JP2007010965A - Method for producing electrophoretic display medium and electrophoretic display medium - Google Patents

Abstract

When a space for allowing charged particles to freely pass through is provided in a partition member, when an electrophoretic display medium is used in a standing state, charged particles peeled off from the display surface due to the influence of vibration or the like are settled by gravity. It becomes easy to move to another compartment through the space. As a result, there are places where the concentration of charged particles is high and low depending on the compartment, and the display image is uneven. For this reason, the display quality deteriorates.
The distance between the surface of the partition member provided on at least one substrate facing the other substrate or the surface facing the partition member of the other substrate and the partition member of the other substrate or the other substrate is set. The pair of substrates are arranged so as to be wide when charged particles are filled and narrow so that the charged particles cannot pass freely during image display.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an electrophoretic display medium manufacturing method and an electrophoretic display medium.

  Conventionally, an electrophoretic display medium is known as a medium for displaying an image. The electrophoretic display medium arbitrarily moves charged particles between substrates by applying an electric field to charged particles filled between a pair of substrates that are a pair of substrates that are a display surface and a display surface. Can be made. When such control is performed and the charged particles are moved to the display surface, the color of the charged particles is displayed on the display surface. Thereby, an image can be displayed.

  Patent Document 1 has two substrates each having a partition member for partitioning a space between the substrates into a plurality of partition chambers, and the two substrates are in directions in which the partition members face each other. An electrophoretic display medium is disclosed in which a gap is provided between the arranged partition members facing each other so that charged particles can freely pass therethrough.

Japanese Patent No. 3189958

  However, when a gap that allows charged particles to freely pass between the two partition members is provided as in the electrophoretic display medium described in Patent Document 1, if the electrophoretic display medium is used while standing, When the charged particles peeled off from the display surface due to the influence of the above or the like are settled by gravity, the charged particles easily move to other compartments through the gap. As a result, the concentration of charged particles is not uniform depending on the compartment, that is, the display image is uneven, so that the display quality is deteriorated.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides an electrophoretic display medium manufacturing method and an electrophoretic display medium that do not cause unevenness in a display image and have good display quality. Objective.

  In order to achieve this object, the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 1 includes a pair of substrates having a partition member at least one of which is partitioned by the pair of substrates and the partition member. A method of manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium in which a liquid chamber is filled with a display liquid composed of charged particles and a dispersion medium for dispersing the charged particles, and the other substrate in the partition member provided on at least one substrate Alternatively, the distance between the first facing surface that is the surface facing the partition member of the other substrate and the second facing surface that is the surface of the other substrate facing the first facing surface or the surface of the partition member of the other substrate. A display liquid disposing step of disposing a display liquid on at least one substrate in a state where the distance is less than a predetermined distance, and after the display liquid disposing step, a distance between the first facing surface and the second facing surface is set. The charge Child consists of a substrate placement step of placing said pair of substrates so as to have a predetermined distance that can pass freely, the fixation step for fixing the pair of substrates disposed by the substrate arranging step.

  The method for producing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 2, wherein the charged particles are substantially spherical, and in the substrate placement step, the predetermined distance is 5 times or less of an average particle diameter of the charged particles, The pair of substrates are arranged so as to have a predetermined distance.

  The method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 3, wherein, in the substrate placement step, the predetermined distance is between the partition member of one substrate and the partition member of the other substrate or the other substrate. Even if particles are present, the pair of substrates is arranged so that the force applied to the charged particles in the liquid chamber is substantially the same from the electric field generated by the voltage applied to the electrodes, and is the predetermined distance. It is characterized by doing.

  The method for producing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 4, wherein the charged particles are substantially spherical, and in the substrate placement step, the predetermined distance is one or more times an average particle diameter of the charged particles, The pair of substrates are arranged so as to have a predetermined distance.

  The method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the display liquid arranging step, the display liquid is filled between the pair of substrates in a state where the pair of substrates are opposed to each other.

  Further, in the method of manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 6, an abutting body is provided on the partition member provided on at least one substrate or at least one substrate, and in the substrate arranging step, A contact body placed on the partition member of one substrate or the other substrate is in contact with the partition member of the other substrate or the other substrate.

  In the method of manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 7, when the partition member and the contact body are viewed from a specific direction, the size of the tip of the contact body is larger than the size of the tip of the partition member. It is small.

  The method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 8 is characterized in that, in the substrate arranging step, the pair of substrates are arranged while applying vibration to the pair of substrates.

  The method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 9 further comprises: arranging a frame member made of thermoplastic resin or stimulus curable resin on at least one of the substrates so as to surround a display area for displaying an image. An injection port for filling the display liquid is formed in at least one of the pair of substrates or the frame member, and in the display liquid arrangement process, the first facing surface is provided. The display liquid is filled between the pair of substrates from the injection port in a state where the distance between the second opposing surface and the second facing surface is larger than the predetermined distance. A sealing step of sealing the injection port after the fixing step, placing the pair of substrates by reducing the height of the frame member and moving the base member closer to the substrate side And wherein the door.

  The method of manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 10 is a frame member made of a stimulus curable resin or a thermoplastic resin so as to surround a display area for displaying an image on at least one substrate. In the display liquid disposing step, at least one of the pair of substrates or the frame member is formed with an inlet and an outlet for filling the display liquid. In a state where the distance between the first opposing surface and the second opposing surface and the other substrate or the partition member of the other substrate is separated from the predetermined distance, the display liquid is supplied from the injection port to the pair of substrates. Excess display liquid is discharged from the discharge port while filling in between, and in the substrate placement step, at least one substrate is moved closer to the other substrate side, It shortens the height of the frame members placing the pair of substrates, after the fixing step, characterized by having a sealing step of sealing the discharge port and the inlet.

  The method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 11 is characterized in that, in the substrate arranging step, the frame member is in an elastic state.

  Further, in the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 12, the frame member that is a thermoplastic resin is arranged in the frame member arranging step, and the frame member is heated and softened in the substrate arranging step. However, the pair of substrates is arranged by moving at least one substrate so as to be close to the other substrate, and in the fixing step, the frame member is cooled to fix the distance between the pair of substrates. And

  The method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 13, wherein in the frame member arranging step, the frame member that is a thermosetting resin that is cured by stimulation by heating is arranged, and in the fixing step, the frame member is arranged. The distance between the pair of substrates is fixed by heating and curing.

