JP2007178034A - Falling liquid film regenerator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an absorption refrigerator and an absorption cold and hot water machine capable of supplying heat source fluid having no phase change to each heat transfer pipe in a barrel body and utilizing exhaust heat to achieve high efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: This flowing-down liquid film type regenerating device is constituted by providing a plurality of heat transfer pipes 1 between an upper partitioning plate 7 and a lower partitioning plate 8 in the barrel body 18, supplying absorption liquid 2a into the heat transfer pipes 1 through a liquid spraying device 30 and a flowing-down liquid distributor 4 to let it flow down like a film, and introducing heat source fluid 11a into a heating chamber 6 in which each heat transfer pipe 1 in the barrel body 18 is positioned to heat and regenerate the absorption liquid 2a. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a falling liquid film regenerator, and more particularly to a novel improvement for obtaining a highly efficient absorption refrigerator and absorption chiller / heater using exhaust heat.

Some conventional absorption chillers or absorption chiller / heaters regenerate the absorption liquid in the regenerator using exhaust heat or high-temperature water from gas turbines, gas engines and other fuel utilization devices. . In most cases, the pool heating method is adopted for regeneration of the absorbing liquid in the regenerator section of the absorption refrigerator using gaseous exhaust heat and high-temperature water without such phase change.
FIG. 16 shows a conventional regenerator pool heating system. As shown in the figure, the pool heating method is characterized in that the regenerator heat transfer tube 1 is immersed in the absorbing liquid pool 2 in the regenerator body 18 and exhaust heat or high-temperature water is passed through the heat transfer tube 1. Then, the absorbent 2a in the extra-tubular absorbent pool 2 is heated and regenerated.

Since the absorption liquid regenerator in the conventional absorption refrigerator or absorption chiller / heater is configured as described above, the following problems exist.
That is, the absorption chiller or the absorption chiller / heater is an assembly of heat exchangers, and the heat exchange system of the regenerator part greatly affects the heat energy utilization efficiency.
The pool heating type exhaust heat regenerator has the following drawbacks.
1. Since the specific gravity of the lithium bromide solution of the general absorbent solution is relatively high and the viscosity is high, the larger the liquid level difference, the greater the temperature difference required for heating the absorbent solution.
2. Pool heat exhaust heat in pipes and local heat transfer coefficient on the high-temperature liquid side are relatively small, and if the temperature difference between inside and outside the heat transfer pipe for the pool heating station cannot be secured sufficiently, the absorption liquid side local heat transfer coefficient As a result, the required heat transfer area is large.
3. When the temperature difference for pool heating stations described in 2 above is large, exhaust heat or high-temperature water cannot be used to lower temperature and lower quality. That is, the energy conversion efficiency of the heat energy standard possessed by the exhaust heat is low.
Such a pool heating type regenerator is also used in an absorption chiller / heater using exhaust heat.

