 9, and FIG. The workpiece changing device 10 is configured so that the workpiece takes an accurate position with respect to the moving plate 81 described in the third driving device 60, the reciprocating device 90 that moves the moving plate 81, and the spindle that has moved to the workpiece transfer position. The positioning device 100 is provided.

  The moving plate 81 includes a plurality of sliding members 83 on the lower surface, and is thereby in contact with the rail 38 provided at the upper end portion of the frame-shaped support base 37 so as to be slidable in the width direction of the transport device 30. That is, it slides between the retracted position shown in the drawing and the advanced position corresponding to the workpiece transfer position.

  The reciprocating device 90 includes a base 91 provided on the opposite side of the support 37 from the first arm of the third driving device. A shaft 92 protrudes from the lower part of the base 91 toward the support base 37, and the first arm 93 is rotatably supported by the shaft 92. A second arm 94 is pivotally fixed to the distal end of the first arm 93, and a connecting member 82 extends downward from the distal end of the second arm 94 from the end of the moving plate 81 farther from the fourth driving device 70. It is fixed to the shaft.

  A drive motor is built in the base 91, and a disk 95 is fixed to the shaft. A pin 96 is provided near the outer periphery of the disk 95, and one end of the connecting rod 97 is connected to the pin 96, and the other end of the connecting rod 97 is connected to a pin 98 in the middle of the first arm 93. The connecting rod 97 is attached so that when the first arm 93 is in the retracted position farthest from the workpiece transfer position, the pin 96 is also positioned farthest from the workpiece transfer position.

  The positioning device 100 includes an engaging element 101 that takes an ascending position that engages with the movable base 31 and a descending position that releases the engaging, and an actuator 102 that moves the engaging element 101 up and down to both positions. FIG. 11 shows the positioning device 100 based on FIG. In this example, the engaging element 101 is provided on the moving plate 81 so as to take a position corresponding to the vicinity of the corner of the movable base 31, and can be slid on the cylinder 103 that is fixedly passed through the through hole of the moving plate 81. Has been passed. The tip of the engagement element 101 is tapered, and a flange 101a is formed slightly below. The lower end portion of the engaging element 101 is narrowed through a stepped portion, penetrates the holding plate 105, and is fixed by a nut 106. A compression coil spring 104 is inserted between the lower step of the engagement element 101 and the holding plate 105. The holding plate 105 has a cross shape in plan view (FIG. 8). In this example, the actuator 102 includes an air cylinder 102 including a cylinder body 102a and a plunger 102b. The distal end portion of the plunger 102 b is coupled to the holding plate 105. The movable base 31 has holes 31a having substantially the same diameter as the engaging element 101 in the vicinity of the four corners. When actuated, the actuator 102 pulls up the plunger 102 b and raises the holding plate 105 and the engaging element 101 against the spring 104. As a result, the engaging element 101 enters the hole 31a of the movable table 31 as shown in FIG. The engagement element 101 slightly lifts the movable base 31 from the position on the guide member 34 by the flange 101a. The actuator 102 does not operate while the movable base 31 is moved by the conveying device 30, and operates when the engaging element 101 is in the lowered position and is moved between the workpiece transfer position by the workpiece changing device 10. Thus, the engagement element 101 is controlled to reach the raised position.

  The drive motor of the reciprocating device 90 operates after the movable base 31 is positioned in this way. As a result, the disk 95 rotates and the first arm 93 is rotated via the connecting rod 97. As a result, the second arm 94 also moves, and the moving plate 81 slides while being guided by the rail 38 together with the connecting member 82. When the disk rotates halfway from the illustrated retracted position, as shown in FIG. 13, the moving plate 81 takes the most advanced position, and the workpiece W placed on the movable table 31 reaches the workpiece transfer position (see FIG. 9). Rightmost state).