  The method of manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 14, wherein the frame member that is a photocurable resin that is cured by light stimulation is disposed in the frame member disposing step, and the frame member is disposed in the fixing step. Is fixed by light irradiation to fix the pair of substrates.

  The method for producing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 15 is characterized in that the photocurable resin is an ultraviolet curable resin that is cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays.

  The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 16 includes a pair of substrates having a partition member on at least one of them, and in a liquid chamber partitioned by the pair of substrates and the partition member, charged particles and the charged An electrophoretic display medium filled with a display liquid composed of a dispersion medium that disperses particles, the surface of the partition member provided on at least one substrate facing the other substrate or the partition member of the other substrate. At least one of the first facing surface and the second facing surface, which is the surface of the other substrate facing the first facing surface or the surface of the partition member of the other substrate, is separated from the predetermined distance. The display liquid is disposed on the substrate, and the charged particles can freely pass through the distance between the first facing surface and the second facing surface after the display liquid placing step. Not predetermined A substrate placing step of placing said pair of substrates so as to release, it is manufactured by the manufacturing method of the electrophoretic display medium comprising a fixing step of fixing the pair of substrates disposed by the substrate arranging step.

  The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 17 includes a pair of substrates having a partition member on at least one of them, and charged particles and the charge are formed in a liquid chamber formed by the pair of substrates and the partition member. In an electrophoretic display medium filled with a display liquid comprising a dispersion medium for dispersing particles, the first opposing surface facing the other substrate or the partition member of the other substrate in the partition member provided on one substrate; The distance from the surface of the other substrate facing the first facing surface or the second facing surface which is the surface of the partition member of the other substrate is defined as the distance at which the charged particles cannot pass freely. The pair of substrates are spaced apart.

  The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 18 is characterized in that the charged particles are substantially spherical and the predetermined distance is not more than 5 times the average particle diameter of the charged particles.

  The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 19, wherein the predetermined distance is applied to the electrode even if the charged particles exist between the partition member of one substrate and the partition member of the other substrate or the other substrate. The distance between the electric field generated by the applied voltage and the force applied to the charged particles in the liquid chamber is substantially the same.

  The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 20 is characterized in that the charged particles are substantially spherical and the predetermined distance is one or more times an average particle diameter of the charged particles.

  In addition, the electrophoretic display medium according to claim 21 includes an abutting member provided at at least a part of a tip of the partition member of the one substrate and in contact with the other substrate or the partition member of the other substrate. Features.

  The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 22 is characterized in that, when the partition member and the contact body are viewed from a specific direction, the size of the tip of the contact body is smaller than the size of the tip of the partition member. To do.

  The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 23 is provided between the pair of substrates in close contact with the pair of substrates, and surrounds a display region for displaying an image, or a thermosetting resin or stimulus-curing property. A frame member made of resin is provided.

  The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 24 is characterized in that the frame member is a thermoplastic resin.

  The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 25 is characterized in that the frame member is a thermosetting resin that is cured by stimulation by heating.

  An electrophoretic display medium according to a twenty-sixth aspect is characterized in that the frame member is a photocurable resin that is cured by stimulation with light.

  The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 27 is characterized in that the photocurable resin is an ultraviolet curable resin that is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays.

According to the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 1, the charged particles cannot freely pass through a distance between the first facing surface and the second facing surface in the substrate arranging step. Since the pair of substrates are arranged at a distance, the charged particles do not move between the liquid chambers, so that an uneven display image does not occur and an electrophoretic display medium with good display quality can be easily manufactured. .

  According to the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, in the substrate placement step, the predetermined distance is 5 which is an average particle diameter of the charged particles. Since the pair of substrates are arranged so as to be less than twice, the charged particles do not move between the liquid chambers, so that the display image does not become uneven, and an electrophoretic display medium with better display quality can be easily manufactured. Can do.

  According to the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 3, in addition to the effect exhibited by the invention according to claim 1 or 2, in the substrate placement step, the predetermined distance is Even if the charged particles are present between the partition member of the substrate and the other substrate or the partition member of the other substrate, the force applied to the charged particles in the liquid chamber from the electric field generated by the voltage applied to the electrode is substantially Since the pair of substrates are arranged so that the same distance, that is, the force applied to the charged particles in each of the liquid chambers in the entire electrophoretic display medium is substantially uniform, the display image may be uneven. Therefore, an electrophoretic display medium with good display quality can be manufactured.

  According to the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 4, in addition to the effect provided by the invention according to claim 3, the gap is more than 1 times the diameter of the charged particles, so Even if one charged particle is sandwiched, the force applied from the electric field to the charged particle in the liquid chamber is substantially the same, so that the display image does not become uneven and the display quality is better. Can be manufactured.

  According to the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 5, in addition to the effect exhibited by the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in the display liquid arranging step, the pair of substrates Since the display liquid is filled between the pair of substrates while facing each other, bubbles can be easily removed, and an electrophoretic display medium with better display quality can be easily manufactured.

  According to the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 6, in addition to the effect produced by the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the distance between the substrates can be accurately determined by the contact body. Larger electrophoretic display media can be produced.

  According to the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 7, in addition to the effect produced by the invention according to claim 6, the gap between the contact body and the other substrate or the partition member of the other substrate. Since charged particles are not easily sandwiched, the uniformity of the predetermined distance in the entire electrophoretic display medium is increased, and the display image can be made more uniform. As a result, an electrophoretic display medium with better display quality can be manufactured. .

  According to the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 8, in addition to the effect exhibited by the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 7, vibration is applied to the pair of substrates in the substrate placement step. Since the pair of substrates are arranged while being applied, the uniformity of the predetermined distance in the entire electrophoretic display medium is increased, the display image can be made more uniform, and as a result, an electrophoretic display medium with better display quality is manufactured. be able to.

  Further, according to the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 9, in addition to the effect exerted by the invention according to any one of claims 5 to 8, in the display liquid arranging step, by the frame member, In the state where the distance between the first facing surface and the second facing surface is separated from the predetermined distance, the display liquid is filled between the pair of substrates from the inlet, Since the pair of substrates is arranged by reducing the height of the frame member to the predetermined distance, bubbles can be easily removed and the display liquid can be uniformly filled, resulting in more display quality. Can be produced.

