JP2007185760A - Hypoid gear processing machine setting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hypoid gear processing machine setting device capable of appropriately setting a relative position of a workpiece and a cutter head on a processing machine when tooth surface processing is performed.
An arithmetic unit 6 sets control parameters for molding a gear 101G by a processing machine 200 based on gear design specifications, while reflecting a tooth contact adjustment dimension on the gear design specifications. A virtual gear is set, and control parameters for generating a pinion by the processing machine 200 are set based on the relative position between the virtual gear work and the cutter head and the assembly dimensions of the virtual gear and the pinion 101P. Thereby, it is possible to set a control parameter that accurately reflects the tooth contact adjustment dimension, and it is possible to process a hypoid gear with good tooth contact.
[Selection] Figure 7

Description

  The present invention relates to a hypoid gear processing machine setting device that sets control parameters for a face hob type processing machine that processes each gear of a hypoid gear.

  Conventionally, as a hypoid gear, a gradient tooth hypoid gear in which a gradient tooth is formed on each gear (gear and pinion) by face mill type tooth surface processing in which a cutter head is rotated while a workpiece is fixed, and a workpiece and a cutter head are provided. 2. Description of the Related Art A contoured hypoid gear in which contoured teeth are formed on each gear by face hob type tooth surface processing that rotates simultaneously is widely known.

In recent years, with respect to hypoid gears of face mill gradient teeth, many studies have been made on a method for setting an appropriate control parameter for a processing machine, a method for analyzing a processed tooth surface, and the like. For example, Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a tooth surface shape of a hypoid gear by measuring the tooth profile and the tooth trace direction of a gear whose tooth surface is processed with a predetermined setup (control parameter) set in a gear cutting machine (processing machine). A technique is disclosed in which a target tooth surface is obtained with a single correction by quantitatively measuring the amount of tooth and instructing the quantitative value of the gear cut-off correction amount from the result.
Hiroshi Kakimoto, Noboru Aoyama, Tomohiko Kondo, Yasuteru Okuma, Claude Gosserin, Yoshio Shiono “Development of Hypoid Gear Machining Inspection System”, Japan Society for Automotive Engineers, Academic Lecture Preprints 981 1998-5, P265-P268

  On the other hand, in the contoured hypoid gear, the most basic method for setting the relative position of each workpiece and cutter head on the processing machine when setting various control parameters of the processing machine is well established. There was no actual situation.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a hypoid gear processing machine setting device capable of appropriately setting control parameters for a processing machine when performing tooth surface processing.

  The present invention uses a face hob type processing machine that simultaneously rotates a workpiece and a cutter head to process a tooth surface on the workpiece, and the tooth surface of a first gear that is one gear of a hypoid gear is used as the first workpiece. And a hypoid gear processing machine setting device for setting control parameters for the processing machine when generating the tooth surface of the second gear, which is the other gear of the hypoid gear, on the second workpiece. The relative position of the first workpiece and the cutter head on the processing machine is set based on the design specifications of the first gear and the set dimensions of the cutter head. First parameter setting means for setting control parameters for the processing machine, and a virtual gear set by reflecting the tooth contact adjustment dimension in the design specifications of the first gear An assembly dimension calculating means for calculating an assembly dimension of the pitch cone of the virtual gear and the pitch cone of the second gear based on the specifications and the design specifications of the second gear; On the processing machine of the virtual work and the cutter head when it is assumed that the tooth surface is formed on the virtual work set for the virtual gear based on the specifications and the set dimensions of the cutter head. Based on the virtual relative position setting means for setting the relative position, the assembly dimension calculated by the assembly dimension calculation means, and the relative position set by the virtual relative position setting means. A hypoid characterized by comprising a second parameter setting means for setting a relative position of the cutter head on the processing machine and setting a control parameter for the processing machine from the relative position. Ya of the machine setting device.

  According to the hypoid gear processing machine setting device of the present invention, it is possible to appropriately set control parameters for a processing machine when performing tooth surface processing.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a hypoid gear, FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hypoid gear processing machine setting device, and FIG. 3 is an example of a computer system for realizing the hypoid gear processing machine setting device. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a processing machine, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of a cutter head, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a mounting state of a blade on the cutter head, and FIG. Is a flowchart showing a hypoid gear processing machine setting routine, FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the relative positional relationship between the gear work and the cutter head on the processing machine along the rotation axis of the gear, and FIG. 9 is a gear work on the processing machine. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing the relative positional relationship between the cutter head and the cutter head in a three-dimensional manner. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing the relative positional relationship between the pitch cones of the virtual gear and pinion and the cutter head in a three-dimensional manner. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship of FIG. 10 along each axial direction, FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a lattice cone set on the workpiece, and FIG. 13 is a coordinate system based on a cross point. FIG. 14 is a chart showing an example of a tooth contact analysis result, and FIG. 15 is a chart showing an example of a motion curve analysis result.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 100 denotes a hypoid gear in which one gear (hereinafter also referred to as a gear) 101G having a large diameter and the other gear (hereinafter also referred to as a pinion) 101P having a small diameter are engaged with each other. In the present embodiment, the tooth surfaces of the gear 101G and the pinion 101P of the hypoid gear 100 are processed using, for example, a face hob type processing machine (gear cutting device) 200 shown in FIG. The tooth surface 102G (convex tooth surface 102Ga and concave tooth surface 102Gb) of the gear 101G is molded by the processing machine 200, and the tooth surface 102P (convex tooth surface 102Pa and concave tooth surface 102Pb) of the pinion 101P is created by the processing machine 200. Has been. That is, in this embodiment, the gear 101G corresponds to the first gear, and the pinion 101P corresponds to the second gear.

As shown in FIG. 4, the processing machine 200 has a machine base 202, and the machine base 202 is provided with a tool head 204 that can move linearly on a moving path 206. Also, machine 200 includes a swingable work table 212 along an arcuate moving path 214 about the axis of the pivot axis W _P that has been set in the machine base 202, on the work table 212 A work head 208 that can move linearly on the moving path 210 is provided.