  The falling liquid film type regenerator according to the present invention distributes a rare absorbing liquid or a regenerating required absorbing liquid on the inner wall surfaces of a plurality of heat transfer tubes to flow down into the flowing absorption liquid film, and phase-falls the outer flow path of the heat transfer tubes. In each of the falling liquid film type regenerators, a heat source fluid that does not change is supplied and heated through the heat transfer tubes to evaporate the refrigerant in the falling absorption liquid film and to regenerate the absorption liquid. The upper partition plate and the lower partition plate that are spaced apart from each other at the upper and lower portions, and the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate, and are formed in order from the upper portion of the fuselage. Absorption liquid distribution chamber, heating chamber and gas-liquid separation chamber, a sprayer provided in the absorption liquid distribution chamber and having an absorption liquid introduction part for introducing the absorption liquid, and an absorption formed on the upper partition plate Absorbing liquid in the liquid pool is evenly distributed on the inner wall of each heat transfer tube A falling liquid distributor for distributing at a flow rate, a heat source fluid introduction section, a used heat source fluid outlet section and a plurality of baffle plates provided in a heating chamber formed between the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate, It is composed of a generated refrigerant vapor outlet with an entrainer provided in a gas-liquid separation chamber formed below the lower partition plate, an absorption liquid storage chamber for the absorption liquid after regeneration, and an absorption liquid outlet. The heat transfer tube is composed of a smooth tube, an internally grooved heat transfer tube, a heat transfer tube with tube outer fins, or a heat transfer tube with intermittent fins, and is formed of a copper-based material or a cupronickel material. Further, the sprayer is formed of an annular cylinder having a large number of bottom liquid holes, and is positioned above the absorption liquid pool, and sprays the absorption liquid to the absorption liquid pool through the bottom liquid holes. And the top of the heat transfer tube Is provided with a cylindrical falling liquid distributor, and the falling liquid distributor has a refrigerant vapor flow path, a support section, a blending section, and a gap flow path, and is located in the absorption liquid pool. Further, the entry preventing device having the eliminator is configured to be connected to the generated refrigerant vapor outlet portion of the gas-liquid separation chamber, and the upper outer wall surface of each heat transfer tube is hermetically sealed to the upper partition plate The heating chamber is formed by fixing and fixing the lower outer wall surface of each heat transfer tube to the lower partition plate.

Since the falling liquid film regenerator according to the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Heat transfer on the heated absorption film side is not affected by the liquid level, and can be performed under a condition with a smaller temperature difference.
(2) The local heat transfer coefficient on the falling absorption liquid film side is high.
(3) By said (1) and (2), extra-tube gaseous waste heat or high temperature water can be utilized to a low temperature, and the utilization rate of the thermal energy which it has becomes high.
(4) Due to the above (2), the heat transfer area required for regeneration of the absorbent can be significantly reduced.
In other words, since this is an unprecedented regenerator for generating absorption cold heat, not only is the liquid level not affected by the heating of the absorption liquid, but also has a high overall heat exchange coefficient and a heat source fluid or exhaust heat with no phase change. Since the thermal energy possessed can be used or recovered to a lower temperature, the volume of the absorption-type cold heat generation required device can be reduced, the temperature efficiency can be improved, and the energy utilization efficiency can be improved.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a falling film type regenerator capable of obtaining a highly efficient absorption refrigerator and absorption chiller / heater using exhaust heat.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of a falling film regeneration apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
Note that the same or equivalent parts as in the conventional example will be described using the same reference numerals.
FIGS. 1 to 3 show the state of heating by the high-temperature exhaust heat or high-temperature water in the outside channel 1c with respect to the flowing-down absorption liquid film 2aA on the inner wall surface 1b of the heat transfer tube 1, and the flowing-down absorption liquid film 2aA inside the pipe. And the temperature distribution of the high temperature exhaust heat 1B or high temperature water 1C in the form of gas outside the pipe.
As shown in FIG. 3, while the falling absorption liquid film 2aA in the pipe is heated, the refrigerant component evaporates from it. Therefore, the temperature of the flowing-down absorbing liquid film 2aA increases to some extent due to the concentration change in the flowing-down absorbing liquid film 2aA due to the evaporation of the refrigerant. However, as shown in FIG. 1, the tube-side gaseous high-temperature exhaust heat 1B or high-temperature water 1C can be used to a lower temperature by such convective heat transfer.