The main spindle 303 of the vertical lathe L moves to this workpiece transfer position and transfers workpieces to and from the movable table 31. When receiving the workpiece, the spindle 303 moves downward by opening the chuck, stops when it contacts the workpiece, closes the chuck, grips the workpiece, and moves up. Further, when the workpiece is transferred, the spindle 303 descends while gripping the workpiece, stops when the workpiece contacts the movable base 31, opens the chuck, grips and releases the workpiece, and then moves up. In either case, an impact is generated when the main shaft 303 is lowered to contact the workpiece or the movable table 31. The engagement element 101 lifts up the movable base 31 while being biased upward by the coil spring 104. Therefore, the impact at the time of contact with the main shaft 303 is alleviated by the spring 104.
(3) Scattering prevention mechanism In this embodiment, a scattering prevention mechanism 84 is provided for preventing machining scraps from scattering around when the workpiece W supported by the main shaft 303 is cut. The anti-scattering mechanism 84 includes anti-scattering plates arranged at various locations on the machine tool so as to surround the workpiece W at the machining position. In this example, the front side of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1, that is, the left side of FIG. 2, is covered with a cover 360 (shown schematically by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 2).

Scattering of processing scraps upward from the processing position is prevented by the first scattering prevention plate 84a. The first scattering prevention plate 84 a includes a movable plate 84 a ₁ attached to the lower surface of the head stock 313 and a fixed plate 84 a ₂ attached to the cover 360. The movable plate 84a ₁ extends substantially horizontally from the lower surface of the headstock, a gap through which the spindle and the workpiece are passed is formed in the center, and second and third scattering described later when the headstock moves in the left-right direction. It extends over a range that maintains the engagement with the prevention plate. Further, the rear side contact to close to the support base 315, the front side is in contact with the fixed plate 84a _2. The fixed plate 84a ₂ extends from the position in contact with the fixed plate 84a ₂ to the cover 360.

Scattering from the processing position to the right is prevented by the second scattering prevention plate 84b attached to the movable member 337 of the turret 335 and the cover 360. The second scattering prevention plate 84 b includes a fixed plate 84 _{b 2} attached to the cover 360 and a movable plate 84 _{b 1} attached to the movable member 337. The fixing plate 84b ₂ extends from the cover 360 in the vertical direction and the direction toward the main shaft, the upper portion is inclined to secure a space for the processing position, and the upper end portion is in contact with the first scattering prevention plate 84a via the seal lip. Yes. An oblong window that is long in the horizontal direction is formed at the center of the fixed plate 84b ₂ to allow the turret 335 to move. The movable plate 84b ₁ extends from the movable member 337 and extends in parallel to the fixed plate so as to take a position covering the window of the fixed plate 84b ₂ even when the movable plate moves.

Scattering from the processing position to the left is prevented by a third intrusion prevention plate 84c provided on the moving plate 81 side. The third scattering prevention plate 84 c includes a movable plate 84 c ₁ attached to the front end portion of the moving plate 81 and a fixed plate 84 c ₂ attached to the support base 315 and the cover 360. Movable plate 84c ₁ extends in the vertical direction, has a width that protrudes from the movable plate 81 to the both sides, the upper end is in contact with the first scatter preventing plate 84a via the seal lip. The fixed plate 84c ₂ extends in the vertical direction substantially parallel to the movable plate 84c ₁ and is arranged so that the side end portion overlaps both side portions of the moving plate when the moving plate 81 is in the retracted position. 1 is in contact with or close to the scattering prevention plate 84a.

As described above, the scattering prevention mechanism 84 is provided so as to surround the machining position and prevent the machining dust from scattering and not to disturb the function of each part of the apparatus.
III. Description of Operation Next, the operation of the above apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15.

  Step a: The workpiece W that has first reached the near end by the conveying device 30 is moved by the second driving device 50 and is located on the far side from the workpiece transfer position on the moving plate 81. Up to this point, the first drive device 40 and the second drive device 50 have repeatedly moved one frame at a far end.

  Step b: The workpiece changing device 10 operates. First, the positioning device 100 is operated to accurately position the workpiece W, and the reciprocating device 90 is operated to move the moving plate 81 to the forward position (b). During this time, the spindle 303 moves to the workpiece transfer position.

  Step c: The main shaft 303 descends and grips the workpiece W with the chuck, and then rises and returns to the original machining position.

  Step d: The workpiece changing apparatus 10 returns the moving plate 81 to the retracted position, and the lathe L lowers the main shaft 303 and starts machining using the tool T.

  Step e: The transport device 30 moves the movable table 31 to the workpiece transfer position side by the third driving device 60, and the position after the movable table 31 is moved becomes a vacant space.

  Step f: The transfer device 30 moves the next movable base 31 on which the workpiece W is placed by the second drive device 50 to a space at the near end. The lathe L that has finished machining raises the spindle 303.