On the tool head 204 is rotatable cradle 216 is provided around the axis of the cradle axis _{W C,} the cradle 216, respectively declination, swivel angle and adjustable drums 218, 220 and 222 the tilt angle They are installed sequentially. By regulation of these drums 218, 220, 222, the cutter head 230 is rotatably about the cutter head axis _{W T,} adapted to be positioned in a suitable manner relative to the workpiece 110.

Further, the work head 208 and the slide 228 is provided, the workpiece shaft 229 for rotatably carrying a workpiece 110 about the axis of the workpiece axis W _G is provided in the slide 228. Then, by adjusting the slide amount of the slide 228 on the work head 208, the work 110 is arranged at a desired offset position with respect to the cutter head 230.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the cutter head 230 includes a cutter body 231 that is a disc-shaped cutter body. An attachment hole 232 for fixing the cutter head 230 to the processing machine 200 is provided at the center of the cutter body 231.

One end face head surfaces (Cutter head surface) of the cutter head 230 of the cutter body 231 233 is set as a point spaced a set distance from the head surface 233 on the cutter head axis W _t direction, the cutter head 230 machine It is set as a reference point (origin O _C ) when set to 200 (see FIG. 6). Here, the axial distance from the head surface 233 of cutter head 230 to the origin O _C is one in which are unique to the cutter head 230, it is desirable to be set on the basis of the design specifications of the hypoid gear 100 In this embodiment, a clearance is appropriately added to the half value of the effective tooth height h of the hypoid gear 100.

Further, a plurality of blades 240 including a concave tooth surface processing blade 240 o and a convex tooth surface processing blade 240 i are projected from the head surface 233. Here, each blade 240o, 240i is detachably inserted and fixed in a blade fixing hole (not shown) formed in the cutter body 231. At that time, each blade 240O, 240i, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the edge 241i which is formed at the tip, 241O is, a plane parallel to the reference plane (origin _{O C} as head surface 233 of cutter head 230 Reference plane) 234 is fixed at a position protruding a set amount. As described above, in this embodiment the axial distance is set to half the effective tooth height h of the hypoid gear 100 from the head surface 233 of cutter head 230 to the origin O _C, the amount of protrusion is the hypoid gear 100 The value is set to a value b (= (h / 2) + c: blade dedendum) obtained by adding the clearance c to the half value (h / 2) of the effective tooth height. In addition, a reference point for correcting the pressure angle φ (blade pressure angle) of the edges 241i and 241o by grinding is a point on the reference plane 234 (that is, a height h / 2 from the base of the edges 241i and 241o). appropriate clearance was added points: are hereinafter set) that the reference point O _R.

In such a processing machine 200, the movement of the tool head 204 on the moving path 206 defines a sliding base setting item (sliding base) that controls the depth of the cutting with respect to the workpiece 110. Also, the positioning of the slide 228 controls the vertical movement or hypoid offset (work offset) E _i . The movement of the work head 208 along the moving path 210 controls a head setting term, that is, a pitch cone setting term (machine center to cross point) mccp. Also, movement of the work table 212 in about axis W _P sets the root angle (machine root angle) γ _M. Further, the adjustment (deflection angle) of the rotation direction of the drum 218 adjusts the spiral angle of the workpiece (workpiece gear) 110. Also, by adjusting the drums 220 and 222 in the rotational direction, the position of the cutter shaft, ie, the swivel angle σ and the tilt angle τ, respectively, is set, the tooth side profile is adjusted, and the longitudinal direction is adjusted. It affects the crowning and the crowning in the meshing direction. Rotation of the cradle 216 providing rotational angle (cradle angle) α of creating gears in about the axis W _C. The axes W _T and W _G give rotation angles ω and β to the cutter head 230 and the workpiece 110, respectively. Furthermore, in the case of processing the tooth surface by creating method, the ratio rolling representing the ratio of the rotation of the cradle of the workpiece 110 (ratio of roll) m _i is set.

  When the workpiece 101G of the gear 101G as the first workpiece (hereinafter also referred to as a gear workpiece) 110G is set on the processing machine 200, the processing machine 200 is controlled by the control parameters set by the processing machine setting device 1 described later. By rotating the gear work 110G and the cutter head 230 at the specified relative positions, the tooth surface of the contour tooth (that is, the tooth surface 102G of the gear 101G) is formed on the gear work 110G. On the other hand, when the workpiece of the pinion 101P (hereinafter also referred to as pinion workpiece) 110P as the second workpiece is set in the processing machine 200, the processing machine 200 is defined by the control parameters set by the processing machine setting device 1. The pinion work 110P and the cutter head 230 are each rotated at a relative position, and the cutter head 230 is revolved, whereby the tooth surfaces of the contour teeth on the pinion work 110P (that is, the tooth surfaces 102P of the pinion 101P). To create and process.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the processing machine setting apparatus 1 includes an input unit 5 for inputting design specifications of the hypoid gear 100, setting dimensions of the cutter head 230, tooth contact adjustment dimensions, and the like, and control parameter setting for the processing machine 200. The calculation unit 6 that performs various calculations for storage, the storage unit 7 that stores various programs executed by the calculation unit 6, and appropriately stores input information from the input unit 5, and the calculation results of the calculation unit 6 Etc., and an output unit 8 that outputs the like.

  In the storage unit 7 of the processing machine setting device 1, for example, a program for setting each control parameter when processing the tooth surfaces on the workpieces 110G and 110P with the processing machine 200 according to the processing machine setting routine shown in FIG. The calculation unit 6 executes the program to realize each function as a first parameter setting unit, an assembly dimension calculation unit, a virtual relative position setting unit, and a second parameter setting unit. .