  According to the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 10, in addition to the effect produced by the invention according to any one of claims 5 to 8, in the display liquid arranging step, the frame member In a state where the distance between the first facing surface and the second facing surface is separated from the predetermined distance, the display liquid is excessively charged while the display liquid is filled between the pair of substrates from the inlet. Since the pair of substrates are arranged by reducing the height of the frame member to the predetermined distance in the substrate arranging step, the bubbles are easily removed and the display liquid is uniformly removed. As a result, an electrophoretic display medium with better display quality can be manufactured.

  According to the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 11, in addition to the effect exhibited by the invention according to claim 9 or 10, the frame member is elastic in the frame member arranging step. In this state, since the frame member is arranged, the sealing performance of the liquid chamber is increased in the substrate arranging step.

  According to the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 12, in addition to the effect exhibited by the invention according to claim 9 or 10, the frame member disposing step is the thermoplastic resin. Since the frame member is arranged, the pair of substrates can be more easily arranged in the substrate arranging step, and as a result, the electrophoretic display medium can be manufactured more easily.

  According to the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 13, in addition to the effect exhibited by the invention according to claim 9, the thermosetting resin is used in the frame member arranging step. Since the frame member is arranged, the pair of substrates can be more easily arranged in the substrate arranging step, and as a result, the electrophoretic display medium can be manufactured more easily.

  According to the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 14, in addition to the effect produced by the invention according to claim 9 or claim 10, a photocurable resin is used in the frame member arranging step. Since the certain frame member is arranged, the pair of substrates can be more easily arranged in the substrate arranging step, and as a result, the electrophoretic display medium can be more easily manufactured.

  According to the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 15, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 14, in order to dispose the frame member that is an ultraviolet curable resin in the frame member disposing step, The pair of substrates can be easily arranged in the substrate arranging step, and as a result, the electrophoretic display medium can be manufactured more easily.

  According to the electrophoretic display medium of the sixteenth aspect, since the charged particles do not move between the liquid chambers, the display image does not become uneven, and the image can be displayed favorably.

  In addition, according to the electrophoretic display medium of the seventeenth aspect, since the charged particles do not move between the liquid chambers, the display image is not uneven, and the image can be displayed favorably.

  Further, according to the electrophoretic display medium according to claim 18, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 17, the charged particles do not move between the liquid chambers, so that the display image does not become uneven, and the image is better. Can be displayed.

  According to the electrophoretic display medium of claim 19, in addition to the effect produced by the invention of claim 17 or claim 18, the electric field generated by the voltage applied to the electrode during image display is Since the force applied to the charged particles in the liquid chamber is substantially the same, that is, the force applied to the charged particles in each of the liquid chambers is substantially uniform in the entire electrophoretic display medium, the display image is not uneven.

  According to the electrophoretic display medium of claim 20, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 19, the force applied from the electric field to the charged particles in the liquid chamber during image display is substantially the same. Therefore, the display image is not uneven.

  Further, according to the electrophoretic display medium according to claim 21, in addition to the effect exhibited by the invention according to any one of claims 17 to 20, the contact body can accurately maintain the distance between the substrates. Therefore, an image can be displayed more satisfactorily.

  According to the electrophoretic display medium of the twenty-second aspect, in addition to the effect of the twenty-first aspect of the invention, the charged particles are placed between the contact body and the other substrate or the partition member of the other substrate. Since it is hard to be pinched, the uniformity of the predetermined distance in the entire electrophoretic display medium is increased, the display image can be made more uniform, and as a result, the image can be displayed better.

  Further, according to the electrophoretic display medium of claim 23, in addition to the effect exhibited by the invention of any one of claims 17 to 22, it is easy to remove bubbles at the time of manufacture and display uniformly. Since the liquid can be filled, the display image is more uniform.

  According to the electrophoretic display medium of claim 24, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 23, since the frame member is a thermoplastic resin, the pair of substrates can be arranged more easily. It can be easily manufactured.

  According to the electrophoretic display medium according to claim 25, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 23, since the frame member is a thermosetting resin, the pair of substrates can be arranged more easily. Can be easily manufactured.

  According to the electrophoretic display medium of the twenty-sixth aspect, in addition to the effect of the twenty-third aspect of the invention, since the frame member is a photocurable resin, the pair of substrates can be more easily arranged. Can be easily manufactured.

  According to the electrophoretic display medium of claim 27, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 23, since the frame member is an ultraviolet curable resin, the pair of substrates can be arranged more easily. Can be easily manufactured.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electrophoretic display medium 100 of the present invention viewed from the display surface side. FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the electrophoretic display medium 100 as viewed from the direction of the arrow of AA. As shown in FIG. 2, the electrophoretic display medium 100 includes white particles 310 and black particles 320, which are charged particles 305 to be described later, filled in the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121. An image is formed by being moved between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 by the generated electric field. The numeral 8 is displayed on the display surface of the electrophoretic display medium 100 of FIG.

  The electrophoretic display medium 100 includes a pair of substrates, that is, a transparent first substrate 110 made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) resin constituting a display surface, and a second substrate 120 made of glass provided facing the first substrate 110. Have The first substrate 110 only needs to be a transparent material, and glass, polyimide resin, polypropylene resin, polycarbonate resin, or the like can be used. Glass, polyimide resin, polypropylene resin, polycarbonate resin, or an insulating layer is formed on the second substrate. Stainless steel, aluminum, or the like provided with can be used. The first substrate 110 includes a plurality of transparent first electrodes 111 made of ITO (indium tin oxide) and provided in parallel, and further includes a protective film 112 for protecting the first electrodes 111. In FIG. 2, the first electrode 111 is provided in parallel from the front to the back.

  The second substrate 120 has a plurality of second electrodes 121 that are twisted with and parallel to the first electrode 111, and further has a protective film 122 for protecting the second electrode 121. . In FIG. 13, the second electrode 121 is provided in parallel from the front to the back. The second substrate 120 has a partition member 123 on the protective film 122. The tip of the partition member 123 is not in contact with the first substrate 110, and a gap 250 of 10 μm is set as a predetermined distance between the tip surface of the partition member 123 (the surface facing the first substrate) and the first substrate 110. Exists. The partition member 123 has a width of 20 μm and a height of 20 μm.

