JP2006342450A - Fiber having thermal emittance changed by temperature, fiber structure and fiber product - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fiber having thermal emittance large at high temperature and small at low temperature; and to provide a fiber structure and a fiber product. <P>SOLUTION: The fiber having the thermal emittance changed by the temperature contains particles of a perovskite oxide or the like, containing Mn and represented by A<SB>1-X</SB>B<SB>X</SB>MnO<SB>3</SB>(A is at least one of rare earth metal ions of La, Pr, Nd and Sm; B is at least one of alkaline earth metal ions of Ca, Sr and Ba) and having the thermal emittance large at the high temperature and small at the low temperature. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fiber, a fiber structure, and a fiber product that have a high thermal emissivity at high temperatures and a low thermal emissivity at low temperatures.

Conventionally, various fiber structures whose characteristics such as moisture permeability and color change with temperature have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3). However, a fiber structure whose infrared emissivity varies with temperature has not been proposed so much.
On the other hand, Patent Document 1 proposes a thermal control device in which the infrared emissivity changes with temperature, but it does not relate to a fiber structure.

JP-A-1-370276 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-119056 JP 11-43864 A Japanese Patent No. 3221412

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described background, and the object thereof is a fiber and a fiber whose thermal emissivity varies with temperature, which has a large thermal emissivity at high temperatures and a small thermal emissivity at low temperatures. It is to provide a structure and a textile product.

  As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the inventor of the present invention can obtain desired fibers by including fine particles having high thermal emissivity at high temperatures and low thermal emissivity at low temperatures. The present invention has been conceived by finding out the above facts and further intensive studies.

At that time, the fine particles are preferably a perovskite oxide containing Mn represented by A _1-x B _x MnO ₃ . However, A is at least one of rare earth ions of La, Pr, Nd, and Sm, and B is at least one of alkaline earth metal ions of Ca, Sr, and Ba. Such fine particles are preferably contained in the fiber in an amount of 0.05 to 20% based on the fiber weight. The fine particles are preferably attached to the fiber surface. In the fiber of the present invention, the fiber type is preferably an organic fiber.

  Further, according to the present invention, the thermal emissivity changes depending on the temperature, using any one of the above-mentioned fibers, and having any one form selected from the group consisting of yarn, woven or knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, and stuffed cotton A fiber structure is provided.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, sports clothing, inner clothing, fire clothing, desert clothing, high-temperature work clothing, men's clothing, women's clothing, lining clothing, daily life materials, vehicle materials, comprising the above-described fiber structure, Any textile product selected from the group consisting of industrial materials is provided.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a fiber, a fiber structure, and a fiber product that have a high thermal emissivity at a high temperature and a low thermal emissivity at a low temperature, and the thermal emissivity changes depending on the temperature.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
The fibers of the present invention contain particulates that have a high thermal emissivity at high temperatures, while low thermal emissivity at low temperatures.

Such a fine particle is not particularly limited as long as it has a high thermal emissivity at a high temperature and a low thermal emissivity at a low temperature, but the thermal emissivity at a temperature of 45 ° C. is higher than that at 0 ° C. The fine particles are preferably 0.1 or larger. As such fine particles, fine particles disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3212212 are preferably exemplified. That is, it is a perovskite oxide containing Mn represented by A _1-x B _x MnO ₃ . However, A is at least one of rare earth ions of La, Pr, Nd, and Sm, and B is at least one of alkaline earth metal ions of Ca, Sr, and Ba. Further, the phase change material may be a corundum vanadium oxide containing Cr. As shown in FIG. 2 of Japanese Patent No. 3212212, such fine particles have a rapid change at a transition temperature of 300 K to 280 K, and on the low temperature side, the thermal emissivity is large at high temperature, whereas at low temperature, the thermal emissivity is high. Is small.

The amount of the fine particles contained in the fiber is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 20% by weight (more preferably 1.0 to 5.0% by weight) with respect to the fiber weight. If the content is less than 0.05% by weight, the thermal emissivity may not change sufficiently even if the temperature changes. On the other hand, if the content is greater than 20% by weight, the texture may become hard.
The fine particles may be kneaded into the fiber, but it is preferable that the fine particles adhere to the fiber by post-processing as described later because it can be easily manufactured.

