JP2006311605A - 対話型情報サービス制御システム - Google Patents
対話型情報サービス制御システム Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】要求された対話型サービスが、対話型デジタルサービスに専用の広帯域伝送網(128)の帯域幅の部分により、サービス提供者(20)から伝送される。ビデオセッション接続(VSC)(40)が、対話型プログラムが顧客へ設けられる時間中、セットトップ端末(30)とビデオセッション提供者(20)の間の対話型セッションを開設及び維持するために設けられる。セットトップ端末(30)とサービス提供者(20)は、顧客の家庭への伝送媒体の帯域幅内の両方向信号パスを介してビデオセッション接続を確立する。
【選択図】図2
Description
第1図は、発明によるデジタル情報分布システム10の構成要素のブロック図である。第2図に関して以下にさらに詳細に記載される如く、デジタル情報分布システム10は、サービス提供者(SP)20から圧縮デジタルビデオデータの如くデータが、顧客への提示のために、広帯域伝送網で、顧客のセットトップ端末(STT)30へ伝送される機構を設ける。例えば、ビデオサービスの場合に、受信情報は、顧客のテレビジョンにおいて表示される。発明により、双方向通信パスがまた、接続管理コンピュータ(CMC)40によって、SP20とSTT30の間に確立及び維持される。発明のシステムのこの部分は、SP20とSTT30の間の要求情報サービスデータの通信を可能にする情報セッション接続と呼ばれる。また、第1図において示された如く、デマルチプレクサー/変調器50が、CMC40の制御下で、圧縮された広帯域デジタル情報サービスデータを複数の6MHzテレビジョンチャンネルに変換するために設けられ、顧客のSTT30を介して、顧客のテレビジョンへ提供する。
発明によるデジタル情報分布システム10の好ましい実施態様が、第2図に関して記載される。それから、それぞれのインターフェースが、詳細に記載される。最後に、サンプルシステムコマンドメッセージとサンプルセッションが、発明のシステムの動作をより良く示すために記載される。
1.STT対SP逆方向パス信号インターフェース
上記の如く、双方向信号パスが、発明により、SP20とSTT30の間に設けられる。この節は、STT30(L2)とヘッドエンド112(L1)の間のインターフェースを記載する。上記の如く、ヘッドエンド112とSP20の間の順方向及び逆方向パス信号は、公知のイーサネット(登録商標)プロトコル(IEEE802.3)を使用し、ここでは詳細には記載されない。
スロットALOHA信号方式は、信号リンク103へアクセスする異なるSTT30の間の競合を管理するために、発明により使用される。特に、スロットALOHAは、信号リンクへの初期アクセスが要求される時、STT30に対して即時チャンネル分配を設けることにより、顧客のSTT30とヘッドエンド112の間のシグナリングのために使用される。スロットALOHA技術は、信号チャンネルへ等しいアクセスを有する複数の顧客に対して使用される。同時伝送が発生することがありうるために、スロットALOHA技術は、同時伝送が発生する時、信号スループットの導出を設ける。
STT30が、上記のスロットALOHA信号技術を使用して、SP20とのセッションを確立した後、STT30は、上記の如く一つ以上のQPSK復調器122を含むTDMA上流アプリケーション信号又は「パススルー」リンクにより、SP20と通信する。パススルーリンクにより送信されたメッセージは、インターネットプロトコル(IP)の如く公知のプロトコルにおいて包含される。システム負荷により、一つを超えるTDMAデータストリームがある。CMC40は、広帯域スペクトルにおいてどこで、そのTDMAチャンネルに対して同調させるかを、STT30に指示し、データストリームにおけるタイムスロットの分配をSTT30に割り当てる。第4図は、同一の上流通信リンクに接続された複数のSTT30が、TDMAタイムスロット分配を使用して、上流のSP20と通信する方法の例を示す。
上記の如く、QPSK変調は、発明により、STT30とSP20との伝送のための有線又は光ファイバー伝送リンクでのデジタル情報を符号化する手段として使用される。発明の好ましい実施態様により、オフセット4相シフトキーイング(O−QPSK)が、増大した誤差性能、スペクトル効率、及び平均以上のパワーレベルにおける伝送能力により使用される。具体的に、QPSKは、デジタル位相変調の4レベル使用である。直角位相信号表現は、ゼロ開始位相と余弦波と正弦波の線形結合として、任意の位相正弦波形を表現するものである。QPSKは、直角位相信号の線形結合として位相シフトキーイング(PSK)信号を発生する。実現のために、ベースバンド信号におけるレベルに正比例して搬送波位相シフトを生成する装置が必要とされる。ベースバンド信号は、QPSKを生成するために直接に変調される。同相(I)信号と位相はずれ(Q)信号の2つの多重レベルベースバンド信号が、確立される必要がある。2つのベースバンド信号に対して選ばれたレベルは、I及びQ信号の線形結合として、PSK信号を表現するために必要とされた係数に対応する。QPSK変調器は、ビットが、同相変調器(I)と位相はずれ変調器(Q)に交互に送信される如く、入りビットストリームを分割する。これらの同一ビットストリームは、それらがシリアルビットストリームにインターリーブされる変調器において、それぞれの位相検波器の出力に現れる。