  A perspective view of the partition member 123 is shown in FIG. The partition members 123 are arranged at intervals of 100 μm in the up-down direction as viewed from the display surface side and in the left-right direction as viewed from the display surface side, and are provided so as to partition the substrates into a plurality of liquid chambers 200 corresponding to the pixels. It has been.

  The liquid chamber 200 composed of the partition member 123, the first substrate 110, and the second substrate 120 is filled with the display liquid 300. The display liquid 300 includes white particles 310 made of styrene acrylic resin and titanium dioxide having an average particle diameter of 3 μm, black particles 320 made of styrene acrylic resin and carbon black and having an average particle diameter of 3 μm, and white particles 310 and black And a dispersion medium 330 made of an isoparaffin-based solvent in which the particles 320 are dispersed. The white particles 310 are positively charged, and the black particles 320 are negatively charged. Hereinafter, the white particles 310 and the black particles 320 are simply referred to as charged particles 305.

  As a material used for coloring the particles, known dyes and pigments can be used. For white particles, transparent particles or hollow particles whose surface is subjected to diffusion treatment may be used. Further, color particles prepared using a color pigment or a dye such as phthalocyanine, azo, or quinacridone may be used.

  In addition, a frame member 130 made of ethylene vinyl acetate resin, which is a thermoplastic resin, is disposed around the pair of substrates while being sandwiched between the pair of substrates. The frame member 130 keeps the distance between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 at 30 μm, and prevents the display liquid 300 between the substrates from leaking outside. The thermoplastic resin is not limited to ethylene vinyl acetate resin, and polypropylene resin and modified polyolefin resin can be used.

  Further, in order to more securely fix the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 from the outer side of the frame member 130, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are fixed by the fixing member 140 made of an epoxy adhesive. Has been.

  The first substrate 110 is also provided with a pair of inlets 401 and outlets 402 for filling the display liquid 300. The injection port 401 and the discharge port 402 are respectively provided at the vertices on the diagonal line on the display surface. After filling the display liquid 300, the inlet 401 and the outlet 402 are sealed with a sealant 450 made of an epoxy adhesive. The fixing member 140 and the sealant 450 are not limited to the epoxy adhesive, and the thermoplastic resin, the photocurable resin, the low melting point glass, or the like can be used.

  Next, the operation of the electrophoretic display medium 100 will be described. When an image is displayed on the electrophoretic display medium 100, the first electrode is set so that a potential difference of 50 V is generated with respect to the pixel whose display is to be switched at each pixel that is the intersection of the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121. By controlling the voltage applied to 111 and the second electrode 121, the charged particles 305 in the liquid chamber 200 move between the pair of substrates. Then, the color of the charged particles 305 moved to the first substrate 110 side is displayed on the display surface.

  That is, in a pixel, when the potential difference of the second electrode 121 with respect to the first electrode 111 is +50 V, the positively charged white particles 310 in the liquid chamber 200 corresponding to the pixel move to the first substrate 110 side. The negatively charged black particles 320 move to the second substrate 120 side. For this reason, white of the white particles 310 is displayed on the display surface.

  Further, in a certain pixel, when the potential difference of the second electrode 121 with respect to the first electrode 111 is −50 V, the negatively charged black particles 320 in the liquid chamber 200 corresponding to the pixel move to the first substrate 110 side. Then, the positively charged white particles 310 move to the second substrate 120 side. For this reason, black of the black particles 320 is displayed on the display surface.

  In this manner, by controlling the voltages applied to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121 according to the pixels, an arbitrary image is written on the electrophoretic display medium 100.

  Moreover, even if the application of the voltage to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121 is stopped after the image is displayed, the state of the charged particles 305 moved between the substrates is the charged particles 305 and the first substrate 110 or It is maintained by an electric attractive force called an image force generated between the charged particle 305 and the second substrate 120. For this reason, even when the electrophoretic display medium 100 is turned off, the image display is maintained on the display surface of the electrophoretic display medium 100.

  As will be described later, the 10 μm gap 250 from the tip of the partition member 123 to the first substrate 110 is a gap through which the charged particles 305 having an average particle diameter of 3 μm cannot freely pass.

  Therefore, even when the electrophoretic display medium 100 is used with its display surface standing upright, the charged particles 305 hardly move between the liquid chambers 200, so the concentration of the charged particles 305 is different for each liquid chamber 200. Variation does not occur, and unevenness in the image displayed on the display surface does not occur.

  For the evaluation of the electrophoretic display medium 100, first, when the display liquid 300 was filled between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 as a process inspection, it was evaluated by visual observation whether the liquid could be uniformly filled. The case of G is assumed to be G, and the case of non-uniformity is assumed to be NG. Next, after the electrophoretic display medium 100 is completed as a completion inspection, white display and black display are performed in a state where the electrophoretic display medium 100 is leaned, and a luminance meter BM7 manufactured by Topcon Technohouse Co. is used for each display. The luminance for each pixel is measured, and when the difference between the average value and the maximum value or the minimum value is 20% or less of the average value in black display, it is evaluated that no unevenness occurs, and G, 20% If it exceeds, the result is evaluated as NG, and the white display is evaluated as NG when the average value is 10% or less. If it exceeds 10%, the result is uneven. Assess that it was done and set it as NG. Further, after leaving the electrophoretic display medium 100 standing for one week, the same evaluation as the completion inspection is performed again to evaluate the presence or absence of unevenness.

  Next, a method for manufacturing the electrophoretic display medium 100 will be described. 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, and 12 are cross-sectional views taken along the line BB in FIG. 1 as viewed from the direction of the arrows.

  Example 1 of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, first, a first substrate 110 and a second substrate 120 were prepared. As described above, the first substrate 110 is a transparent substrate constituting the display surface, and has a plurality of transparent first electrodes 111 provided for each pixel, and further protects the first electrode 111. A protective film 112 is provided. In order to fill the display liquid 300 in a later step, the first substrate 110 is provided with an injection port 401 in which an injection device 501 (see FIG. 6) described later is installed and a discharge device 502 (see FIG. 6) described later. The discharge port 402 is formed at the position of the vertex on the diagonal line of the display surface.

  Further, as described above, the second substrate 120 has the plurality of second electrodes 121 provided at the twisted positions so as to face the plurality of first electrodes 111, and further protects the second electrode 121. A protective film 122 is provided. The second substrate 120 has a partition member 123 on the protective film 122.