  Step g: The workpiece changer 10 moves the moving plate 81 to the workpiece transfer position by the reciprocating device 90. The lathe L raises the spindle 303, moves to the workpiece transfer position P, and descends, and returns the workpiece W to the original movable table 31.

  Step h: The spindle 303 of the lathe L opens the chuck to release the processed workpiece W, moves to the adjacent workpiece W on the moving plate 81, and grips the workpiece W by the chuck. To do.

Step i: The lathe L raises the spindle 303 and moves to the machining position while holding the workpiece W.
Step j: The workpiece changing device 10 returns the moving plate 81 to the retracted position by the reciprocating device 90. The lathe L lowers the main shaft 303 and starts machining using the tool T.

Step k: The transport device 30 moves the movable table 31 on the workpiece transfer position side of the moving plate 81 by one frame to the far end side by the fourth drive device 70. On the moving plate 81, the movable base 31 on which the workpiece W being processed is placed remains. This state has returned to the previous step d, and by repeating the steps again, new workpieces W are sequentially processed and conveyed.
(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the workpiece supply apparatus according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 16 is a plan view of a workpiece supply device F2 according to the second embodiment. The workpiece supply device F2 includes a workpiece replacement device 110 and a transfer device 130 that have different functions from those of the workpiece supply device F1 according to the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the conveying device 130 is configured to connect a large number of holding bases 140 to the chain 150 so as to go around. First, the transport device 130 will be described.
(1) Conveying Device FIGS. 17 and 18 are a plan view and a front view showing a part of a near end portion and an intermediate portion of the workpiece supply device F2 shown in FIG. 16, respectively. The transport device 130 includes a number of holding bases 140 that circulate on a support plate 131 supported horizontally by a support base (not shown). As in the first embodiment, the support plate 131 is elongated so as to be perpendicular to the horizontal movement direction of the main shaft 303. The holding stand 140 includes a base portion 141 having a roller 142 attached to the lower portion thereof and a columnar mounting portion 143 extending thereon, and the base portion 141 is coupled to the chain 150 at the side portion (see later). (See also FIG. 21).

  The chain 150 meshes with sprockets 151 and 152 disposed at both ends of the chain, and is driven by a motor (not shown) provided on one of the sprockets. The chain 150 includes two straight running paths extending in parallel and a semicircular turning circuit connecting both ends thereof. In this example, the length of the turning circuit is equal to the mounting pitch of the holding base 140 in the straight path. As a result, immediately after one holding table 140 passes through the circuit, the position immediately before the subsequent holding table 140 enters the circuit from the straight path is taken. In other words, the holding bases 140 that follow each other are positioned at the ends of the two straight paths. This is desirable in terms of the function of the workpiece changing device as will be described later.

On the mounting part 143, the movable stand 120 on which a workpiece is placed is placed. The movable base 120 has a portion that protrudes in the radial direction from the mounting portion 143, and a hole 121 for passing an engaging member, which will be described later, is formed in the protruding portion, and the portion that contacts the upper surface of the mounting portion 143 is below Two pins 122 are provided to extend to. A hole 144 corresponding to the pin 122 is formed in the mounting portion 143, and the position of the movable base 120 is held on the mounting portion 143 by the engagement of both. The hole 144 is larger in diameter than the pin 122 and has a gap in order to enable accurate positioning of the movable table 120 later.
(2) Workpiece positioning device The support plate 131 of the transfer device 130 terminates in front of the near end portion, and the moving plate 161 of the workpiece changing device 110 is positioned adjacent to the support plate 131. In this example, the moving plate 161 is supported by the lower plate 163 via the spacer 162. The lower plate 163 is slidably supported on a rail 164 extending in the transport device width direction on the support base 131 of the transport device 130. One end of the second arm 94 ′ is pivotally supported on the far end of the lower plate 163 via the vertical member 165, and the other end of the second arm 94 ′ is pivotally supported on the first arm 93 ′. These arms are a part of a reciprocating device 90 ′ (not shown) that reciprocates the lower plate 163 in the conveying device width direction. Since the structure of the reciprocating device 90 ′ is the same as that of the reciprocating device 90 shown in FIGS.