  In the fibers of the present invention, the types of fibers include organic fibers such as synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile and polypropylene, regenerated fibers such as rayon, natural fibers such as cotton, wool and silk, and composites thereof. A fiber is preferably exemplified. Of these, polyester fibers are particularly preferred. The polyester fiber is produced from a dicarboxylic acid component and a diglycol component. As the dicarboxylic acid component, terephthalic acid is preferably used mainly, and as the diglycol component, it is preferable to use one or more alkylene glycols selected from ethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol and tetramethylene glycol. Moreover, the polyester resin may contain a third component in addition to the dicarboxylic acid component and the glycol component. Examples of the third component include cationic dye dyeable anion components such as sodium sulfoisophthalic acid; dicarboxylic acids other than terephthalic acid such as isophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid; and glycol compounds other than alkylene glycol. For example, one or more of diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, bisphenol A, and bisphenol sulfone can be used. Further, it may be a biodegradable polyester fiber such as polylactic acid.

  In the resin forming the fiber, a matting agent (titanium dioxide), a fine pore forming agent (organic sulfonic acid metal salt), an anti-coloring agent, a heat stabilizer, a flame retardant (antimony trioxide), if necessary. , A fluorescent brightening agent, a coloring pigment, an antistatic agent (sulfonic acid metal salt), a hygroscopic agent (polyoxyalkylene glycol), an antibacterial agent, and other inorganic particles may be contained.

Next, the fiber structure of the present invention comprises the above-described fiber and has any one form selected from the group consisting of yarns, knitted and knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics, and cotton padding.
Here, the shape of the yarn may be a short fiber or a long fiber (multifilament). Furthermore, a false twisted crimped yarn subjected to a normal false twist crimping process or a composite yarn obtained by subjecting two or more kinds of constituent yarns to air-mixing or composite false twisting may be used.

  The single yarn fiber fineness, total fineness, and single yarn number of the fibers constituting the yarn are preferably in the range of single yarn fiber fineness of 0.1 to 10.0 dtex, total fineness of 20 to 300 dtex, and single yarn number of 10 to 200. . Further, the cross-sectional shape of the single yarn fiber is not limited, and may be an irregular cross-sectional shape such as a triangular shape, a flat shape, a constricted flat shape, a cross shape, a hexagonal shape, or a hollow shape in addition to a normal circular cross section.

  The fiber structure of the present invention, the fiber structure is produced by a normal method using the fibers in which the fine particles are kneaded, or the fiber structure is obtained using the fiber, and then the fiber structure is obtained by the following method. Fine particles may be applied to the fiber structure.

  That is, the case where the fiber structure is a woven or knitted fabric will be exemplified below. First, a knitted or knitted fabric is knitted using yarns made of the fibers as described above. Here, the woven or knitted structure of the woven or knitted fabric is not particularly limited. Next, if necessary, the woven or knitted fabric is subjected to a dyeing finishing process or a hydrophilization process (water absorption process), and then the fine particles are adhered. At that time, it is preferable to attach the fine particles together with the binder resin to the woven or knitted fabric in order to improve the durability of the temperature emissivity of the thermal emissivity. Examples of the binder resin include melamine resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, and acrylic resin.

In addition, the adhesion amount of the fine particles and the binder resin to the woven or knitted fabric is 0.01 to 40 g / m ² (more preferably 1 to 10 g / m ² ) of fine particles and 0.01 to 0.01 g of binder resin, based on the weight of the resin solid content. A range of ˜40 g / m ² (more preferably 1 to 10 g / m ² ) is appropriate.

  The fine particles and the binder resin are usually applied to the woven or knitted fabric as a blended composition of both. In this case, the blended composition may be composed of either an aqueous system or a solvent system, but an aqueous system is preferable in view of the working environment of the processing step. Examples of the solvent include toluene, isopropyl alcohol, dimethylformamide, methyl ethyl ketone, and ethyl acetate. You may use together this crosslinking composition together with crosslinking agents, such as an epoxy type. Furthermore, an appropriate additive may be further blended for the purpose of improving the adhesion to the woven or knitted fabric.

  Examples of the method for adhering the fine particles or the fine particles and the binder resin to the woven or knitted fabric include a gravure roll method, a kiss roll method, a foam processing method, a rotary screen printing method, a flat screen method, and a roller printing method. At that time, it may be applied in a predetermined pattern such as a lattice or a line. In particular, it is preferable that the fine particles adhere to only one side of the woven or knitted fabric because an excellent effect can be obtained with a small amount.

