JP2007098298A - Coarse sorting apparatus of waste - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a coarse sorting apparatus of waste surely sorting corresponding to the size of waste by applying vibration to a belt, with simple structure. <P>SOLUTION: This coarse sorting apparatus of waste has a conveyer device 100 having a circulatingly moving belt 10 provided with multiple protrusions 14 on an outer surface thereof, and the conveyer device 100 is tiltedly provided so that the outer surface of the belt 10 for charging waste P moves from a lower part to an upper part. The apparatus is provided with a single or multiple vibrating rollers 15 extended in the width direction of the belt 10, having protrusions 152 formed on the surfaces, and the rollers are rotatably installed with the surfaces pressed to the reverse face of the waste charging side of the belt 10. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  According to the present invention, various types of waste such as plastic containers such as beverage containers, food containers, and daily necessities, food residues, construction wastes, wooden wastes, fibers, rubber, glass, metals, and ceramic scraps are selected according to the size. The present invention relates to a rough sorting device for sorting waste.

  Conventionally, from plastic waste, plastic bags, plastic bottles, etc., to waste plastic bottles, empty cans, empty bottles, etc. A waste separation device for separation has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). This conventional waste separation apparatus has a belt conveyor in which an endless belt having spike-like projections formed on the entire outer surface thereof circulates, and is used in a state where the belt conveyor is inclined. Waste containing a mixture of recyclable garbage such as empty PET bottles, empty cans and empty bottles, and plastic films such as plastic bags is placed on an endless belt that is circulated so that the exposed spike-like protrusions are directed upward from below. Then, the empty PET bottles, empty cans, and empty bottles roll down along the endless belt due to the inclination of the belt conveyor, while the plastic film such as a plastic bag is caught by the spike-like protrusions and conveyed upward. And the plastic film conveyed to the upper end of the belt conveyor falls from the upper end by the circulating motion of the endless belt. Thereby, the resource garbage and the plastic film can be separated from the waste in which the resource garbage such as an empty plastic bottle, empty can and empty bottle and the plastic film such as a plastic bag are mixed.

  Further, in the waste separator, the endless belt is continuously hit to ensure that the empty PET bottle, empty can, empty bottle, etc. are rolled and dropped downward along the endless belt without being caught by the spike-like protrusion. An additional striking device is provided. By continuously applying vibration to the endless belt by this striking device, an empty can or the like temporarily caught on the spike-like protrusion is surely rolled and dropped below the endless belt by the vibration.

  By the way, the mechanism of the waste separation device as described above is to dispose of plastic containers such as beverage containers, food containers and daily necessities, food residues, construction waste materials, wooden wastes, fibers, rubber, glass, metals, ceramics, etc. The present invention can be applied to a waste sorting apparatus that roughly sorts waste pieces obtained by crushing a matter according to its size and the like. In this case, a relatively large waste piece is caught by the spike-like protrusion and conveyed to the upper end of the belt conveyor, while a relatively small waste piece falls to the lower end of the belt conveyor without being caught by the spike-like protrusion. Thereby, it becomes possible to roughly sort the crushed waste pieces according to their sizes.

In the coarse waste sorting apparatus described above, if vibration is applied to the endless belt by the vibration device such as the striking device, relatively large waste pieces and relatively small waste pieces are more reliably sorted. Will be able to.
JP-A-9-85179

  However, in the waste sorting apparatus, it is necessary to provide a vibration device that requires a separate power source in order to more reliably sort relatively large waste pieces and relatively small waste pieces. The structure becomes complicated and the cost increases.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and is a rough structure of waste that can be reliably selected according to the size of the waste by applying vibration to the belt with a simple structure. A sorting device is provided.

  The waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention is such that a conveyor device in which a belt provided with a plurality of protrusions circulates on the outer surface is arranged such that the outer surface on which the waste of the belt is charged is directed from the bottom to the top. A waste sorting apparatus that is inclined to move, and extends in the width direction of the belt, has a protrusion formed on a surface thereof, and is disposed on a surface of the belt opposite to the side on which the waste is charged. The surface has one or a plurality of vibration rollers installed so that the surface is pressed to be rotatable.