  In addition, the processing machine setting apparatus 1 of this embodiment is implement | achieved by the computer system 10 shown in FIG. 3, for example. The computer system 10 includes, for example, a computer main body 11, a keyboard 12, a display device 13, and a printer 14 that are connected via a cable 15 to constitute a main part. In the computer system 10, for example, various drive devices, a keyboard 12, and the like arranged in the computer main body 11 function as the input unit 5, and a CPU, ROM, RAM, and the like built in the computer main body 11 are arithmetic units. Function as. In addition, the display device 13, the printer 14, and the like function as the output unit 8 while functioning as a hard disk or the like built in the computer main body 11 or the storage unit 7.

  Next, control parameter setting processing executed by the calculation unit 6 will be described in accordance with a processing machine setting routine shown in FIG. When this routine starts, the calculation unit 6 first captures various specifications such as the set dimensions of the cutter head 230, the design specifications of the hypoid gear 100, and the tooth contact adjustment dimensions in step S101. Specifically, for example, the calculation unit 6 displays an input screen of various specifications through the output unit 8 such as the display device 13 and reads the specifications input through the input unit 5 such as the keyboard 12.

Here, in the present embodiment, for example, the following values are input to the processing machine setting device 1 as the set dimensions of the cutter head 230 (and the blade 240).
S _r : slot radius
S _o : slot offset
C _ht : cutter head thickness
λ _s : blade slot tilt angle
γ _s : blade side rake angle
b _fw blade flat width
b _t : blade thickness
b _w: blade width
ν: gear cutter lead angle N _S: number of blades Group

Further, for example, the following values are input to the processing machine setting device 1 as design specifications of the hypoid gear 100.
a _G: Giyaadendamu h: effective tooth height c: Clearance A _{P, A G:} pitch cone generatrix length (pinion gear)
Γ _P , Γ _G : pitch cone angle (pinion, gear)
ψ _P , ψ _G : twist angle (pinion, gear)
Z _P , Z _G : Assembly distance of pinion and gear N _P , N _G : Number of teeth (pinion, gear)
_RP , _RG : Design pitch circle radius (pinion, gear)

Furthermore, for example, the following values are input to the processing machine setting device 1 as the tooth contact adjustment dimensions.
ΔΓ _G : Difference in pitch cone angle between gear and virtual gear Δψ _G : Difference in twist angle between gear and virtual gear c _lf : Ratio of tooth contact width to gear tooth width

  In subsequent step S102, the calculation unit 6 determines the relative position of the gear work 110G and the cutter head 230 on the processing machine 200 based on the design specifications of the gear 101G and the design dimensions of the cutter head 230, and the pitch point of the gear 101G. P (pitch cone) is set as a reference, and control parameters for the processing machine 200 at the time of gear tooth surface molding are set based on the relative position information.

For example, in the case of the present embodiment in which the cutter head 230 in which the protrusion amount of the edges 241o and 241i from the reference plane 234 is set to b (= (h / 2) + c) is set in the processing machine 200, the calculation unit 6 Sets the relative position of the gear work 110G and the cutter head 230 on the processing machine 200 to the relationship shown in FIGS. In the following description, each vector is denoted as [] _V. Here, in FIG. 8, 9, _{O M} is the origin of the cradle axis _{W C} that is set to processing machine 200. Also, the vector _{[e M] V} is the direction unit vector of the cradle axis _{W C.} Also, _{O B} is the origin of the workpiece axis (blank axis) _{W G.} Also, the vector _{[e B] V} is the direction unit vector of the workpiece axis _{W G.} Also, _{O C} is the origin of the cutter head axis W _T. The vector [e _C ] _V is a direction unit vector of the cutter head axis W _T.

  More specifically, first, the calculation unit 6 forms a cone having a shape similar to the pitch cone of the gear 101G and passing through the cone passing through the point where the conical surface has moved to the tooth tip side from the tooth bottom by a distance b. A reference cone is set on the gear work 110G.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the operation unit 6, is orthogonal axis of rotation of the cutter head 230 (cutter head axis) tangent plane R of the first reference cones, and the origin O _C of the cutter head 230 The relative position of the cutter head 230 with respect to the gear work 110G is set at a position where the position of the cutter head 230 exists on the tangential plane R.

At that time, calculating unit 6, on the tangent plane R, the distance H of the generatrix direction from the apex of the first workpiece reference cones to the origin O _C of the cutter head axis, and a distance V in the direction perpendicular to the generating line The calculation is performed by the following equations (1) to (3).
H = (R _G / sin Γ _G ) − ((0.5 · h−A _G ) / tan Γ _G ) −r _C sin λ (1)
V = r _C · sinλ (2)
λ = ν−ψ _G +90 (3)
Note that S and α in FIG.
S = (H ² + V ² ) ^1/2 (4)
α = arctan (H, V) (5)
Is required.

Furthermore, calculating unit 6, the position of Giyawaku 110G and cutter head 230 on the machine 200, the apex of the first work reference cone coincides with the origin O _M of the cradle axis and the cutter head axis W _T ( In other words, the vector [e _C ] _V ) and the cradle axis W _C (that is, the vector [e _M ] _V ) are set at positions where they are arranged in parallel.

Then, based on the relative position between the gear work 110G and the cutter head 230 on the processing machine 200 set in this way, the calculation unit 6 sets the following values as control parameters for the processing machine 200, for example.
S: radial distance
Χ: sliding base
E _i : work offset
γ _M : machine root angle
mccp: machine center to cross point
m _i: ratio of roll
α: cradle angle
σ: swivel angle
τ: tilt angle
In the hypoid gear 100 of the present embodiment, the tooth contact adjustment is performed on the pinion 101P side and not on the gear side. Thus, the swivel angle σ and the tilt angle τ is set to "0", the cutter head axis W _T primarily affect the crowning of the tooth trace direction is maintained parallel to the cradle axis W _C.

  When the process proceeds from step S102 to step S103, the calculation unit 6 sets a virtual gear (virtual gear) by reflecting the tooth contact adjustment dimension to the design specifications of the gear 101G, and the pitch cone 111iG of this virtual gear and The assembly dimension of the pinion 101P with the pitch cone 111P is set.

