JP2006348585A - Building underlying member - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building underlying member which can quickly form a film having stable waterproofing properties on a rear surface of a substrate. <P>SOLUTION: According to the structure of the building underlying member, a waterproof layer 5 is arranged on a front surface of the substrate made of an MDF 3, and a bumpy layer 7 is arranged on the waterproof layer 5, followed by sticking a waterproof sheet 9 on the rear surface of the substrate. The waterproof sheet 9 is formed of a waterproof film, a waterproof sheet, a nonwoven sheet, or the like. The waterproof film includes a synthetic resin film made of polyethylene, polypropylene, PET, and an acrylic resin. The waterproof sheet includes a laminated paper obtained by sticking a paper to the synthetic resin film, or a polysand paper. The nonwoven fabric sheet includes a laminated sheet obtained by sticking a nonwoven fabric to the synthetic resin film. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a building base material used by being fixed to a frame such as a pillar or a stud to form inner and outer walls of a building, particularly an outer wall.

As a conventional architectural base material, for example, as shown in the following patent document, a waterproof layer is provided on the surface of plywood or fiberboard, and an uneven layer made of latex cement containing an inorganic aggregate is provided thereon. Things are known.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 56-18667 Japanese Patent Publication No.59-12825

  However, when these conventional building base materials are exposed to a poor environment such as high dryness or high temperature and high humidity for a long time, the shrinkage / expansion increases due to the moisture content change of the plywood or fiberboard. Since this size is larger than the size of shrinkage / expansion due to the change in the moisture content of the mortar layer provided on the uneven layer, the warping of the base material itself, the cracking / peeling of the mortar layer, or the dryness at the joint between the base materials. Since it causes cracking, we want to reduce the shrinkage and expansion due to changes in moisture content as much as possible.

  Therefore, it is conceivable to apply a waterproof sealer to the back of the plywood or fiberboard, but the increase in waterproofing process, restrictions on drying time, restrictions on stack curing, or uneven thickness of the waterproof coating, It has not yet been done due to various problems such as vulnerability to trauma.

  Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that a coating having stable waterproof performance can be quickly formed on the back surface of the substrate.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a waterproof layer on the surface of a substrate made of fiberboard, further provides an uneven layer on the waterproof layer, and attaches a waterproof sheet to the back surface of the substrate. Features.

  By sticking a waterproof sheet to the back surface of the substrate, a waterproof coating with a uniform thickness can be formed on the back surface of the substrate, so that the waterproof performance is stabilized. Furthermore, by sticking a waterproof sheet to the back surface of the substrate, a thicker film can be formed compared to the applied film, which makes it more resistant to injury. Furthermore, sticking the waterproof sheet to the back surface of the substrate reduces the time limit required for drying, and can be stacked and cured directly after the waterproof sheet is attached.

  In addition, since a waterproof layer is provided on the surface of the fiberboard that becomes the substrate and a waterproof sheet is attached to the back surface, the moisture content change of the fiberboard due to the surrounding humidity change is suppressed, and the rate of change is also slow. It will be a thing. Therefore, since the dimensional change rate of the fiberboard and the mortar layer in the natural environment is small and does not show a significant difference, the warping of the building base material due to this, the dry cracking / peeling of the mortar layer, or the building base materials It is possible to prevent dry cracks and the like in the joints.

  Next, each requirement constituting the present invention will be described in more detail. This building base material is used as a base material for the inner and outer walls of a building, after cement mortar is applied to its surface and a mortar layer (including plaster) is formed after it is fixed to the wall frame. . The wall frame is a structural frame formed of columns, studs, beams, trunk edges, and the like.

  The waterproof sheet is not particularly limited as long as it can form a waterproof coating on the back surface of the substrate and has a uniform thickness. For example, a waterproof film or waterproof paper can be used.

  Examples of the waterproof film include synthetic resin films such as polyethylene, polypropylene, PET, and acrylic, films obtained by bonding aluminum foil or the like to these synthetic resin films, and films such as synthetic rubber or asphalt. Examples of waterproof paper include paper, aluminum vapor-deposited paper or nonwoven impregnated with the above synthetic resin, or poly sand paper (paper pasted with a resin film sandwiched between paper).