  The lower plate 163 extends in the longitudinal direction of the conveying device from a position where the moving plate 161 is supported, and a positioning device for allowing the workpiece to take an accurate position with respect to the main shaft moved to the workpiece transfer position. 170 is supported. The positioning device 170 includes a rail 171 extending on the lower plate 163 in the longitudinal direction of the transport device and a sliding plate 172 supported thereon. The sliding plate 172 is provided with a holding plate 173 that extends in the vertical direction, and two rails 174 that extend in the vertical direction are provided on the moving plate side of the holding plate 173. A pair of holding members 175 are slidably supported on the rail 174 via a sliding member 176. As shown in FIG. 17, the holding member 175 has a substantially C shape in plan view, and extends toward the placement portion 143 of the holding table 140. The holding member 175 has a dimension that allows the mounting portion 143 to pass through a C-shaped central portion, and through holes are formed at the four corners, and positioning engaging members 181 are inserted into the through holes. The distal end portion of the engaging element 181 is tapered, and the lower portion thereof is a cylindrical shape having a space opened downward. The upper portion of the rod 182 is inserted into the space. The lower end of the rod 182 is fixed to the holding member 175 with a nut 184 via a stop plate 183. A compression coil spring 185 is inserted between the lower part of the engaging element 181 and the stop plate 183.

  An air cylinder 187 is attached to the holding table 173 on the side opposite to the holding member 175. The lower end portion of the air cylinder 187 is supported by a support plate 188 protruding from the holding member 175, and the upper end portion is coupled to the connecting plate 189 extending from the upper end of the holding member 175 beyond the notch of the holding table 173. This air cylinder functions as an actuator for moving the engaging member 181 up and down.

As shown in FIG. 19, an extension member 177 extends from the sliding plate 172 to the far end portion side of the conveying device, and an air cylinder 177 is attached thereto. The plunger 178a of the air cylinder 177 extends in the longitudinal direction of the transport device beyond the sliding plate 172 and is coupled to the end of the lower plate 163.
(3) Explanation of operation This work changer 110 operates as follows. When the holding table 140 is moved by the transfer device 130 and the holding table 140 positioned on the moving plate 161 reaches the support plate 131, the driving by the chain 150 is temporarily stopped. At this time, as described above, the holding table 140 that moves back and forth is positioned at the ends of the two straight paths on the support plate 131. Next, the air cylinder 178 is operated and the plunger 178a protrudes, whereby the slide plate 172 is guided and slid by the rail 171 from the position shown in FIG. 18 to the position shown in FIG. At this time, the engaging element 181 of the positioning device 170 is positioned almost directly below the hole 121 of the movable base 120. Since the two holding bases 140 are aligned with the ends of the respective straight paths, the movable bases 120 on each of the holding bases 140 are positioned with respect to the pair of holding members 175 in the same manner. Here, the air cylinder 187 is operated, and the holding member 175 is raised via the connecting plate 189 by the protrusion of the plunger 187a. As a result, the engagement element 181 enters the hole 121 and lifts the movable base 120. As a result, the position of the movable table 120 is accurately determined. Next, the reciprocating device 90 ′ is activated. As a result, the lower plate 163 moves in the transport device width direction. As a result, as shown in FIG. 21, the movable table 120 and the workpiece W thereon also move to reach the workpiece transfer position.

Thereafter, the workpiece W is exchanged with the spindle 303 in the same manner as described in the first embodiment.
(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the workpiece supply apparatus according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 22 is a plan view of the workpiece supply device F3 according to the third embodiment, FIG. 23 is a view showing the main part thereof, and FIG. 24 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. This work supply device F3 also includes a work positioning device 210 and a transfer device 230. First, the transport device 230 will be described.
(1) Conveying Device In this embodiment, the conveying device 230 takes the form of a rotary disk 250 that places a large number of movable platforms 240 in the circumferential direction and rotates intermittently. As shown in the figure, the movable base 240 includes a disk-shaped base body 241 and small circular engaging portions 242 provided to project downward from four locations near the outer periphery of the lower surface thereof. A hole 243 is formed in the upper base body 241 so as to pass therethrough.

  The rotary disk 250 has a number of notches 251 for receiving a movable table in the circumferential direction. The notch 251 is formed so as to penetrate the rotary disk 250. As shown in FIG. 23, the notch 251 has a substantially circular shape with a smaller diameter than the outer periphery of the movable base 240, and has a semicircular recess so as to receive the engaging portion 242. It is provided at three locations on the periphery. The notch 251 is opened to the outside of the rotary disk 250 through the opening 253, and the engaging part 242 of the movable base is also received in the opening 253.