More specifically, the calculation unit 6 first calculates the pitch cone bus length A _{iG of} the virtual gear, the pitch cone angle Γ _iG of the virtual gear, and the twist angle of the virtual gear as three elements of the pitch cone of the virtual gear. Set ψ _iG .
In this case, the calculation unit 6 sets the pitch cone bus length A _G of the gear 101G as it is as the pitch cone bus length A _iG of the virtual gear.
A _iG = A _G (6)
In addition, the calculation unit 6 sets the pitch cone angle Γ _iG of the virtual gear by adding the tooth contact adjustment dimension ΔΓ _G to the pitch cone angle Γ _G of the gear 101G.
Γ _iG = Γ _G + ΔΓ _G (7)
Further, the calculation unit 6 sets the virtual gear torsion angle ψ _iG by adding the tooth contact adjustment dimension Δψ _G to the torsion angle ψ _G of the gear 101G.
ψ _iG = ψ _G + Δψ _G (8)
Here, the pitch cone angle Γ _G is corrected by ΔΓ _G , so that the crowning in the tooth height direction of the virtual gear is mainly adjusted. Further, the helix angle [psi _G is by being corrected by the [Delta] [phi] _G, it is mainly adjusted inclination of the virtual gear POC (Path of Contact) is. Note that the number of teeth of the virtual gear adjusted by the tooth contact adjustment dimension is not necessarily an integer.

Then, the calculation unit 6 uses the assembly angle of the virtual gear and the pinion 101P as the intersection angle Σ _{i of} the pinion and the virtual gear, the offset E _{i of} the pinion and the virtual gear, the gear ratio m _{i of} the pinion and the virtual gear, the pinion and the virtual gear The gear assembly distances Z _iG and Z _iP and the virtual gear offset angle ε _i are calculated using the following equations (9) to (14).
cos Σ _i = −sin Γ _P · sin Γ _iG + cos Γ _P · cos Γ _iG · cos (ψ _P + ψ _iG ) (9)
E _i = (R _P / cos Γ _P + R _iG / cos Γ _iG ) · cos Γ _P · cos Γ _iG
Sin (ψ _P + ψ _iG ) / sin Σ _i (10)
sin η _i = (cos Γ _iG / sin Σ _i ) · sin (ψ _P + ψ _iG ) (11)
sin ε _i = (cos Γ _P / sin Σ _i ) · sin (ψ _P + ψ _iG ) (12)
Z _iP = ((E _i / tan ε _i ) / sin Σ _i ) −R _P · tan Γ _P (13)
Z _iG = ((E _i / tan η _i ) / sin Σ _i ) −R _iG · tan Γ _iG (14)
As a result, as shown in FIG. 10, the relative positions of the pitch cone 111iG of the virtual gear and the pitch cone 111P of the pinion 101P in the three-dimensional space are determined. In addition, T in FIG. 10 shows the common tangent plane of both pitch cones 111iG and 111P.

When the process proceeds from step S103 to step S104, the calculation unit 6 sets a relative position between the virtual gear work and the cutter head 230 on the processing machine 200 by a process substantially similar to step S102 described above.
That is, the calculation unit 6 has a shape similar to the pitch cone 111iG of the virtual gear, and a cone passing through the point where the conical surface is moved from the tooth bottom to the tooth tip side by the distance b on the virtual gear work as a virtual work reference cone. Set.

Then, calculating unit 6, it is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the cutter head 230 to the tangent plane R of the virtual workpiece reference cones, and, in a position to present the origin O _C of the cutter head 230 on the tangent plane R, the cutter for the virtual Giyawaku The relative position of the head 230 is set.

At that time, calculating unit 6, on the tangent plane R, the distance H _i from the apex of the virtual workpiece reference cones to the origin O _C of the cutter head axis, and a distance V _i in the direction perpendicular to the bus, the following equation (1) It calculates by '-(3)'.
H _i = (R _iG / sinΓ _iG ) − ((0.5 · h−A _G ) / tan Γ _iG ) −r _C sinλ _i (1) ′
V _i = r _C · sin λ _i (2) ′
λ _i = ν−ψ _iG +90 (3) ′

Then, when the process proceeds to step S105, the calculation unit 6 performs processing on the processing machine 200 of the pinion work 110P and the cutter head 230 based on the assembly dimensions calculated in step S103 and the relative position set in step S104. For example, the following values are set as control parameters for the processing machine 200 at the time of generating the pinion tooth surface based on the relative position information.
S: radial distance
Χ: sliding base
E _i : work offset
γ _M : machine root angle
mccp: machine center to cross point
m _i: ratio of roll
α: cradle angle
σ: swivel angle
τ: tilt angle
Here, in the present embodiment, in step S110 described later, in addition to ΔΓ _G , Δψ _G , c _{lf and the} like, values such as a crowning correction amount in the tooth trace direction can be appropriately input as a tooth contact adjustment dimension. Yes. When crowning correction amount of the tooth trace direction is inputted, the arithmetic unit 6, in order to tilt the cutter head axis W _T with respect to the cradle axis W _C, it changes the swivel angle σ and the tilt angle tau. Further, the calculation unit 6 finely adjusts other control parameters as the swivel angle σ and the tilt angle τ are changed.

The control parameters for the processing machine 200 at the time of generating the pinion tooth surface set in step S105 in this way are shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 (a) to (c). In the figure, the control parameter indicated by the subscript “ _m ” is the value when the cutter head 230 is positioned at the reference point of revolution (actually swinging).

  Then, when proceeding from step S105 to step S106, the calculation unit 6 calculates the three-dimensional tooth surface shape of the gear 101G to be molded based on the control parameter set in step S102 described above, and sets it in step S105 described above. The three-dimensional tooth surface shape of the pinion 101P created based on the control parameters is calculated.

  These three-dimensional tooth surface shapes of the gear 101G or the pinion 101P are calculated based on the relative relationship between the cutter head 230 and the workpiece 110 (the gear workpiece 110G or the pinion workpiece 110P) in the coordinate system on the processing machine 200. And the trajectories of the blade edges 241o and 241i are obtained.