  With such a configuration, when the belt of the conveyor device circulates, one or a plurality of vibration rollers that press the surface on which the protrusion is formed on the opposite surface of the belt to which the waste is charged are the belt. It is rotated with the movement. The belt moving in contact with each rotating vibration roller is vibrated by the unevenness of the surface on which the protrusion of each vibration roller is formed. When waste is thrown into the belt that circulates in a state where vibration is applied in this way, a relatively large waste piece is caught by a protrusion provided on the outer surface of the belt and conveyed to the upper end of the conveyor device. Thus, a relatively small waste piece falls down without being caught by the protrusion. Even if the relatively small waste pieces are temporarily caught on the protrusions of the belt, the waste pieces reliably fall below the belt due to vibrations applied to the belt by the respective excitation rollers.

  Also, in the waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the one or more vibration rollers include at least one vibration roller having a plurality of protrusions arranged on a surface thereof in a circumferential direction thereof. can do.

  With such a configuration, when the vibration roller rotates with the movement of the belt, vibration corresponding to the number and shape of the plurality of protrusions arranged in the circumferential direction on the surface of the vibration roller is applied to the belt. .

  In the waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the one or more vibration rollers include a roller main body and one or a plurality of pillars provided on an outer surface of the roller main body and extending in the direction of the rotation axis. It can be set as the structure which has.

  With such a configuration, the vibration roller is formed by providing one or a plurality of pillars extending in the rotation axis direction on the outer surface of the roller body, so that the vibration roller can be relatively easily manufactured. Will be able to.

  Further, in the waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention, a plurality of vibration rollers are arranged at predetermined intervals so that the surface is pressed against the surface of the belt opposite to the side where the waste is introduced. It can be configured.

  With such a configuration, various vibrations can be applied to the belt by the rotation of the plurality of vibration rollers.

  According to the waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the belt can be vibrated by the rotation of the vibration roller that rotates as the circulating belt moves. By virtue of the structure, the belt can be vibrated so that sorting according to the size of the waste can be performed reliably.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  A waste sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is configured as shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 1, the waste sorting apparatus includes a conveyor device 100 and an elevator 200 for changing the inclination angle of the conveyor device 100. The elevator 200 is composed of a cylinder or the like, and is configured to move up and down a predetermined position in front of the outer casing 20 of the conveyor apparatus 100 so that the rear end portion of the outer casing 20 is rotatably supported (not shown). The inclination angle of the apparatus 100 is changed. In addition, it can replace with the elevator 200 comprised by the cylinder etc. which were mentioned above, and can also use the rotation mechanism which used the motor etc. as the motive power source.

  The conveyor device 100 has an endless belt 10. The endless belt 10 is wound around a driving roller 11 and a driven roller 12 that are rotatably supported at both ends of both side panels 20a and 20b of the outer casing 20, respectively. Power is transmitted to the driving roller 11 from a power source (for example, a motor) (not shown), and the endless belt 10 is circulated by rotation of the driving roller 11. The conveyor device 100 is inclined at a predetermined angle by the elevator 200 described above so that the driving roller 11 is positioned above and the driven roller is positioned below. The driving roller 11 rotates so that the outer surface of the endless belt 10 into which the waste piece P is thrown moves from bottom to top (direction A).

  Waves 10a and 10b are fixed to both sides of the outer surface of the endless belt 10 (see FIGS. 4 and 5 to be described later). The wave bars 10a and 10b are fixed together with the endless belt 10. Is designed to circulate. A plurality of attachment bars 13 extending in the width direction of the endless belt 10 are arranged and fixed at predetermined intervals between the wave bars 10 a and 10 b on the outer surface of the endless belt 10. A plurality of protrusions 14 arranged at predetermined intervals are attached to each attachment bar 13. Each mounting bar 13 has a surface that faces the moving direction A (see FIG. 1) of the endless belt 10 and a surface on the opposite side of the endless belt 10 to incline the waste pieces described later as much as possible.

  On the inner side of the endless belt 10, a plurality of vibration rollers 15 having protrusions on the surface are arranged at a predetermined interval. Each vibration roller 15 is freely rotatable on both side panels 20a and 20b of the external housing 20 so that the surface of the vibration roller 15 is pressed against the surface of the endless belt 10 opposite to the surface on which the waste piece P is put. It is supported by.

  As shown in FIG. 2, each vibration roller 15 includes a roller main body 151 and two column bodies 152 extending in the rotation axis direction of the roller main body 151. The roller body 151 and each column body 152 are made of metal, for example, and each column body 152 is joined to the outer surface of the roller body 151 by welding or the like, and the projection of the vibration roller 15 is formed by each of the column bodies 152. The The two columnar bodies 152 are arranged so as to face each other on the outer surface of the roller body 151. Of course, each vibration roller 15 can be formed of a material other than metal.