  As the adhesive for sticking the waterproof sheet to the back surface of the substrate, an adhesive having excellent water resistance is preferable. For example, an adhesive such as aqueous vinyl urethane or modified vinyl acetate can be used. Further, when the waterproof sheet is attached to the back surface of the substrate, the waterproof sheet may be attached so that the waterproof sheet protrudes from at least two adjacent sides of the substrate in plan view. Of course, you may stick it so that it protrudes from all four sides. By sticking the waterproof sheet so that it protrudes from the side of the board, when forming the wall by adjoining the boards, the waterproof sheet can be applied in the joint part that is the adjacent part, so from the joint part Prevent water from entering the back side of the substrate. In addition, it is preferable to use the material which is easy to release, such as polyethylene, for the outermost side when the waterproof sheet is attached to the substrate.

  The fiberboard is a medium density fiber board (MDF) manufactured by a dry process specified in JIS A5905 and having a specific gravity of 0.35 or more, and manufactured by a wet process specified in the same standard and having a specific gravity of 0.80 or more. It is selected from a certain hard fiber board (HB) or the like.

  The fiber board used as the substrate preferably has a thickness of 4 to 15 mm. When the thickness of the fiber board is less than 4 mm, the fiber sheet is too thin and the absolute strength as a structural material is insufficient. When the thickness of the fiberboard exceeds 15 mm, the strength as a structural material becomes large, but on the other hand, the lightness is impaired and handling and construction become difficult. Further, a building base material using such a thick fiberboard as a substrate has to use long and thick nails and screws for fixing, and the nailing property or screwing property is deteriorated.

  The average specific gravity of the fiberboard is preferably 0.5 to 1.05. When this is less than 0.5, the hardness of the fiberboard itself is insufficient and the strength and rigidity as a structural material are insufficient. If the average specific gravity exceeds 1.05, the fiberboard itself becomes too hard, and the nailing property or screwing property required as a building base material deteriorates. Furthermore, if the average specific gravity exceeds 1.05, it becomes heavier and the handleability during construction is worsened. Moreover, the hot-pressing condition at the time of manufacturing a fiber board becomes severe, and the cost increases.

  Further, the fiberboard is provided with a center layer in the thickness direction and hard layers on the front and back sides having higher specific gravity and water impermeability than the center layer, and the front and back hard layers having high specific gravity are provided. Exposed on the front and back of the fiberboard. The specific gravity of the hard layer is not less than 0.7 in order to give water impermeability and increase the hardness of the front and back surfaces to improve the scratch resistance, and when the specific gravity is excessively high, the nailing and screwing properties are also improved. Since it gets worse, it should be 1.2 or less.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the fiberboard as the substrate is subjected to treatments such as insect proofing, ant proofing, mold prevention, and antiseptic which are generally performed in advance. Furthermore, when the building base material is used as a base plate for a wall forming the outer wall, it is preferable to use MDF as a substrate among fiberboards. The reason is as follows.

  Substrates for building foundation boards used on the outer walls due to condensation water that occurs inside the walls due to temperature differences between the outdoor and indoor sides of the building walls, rainwater that enters from the outside, and sunlight on the outer wall The water content of fluctuates greatly, and this variation is repeated over a long period of time. In MDF, an adhesive is added to wood fibers that are being sent in the manufacturing process, and the contact between the wood fibers is three-dimensionally fixed with an adhesive, whereas hardboard is an adhesive. The wood fiber is molded in a state where the wood fibers are simply entangled with each other.

  For this reason, when the moisture content changes over a long period of time, the MDF has a small shrinkage / expansion movement and is excellent in maintaining the initial state, but the hardboard has a large shrinkage / expansion movement. Problems such as dryness and peeling of the provided waterproof layer and uneven layer or swelling and warping of the hard board substrate itself are likely to occur. For these reasons, it is preferable to use MDF among fiberboards, particularly as a substrate for building foundation materials for outer walls.