Therefore, in the calculation of the three-dimensional tooth surface shape, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, as a coordinate system which rotates together with the cutter head 230, an orthogonal coordinate system O _C relative to the origin O _C of the cutter head 230 xyz is defined, in this O _C xyz coordinate system, and an arbitrary point X coordinates on the blade edge 241, a direction vector [t] _V of the blade edges in this regard X is, as a three-dimensional positional information of the edge point X Calculated.

Hereinafter, a concave tooth surface processing blade 240o (see FIG. 6) in which the pressure angle φ of the blade edge is set to a fixed value (that is, the blade edge is formed in a straight line) will be described as an example. Here, in the present embodiment, the blade 240o is, for example, a blade attached to a slot of a counterclockwise cutter head. As illustrated, the slot is inclined by λ _{s with} respect to the direction perpendicular to the head surface, and the head surface 233 is. is located away s _r and s _o from the head center above. Further, the rake front face of the blade 240o is inclined by γ _{s in} a rectangular cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

As described above, the blade edge 241o has a complicated arrangement in the three-dimensional space. Therefore, in the present embodiment, attention is paid to the fact that the blade edge 241o exists on the rake face (that is, the rake face which is one of the two faces on the blade 240o forming the blade edge 241o is a plane). In particular, each point X on the edge 241o is obtained using a plane equation of the rake face. In this case, the rake face can be expressed by a plane equation shown in Expression (15).
n _Rx x + n _Ry y + n _Rz z + n _R0 = 0 (15)
Here, in the equation (15), n _Rx , n _Ry , and n _Rz are each component of the unit vector [n _R ] _V perpendicular to the rake face, and the following equations (16) to (18) Is required.
n _Rx = sin γ _s (16)
n _Ry = −cos γ _s · cos λ _s (17)
n _Rz = −cos γ _s · sin λ _s (18)
In the case of the convex tooth surface machining blade 240i, n _Rx is calculated by the following equation (16) ′.
n _Rx = −sin γ _s (16) ′

Further, in the equation (15), n _R0 is the distance from the origin O _C to rake face (length of a perpendicular) can be obtained if Sadamare the coordinates of any point on the rake face. As the point on the rake face, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the coordinates O _S of the point O _S set at the position of b _fW that is the intersection of the cutter head surface 233 and the blade 240o and where the rake face starts. _Sx , O _Sy and O _Sz are obtained from the following equations (19) to (21). Therefore, using these, n _R0 is calculated from the following equation (22).
_{O Sx = S r -b fw ...} (19)
O _Sy = (b _t / cos λ _s ) −s ₀ (20)
O _Sz = c _rh −c _ht (21)
n _R0 = −n _Rx · O _Sx −n _Ry · O _Sy −n _Rz · O _Sz (22)
In the case of protruding teeth face machining blade _{240i, O Sx} is calculated by the following equation (19) '.
_{O Sx = S r -b w +} b fw ... (19) '

Furthermore, the coordinate _{O Rx, O Ry, O Rz} of the reference point _{O R} on a blade edge 241o, can be calculated using equation (23) to (25) below.
O _Rx = (− n _Rx · n _R0 + (n _Ry ² · ((n _Rx ² + n _Ry ² ) · r _r ² −n _R0 ² )) ^1/2 )
/ (N _Rx ² + n _Ry ² ) (23)
O _Ry = (− n _R0 −n _Rx · O _Rx ) / n _Ry (24)
O _Rz = 0 (25)

  By using these, the coordinate component of an arbitrary point X on the blade edge 241o and the vector component in the direction of the blade edge 241o at the point X can be calculated as follows.

That is, the blade x-coordinate _{X x} and y coordinates _{X y} when the arbitrary point X of z-coordinate _{(X z)} is given on the edge 241o, based on the point _{O S} on the rake face, the following formula ( 26) and (27).
X _x = tanφ · X _z + O _Rx (26)
_{X y = - (n Rx ·} X x + n Rz · X z + n R0) / n Ry ... (27)
In the case of the convex tooth surface machining blade 240i, X _x is calculated by the following equation (26) ′.
X _x = −tan φ · X _z + O _Rx (26) ′

Further, the blade edge 241o direction vector component _t x at point _X, t y, _{t z} is calculated using the following equation (28) - (30).
t _x = sinφ (28)
t _y = − (n _Rx · t _x + n _Rz · t _z ) / n _Ry (29)
t _z = cosφ (30)
In the case of protruding teeth face machining blade 240i, _{t z} is calculated by the following equation (30) '.
t _z = −cos φ (30) ′
Here, when using a blade in which the blade edge 241o is a curve, φ in the equations (26) to (30) ′ is a function of the z coordinate X _z (that is, φ (X _z )).

Furthermore, in the calculation of the three-dimensional tooth surface shape, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, as a coordinate system which rotates together with the workpiece 110, the orthogonal coordinate system O _B xyz relative to the cross point O _B is defined . Then, by calculating the relative positions of the O _C xyz coordinate system and the O _B xyz coordinate system based on the control parameters of the processing machine 200, each point X on the blade edge 241o calculated in the O _C xyz coordinate system is calculated. , O _B xyz coordinate system can be converted.

At that time, the behavior of the two coordinate systems described above has a relationship represented by the following equation (31).
β = ω · (N _S / N _W ) −m _i · (α−α _m ) (31)
When calculating the three-dimensional tooth surface shape of the gear, _NG is substituted for N _W in equation (31). Further, when calculating the three-dimensional tooth surface shape of the gear, α in the equation (31) is a fixed value (= α _m ). On the other hand, when calculating the three-dimensional tooth surface shape of the pinion, N _P is substituted into N _W in the formula (31).

Therefore, when the gear tooth surface is formed, the locus of the point X on the blade edge 241o in the O _B xyz coordinate system can be defined by the variable ω. On the other hand, when the tooth surface of the pinion is created, the locus of the point X on the blade edge 241o in the O _C xyz coordinate system can be defined by variables ω and α. In the following description, in order to distinguish from the X coordinate components (X _x , X _y , X _z ) in the O _C xyz coordinate system, the X coordinate components in the O _B xyz coordinate system are ( _B X _x , _B X _y, represented by _B X _z).