  In the waste sorting apparatus having the structure as described above, when the endless belt 10 of the conveyor device 100 circulates, the surface of the endless belt 10 opposite to the surface on which the waste pieces P are charged (hereinafter referred to as the surface). The plurality of vibration rollers 15 whose front surfaces on which the protrusions (column bodies 152) are pressed are rotated as the endless belt 10 moves. The endless belt 10 that moves in contact with the rotating vibration rollers 15 is vibrated by the unevenness of the surface on which the protrusions (column bodies 152) of the vibration rollers 15 are formed. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, in a state where the column body 152 of each vibration roller 15 is pressed against the back surface of the endless belt 10, the endless belt 10 is lifted, and FIG. As shown, in a state where the surface of the main body roller 151 of each vibration roller 15 is pressed against the back surface of the endless belt 10, the lifted endless belt 10 is lowered. Such movement causes vibration to the endless belt 10.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3C, when the rotational phase of each vibration roller 15 is shifted, the portion pressed against the back surface of the endless belt 10 by each vibration roller 15 is shifted. Will wave. As a result, each protrusion 14 standing on the outer surface of the endless belt 10 is shaken.

  In this way, the vibration pieces 15 are vibrated by the rotation of the respective excitation rollers 15, and the waste pieces P crushed into various sizes are thrown into the endless belt 10 that circulates in a state where the projections 14 are shaken. Then, the relatively large waste piece P1 is caught by the protrusion 14 and conveyed to the upper end portion of the conveyor device 100, and falls from the upper end portion. On the other hand, the relatively small waste piece P <b> 2 moves downward without being caught by the protrusion 14 and falls from the lower end of the conveyor device 100. Even if the relatively small waste piece P2 is temporarily caught on the protrusion 14, the endless belt 10 is surely affected by the vibration applied to the endless belt 10 by the vibration rollers 15 and the vibration of the protrusion 14 described above. Will fall down below.

  In this way, relatively large waste pieces P1 are collected on the upper end side (downstream side) of the conveyor device 100, and relatively small waste pieces P2 are collected on the lower end side (upstream side) of the conveyor device 100. That is, the waste piece P is sorted according to its size. In addition, the relatively large waste piece P can be crushed again, and the waste piece P obtained by the re-crushing can be reintroduced into the conveyor device 100. In this case, the waste pieces reduced by re-crushing are collected on the lower end side of the conveyor device 100 as described above. As a result, a uniform waste piece having a relatively small size can be obtained, and the waste piece can be easily processed in the next step.

  According to the above-described waste sorting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of vibration rollers 15 having protrusions (columns 152) formed on the surface thereof are pressed against the back surface of the endless belt 10, and the endless belt 10 is pressed. Because the plurality of vibration rollers 15 that vibrate in accordance with the movement of the endless belt vibrates the endless belt, and the plurality of protrusions 14 erected on the outer surface of the endless belt 10 swing. Without providing a separate power source, the endless belt 10 into which the waste piece P is put can be vibrated. As a result, the endless belt 10 can be vibrated with a simple structure, and sorting according to the size of the waste pieces can be reliably performed.

  In addition, the arrangement | sequence aspect (arrangement of the width direction and longitudinal direction of the endless belt 10) of the some protrusion 14 provided in the outer surface of the endless belt 10 should be suitably set according to the magnitude | size of the waste piece which should be classify | selected. Can do. For example, the plurality of protrusions 14 may be randomly arranged on the outer surface of the endless belt 10, or the plurality of protrusions 14 may be disposed on the straight lines L 1, L 2, L 3 extending in the longitudinal direction of the endless belt 10 as shown in FIG. Can be arranged regularly. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5, the attachment position of the width direction of each protrusion 14 in each attachment bar 13 can also be shifted every other (a plurality may be sufficient). In the case shown in FIG. 5, the mounting bar 13 in which the protrusions 14 are arranged at predetermined intervals on the straight lines L1, L3 and L5 extending in the longitudinal direction of the endless belt 10, and the straight line L2 between the straight lines L1 and L3, The longitudinal direction of the endless belt 10 includes every other mounting bar 13 in which the protrusions 14 are arranged at predetermined intervals on the straight line L4 between the straight lines L3 and L5 and on the straight line L6 between the straight line L5 and the wave bridge 10a. Is arranged.