上記の如く、メッセージセルフォーマットは、STT30からヘッドエンド112への信号方式において使用される。このメッセージセルフォーマットは、第5図において示され、上記のスロットALOHA及びTDMA技術において使用される。好ましくは、各メッセージセルは、40ビットメッセージセルヘッダーと、384ビットメッセージペイロード領域(第5図)を有する。メッセージセルヘッダーは、好ましくは、パスアドレス、チャンネルアドレスとヘッダー誤り制御(HEC)オクテットを含む。HECは、好ましくは、全セルヘッダーを覆う。HEC値は、HECフィールドを除くヘッダーの内容を掛算した、生成多項式x3+x2+x+1によってヘッダーを除算(モジュロ2)した剰余を含む8ビットシーケンスである。この時、8ビット剰余は、ヘッダーのHECフィールドに挿入される前の所定のビットパターンと排他的論理和を取られる。
CMC40からQPSK変調器124と特定STT30への順方向パス信号方式は、2つの信号リンクを必要とする。即ち、イーサネット(登録商標)ペイロード領域におけるIPパケットを搬送するイーサネット(登録商標)信号リンクと、拡張スーパーフレーム(ESF)フォーマットにおいてフレーム化されるビットストリームを含むQPSK信号リンクである。ESFフレームのペイロード領域は、Bellcore
Document TR−TSV−000773,Issue 1,1991年6月においてDSIに対して指定された如く、物理層コンバージェンスプロトコル(PLCP)内の53オクテットメッセージセルのストリームを含む。QPSK信号リンクESFフレーム構造は、ビットストリームを、4632ビット拡張スーパーフレームに区分化する。各拡張スーパーフレームは、24,193ビットフレームから成り、この場合、各フレームは、一つのオーバーヘッドビットと、24オクテット(192ビット)のペイロードとから成る。24のフレームオーバーヘッドビットが、ESFにおいて設けられ、拡張スーパーフレームフレームアラインメント信号と、サイクリック冗長性検査と、データリンクビットとに分割される。ESFフレームアラインメント信号は、すべての24フレームとオーバーヘッドビット位置を合わせるために使用される。他方、サイクリック冗長性検査フィールドは、4632ビットの前拡張スーパーフレームメッセージブロックで計算されたCRC−6検査ビットを含む。検査ビットシーケンスは、好ましくは、x6による掛算と、CRCメッセージブロックの生成多項式x6+x+1による除算の後の剰余である。最後に、データリンクビット又はMビットは、QPSK線へのSTT30に対するタイムスロット情報を規定する基準フレームカウント値を表現する。フレームカウント値は、最初の10Mビット(M10−M1、M1は最下位ビット)において含まれ、M11は、最初の10Mビットで計算された奇数パリティービットを含み、M12は1にセットされる。このフレームカウント値は、ゼロ値ないし999値まで反復してカウントする。
発明による典型的なデジタル情報分布システム10において、サービス提供者(SP)20からヘッドエンド112へ伝達された情報は、一般に、ビデオ、音声、私用データ及び網制御データの組み合わせである。発明によりデジタルデータを伝達するためのSP20とヘッドエンド112の間のインターフェースは、好ましくは、物理層特性と、公知の同期光ネットワーク(SONET)トランスポートに合わせてモデル化された基礎ネットワークトランスポート構造を有する単向同期光ネットワーク(UNISON−1)を使用する。しかし、SONET標準への幾つかの修正が、以下に記載される発明により為された。好ましくは、デジタルデータの形式におけるサービス情報は、圧縮デジタルデータのMPEG−2システムトランスポートパケットのペイロードにおいて搬送される。
Bell Operating Companyから導出されたスペクトル3タイミング源から同期化される。
STS−3c SPEへ写像される。第8図に示された如く、パスオーバーヘッドは、次のフィールドから成る。B3は、パス誤り監視機能に対するビットインターリーブパリティーオクテット(BIP−8)である。C2は、STS SPEの構成と内容を指示するために分配される。H4は、次のMPEG−2システムトランスポートパケットエンベロープの開始の位置を指示する。そしてPOHオクテットの残部は、現在、未使用である。それから、MPEG−2システムトランスポートパケットは、第8図に示された如く、UNISON−1 STS−3cペイロードへ写像され、この場合、SPEペイロードは、予備(R)オクテット(現在未使用)、いろいろなビデオ、音声及び私用データを格納又は伝送のための単一又は多重ストリームへ組み合わせる188オクテットパケットを具備するMPEG−2システムトランスポートパケット、及び誤り訂正のためのリードソロモンパリティービット(P)から成る。
リードソロモンパリティービットは、好ましくは、先行するMPEG−2システムトランスポートパケット(188オクテット)により計算され、この場合、パリティー計算のために使用されたリードソロモン符号は、256のガロア体を発生するために、8ビットの記号サイズ(M)と多項式p(x)=x8+x7+x2+x+1を使用して実現される符号である。そのような技術は、技術における当業者には公知であると考えられる。