  Further, a frame member 130 having a height of about 60 μm formed of a thermoplastic resin such as a hot melt adhesive was disposed on the outer periphery of the second substrate 120.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the first substrate 110 was placed on the frame member 130. At this time, since the height of the frame member 130 is 50 μm and the height of the partition member 123 is 20 μm, the gap 250 between the front surface of the partition member 123 and the first substrate 110 is 30 μm.

  Further, the lower part of the second substrate 120 is in contact with the hot plate 600. The hot plate 600 is used at a later stage to apply heat to the frame member 130 formed of thermoplastic resin.

  Next, after preparing a display liquid 300 in which white particles 310 and black particles 320 each having an average particle diameter of 3 μm are dispersed, the display liquid 300 is injected into the injection port 401 of the first substrate 110 as shown in FIG. An injection device 501 for sending out the display liquid 300 from the inside is arranged, and a discharge device 502 for sucking out and discharging excess air and the display liquid 300 is arranged at the discharge port 402. The display liquid 300 was filled between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 using the injection device 501 and the discharge device 502. The cylinder tips of the injection device 501 and the discharge device 502 are formed with rubber caps, and display liquid is supplied from the contact portion between the injection port 401 and the injection device 501 and the contact portion between the discharge port 402 and the discharge device 501 during the filling operation. There is no leakage. The distance between the front surface of the partition member 123 and the first substrate 110 is 30 μm, and the distance is sufficiently larger than the charged particles 305 in the display liquid 300, and the charged particles 305 freely pass through the distance. Therefore, the display liquid 300 can be uniformly filled between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120.

  After the filling of the display liquid 300 between the substrates was completed, the above-described hot plate 600 was heated to 80 ° C. At this time, since the softening point of the frame member 130 is 80 ° C., the frame member 130 is softened. However, the melting point of the first substrate 110 is 260 ° C., and the melting point of the second substrate 120 is 600 ° C. or higher.

  As shown in FIG. 8, with the frame member 130 thus softened, the pressing jig 700 is lowered and the first substrate 110 is pressed from above by the pressing jig, whereby the first substrate 110 is moved to the first position. It moved so that it might approach two substrates 120. The shape of the pressing jig 700 is designed so that the distance from the tip of the partition member 123 to the first substrate 110, that is, the gap 250 is 10 μm, that is, the distance between the substrates is 30 μm. Thus, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 can be disposed. At this time, the surplus display liquid 300 was collected using the discharge device 502.

  Next, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 were fixed by cooling the hot plate 600 to 40 ° C. and curing the frame member 130.

  Then, after removing the pressing jig 700, as shown in FIG. 9, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are further fixed by fixing from the side surface of the electrophoretic display medium 100 with a fixing member 140. Fixed more securely.

  Next, the injection device 501 (see FIG. 8) and the discharge device 502 (see FIG. 8) were removed. After the display liquid 300 adhering to the periphery of the inlet 401 and the outlet 402 was wiped off using an absorbing member 420 (not shown), the sealing agent 450 was attached to the inlet 401 and the outlet 402 and sealed. Thus, the electrophoretic display medium 100 in which the charged particles 305 were uniformly filled in each liquid chamber 200 was manufactured.

  When the thus produced electrophoretic display medium 100 was stood and evaluated for display, no unevenness occurred. After this, when the display was evaluated again after standing for 1 week, no unevenness in the display occurred.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 14, the manufacturing apparatus was installed in a vacuum vessel 850. A vacuum pump 800 was connected to the vacuum vessel 850 via an intake valve 810 and an exhaust valve 820.

  Further, the first substrate 110 provided with only the injection port 401 was used. At this time, since the height of the frame member 130 is 50 μm and the height of the partition member 123 is 20 μm, the gap 250 between the front surface of the partition member 123 and the first substrate 110 is 30 μm.

  After filling the display device 300 in which the white particles 310 and the black particles 320 each having an average particle diameter of 3 μm are dispersed in the injection device 501, the intake valve 810 is closed, the exhaust valve 820 is opened, and the vacuum pump 800 is operated. It was.

  After confirming that the vacuum container 850 was evacuated, the injection device 501 was operated to fill the display liquid 300 between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. At this time, the distance between the front end surface of the partition member 123 and the first substrate 110 is 30 μm, and the distance is sufficiently larger than the charged particles 305 in the display liquid 300, and the charged particles 305 can freely set the distance. Thus, the display liquid 300 can be uniformly filled between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. After the filling of the display liquid 300 between the substrates was completed, the injection device 501 was moved.

  As shown in FIG. 15, with the hot plate 600 heated to 80 ° C. and only the frame member 130 softened, the pressing jig 700 is lowered and the first substrate 110 is pressed from above with the pressing jig. Thus, the first substrate 110 was moved so as to approach the second substrate 120. The shape of the pressing jig 700 is designed so that the distance from the tip of the partition member 123 to the first substrate 110, that is, the gap 250 is 15 μm, so that the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 can be moved only by pressing operation. It is possible to arrange. At this time, the excessive display liquid 300 was removed by moving the blade 410 from the left part of the injection port 401 to the suction member 420 installed on the right part with the blade 410 being in close contact with the first substrate 110.

  Next, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 were fixed by cooling the hot plate 600 to 40 ° C. and curing the frame member 130.

  Then, after closing the exhaust valve 820 and stopping the vacuum pump 800, the intake bubble 810 was opened to return the inside of the vacuum vessel 850 to normal pressure, and the pressing jig 700 was removed. Thereafter, similarly to the first embodiment, the side surface of the electrophoretic display medium 100 is fixed by a fixing and fixing member 140, and the injection port 401 is sealed by a sealant 450, whereby charged particles are uniformly charged in each liquid chamber 200. An electrophoretic display medium 100 filled with 305 was manufactured.

  When the thus produced electrophoretic display medium 100 was stood and evaluated for display, no unevenness occurred. After this, when the display was evaluated again after standing for 1 week, no unevenness in the display occurred.

  Next, Example 3 of the present invention will be described. When the first substrate 110 is placed on the frame member 130, the height of the frame member 130 is 40 μm, the height of the partition member 123 is 20 μm, that is, the front surface of the partition member 123, and the first substrate The electrophoretic display medium 100 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the gap 250 between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 was set to 20 μm except that the display liquid 300 was uniformly filled between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. I was able to. Furthermore, when the thus produced electrophoretic display medium 100 was leaned against and evaluated for display, no unevenness occurred. After this, when the display was evaluated again after standing for 1 week, no unevenness in the display occurred.