  When molding MDF, synthetic resin adhesives such as phenols, urethanes, melamines, urea / melamines and acrylics, and natural adhesives such as tannins are used alone or in any combination. Then, if necessary, a water-resistant sizing agent such as paraffin, wax, rosin, coumarone is added to obtain MDF that satisfies the above-mentioned requirements.

  The chamfer of the substrate can form a chamfered portion chamfered at an angle of 30 to 60 degrees with respect to the surface. When the chamfered portion is formed, the waterproof layer is preferably formed over the chamfered portion, and when the concavo-convex layer is formed, the concavo-convex layer is preferably provided on the upper side of the chamfered portion.

The waterproof layer is formed by uniformly applying a mixture of a synthetic resin emulsion and a synthetic rubber latex on the surface of a substrate with an application device such as a roll coater or a flow coater and drying the mixture. The application amount is, for example, 120 to 250 g / m ² , and the drying condition is, for example, 80 degrees for 5 to 10 minutes.

  As the synthetic resin emulsion, acrylic resin, vinyl chloride resin, and as synthetic rubber latex, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), methyl methacrylate butadiene rubber (MBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), etc. are used. be able to.

  In addition, bituminous substances such as tar and asphalt, auxiliary agents such as extenders and dispersants such as clay, talc, calcium carbonate, perlite, and metal powder may be added to the waterproof layer.

  The uneven layer has a waterproof layer surface with cement such as Portland cement and white cement, synthetic resin, latex or bituminous materials, aggregates such as calcium carbonate and silica sand, methylcellulose, surfactants, antifoaming agents, etc. It is formed by applying a mixture of the above-mentioned molding aid and water in a layer form with a coating device such as a roll coater and drying. The composition of the mixture forming the uneven layer is, for example, 150 parts of cement (parts by weight, the same applies hereinafter), 150 parts of aggregate, 40 parts of latex, 40 parts of emulsion, 0.3 part of methylcellulose, and 1 part of surfactant.

  The synthetic resin, latex, or bituminous material in the concavo-convex layer is preferably the same type as that used in the waterproof layer, so that intermolecular attractive force is generated between the material in the waterproof layer and the material in the concavo-convex layer. Can increase their adhesion strength. The formation of the unevenness is, for example, a mixture in an uncured state immediately after application of a meshing roll corresponding to the unevenness of the uneven layer to be formed or a net winding roll wound with a net corresponding to the unevenness on the surface of the waterproof layer. It can be formed by rolling on the coated surface. The height of the concavo-convex layer is about 2.5 mm at the maximum.

  According to the present invention, a coating having stable waterproof performance can be quickly formed on the back surface of the substrate. Further, even when exposed to a poor environment such as high dryness or high temperature and high humidity for a long time, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of warping, dry cracking and peeling of the mortar layer.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a building foundation material according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3, the same or equivalent parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a building base material according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the building base material shown in FIG. The architectural base material 1 includes an MDF (fiberboard) 3 used as a substrate, a waterproof layer 5 provided on the surface of the MDF 3, and an uneven layer 7 provided on the waterproof layer 5. Further, a waterproof sheet 9 is attached to the back surface of the MDF 3. MDF3 used as a substrate has a thickness of 9 mm and an average specific gravity of 0.75. The uneven layer 7 has an irregular uneven pattern, and its height h is about 2 mm.

  The waterproof layer 5 is formed by applying a mixture of an acrylic resin emulsion and the above-described synthetic rubber latex, or a vinyl chloride resin emulsion. The concavo-convex layer 7 is made of, for example, a mixture of 150 parts of cement (parts by weight, the same applies hereinafter), 150 parts of aggregate, 40 parts of latex, 40 parts of emulsion, 0.3 parts of methylcellulose, and 1 part of surfactant, such as a roll coater. It is formed by coating in a layer with a coating apparatus and drying.