4 to 8 show the configuration of the falling liquid film regenerator 50 that uses high-temperature exhaust heat without phase change over the regeneration process of the absorbing liquid 2a for the regeneration of the absorbing liquid 2a, the structure of the sprayer 3, and the falling liquid distribution. The configuration of the device 4 will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 4, the falling liquid film type regeneration device 50 of the present invention has an absorbing liquid distribution chamber 10 formed by dividing a vertical cylindrical body 18 by an upper partition plate 7 and a lower partition plate 8. The heating chamber 6 and the gas-liquid separation chamber 13 are provided.
The absorbing liquid distribution chamber 10 is formed by a space between the upper portion of the body 18 and the upper partition plate 7, and the absorbing liquid introducing portion 31 and the absorbing liquid 2 a are sprayed on the inner wall surface of the tube bundle 1 </ b> A of the heat transfer tube 1. Liquid distributor 30, absorbing liquid pool 2, and falling liquid having the function of distributing the absorbing liquid 2 a to each tube of the tube bundle 1 </ b> A of the heat transfer tube 1 at an equal flow rate and distributing in a film shape on the inner wall surface 1 b. A distributor 4 is provided. Therefore, the sprayer 30 is installed in the absorbing liquid distribution chamber 10 in the body 18 above the absorbing liquid pool 2, and the absorbing liquid introduction part 31 is provided through the body 18.
The heating chamber 6 is formed by the upper outer wall surface 1M and the lower outer wall surface 1N of each heat transfer tube 1 being hermetically fixed to the upper partition plate 7 and the lower partition plate 8.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the heating chamber 6 is formed from a space surrounded by the upper partition plate 7, the lower partition plate 8, and the body 18, and the high-temperature exhaust heat and high-temperature water that are heat source fluids and the above-mentioned A tube bundle 1A of the heat transfer tubes 1 forming a heat exchange portion with the falling absorption liquid film 2aA, a heat source fluid introduction portion 11 and a used heat source fluid lead-out portion 12 are provided. Baffle plates 33 are provided in a staggered pattern at a required interval. Therefore, the heat source fluid introduction part 11 and the used heat source fluid lead-out part 12 are provided at the lower end and the upper end of the heating chamber 6, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the liquid sprayer 30 is connected to an absorption liquid introduction part 31 for introducing the liquid absorption 2a into the annular cylinder 30a, and a bottom liquid hole is formed in the lower part 30A of the liquid distribution apparatus of the annular cylinder 30a. By forming 30b, the absorption liquid 2a is configured to be uniformly supplied into the absorption liquid pool 2 through the bottom liquid holes 30b.

The falling liquid distributor 4 is configured as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, and a supporting portion 4a, a blending portion 4b, a gap channel 4c, and a refrigerant vapor channel 4d are provided on a flange 4e at the bottom of the cylindrical portion 4A. It is what you have. That is, a support portion 4a is provided below the flange portion 4e, a blending portion 4b is provided below the flange portion 4e, and a gap channel 4c is provided between and below the blending portion 4b. The generated refrigerant vapor flows in the refrigerant vapor flow path 4d to the gas-liquid separation chamber 13 together with the absorption liquid 2a to be regenerated.
The gap channel 4 c is formed by a gap between the outer wall surface of the functional part of the falling liquid distributor 4 and the inner wall surface of the heat transfer tube 1. The support part 4a and the blending part 4b are for holding the gap flow path 4c, and the refrigerant vapor flow path 4d at the center of the falling liquid distributor 4 is provided in the absorption liquid distribution chamber 10 and below it. The gas-liquid separation chamber 13 is placed under steam pressure through the heat transfer tube 1.
Accordingly, the regenerating absorbent 2a to be regenerated introduced into the falling liquid distributor 4 is easily distributed in the form of a film on the inner wall surface of the heat transfer tube 1 through the gap flow path 4c. In addition, since the falling liquid distributor 4 installed in each heat transfer tube 1 has the same shape, the flow rate of the regeneration liquid 2a to be regenerated that is distributed to each heat transfer tube 1 due to the same liquid level difference is the same.

  The gas-liquid separation chamber 13 is formed by a space between the lower partition plate 8 and the lower portion of the fuselage 18, and is provided with a generated refrigerant vapor deriving unit 16 with an entry preventing device 17, an absorbing liquid storage chamber 14, and an absorbing liquid deriving unit 15. It has been. Therefore, the generated refrigerant vapor lead-out portion 16 is provided on the outer wall of the body 18 above the absorption liquid storage chamber 14, and the absorption liquid lead-out portion 15 is provided at the bottom of the absorption liquid storage chamber 14.