  As shown in FIG. 2, each vibration roller 15 is not limited to one in which two column bodies 152 are joined to the outer surface of the roller body 151 to form a protrusion, and one or three or more column bodies are formed. 152 may be bonded to the outer surface of the roller 151. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the column body 152 can be determined as appropriate. Further, the protrusion (column body 152) does not extend in the entire rotation axis direction of the roller body 151, but may be a protrusion that partially extends in the rotation axis direction of the roller body 15. Furthermore, the plurality of vibration rollers 15 arranged inside the endless belt 10 do not have to have the same shape, and the shape of the protrusion of each vibration roller 15 can be changed. Further, the protrusion of the vibration roller 15 may be any protrusion that acts as a protrusion on the cylinder (roller), and a roller body having a cross-sectional shape of an ellipse, a polygon such as a triangle or a rectangle is used as the vibration roller. You can also. Further, depending on the length of the endless belt 10 or the degree of non-uniformity of the size of the waste pieces after being crushed, the endless belt 10 may be simply vibrated by the single vibration roller 15.

  In the example described above, the conveyor device 100 is a so-called belt conveyor using the endless belt 10, but may be an apron conveyor. In this case, the whole of the plurality of transport bodies arranged endlessly in a belt shape becomes the belt in the present invention.

  In addition, the above-mentioned rough sorting device for wastes can be used to collect plastic waste materials such as beverage containers, food containers, and daily necessities, food residues, construction waste materials, wooden waste materials, textiles, rubber, glass, metals, and ceramics. The waste pieces obtained by crushing were sorted according to their size, but the type of waste to be sorted is not particularly limited, and as in the past, empty PET bottles, empty cans, empty bottles It can also be used as a device for separating plastic waste such as plastic bags from plastic waste such as empty plastic bottles, empty cans, empty bottles, etc. it can. In addition, it becomes easy to sort out paper pieces, plastic film pieces, wood pieces, etc. that are relatively easily caught on the protrusions 14 formed on the endless belt 10 from other waste pieces (metal can pieces, metal piece pieces, etc.), for example, It can also be used for pretreatment (rough sorting) when taking out raw materials such as RPF (Refuse Paper and Plastic Fuel) and RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel).

  As described above, the waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention has an effect that the sorting according to the size of the waste can be reliably performed by applying vibration to the belt with a simple structure, Plastic waste such as beverage containers, food containers, daily necessities, food residues, building waste, wood waste, fiber, rubber, glass, metal, ceramic waste, etc. It is useful as a rough sorting device.

It is a perspective view which shows the rough sorting apparatus of the waste which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the specific structure of a vibration roller. It is a figure which shows the state of the vibration given to an endless belt by a vibration roller, and the state of the shaking of a protrusion. It is the top view (a), side view (b), and front view (c) which show the example of an arrangement | sequence of the some protrusion body standingly arranged by the outer surface of an endless belt. It is the top view (a), side view (b), and front view (c) which show the other example of arrangement | sequence of the some protrusion body standingly arranged by the outer surface of an endless belt.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Endless belt 10a, 10b Wave bar 11 Driving roller 12 Driven roller 13 Mounting bar 14 Protruding column 15 Excitation roller 151 Roller body 152 Column body

Claims (4)

A conveyor device in which a belt provided with a plurality of protrusions on the outer surface circulates is arranged so that the waste surface of the belt is inclined so that the outer surface into which the waste is charged moves from bottom to top. A sorting device,
One or a plurality of belts that extend in the width direction of the belt, have protrusions formed on the surface, and are set so as to be rotatable by pressing the surface against the surface of the belt opposite to the side where the waste is introduced. A waste sorting apparatus characterized by having a vibrating roller.   2. The waste sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the one or more vibration rollers include at least one vibration roller having a plurality of protrusions arranged on a surface thereof in a circumferential direction. .   3. The one or more vibration rollers include a roller main body and one or a plurality of pillars provided on an outer surface of the roller main body and extending in the rotation axis direction. Rough waste sorting equipment. 4. The vibration roller according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of vibration rollers are arranged at a predetermined interval so that a surface of the belt is pressed against a surface of the belt opposite to the side where the waste is introduced. A rough sorting device for waste as described in 1.

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