サービス情報をSTT30に伝達するために必要なヘッドエンド112とSTT30の間のインターフェースは、マルチレート伝達(MRT)フォーマットとともに、同軸ケーブルと通過帯域ネットワークトポロジーを使用する。好ましくは、情報は、直交振幅変調(QAM)技術を使用して、6MHzエンベロープにおいて伝達される。そのようなシステムにおいて、サービス情報は、MPEG−2システムトランスポートパケットを介して、MRT構造のペイロード領域において搬送される。
一般に、直交振幅変調(QAM)は、有線又はファイバー伝送リンクによりデジタル情報を符号化する手段として使用される。QAMは、振幅及び位相変調技術の組み合わせであり、位相変調の形式であるマルチフェーズ位相シフトキーイングの拡張である。技術における当業者には公知な如く、2つの間の主要差異は、QAMにおける一定エンベロープの欠如と位相シフトキーイング技術における一定エンベロープの存在である。QAMは、スペクトル効率に関するその性能のために、本発明において使用される。
上記のマルチレートトランスポート(MRT)フォーマットは、応用要求条件に誤り保護を整合させる手段を設けるための多様な伝送システムにおいて作動するように設計される。発明による好ましいフォーマットは、リードソロモン順方向誤り訂正(FEC)と二重オクテットインターリーブの組み合わせを使用し、ランダム及びバースト誤り保護を達成する。第9図に示された如く、MRTフォーマットは、好ましくは、上記の64−QAM変調を使用して、6MHzエンベロープへのFECによるMPEG−2システムトランスポートパケットのマッピングを具備する。
L1及びL2サービス境界でのSTT30とSP20の間の信号方式は、標準インーネットプロトコル(IP)を使用して、発明により達成される。このプロトコルにより、各STT30とSP20は、CMC40によってSTT30に割り当てられたIPアドレスへ写像された一意的な物理アドレスを有する。STT30は、好ましくは、5つのアドレスに関連する。即ち、物理アドレス(PA)、IPアドレス(IPA)、受信メッセージセルチャンネルID(MCCI)とメッセージセルパスID(MCPI)、送信メッセージセルチャンネルID(MCCI)とメッセージセルパスID(MCPI)、及び放送メッセージセルチャンネルID(MCCI)とメッセージセルパスID(MCPI)である。
STTセッション開設コマンドは、指定SP20とのセッションが確立されることを要求する時、STT30によって発行される。SP20によって要求される開設データは、データ長をSP_DATA_LENフィールドに、データをSP_DATAフィールドに入れることにより、このコマンドにおいて渡される。SP_DATAフィールドは、こうして、サービス要求の一部として、付加データをSP20へ渡す。
SPセッション開設コマンドは、STT30がSP20とのセッションを確立することを要求する時、CMC40からSP20に送信される。SP_DATAパラメータにおいてSTT30からCMC40へ渡された情報は、このコマンドにおいて渡される。
SPセッション接続確認コマンドは、SPセッション接続要求コマンドに応答して、SP20からCMC40へ送信される。応答フィールドは、SP20が接続を受け取ったならばACKを含むが、SP20が接続を拒否したならば、NAKが応答フィールドにおいて返される。
STT通過メッセージコマンドは、STT30におけるセッションからSP20に直接にメッセージを送信するために使用される。このコマンドは、メッセージ長パラメータ(MESSAGE_LEN)とメッセージの本体(MESSAGE)を含む。このメッセージは特定セッションに固有である為ために、このメッセージに対して肯定応答はない。
ビデオセッション接続を確立するために、CMC40とSTT30の間で伝送される上記の形式のセッション管理メッセージは、3つの項類に分かれる。即ち、セッション開設コマンド、セッション閉設コマンド及びセッション状態コマンドである。STT30が、セッションを要求する時、STTセッション開設コマンドが、STT30によって発行される。このコマンドは、サービスが確立され、そのサービスへのパスが分配されることを要求する。サービスが分配された時、STT30は、STTセッション接続要求コマンドをCMC40へ発行し、STT30をセッションへ接続させるセッションパラメータをCMC40から得る。第11図は、そのようなSTT30の起動セッション開設中、発生する事象シーケンスを示す。
CMC40<−−>SP20セッション管理はまた、3つの項類に分かれる。即ち、セッション開設コマンド、セッション閉設コマンド及びセッション状態コマンドである。SP20は、STT30から要求を受信することなく、「連続送り」セッションを開設する。SP20は、任意の数のSTT30を、これらの連続送りセッションと接続させるが、SP20のみが、これらのセッションを閉設させる。第13図は、SP20による連続送りセッションの開設中発生する事象シーケンスを示す。