Further, in the calculation of the three-dimensional tooth surface shape, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, the O _B xyz coordinate system, the conical surfaces of the plurality perpendicular to the tooth base of the gear (j-number) (hereinafter, the grid cone 112 is referred to as a surface) in association with the work 110 and is set at predetermined intervals along the tooth trace direction. Then, by sequentially searching for the coordinates X (ω) (or X (ω, α)) of the points where the point X on the blade edge 241o crosses the grid conical surface 112, each point X on the blade edge 241o A three-dimensional coordinate of a point (grid point) for processing the tooth surface on the grid conical surface 112 is obtained.

Using the relationship as described above, the calculation unit 6 calculates the three-dimensional tooth surface shapes of the gear 101G and the pinion 101P that are processed with the current control parameters (the grid cone does not necessarily have to stick to the tooth bottom perpendicularly). ). By the way, when the locus of the point X on the blade edge 241o deviates from the workpiece 110, the point X has no meaning in the tooth surface processing. Therefore, calculation unit 6 first obtains the coordinates _{X F} of the blade edges 241o crosses the intersection F between the face and the grid conical surface 112 of the workpiece 110, respectively. The calculation unit 6 obtains the X point on the blade edge 241o to split the distal end side in the set division number of the point X _F, in the three-dimensional space, the point crossing the grid conical surface 112 of each point X corresponds Coordinates X (ω) (or X (ω, α)).

Specifically, in the present embodiment, calculation unit 6, to the calculation made easy, firstly, the following equation (32), using (33), O _B xyz coordinate system 2D cylinder This is expressed in the coordinate system O _B rx (see FIG. 13).
_{B Xr} = ( _B X _y ² + _B X _z ² ) ^1/2 (32)
X _2D = ( _B X _r , _B X _x ) (33)
As shown in FIG. 13, in the two-dimensional cylindrical coordinate system O _B rx, each grid conical surface 112 is represented as a grid line.

In such a coordinate system, the calculation unit 6 obtains ω, X _z satisfying the following equation (34) using Newton's method, or ω, X _z , α satisfying equation (34) ′. Then, from _{X z} found, determine the coordinates _{X F} of the blade edge 241o crosses the intersection F between the face and the grid conical surface 112 of the workpiece 110.

Here, in the equations (34) and (34) ′, the vector [e _a ] _V is _a unit vector that determines the grid line direction, and is set in the generatrix direction of each grid conical surface 112.

Further, in the equation (34) ′, the vector [v _C ] _V is the cutting edge moving velocity vector by ω as viewed from the workpiece 110, the vector [n] _V is the tooth surface vertical direction vector, and the vector [v _M ] _V is from the workpiece. It is the cutting blade moving speed vector by the seen α, and is calculated using the following equations (35) to (37).
_{[V C] V} = _{[e c] V} × _{[O c} X] _V - _(N s / _{N) [e B] V} × _{[O B} X] _V ... (35)
[N] _V = ([t] _V × _{[v C] V)} / | [t] _V × _{[v C] V} | ... (36)
_{[V M] V} = _{([e M] V} × _{[O M} X] _V) + _{m M} · _{([e B] V} × _{[O B} X] _V ... (37)
That is, when the pinion is generating process, in order to change the α while working, the calculation of the coordinates X _F is applied the orthogonality condition between the vector [n] _V and the vector [v _{M] V.}

The calculation unit 6 sets the point X at a position on the blade edges 241o to split the distal end side in the set division number of the point X _F. Further, the calculation unit 6 obtains ω satisfying the following equation (38) using Newton's method or ω and α satisfying equation (38) ′ for each point X in the three-dimensional space. The coordinates X (ω) or X (ω, α) of the point where each point X crosses the corresponding grid conical surface 112 is obtained.

  By repeating such calculation for each grid line (grid conical surface 112) set on the workpiece 110, a three-dimensional tooth surface shape over the entire concave tooth surface processed by the concave tooth surface processing blade 240o is obtained. Calculated. Needless to say, the three-dimensional tooth surface shape of the convex tooth surface processed by the convex tooth surface processing blade 240i is also obtained by the same calculation as described above.

  In step S107, the calculation unit 6 evaluates the hypoid gear based on the three-dimensional tooth surface shape of the gear and pinion obtained in step S106. In the present embodiment, the calculation unit 6 performs, for example, a tooth contact analysis or a motion curve analysis as the evaluation of the hypoid gear.

  In step S108, the calculation unit 6 displays the control parameters at the time of gear tooth surface formation and the control parameters at the time of pinion tooth surface generation through the output unit 8 such as the display device 13, and further, the evaluation result of the hypoid gear. Is displayed. Here, when the tooth contact analysis result is displayed as the evaluation result of the hypoid gear, for example, it is displayed in the form shown in FIG. When the analysis result of the motion curve is displayed, for example, it is displayed in the form shown in FIG.

  Then, in step S109, the calculation unit 6 checks whether a change request for the tooth contact adjustment dimension or the like is made from the user.

  If it is determined in step S109 that a change request from the user has been made, the calculation unit 6 proceeds to step S110 and, for example, an input screen for a tooth contact adjustment dimension through the output unit 8 such as the display device 13 or the like. Is displayed, and the tooth contact adjustment dimension input through the input unit 5 such as the keyboard 12 is read, and the process returns to step S102.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S109 that a change request from the user has not been made, the arithmetic unit 6 proceeds to step S111 and checks whether or not the user has instructed the end of the processing machine setting process.

  If it is determined in step S111 that the user has not given an end instruction, the calculation unit 6 returns to step S109.

  On the other hand, when it is determined in step S111 that the user has instructed termination, the calculation unit 6 directly exits the routine.