  Next, Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described. When the first substrate 110 is placed on the frame member 130, the height of the frame member 130 is 30 μm, the height of the partition member 123 is 20 μm, that is, the front surface of the partition member 123, and the first substrate The pressing jig 700 is designed so that the gap 250 with respect to 110 is 10 μm, the average particle diameter of the charged particles 305 dispersed in the display liquid 300 is 0.7 μm, and the gap 250 in the substrate placement step is 3 μm. The electrophoretic display medium 100 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the display liquid 300 was uniformly filled between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. Furthermore, when the thus produced electrophoretic display medium 100 was leaned against and evaluated for display, no unevenness occurred. After this, when the display was evaluated again after standing for 1 week, no unevenness in the display occurred.

  Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. When the first substrate 110 is placed on the frame member 130, the height of the frame member 130 is 65 μm, the height of the partition member 123 is 20 μm, that is, the front surface of the partition member 123, and the first substrate 110 except that the pressing jig 700 designed so that the gap 250 with respect to 110 is 45 μm, the average particle diameter of the charged particles 305 dispersed in the display liquid 300 is 8 μm, and the gap 250 in the substrate placement step is 40 μm. Produced the electrophoretic display medium 100 in the same manner as in Example 1, and was able to uniformly fill the display liquid 300 between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. Furthermore, when the thus produced electrophoretic display medium 100 was leaned against and evaluated for display, no unevenness occurred. After this, when the display was evaluated again after standing for 1 week, no unevenness in the display occurred.

  Next, Comparative Example 1 of the present invention will be described. When the first substrate 110 is placed on the frame member 130, the height of the frame member 130 is 35 μm, the height of the partition member 123 is 20 μm, that is, the front surface of the partition member 123, and the first substrate The electrophoretic display medium 100 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the gap 250 between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 was set to 15 μm, and the display liquid 300 was uniformly filled between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. I could not.

  Next, Comparative Example 2 of the present invention will be described. When the first substrate 110 is placed on the frame member 130, the height of the frame member 130 is 45 μm, the height of the partition member 123 is 20 μm, that is, the front surface of the partition member 123, and the first substrate The electrophoretic display medium 100 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the pressing jig 700 designed so that the gap 250 with the 110 was 25 μm and the gap 250 in the substrate placement step was 20 μm was used. The display liquid 300 could be uniformly filled between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. Furthermore, when the thus produced electrophoretic display medium 100 was leaned against and evaluated for display, no unevenness occurred. After this, the display was evaluated again after standing for 1 week. As a result, uneven display occurred.

  Next, Comparative Example 3 of the present invention will be described. When the first substrate 110 is placed on the frame member 130, the height of the frame member 130 is 23 μm, the height of the partition member 123 is 20 μm, that is, the front surface of the partition member 123, and the first substrate When the electrophoretic display medium 100 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the gap 250 with respect to 110 was 3 μm and the average particle diameter of the charged particles 305 dispersed in the display liquid 300 was 0.7 μm, the electrophoretic display medium 100 was uniformly formed. The display liquid 300 could not be filled between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120.

  Next, Comparative Example 4 of the present invention will be described. When the first substrate 110 is placed on the frame member 130, the height of the frame member 130 is 30 μm, the height of the partition member 123 is 20 μm, that is, the front surface of the partition member 123, and the first substrate The pressing jig 700 is designed so that the gap 250 with respect to 110 is 10 μm, the average particle diameter of the charged particles 305 dispersed in the display liquid 300 is 0.7 μm, and the gap 250 in the substrate placement step is 5 μm. The electrophoretic display medium 100 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the display liquid 300 was uniformly filled between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. Furthermore, when the thus produced electrophoretic display medium 100 was leaned against and evaluated for display, no unevenness occurred. After this, the display was evaluated again after standing for 1 week. As a result, uneven display occurred.

  Next, Comparative Example 5 of the present invention will be described. When the first substrate 110 is placed on the frame member 130, the height of the frame member 130 is 70 μm, the height of the partition member 123 is 20 μm, that is, the front surface of the partition member 123, and the first substrate 110 except that the pressing jig 700 designed so that the gap 250 between the substrate 110 and the display liquid 300 is 50 μm, the average particle diameter of the charged particles 305 dispersed in the display liquid 300 is 8 μm, and the gap 250 in the substrate placement step is 45 μm. Produced the electrophoretic display medium 100 in the same manner as in Example 1, and was able to uniformly fill the display liquid 300 between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. Furthermore, when the thus produced electrophoretic display medium 100 was leaned against and evaluated for display, no unevenness occurred. After this, the display was evaluated again after standing for 1 week. As a result, uneven display occurred.

  A table showing the above results is shown in FIG. If the gap 250 is 5 times or less of the average particle diameter of the charged particles 305, it becomes difficult to uniformly fill the display liquid, and unevenness can be suppressed. It can be seen that when the average particle diameter of 305 is 5 times or less, an effect of suppressing the movement of the charged particles 305 between the compartments is produced.

  Further, when the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are arranged, even if the charged particles 305 are on the partition member 123, the distance between the substrates is not longer than a predetermined distance. It is desirable that the gap 250 in the substrate placement step be at least 1 times the average particle diameter. This is because if the distance of the gap 250 is partially different, the intensity of the electric field applied to the charged particles 305 is partially different, resulting in unevenness.

  Therefore, it is desirable that the gap 250 in the substrate placement step is 1 to 5 times the average particle diameter of the charged particles 305.

  In the above description, for the sake of simplicity, the electrophoretic display medium 100 has been described as a very small display medium having 54 pixels of 9 rows × 6 columns. However, the electrophoretic display medium according to the present invention is represented by this number. It is not limited to.

  In the above-described embodiment, it has been described that the tip of the partition member 123 does not have a portion in contact with the first substrate 110. However, the contact member 124 that partially contacts the first substrate 110 is provided at the tip of the partition member 123. Alternatively, the second substrate 120 may be used. 10 and 11 are perspective views of an example of the partition member 123 provided with the contact body 124.

  As shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of columnar columns may be provided on the partition member 123 at predetermined intervals as the contact body 124, or thin plate-shaped columns as illustrated in FIG. It may be provided on the partition member 123.