セッション(ビデオセッション接続)が確立された後、STT30とSP20は、パススルーメッセージコマンドを使用して、それらの間で通信する。これらのコマンドは、CMC40の介入なしに、コマンドのメッセージ部分をセッションの他端へ伝える。パススルーメッセージは、いずれかの方向において送信される。例えば、STTパススルーメッセージコマンドは、CMC40をバイパスし、SP20へ直接に経路選択され、SESSION_IDによって指示されたサービスへメッセージを経路選択する。他方、SPパススルーメッセージコマンドは、SP20によって起動され、そしてまた、CMC40をバイパスし、STT30へ直接に経路選択される。
Claims (1)
- データサービス提供者(SP)から顧客によって要求されたビデオ、音声及びデータプログラムの少なくとも一つを提供し、要求プログラムを、所定の帯域幅を有する伝送リンクにより該顧客の情報提示装置に関連した顧客のセットトップ端末(STT)へ経路指定し、該SPによる該顧客のSTTへの該要求プログラムの提示中、該要求プログラムへの実時間対話式アクセスを該顧客に提供するための対話型情報サービスシステムにおいて、
該顧客の情報提示装置を介した該要求プログラムの提示のために、該要求プログラムを該顧客のSTTへ提供するための、該SPから該顧客のSTTを含む複数のSTTへの、該伝送リンクを含む単向通信パスと、
該顧客の情報提示装置への該要求プログラムの提示中、該顧客のSTTと該SPとの間でデータ及び提示制御コマンドを通信するための該顧客のSTTと接続管理コンピュータ(CMC)との間および該CMCと該SPとの間の、該伝送リンクを含む双方向通信パスとを具備し、
該提示制御コマンドは、実時間で、該情報提示装置における該要求プログラムの提示を起動及び制御し、
該双方向通信パスは、
該データ及び提示制御コマンドを通信するための、該顧客のSTTから該SPへの通信パスと、
該データ及び提示制御コマンドを通信するための、該顧客のSPと該CMCとの間の通信パスと、
該SPから該複数のSTTへの該単向通信パスの一部を含む、該CMCから該顧客のSTTへの通信パスであって、該SPから該複数のSTTへの該単向通信パスを介して該要求プログラムの提示中、該CMCから該STTへ該データ及び提示制御コマンドを通信するための通信パスと
を具備する、対話型情報サービスシステム。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| US08/149,929 US5481542A (en) | 1993-11-10 | 1993-11-10 | Interactive information services control system |
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| JP2002119958A Division JP3919590B2 (ja) | 1993-11-10 | 2002-04-22 | 対話型情報サービス制御システム |
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| JP2006311605A true JP2006311605A (ja) | 2006-11-09 |
Family
ID=22532406
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP7513875A Pending JPH09505186A (ja) | 1993-11-10 | 1994-11-03 | 対話型情報サービス制御システム |
| JP2002119958A Expired - Lifetime JP3919590B2 (ja) | 1993-11-10 | 2002-04-22 | 対話型情報サービス制御システム |
| JP2006185741A Withdrawn JP2006311605A (ja) | 1993-11-10 | 2006-07-05 | 対話型情報サービス制御システム |
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| JP7513875A Pending JPH09505186A (ja) | 1993-11-10 | 1994-11-03 | 対話型情報サービス制御システム |
| JP2002119958A Expired - Lifetime JP3919590B2 (ja) | 1993-11-10 | 2002-04-22 | 対話型情報サービス制御システム |
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| US (1) | US5481542A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0728398B1 (ja) |