  The entrance prevention device 17 is configured as shown in FIG. 9 and is attached to the generated refrigerant vapor outlet section 16, in which an eliminator 17a is installed in an overlapping manner, and the generated refrigerant vapor flow path is provided between the eliminators 17a. 16b is formed. Therefore, before the generated refrigerant vapor in the gas-liquid separation chamber 13 exits the generated refrigerant vapor deriving section 16, the droplets held therein collide with each eliminator 17a and are captured, and the droplets are condensed by the generated refrigerant vapor. It is configured to prevent entry into the liquid.

  Next, in the above-described configuration, the regenerating liquid 2 a that needs to be regenerated, for example, a dilute absorbing liquid, is sprayed from the sprinkler 30 to the absorbing liquid pool 2 in the absorbing liquid distribution chamber 10, and then the falling liquid distributor 4 heats the heat transfer tube. 1 is distributed on the inner wall surface 1b of the pipe and flows down in the form of a falling liquid film. At that time, it is heated by a heat source fluid 11a made of, for example, gaseous high-temperature exhaust heat or high-temperature water without phase change introduced into the heating chamber 6. As a result, the refrigerant component evaporates. Further, the regenerated absorbent 2b exiting the bottom of the heat transfer tube 1 enters the lower absorbent reservoir 14 and temporarily accumulates. Further, the refrigerant vapor 16a exiting from the bottom of the heat transfer tube 1 enters the entrainment prevention device 17, and splashes therein are captured by the eliminator 17a and led out from the generated refrigerant vapor deriving unit 16.

  Moreover, each said heat exchanger tube 1 is comprised with the copper-type material or the cupronickel material, and also the structure which formed the groove | channel 1F along the spiral line 1G in the inner surface, as FIG.10 and FIG.11 shows, Further, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, a configuration in which a plurality of fins 1 </ b> H are formed on the outer periphery of the heat transfer tube 1, and as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, A configuration in which intermittent fins 1 </ b> K formed in an intermittent shape along the direction are suitable, and is configured to improve heat transfer.

  The present invention can be applied to regeneration of an absorbing solution in an absorption refrigerator or an absorption chiller / heater.

It is principle explanatory drawing which shows the heat exchange operation | movement of the heat exchanger tube of the falling film type reproducing | regenerating apparatus by this invention. It is sectional drawing of FIG. It is a temperature distribution of the heat-source fluid which does not have a pipe outside absorption liquid film and pipe outer phase change in the heat transfer tube axial direction. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a falling film type regenerator according to the present invention. It is an expanded back view of the sprayer of FIG. It is an expanded sectional view of the part shown with the code | symbol B of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the falling liquid distributor which is the principal part of FIG. FIG. 8 is a bottom view of FIG. 7. FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view specifically showing the entry prevention device of FIG. 4. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the heat exchanger tube of FIG. It is a front view of FIG. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the other form of the heat exchanger tube of FIG. It is a front view of FIG. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the other form of the heat exchanger tube of FIG. It is a front view of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the conventional regenerator.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat transfer tube 1b Tube inner wall surface 1c Tube outer flow path 1A Tube bundle 1B High temperature exhaust heat 1C High temperature water 1F Groove 1G Spiral wire 1H Fin 1K Intermittent fin 1M Upper outer wall surface 1N Lower outer wall surface 2 Absorbing liquid pool 2a Absorbing liquid (regenerative absorbing liquid required)
2b Absorbed liquid 2aA after regeneration Absorbing liquid film 4 Falling liquid distributor 4a Supporting part 4A Tube part 4b Compounding part 4c Gap channel 4d Refrigerant vapor channel 4e Hut 6 Heating chamber 7 Upper partition plate 8 Lower partition plate 10 Absorbing solution Distribution chamber 11 Heat source fluid introduction section 11a Heat source fluid 12 Used heat source fluid outlet section 13 Gas-liquid separation chamber 14 Absorbed liquid storage chamber 15 Absorbed liquid outlet section 16 Generated refrigerant vapor outlet section 16a Refrigerant vapor 16aA Generated refrigerant vapor 16b Generated refrigerant vapor flow Road 17 Entreprevention device 17a Eliminator 18 Body 30 Sprinkler 30A Sprinkler lower portion 30a Annular cylinder 30b Bottom liquid hole 31 Absorbing liquid introduction part 33 Baffle plate 50 Falling liquid film type regenerator