  Since these contact bodies 124 are seen from the case where the partition member 123 and the contact body 124 are viewed from the display surface side, the size of the tip of the contact body 124 is smaller than the size of the tip of the partition member 123. It is difficult for the charged particles 305 to get on the tip of the contact body 124.

  When viewed from the vertical direction of the display surface, the contact body 124 has a shape other than that shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 if the size of the tip of the contact body 124 is smaller than the size of the tip of the partition member 123. May be.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 12, an oscillation unit 900 that vibrates the hot plate 600 is provided in contact with the hot plate 600, and the oscillation unit is driven when the first substrate 110 is brought close to the second substrate 120 in the above-described embodiment. By doing so, the first substrate 110 or the second substrate 120 may be brought closer to each other while applying vibration. When arranged while applying vibration, the charged particles 305 that have been placed on the tip of the partition member 123 or the contact body 124 when the display liquid 300 is filled are likely to fall from the tip.

  The contact body 124 may contact the first substrate 110 or the second substrate 120 through the charged particles 305 in one step.

  Moreover, although the 2nd board | substrate 120 demonstrated as what has the division member 123 in the above-mentioned Example, the 1st board | substrate 110 may have the division member 123, and the 1st board | substrate 110, the 2nd board | substrate 120, and Both of them may have a partition member 123. Here, the second substrate 120 has the partition member 123. The second substrate 120 may be formed integrally with the partition member 123, or the second substrate 120 simply has the partition member 123 mounted thereon. But it ’s okay.

  In the above-described embodiments, the charged particles 305 are described as spherical. However, there are electrophoretic display media using particles that are not spherical, such as a plate shape. The optimum gap 250 may be set as appropriate according to the characteristics and the like.

  In the above-described embodiment, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are fixed with the epoxy adhesive 140. However, as a fixing method, other means such as a bolt, a formwork, and a clip may be used.

  In the first embodiment described above, the frame member 130 is described as being made of thermoplastic resin. However, the frame member 130 is made of an elastic body such as rubber so that the pressing jig 700 can be operated in two stages. After the pressing jig 700 is operated in one stage to press the first substrate 110 toward the second substrate 120, the display liquid 300 is filled between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120, and the second substrate 120 is pressed. The fixing member 140 may be arranged and fixed around the frame member after the pressing jig 700 is operated in stages to set the gap 250 to a predetermined interval.

  In the above-described embodiments, the frame member 130 is described as being a thermoplastic resin. However, when the substrate is placed with the frame member 130 made of a thermosetting resin having a high viscosity or a semi-cured state, a pressing jig is used. After pressing the first substrate 110 to the second substrate 120 side in 700, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 may be fixed by heating the frame member 130 of the thermosetting resin.

  In the above-described embodiment, the frame member 130 is described as being made of a thermoplastic resin. However, when the substrate is placed with the frame member 130 being a photocurable resin, the first substrate 110 is moved by the pressing jig 700. After pressing against the second substrate 120 side, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 may be fixed by irradiating the photocurable resin frame member 130 with a light beam.

  Further, among the above-mentioned photocurable resins, it is more preferable to use an ultraviolet curable resin because the curing time is short.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electrophoretic display medium 100 viewed from the display surface side. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the electrophoretic display medium 100 taken along the line AA. The perspective view of the division member 123. FIG. Sectional drawing of the 1st board | substrate 110 and the 2nd board | substrate 120. FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a first substrate 110 placed on a frame member 130. Schematic which shows filling of the display liquid 300. FIG. The figure which shows the relationship between the average particle diameter of the charged particle 305, and the clearance gap L. FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the electrophoretic display medium 100 after moving the first substrate 110. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an electrophoretic display medium 100 manufactured by the manufacturing method of Example 1. FIG. The perspective view of the division member 123 in which the cylindrical contact body 124 was formed. The perspective view of the division member 123 in which the plate-shaped contact body 124 was formed. The figure which shows the oscillation part 900 provided in contact with the hot plate 600. FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the electrophoretic display medium 100 taken along the line CC. Schematic which shows the process of arrangement | positioning with the 1st board | substrate 110 of the manufacturing method of Example 2, and the 2nd board | substrate 120. FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a process of removing excess display liquid 300 in the manufacturing method of Example 2.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Electrophoretic display medium 110 1st board | substrate 111 1st electrode 112 protective film 120 2nd board | substrate 121 2nd electrode 122 protective film 123 Partition member 124 Contact body 130 Frame member 140 Fixing member 200 Liquid chamber 300 Display liquid 305 Charged particle 310 White particle 320 Black particle 401 Injection port 402 Discharge port 450 Sealant 501 Injection device 502 Discharge device 600 Hot plate 700 Pressing jig 800 Vacuum pump 810 Intake valve 820 Exhaust valve 850 Vacuum vessel 900 Oscillator

Claims (27)