| JP (3) | JPH09505186A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1134771A (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE189091T1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU1087095A (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR9408030A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2176131C (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69422727T2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1995013681A1 (ja) |
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-
1993
- 1993-11-10 US US08/149,929 patent/US5481542A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-11-03 EP EP95901743A patent/EP0728398B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-03 WO PCT/US1994/012585 patent/WO1995013681A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-11-03 BR BR9408030A patent/BR9408030A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-11-03 JP JP7513875A patent/JPH09505186A/ja active Pending
- 1994-11-03 AU AU10870/95A patent/AU1087095A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-11-03 CA CA002176131A patent/CA2176131C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-03 CN CN94194104A patent/CN1134771A/zh active Pending
- 1994-11-03 DE DE69422727T patent/DE69422727T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-03 AT AT95901743T patent/ATE189091T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2002
- 2002-04-22 JP JP2002119958A patent/JP3919590B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2006
- 2006-07-05 JP JP2006185741A patent/JP2006311605A/ja not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8380865B2 (en) | 2007-11-05 | 2013-02-19 | Acei Ab | Gaming system and a method of managing bandwidth usage in a gaming network |
| US9685042B2 (en) | 2007-11-05 | 2017-06-20 | Video B Holdings Limited | Gaming system and a method of managing bandwidth usage in a gaming system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0728398B1 (en) | 2000-01-19 |
| BR9408030A (pt) | 1996-12-17 |
| EP0728398A1 (en) | 1996-08-28 |
| CN1134771A (zh) | 1996-10-30 |
| EP0728398A4 (en) | 1996-05-30 |
| DE69422727T2 (de) | 2000-11-16 |
| DE69422727D1 (de) | 2000-02-24 |
| WO1995013681A1 (en) | 1995-05-18 |
| CA2176131C (en) | 1999-12-07 |
| JP3919590B2 (ja) | 2007-05-30 |
| JP2003037832A (ja) | 2003-02-07 |
| JPH09505186A (ja) | 1997-05-20 |
| US5481542A (en) | 1996-01-02 |
| AU1087095A (en) | 1995-05-29 |
| CA2176131A1 (en) | 1995-05-18 |
| ATE189091T1 (de) | 2000-02-15 |
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