  According to such an embodiment, the control parameters for forming the gear 101G with the processing machine 200 are set based on the gear design specifications, while the gear contact specifications are reflected in the gear design specifications. By setting a virtual gear and setting control parameters for generating a pinion by the processing machine 200 based on the relative position between the virtual gear work and the cutter head and the assembly dimensions of the virtual gear and the pinion 101P, A control parameter that accurately reflects the contact adjustment dimension can be set, and a hypoid gear with good contact can be machined.

  When setting the relative position of the gear work and the cutter head on the processing machine and setting the relative position of the virtual gear work and the cutter head on the processing machine, the blade edge from the reference plane of the cutter head A workpiece reference cone that has a similar shape to the pitch cone according to the amount of protrusion of the workpiece is set, the cutter head rotation axis is orthogonal to the tangent plane of the workpiece reference cone, and the cutter head origin is on the workpiece tangent plane By setting the relative position of the cutter head with respect to the workpiece at the existing position, the control parameter for the processing machine can be set on the basis of the pitch point, and good tooth surface processing can be realized.

  In addition to calculating the three-dimensional position information of the point on the blade edge, for example, a grid conical surface perpendicular to the tooth bottom of the gear is set on the space in association with the work, and the cutter head and work are determined based on the control parameters. By searching the coordinates of the point where the point on the edge crosses the grid conical surface as the coordinate of the point on the tooth surface of the gear as the relative movement of the gear and the pinion of the gear and pinion The three-dimensional tooth surface shape can be easily calculated. If the hypoid gear is evaluated based on the three-dimensional tooth surface shape calculated in this way, the setting of each control parameter can be realized efficiently. At that time, the three-dimensional position information of the point on the blade edge can be easily calculated by calculating the plane equation of the rake face on the blade.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example of calculating control parameters for a processing machine using a cutter head in which the protrusion amount of the blade edge from the reference plane is set to a value obtained by adding a clearance to the half value of the effective tooth height h. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a cutter head in which the protrusion amount of the blade edge is arbitrarily set by appropriately changing the workpiece reference cone according to the protrusion amount of the blade edge is used. Of course, the present invention can also be applied to a conventional processing machine.

  In the above-described embodiment, the virtual gear is set by reflecting the tooth contact adjustment dimension in the design specifications of the gear, and the relative position between the virtual gear work and the cutter head and the assembly dimension of the virtual gear and the pinion are set. Although an example of setting the relative position of the pinion work and the cutter head on the processing machine has been described based on this, the present invention is not limited to this, and the tooth contact adjustment dimension is reflected in the design specifications of the pinion. The virtual pinion may be set, and the relative position between the virtual pinion work and the cutter head, and the relative position of the gear work and the cutter head on the processing machine may be set based on the assembly dimensions of the virtual pinion and the gear. . That is, the tooth contact adjustment dimension may be reflected in the gear control parameter instead of the pinion control parameter.

Perspective view of hypoid gear Schematic configuration diagram of hypoid gear processing machine setting device Schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a computer system for realizing a hypoid gear processing machine setting device Schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a processing machine A perspective view showing an example of a cutter head Explanatory drawing showing the mounting state of the blade on the cutter head Flow chart showing hypoid gear processing machine setting routine Explanatory drawing showing the relative positional relationship between the gear work and the cutter head on the processing machine along the rotation axis of the gear Explanatory drawing showing the relative positional relationship between the gear work and the cutter head on the processing machine in a three-dimensional manner Explanatory drawing which shows three-dimensionally the relative positional relationship of each pitch cone of a virtual gear and a pinion, and a cutter head. Explanatory drawing which shows the relationship of FIG. 10 along each axial direction Explanatory drawing showing the lattice cone set on the workpiece Explanatory drawing showing the relationship between the workpiece and the cutter head in the coordinate system based on the cross point Chart showing an example of tooth contact analysis results Chart showing an example of motion curve analysis results

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Processing machine setting apparatus 5 ... Input part 6 ... Calculation part (1st parameter setting means, assembly dimension calculation means, virtual relative position setting means, 2nd parameter setting means)
7 ... Storage unit 8 ... Output unit 100 ... Hypoid gear 101G ... Gear (first gear)
101P ... Pinion (second gear)
102G ... tooth surface 102Ga ... convex tooth surface 102Gb ... concave tooth surface 102P ... tooth surface 102Pa ... convex tooth surface 102Pb ... concave tooth surface 110 ... work 110G ... gear work (first work)
110P ... Pinion work (second work)
111P ... Pitch cone 111iG ... Pitch cone 112 ... Grid conical surface 200 ... Processing machine 230 ... Cutter head 231 ... Cutter body 233 ... Cutter head surface 234 ... Reference plane 240 ... Blade 240i ... Convex tooth processing blade 240o ... Concave tooth surface Cutting blade 241 ... Blade edge 241i ... Convex tooth surface processing blade edge 241o ... Concave tooth surface processing blade edge P ... Pitch point R ... Tangent plane

Claims (7)