At least one of the pair of substrates having a partition member is provided, and a liquid chamber partitioned by the pair of substrates and the partition member is filled with a display liquid composed of charged particles and a dispersion medium for dispersing the charged particles. In the method for producing an electrophoretic display medium,
A first facing surface that is a surface facing the other substrate or the partitioning member of the other substrate, and a surface of the other substrate facing the first facing surface or the other of the partitioning members provided on at least one substrate A display liquid disposing step of disposing a display liquid on at least one of the substrates in a state where the distance from the second facing surface which is the surface of the partition member of the substrate is more than a predetermined distance;
After the display liquid disposing step, the pair of substrates is disposed so that the distance between the first facing surface and the second facing surface is the predetermined distance as a distance that the charged particles cannot freely pass through. A substrate placement process,
An electrophoretic display medium manufacturing method comprising: a fixing step of fixing the pair of substrates arranged in the substrate arrangement step. The charged particles are substantially spherical;
2. The electrophoresis according to claim 1, wherein, in the substrate placement step, the pair of substrates is placed so that the predetermined distance is not more than five times an average particle diameter of the charged particles and is the predetermined distance. A method for manufacturing a display medium.   In the substrate placement step, the predetermined distance is generated from an electric field generated by a voltage applied to the electrodes even if the charged particles exist between the partition member of one substrate and the partition member of the other substrate or the other substrate. 3. The pair of substrates are arranged such that the force applied to the charged particles in the liquid chamber is a distance at which the force is substantially the same, and the predetermined distance is set. 2. A method for producing an electrophoretic display medium according to 1. The charged particles are substantially spherical;
4. The electrophoresis according to claim 3, wherein, in the substrate arranging step, the pair of substrates are arranged such that the predetermined distance is equal to or larger than an average particle diameter of the charged particles and is the predetermined distance. A method for manufacturing a display medium.   5. The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 1, wherein in the display liquid disposing step, the display liquid is filled between the pair of substrates with the pair of substrates facing each other. Production method. An abutting body is installed on the partition member provided on at least one substrate or at least one substrate,
2. The substrate placement step, wherein a contact body placed on one of the substrates or the partition member of one substrate is in contact with the other substrate or the partition member of the other substrate. 6. A method for producing an electrophoretic display medium according to any one of 5 above.   The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 6, wherein when the partition member and the contact body are viewed from a specific direction, a size of a tip of the contact body is smaller than a size of a tip of the partition member. Manufacturing method.   The method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 1, wherein, in the substrate arranging step, the pair of substrates are arranged while applying vibration to the pair of substrates. A frame member arranging step of arranging a frame member made of a thermoplastic resin or a stimulus curable resin on at least one of the substrates so as to surround a display area for displaying an image;
An inlet for filling the display liquid is formed in at least one of the pair of substrates or the frame member,
In the display liquid disposing step, the display liquid is filled between the pair of substrates from the injection port in a state where the distance between the first facing surface and the second facing surface is separated from the predetermined distance.
In the substrate placement step, at least one of the substrates is moved closer to the other substrate, the height of the frame member is reduced, and the pair of substrates is placed,
The method for producing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 5, further comprising a sealing step of sealing the injection port after the fixing step. A frame member disposing step of disposing a frame member made of a stimulus curable resin or a thermoplastic resin so as to surround a periphery of a display region for displaying an image on at least one substrate;
At least one of the pair of substrates or the frame member is formed with an inlet and an outlet for filling the display liquid,
In the display liquid disposing step, the display liquid is filled between the pair of substrates from the injection port in a state where the distance between the first facing surface and the second facing surface is separated from the predetermined distance. Discharging the surplus display liquid from the outlet;
In the substrate placement step, at least one of the substrates is moved closer to the other substrate, the height of the frame member is reduced, and the pair of substrates is placed,
The method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 5, further comprising a sealing step of sealing the inlet and the outlet after the fixing step.   11. The method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 9, wherein the frame member is in an elastic state in the substrate arranging step. In the frame member arranging step, the frame member that is a thermoplastic resin is arranged,
In the substrate placement step, while heating and softening the frame member, the pair of substrates is placed by moving at least one of the substrates closer to the other substrate,
11. The method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 9, wherein in the fixing step, the frame member is cooled to fix a distance between the pair of substrates. In the frame member arrangement step, the frame member that is a thermosetting resin that is cured by stimulation by heating is arranged,
11. The method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 9, wherein, in the fixing step, the distance between the pair of substrates is fixed by heating and curing the frame member. In the frame member arranging step, the frame member that is a photo-curable resin that is cured by stimulation with light is arranged,
11. The method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 9, wherein, in the fixing step, the frame member is cured by light irradiation to fix the pair of substrates.   The method for producing an electrophoretic display medium according to claim 14, wherein the photocurable resin is an ultraviolet curable resin that is cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays. At least one of the pair of substrates having a partition member is provided, and a liquid chamber partitioned by the pair of substrates and the partition member is filled with a display liquid composed of charged particles and a dispersion medium for dispersing the charged particles. In the electrophoretic display medium,
A first facing surface that is a surface facing the other substrate or the partitioning member of the other substrate in the partitioning member provided on at least one substrate, and a surface of the other substrate facing the first facing surface or the other surface A display liquid disposing step of disposing a display liquid on at least one of the substrates in a state in which the distance from the second facing surface that is the surface of the partition member of the substrate is more than a predetermined distance;
Substrate arrangement for arranging the pair of substrates so that the distance between the first facing surface and the second facing surface is a predetermined distance at which the charged particles cannot freely pass after the display liquid placing step. Process,
An electrophoretic display medium produced by a method for producing an electrophoretic display medium comprising a fixing step of fixing the pair of substrates arranged in the substrate arranging step. A pair of substrates having a partition member at least one of them is provided, and a liquid chamber formed by the pair of substrates and the partition member is filled with a display liquid composed of charged particles and a dispersion medium for dispersing the charged particles. In the electrophoretic display medium,
A first facing surface facing the other substrate or the partitioning member of the other substrate in the partitioning member provided on one substrate, a surface of the other substrate facing the first facing surface, or a partitioning member of the other substrate An electrophoretic display medium in which the pair of substrates are arranged with a distance from a second facing surface, which is a surface of the substrate, separated by the predetermined distance as a distance through which the charged particles cannot freely pass. The charged particles are substantially spherical;
The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 17, wherein the predetermined distance is 5 times or less of an average particle diameter of the charged particles.   Even if the charged particles exist between the partition member of one substrate and the partition member of the other substrate or the other substrate, the charged particles in the liquid chamber from the electric field generated by the voltage applied to the electrode. 19. The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 17, wherein the electrophoretic display medium is a distance at which the forces applied to are substantially the same. The charged particles are substantially spherical;
The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 19, wherein the predetermined distance is one or more times an average particle diameter of the charged particles.   21. The contact member according to claim 17, further comprising an abutting body provided at at least a part of a tip of the partition member of the one substrate and in contact with the other substrate or the partition member of the other substrate. The electrophoretic display medium described in 1.   The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 21, wherein the size of the tip of the contact body is smaller than the size of the tip of the partition member when the partition member and the contact body are viewed from a specific direction.   A frame member made of a thermoplastic resin or a stimulus curable resin is provided between the pair of substrates so as to be in close contact with the pair of substrates and surrounds a display area for displaying an image. The electrophoretic display medium according to any one of claims 17 to 22.   The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 23, wherein the frame member is a thermoplastic resin.   24. The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 23, wherein the frame member is a thermosetting resin that is cured by stimulation by heating.   24. The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 23, wherein the frame member is a photocurable resin that is cured by stimulation with light.   27. The electrophoretic display medium according to claim 26, wherein the photocurable resin is an ultraviolet curable resin that is cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays.

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