The transport device 230 includes a large number of movable platforms 240 arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotary disk 250 supported by a support platform (not shown). The rotary disk 250 is supported by a central support column 255, and is rotated intermittently by a driving device (not shown) so that the movable table 240 stops at a position corresponding to a workpiece changing device described later.
(2) Workpiece changing device In this example, the workpiece changing device 210 includes a lower plate 261 that extends from a position facing two notches in the rotary disk 250 toward a workpiece transfer position and a support base 262 that supports the lower plate 261. And. Two rails 263 extending in the same direction as the lower plate 261 are provided on the lower plate 261. A movable plate 265 is slidably supported on the rail via a sliding member 264.

  One end of the second arm 94 ″ is pivotally supported on the side of the moving plate 265 facing the rotary disk 250 via the vertical member 266, and the other end of the second arm 94 ″ is pivotally supported on the first arm 93 ″. Has been. These arms are part of a reciprocating device 90 ″ for reciprocating the moving plate 265 in the width direction of the conveying device. Since the structure of this reciprocating device 90 '' is the same as that of the reciprocating device 90 shown in FIGS.

  On the moving plate 265, a positioning device 270 for supporting the workpiece in an accurate position with respect to the spindle moved to the workpiece transfer position is supported. The positioning device 270 has the following configuration. A holding plate 273 extending in the vertical direction is erected on the moving plate 265, and two rails 274 extending in the vertical direction are provided on the rotary disk 250 side of the holding plate 273. The rail 274 supports a sliding plate 276 that is engaged with the rail by a sliding member, and two holding members 275 are supported by the sliding plate 276. As shown in FIG. 23, each of the two holding members 275 has a substantially X shape in plan view. One end portion of the X shape is coupled to the sliding member 276, and the other three end portions are movable bases. It extends so as to be able to coincide with the engagement portion 242 of 240. The two holding members 275 are formed with through holes at positions corresponding to the four engaging portions of the movable base 240 received in the notches of the rotary disk 250, and positioning engaging members 281 are formed in the through holes. Has been inserted. The distal end portion of the engaging element 281 is tapered, and the lower part thereof is a cylindrical shape having a space opened downward. The upper portion of the rod 282 is inserted into the space. The lower end of the rod 282 is fixed to the holding member 275 with a nut 284 via a stop plate 283. A compression coil spring 285 is inserted between the lower portion of the engagement element 281 and the stop plate 283.

An air cylinder 287 is attached to the holding plate 273 on the side opposite to the holding member 275. The lower end of the air cylinder 287 is supported by the moving plate 265, and the upper end is coupled to the connecting plate 289 extending from the upper end of the holding member 275 beyond the notch of the holding plate 273. This air cylinder functions as an actuator for moving the engaging element 281 up and down.
(3) Explanation of operation This work changer 210 operates as follows. When the rotary disk 250 is rotated by the conveyance device 230 and two adjacent ones of the movable platforms 240 on which the workpiece W is placed reach the position on the holding member 275, the rotation of the rotary disk 250 temporarily stops (FIG. 22, FIG. FIG. 24). Here, the air cylinder 287 is operated, and the sliding plate 276 and the holding member 275 are raised through the connecting plate 289 by the protrusion of the plunger 287a. As a result, the engagement element 281 enters the hole 243 and lifts the movable table 240 (FIG. 26). As a result, the position of the movable table 240 is accurately determined. Next, the reciprocating device 90 ″ is activated. Thereby, the moving plate 265 moves to the workpiece transfer position side. As a result, as shown in FIG. 25, the movable table 240 and the workpiece W thereon are also moved to reach the workpiece transfer position.

Thereafter, the workpiece W is exchanged with the spindle 303 in the same manner as described in the first embodiment.
(Other forms)
In the above, an example in which the present invention is applied to a vertical lathe has been described. However, the present invention can be similarly applied to other vertical spindle moving machine tools. In addition to the above, various devices can be adopted as the transport device used in the present invention. Further, in the above description, an embodiment in which the workpiece changing device can hold two workpieces at the same time is shown, but if necessary, only one piece can be held, or three or more pieces can be held. It can also be held.