The tooth surface of the first gear, which is one of the hypoid gears, is molded into the first workpiece by using a face hob type processing machine that simultaneously rotates the workpiece and the cutter head to process the tooth surface of the workpiece. A hypoid gear processing machine setting device that sets each control parameter for the processing machine when generating the tooth surface of the second gear, which is the other gear of the hypoid gear, into a second workpiece,
Based on the design specifications of the first gear and the set dimensions of the cutter head, a relative position of the first workpiece and the cutter head on the processing machine is set, and the processing is performed from the relative position. First parameter setting means for setting control parameters for the machine;
Based on the specifications of the virtual gear set by reflecting the tooth contact adjustment dimension in the design specifications of the first gear and the design specifications of the second gear, the pitch cone of the virtual gear Assembly dimension calculating means for calculating an assembly dimension with the pitch cone of the second gear;
Based on the specifications of the virtual gear and the set dimensions of the cutter head, the virtual work and the cutter head are assumed to form a tooth surface on the virtual work set for the virtual gear. Virtual relative position setting means for setting a relative position on the processing machine;
Based on the assembly dimension calculated by the assembly dimension calculation means and the relative position set by the virtual relative position setting means, the relative position of the second workpiece and the cutter head on the processing machine is determined. A hypoid gear processing machine setting device comprising: a second parameter setting means for setting and setting a control parameter for the processing machine from the relative position. When setting the cutter head with the blade fixed at a position to project the edge by a set projection amount from a reference plane passing through the origin of the cutter head,
The first parameter setting means has a cone having a shape similar to the pitch cone of the first gear and passing through a point where the conical surface moves from the tooth bottom of the first gear to the tooth tip side by the amount of protrusion. The first workpiece reference cone is set as the first workpiece, the rotation axis of the cutter head is orthogonal to the tangent plane of the first workpiece reference cone, and the origin of the cutter head is set as the first workpiece reference cone. Setting the relative position of the cutter head to the first workpiece at a position on the tangential plane of the cone;
The virtual relative position setting means has a shape similar to the pitch cone of the virtual gear, and a cone passing through a point where the conical surface moves from the tooth bottom of the virtual gear to the tooth tip side by the amount of protrusion is defined as a virtual work reference cone. The virtual workpiece is set at a position where the rotation axis of the cutter head is orthogonal to the tangent plane of the virtual workpiece reference cone and the origin of the cutter head is on the tangent plane of the virtual workpiece reference cone. 2. The hypoid gear processing machine setting device according to claim 1, wherein a relative position of the cutter head with respect to the center is set. When setting the cutter head in which the protrusion amount of the edge of the blade with respect to the reference plane of the cutter head is set to a value obtained by adding a clearance to the half value of the effective tooth height, in the processing machine,
The first parameter setting means is a generatrix direction from the apex of the first workpiece reference cone to the origin of the cutter head axis on the tangent plane of the first workpiece reference cone set for the first workpiece. And a distance V in a direction perpendicular to the generatrix,
H = (R _G / sin Γ _G ) − ((α · h−A _G ) / tan Γ _G ) −r _C sin λ (1)
V = r _C · sinλ (2)
λ = ν−ψ _G +90 (3)
Where R _G , Γ _G , a _G , ψ _G , and h are design parameters of the first gear, R _G : design pitch circle radius of the first gear, Γ _G : of the first gear Pitch cone angle, a _G : addendum of the first gear, ψ _G : twist angle of the first gear, h: effective tooth height, α: coefficient,
R _C is a specification set for the cutter head, r _C : gear cutter radius, ν: gear cutter lead angle, ν is a value determined from the setting of the cutter head and the design specifications of the gear,
To satisfy the relationship
The virtual relative position setting means includes a distance H _{i in} a generatrix direction from a vertex of the virtual workpiece reference cone to an origin of the cutter head axis on a tangent plane of the virtual workpiece reference cone set for the virtual workpiece, The distance V _{i in the} direction perpendicular to the bus is
H _i = (R _iG / sin Γ _iG ) − ((β · h−A _G ) / tan Γ _iG ) −r _C sin λ _i (1) ′
V _i = r _C · sin λ _i (2) ′
λ _i = ν _i −ψ _iG +90 (3) ′
Here, R _iG , Γ _iG , a _G , ψ _iG , and h are design parameters of the virtual gear, R _iG : Design pitch circle radius of the virtual gear, Γ _iG : Pitch cone angle of the virtual gear, a _G : Addendum of virtual gear, ψ _iG : Torsion angle of virtual gear, h: Effective tooth height, β: Coefficient, and r _C are parameters set in the cutter head, r _C : Gear cutter radius, ν: Gear cutter The lead angle, ν _i is a value determined from the settings of the cutter head and the design specifications of the virtual gear,
The hypoid gear processing machine setting device according to claim 2, wherein the setting is made so as to satisfy the relationship. The hypoid gear machining according to claim 3, wherein the coefficients α and β are set to 0.5 respectively when the reference plane for determining the specifications of the blade is the center of the tooth height. Machine setting device. Using a face hob type processing machine that simultaneously rotates the workpiece and the cutter head to process the tooth surface on the workpiece, set the control parameters for the processing machine when processing the tooth surface on the workpiece of the gear constituting the hypoid gear A hypoid gear processing machine setting device,
Based on the design specifications of the gear and the set dimensions of the cutter head, the relative position of the workpiece and the cutter head on the processing machine is set, and control parameters for the processing machine are set from the relative position. Parameter setting means to
When setting the cutter head with the blade fixed at a position to project the edge by a set projection amount from a reference plane passing through the origin of the cutter head,
The parameter setting means sets a cone having a shape similar to the pitch cone of the gear and passing through a point where the conical surface moves from the tooth bottom of the gear to the tooth tip side by the amount of protrusion as the workpiece reference cone. The relative position of the cutter head with respect to the workpiece is set at a position where the rotation axis of the cutter head is orthogonal to the tangent plane of the workpiece reference cone and the origin of the cutter head is present on the tangent plane of the workpiece reference cone. A machine setting device for a hypoid gear. Using a face hob type processing machine that simultaneously rotates the workpiece and the cutter head to process the tooth surface on the workpiece, set the control parameters for the processing machine when processing the tooth surface on the workpiece of the gear constituting the hypoid gear A hypoid gear processing machine setting device,
Based on the design specifications of the gear and the set dimensions of the cutter head, the relative position of the workpiece and the cutter head on the processing machine is set, and control parameters for the processing machine are set from the relative position. Parameter setting means to
The three-dimensional position information of the point on the blade edge protruding from the cutter head is calculated, and the grid conical surface perpendicular to the tooth bottom of the gear is set on the space in association with the workpiece, and the control parameter is set as the control parameter. Tooth surface shape calculating means for searching for the coordinates of the point where the point on the edge crosses the grid conical surface when the cutter head and the workpiece are moved relative to each other as the coordinates of the point on the tooth surface of the gear And a hypoid gear processing machine setting device. The tooth surface shape calculating means calculates a plane equation of a rake face formed on the blade, and calculates three-dimensional position information of a point on the edge based on the plane equation. 62. A hypoid gear processing machine setting device according to 62.

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