Claims (6)

While the dilute absorbent or the regenerative absorbent (2a) required is distributed on the inner wall surface (1b) of the plurality of heat transfer tubes (1) and flows down to the falling absorption liquid film (2aA), the tube of the heat transfer tube (1) A heat source fluid (11a) without phase change is supplied to the outer flow path (1c) and heated through the heat transfer tube (1) to evaporate the refrigerant in the falling absorption liquid film (2aA), and the absorption liquid (2a) In the falling film type regeneration device adapted to perform the regeneration of
An upper partition plate (7) and a lower partition plate (8) provided to be separated from each other at an upper part and a lower part in order to support the heat transfer tubes (1) in a vertically arranged body (18), and the upper partition plate An absorption liquid distribution chamber (10), a heating chamber (6) and a gas-liquid separation chamber (13), which are separated by (7) and a lower partition plate (8) and are formed in order from the top of the body (18), and the absorption A liquid dispenser (30) provided in the liquid distribution chamber (10) and having an absorbent introduction part (31) for introducing the absorbent (2a), and an absorption formed on the upper partition plate (7). A falling liquid distributor (4) for distributing the absorbing liquid (2a) in the liquid pool (2) to the inner wall surface (1b) of each heat transfer tube (1) at an equal flow rate, and the upper partition plate (7 ) And the lower partition plate (8) formed in the heating chamber (6), the heat source fluid introduction part (11), the used heat source fluid outlet part (12) and the plurality of baffle plates (33), Generated refrigerant vapor with an anti-entrance device (17) provided in the gas-liquid separation chamber (13) formed below the lower partition plate (8) Out portion (16) and the absorbing solution 貯室 (14) and the falling film reproducing apparatus characterized by being constituted from an absorption liquid deriving portion (15) of the reproduction after the absorption liquid (2b).   The heat transfer tube (1) is a smooth tube or a heat transfer tube (1) with an inner groove (1F), or a heat transfer tube (1) with a fin (1H) on the outer surface of the tube, or a heat transfer tube (1) with a fin (1K) on the side. 2. The falling film type regenerator according to claim 1, wherein the falling film type regenerator is made of a copper-based material or a cupronickel material.   The sprayer (30) comprises an annular cylinder (30a) having a large number of bottom liquid holes (30b), and is located above the absorbent liquid pool (2), and the absorbent liquid (2a) is placed in the bottom part. 3. A falling film type regenerator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the falling liquid film regenerator (2) is sprayed through the liquid hole (30b).   A cylindrical falling liquid distributor (4) is provided at the top of the heat transfer tube (1), and the falling liquid distributor (4) includes a refrigerant vapor channel (4d), a support part (4a), and a blending part. The falling film type regenerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the falling liquid film regenerator has (4b) and a gap channel (4c) and is located in the absorbent pool (2).   The entry prevention device (17) having the eliminator (17a) is connected to the generated refrigerant vapor outlet section (16) of the gas-liquid separation chamber (13). The falling film type regenerator according to claim 1.   The upper outer wall surface (1M) of each heat transfer tube (1) is hermetically fixed to the upper partition plate (7), and the lower outer wall surface (1N) of each heat transfer tube (1) is attached to the lower partition plate (8). The falling film type regenerator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heating chamber (6) is formed by being hermetically fixed.

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