  The fiber structure thus obtained contains fine particles that have a high thermal emissivity at high temperatures and a low thermal emissivity at low temperatures, so that the thermal radiation is large at high temperatures and conversely at low temperatures. Is small.

  In addition, a normal alkali weight reduction process may be given to this fiber structure as needed. Further, conventional brushing processing, ultraviolet ray shielding, or various processing imparting functions such as antibacterial agent, deodorant agent, insect repellent agent, phosphorescent agent, retroreflective agent, and negative ion generator may be additionally applied.

  Next, according to the present invention, a sports garment, an inner garment, a fire garment, a desert garment, a high-temperature work garment, a men's garment, a women's garment, a lining garment, a bedding, an umbrella, comprising the fiber structure described above. A textile product selected from the group consisting of daily life materials such as bags, curtains and mobile straps, vehicle materials such as car seats, and industrial materials such as tents is provided. Such a fiber product has a high thermal radiation at high temperatures and, conversely, a small thermal radiation at low temperatures, and therefore can self-regulate the temperature.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated in detail, this invention is not limited at all by these. In addition, each physical property in an Example is measured with the following method.
Next, although the Example and comparative example of this invention are explained in full detail, this invention is not limited by these.
(1) Thermal emissivity Thermal emissivities at temperatures of 0 ° C. and 45 ° C. were measured with an infrared emissivity measuring apparatus (manufactured by JEOL Ltd.).
(2) Texture of knitted fabric Sensory evaluation was performed in a state in which a total of 10 panelists, 10 men and women, blindfolded a 30 cm square woven fabric. The texture was evaluated in 4 grades: unprocessed product, no change (good), slightly soft, slightly hard.

[Example 1]
Using a 24G circular knitting machine, after knitting a knitted fabric of a tentacle structure using a normal polyethylene terephthalate false twist crimped yarn with a total fineness of 84 dtex / 24 fil, a normal dyeing process is performed at 130 ° C for 30 minutes, Drying and setting were performed.

Next, a treatment liquid having the following formulation is applied to one side of the knitted fabric so as to have an application amount of about 20 g / m ² , and then dried at 135 ° C., followed by a dry heat treatment at 160 ° C. for 45 seconds. Knitted.
[Composition of treatment liquid]
・ 45% by weight of water
Perovskite oxide containing 5% by weight of Mn represented by La _0.825 Sr _0.175 MnO ₃
・ Melamine binder resin 50% by weight
(Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. “Sumitex Resin M-3” contact angle 67.5 degrees)
・ Catalyst 0.1% by weight
(Sumitex Accelerator ACX)

  In the knitted fabric, the thermal emissivity was 0.40 at a temperature of 0 ° C. and 0.55 at a temperature of 45 ° C. Next, when the T-shirt was sewn and worn using the knitted fabric, the texture was good.

  According to the present invention, since the thermal emissivity is high at a high temperature and the thermal emissivity is low at a low temperature, a fiber and a fiber structure and a fiber product capable of self-regulating the temperature are provided. Target value is extremely large.

Claims (7)

  A fiber whose thermal emissivity varies with temperature, characterized in that the fiber contains fine particles that have a high thermal emissivity at high temperatures and a low thermal emissivity at low temperatures. Fiber wherein the particulate is a perovskite oxide containing Mn represented by _{A 1-x B x MnO 3} , where the thermal emissivity with temperature according to claim 1 varies.
However, A is at least one of rare earth ions of La, Pr, Nd, and Sm, and B is at least one of alkaline earth metal ions of Ca, Sr, and Ba.   The fiber whose thermal emissivity changes depending on the temperature according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fine particles are contained in the fiber in an amount of 0.05 to 20% based on the fiber weight.   The fiber whose thermal emissivity changes according to the temperature according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fine particles adhere to the fiber surface.   The fiber whose thermal emissivity changes with temperature according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fiber is an organic fiber.   It uses the fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and has any one form selected from the group consisting of a yarn, a woven or knitted fabric, a non-woven fabric, and stuffed cotton. Fiber structure.   A sports garment, an inner garment, a fire garment, a desert garment, a high-temperature work garment, a men's garment, a ladies garment, a lining garment, a living material, a vehicle material, and an industrial material, comprising the fiber structure according to claim 6. Any textile product selected from the group.