  As a positioning device for the workpiece replacement device, in addition to the above-described engagement between the engagement element and the movable table, a structure in which the engagement element is engaged with a work held on the movable table can be employed. In addition to the linear movement in the vertical direction described above, the movement of the engagement element can be a rotational movement, and positioning is performed using gravity acting on the workpiece or the movable table by the vertical movement. Can do. However, depending on the form of the workpiece, the operation of the engagement element may be an appropriate one necessary for the engagement for positioning such as the left-right direction.

It is a front view which shows the example which applied the workpiece supply apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention to the vertical lathe. It is a right view of the apparatus of FIG. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus of FIG. 1. It is a top view which shows a part of 1st Embodiment of the conveying apparatus in the workpiece | work supply apparatus shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the VV line | wire of the part shown in FIG. It is a front view of the detent device in FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the VII-VII line of the part shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows a part of conveyance apparatus and the workpiece | work replacement apparatus in the workpiece | work supply apparatus shown in FIG. It is the side view which looked at the part shown in FIG. 8 from the direction of arrow IX. It is sectional drawing which follows the XX line of the part shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is a side view showing a first stage of positioning and movement of the positioning device when the device is viewed from the same direction as in FIG. 9. FIG. 10 is a side view showing a second stage of positioning and movement of the positioning device when the device is viewed from the same direction as in FIG. 9. FIG. 10 is a side view showing a third stage of positioning and movement of the positioning device when the device is viewed from the same direction as in FIG. 9. It is explanatory drawing (first half) which shows operation | movement of an apparatus sequentially. It is explanatory drawing (latter half) which shows operation | movement of an apparatus sequentially. It is a top view which shows 2nd Embodiment of the workpiece supply apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a top view which shows a part of conveying apparatus and the workpiece | work change apparatus in the workpiece | work supply apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 18 is a longitudinal front view showing a first stage of positioning and movement of the portion shown in FIG. 17. It is a longitudinal front view which shows the 2nd step of positioning and a movement of the part shown in FIG. It is a longitudinal front view which shows the 3rd step of positioning and a movement of the part shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows the 4th step of positioning and a movement of the part shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows 3rd Embodiment of the workpiece supply apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a top view of the principal part which shows that the workpiece supply apparatus shown in FIG. 22 exists in the 1st step of positioning and a movement. It is a vertical front view of the state of FIG. It is a top view of the principal part which shows that the workpiece supply apparatus shown in FIG. 22 exists in the 2nd step of positioning and a movement. It is a vertical front view of the state of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Work replacement | exchange apparatus 30 Conveyance apparatus 31 Movable base 40 1st drive device 50 2nd drive device 60 3rd drive device 70 4th drive device 81 Moving plate 90 Reciprocating device 100 Positioning device 101 Engagement element 102 Actuator 110 Work replacement Device 130 Transport device 160 Movable table 181 Engagement element 210 Work changer 230 Transport device 240 Movable table 270 Positioning device 281 Engagement element 287 Air cylinder (actuator)
303 Spindle 313 Headstock W Work W
F1, F2, F3 Work supply device L Vertical lathe

Claims (3)

A workpiece supply device for supplying a new workpiece to a vertical spindle moving machine tool including a spindle head that can move a spindle inclined at an angle close to or perpendicular to an axis direction and a horizontal direction,
A workpiece changer that can move away from the machining position by the spindle in the horizontal direction and enter the workpiece transfer position within the range of movement of the spindle, and supplies the workpiece to the workpiece changer at a location that has left the workpiece transfer position. And a transport device for discharging,
The workpiece changer includes a movable base on which at least one workpiece can be placed, a forward position positioned below the spindle moved to the workpiece transfer position, and a retracted position for receiving workpiece supply and discharge from the transfer device. And a moving device for moving the movable table. A workpiece supplying device for a vertical spindle moving machine tool. 2. The workpiece supply device according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece replacement device includes a positioning device for allowing the workpiece to take an accurate position with respect to the spindle moved to the workpiece transfer position. . The positioning device includes: an engaging position that engages the movable base for accurate positioning; an engaging position that takes a descending position that releases the engaging position; and an actuator that moves the engaging position up and down to both positions. The engaging element is brought to the lowered position when the movable base is in the retracted position, and the engaging element is brought to the raised position when the movable base is in the advanced position. The workpiece supply apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that

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