  The concavo-convex layer 7 enhances the adhesion of cement mortar, plaster, and the like when the mortar layer is formed by applying cement mortar or plaster after the building base material 1 is fixed to the wall frame with nails or screws. It has a function.

  As the waterproof sheet 9, waterproof paper is used. The waterproof paper is obtained by impregnating paper with a synthetic resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, PET, and acrylic. For example, an adhesive such as aqueous vinyl urethane or modified vinyl acetate is used as an adhesive for attaching the waterproof paper to the back surface of the substrate.

  Although not shown, a water-resistant coating is applied to the end surface 11 by applying a mixture of the acrylic resin emulsion and the synthetic rubber latex or a synthetic resin emulsion such as urethane resin, epoxy resin, ethylene vinyl acetate resin. It is preferable to form it.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the waterproof sheet 9 is stuck to the two adjacent sides of the MDF 3 so as to project (project). In this case, the waterproof sheet 9 may be projected over all four sides of the MDF 3. The amount of overhang is about the thickness dimension of MDF3. In addition, the adhesive mentioned above is applied to the surface of the overlaid waterproof sheet 9 at the stage of fixing the building base material 1 to a frame such as a pillar, or at the stage of fixing, and fixed later. To be able to stick to the lower surface of the waterproof sheet of the building foundation material.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the joint portion 13 between the building foundation materials shown in FIGS. In the joint portion 13, the building base materials 1 a and 1 b are positioned with a specified gap 19 therebetween, and the protruding portion of the waterproof sheet 9 a of one building base material 1 a is used as the waterproof sheet of the other building base material 1 b. It is stuck on the lower surface of 9b. Then, the building base materials 1 a and 1 b are fixed to a housing 17 such as a pillar using nails (or screws) 15.

  The gap 19 is filled with a caulking agent (not shown). Although not shown in FIG. 3, cement mortar, plaster, etc. are apply | coated on the uneven | corrugated layer 7 of the base material for construction, and a mortar layer is formed. By forming the joint portion 13 in this way, it is possible to block water from entering from the outside (upper side in FIG. 3) to the inside (the housing side).

  Next, the operation of the building foundation material 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. By sticking the waterproof sheet 9 to the back surface of the MDF 3 that is the substrate, a waterproof film having a uniform thickness can be formed on the back surface of the MDF 3, so that the waterproof performance of the building base material 1 is stabilized. Further, by sticking the waterproof sheet 9 to the back surface of the MDF 3, it is possible to make the coating thicker than the applied coating, so that it is resistant to trauma. Furthermore, by sticking the waterproof sheet 9 to the back surface of the MDF 3, there is no restriction on the time required for drying, and after the waterproof sheet 9 is stuck, it can be stacked and cured directly.

  Further, by providing the waterproof layer 5 on the surface of the MDF 3 and sticking the waterproof sheet 9 on the back surface thereof, it is possible to suppress the change in the moisture content of the MDF 3 due to the surrounding humidity change, and the rate of change is also slow. It will be something. Therefore, since the dimensional change rates of the MDF 3 and the mortar layer are both small in the natural environment and do not show a significant difference, the warp of the building base material 1 due to this, the dry cracking / peeling of the mortar layer, or the building base materials It is possible to prevent dry cracks and the like at the seam portion.

  Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. In short, it goes without saying that various modifications can be made and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be suitably used as a building foundation material for inner and outer walls of buildings such as individual houses, apartment houses, and commercial buildings.

It is sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of the foundation | substrate material for buildings which concerns on this invention. It is a top view of the building | foundation base material shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the joint part of the building | foundation base materials shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1a, 1b Architectural base material 3 MDF (fiberboard)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Waterproof layer 7 Concavity and convexity layer 9, 9a, 9b Waterproof sheet 11 End face 13 Joint part 15 Nail or screw 17 Housing 19 Gap

Claims (1)

  An architectural base material comprising a waterproof layer provided on a surface of a substrate made of a fiberboard, a concavo-convex layer provided on the waterproof layer, and a waterproof sheet adhered to the back surface of the substrate.

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