JP2006138384A - Clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a clutch, preventing impression or buildup from being caused on a cylindrical surface formed on a driving wheel by load of excessive toque. <P>SOLUTION: In this clutch, the cylindrical surface 15 is formed on the inner periphery of an outer ring 11 as a driving wheel, a cam face 16 is provided on the outer periphery of an inner ring 12 as a driven wheel, a roller 14 is incorporated between the cam face 16 and the cylindrical surface 15, and the roller 14 is energized in the gripping direction by an elastic member 20. In this case, the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface 15 is set higher than the surface hardness of the roller 14, and the surface hardness of the cam face 16 is set lower than the surface hardness of the roller 14, whereby when the roller 14 impulsively grips the cylindrical surface 15 and the cam face 16 due to load of excessive torque, it is possible to prevent impression or buildup from being formed on the cylindrical surface 15. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a mechanical type clutch that uses a biting force of an engagement element as a coupling force.

  As this type of clutch, a roller type clutch using a roller as an engagement element and a sprag type clutch using a sprag as an engagement element are known. Each clutch has a one-way clutch and a two-way clutch.

  Patent Document 1 shows a pulley with a built-in clutch using a roller type one-way clutch.

  FIG. 6 (I) shows a one-way clutch incorporated in the clutch built-in pulley. In this one-way clutch, a cylindrical surface 52 is provided on the inner periphery of the outer ring 51, and a cam surface 54 that forms a wedge-shaped space with the cylindrical surface 52 is formed on the outer periphery of the inner ring 53 incorporated inside the outer ring 51. The retainer 55 incorporated between the outer ring 51 and the inner ring 53 is provided with a pocket 56 at a position corresponding to the cam surface 54. A roller 57 and the roller 57 are placed in the pocket 56 in a wedge-shaped space. An elastic member 58 that biases toward the narrow portion is incorporated.

  In the one-way clutch configured as described above, the outer ring 51 is a driving wheel, and when the outer ring 51 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow (A), the roller 57 is engaged with the cylindrical surface 52 and the cam surface 54, and the engagement is performed. Thus, the rotation of the outer ring 51 is transmitted to the inner ring 53.

When the outer ring 51 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow (b), the roller 57 moves toward the wide portion of the wedge-shaped space formed by the cylindrical surface 52 and the cam surface 54, and the outer ring 51 rotates freely.
JP 2002-340146 A

  By the way, in the one-way clutch, when an excessive torque is applied in the torque transmission state or the free rotation state of the outer ring 51, the roller 57 is impactably engaged with the cylindrical surface 52 and the cam surface 54 of the outer ring 51, An indentation is formed on the cylindrical surface 52 or the cam surface 54, and a raised portion is formed at one end in the circumferential direction of the indentation due to plastic flow during the formation of the indentation.

  FIG. 6 (II) shows a case where the indentation A and the raised portion B are formed on the cylindrical surface 52 of the outer ring 51. The indentation A and the raised portion B do not lose their function as a clutch. However, when the outer ring 51 rotates freely, the roller 57 moves toward the elastic member 58 each time the raised portion B passes the position of the roller 57. This causes a problem that the number of elastic displacements of the elastic member 58 is increased, and the elastic member 58 is easily damaged by the repeated load of the impact force, so that the function of the clutch cannot be exhibited.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a clutch capable of preventing damage to an elastic member without forming an indentation or a raised portion on a cylindrical surface side.

  In order to solve the above problems, in the first aspect of the present invention, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged inside and outside, the circumferential surface facing the driven wheel of the driving wheel is a cylindrical surface, and the driving wheel of the driven wheel Is provided with a cam surface that forms a narrow wedge-shaped space with one end in the circumferential direction between the cylindrical surface, a roller between the cam surface and the cylindrical surface, and the roller as an elastic member. In the clutch urged toward the narrow portion of the wedge-shaped space, a configuration is adopted in which the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface is equal to or greater than the surface hardness of the roller and the surface hardness of the cam surface is smaller than the surface hardness of the roller. It is.

  In the second invention, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged inside and outside, the circumferential surface facing the driven wheel of the driving wheel is a cylindrical surface, and the circumferential surface facing the driving wheel of the driven wheel is A cam surface that forms a wedge-shaped space that is wide at the center in the circumferential direction between the cylindrical surface and narrow at both ends is provided, and a roller is incorporated between the cam surface and the cylindrical surface, and a pair of elastic members are provided on both sides of the roller. In a clutch provided with a member to hold the roller in the wide part of the wedge-shaped space, the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface is equal to or greater than the surface hardness of the roller, and the surface hardness of the cam surface is smaller than the surface hardness of the roller. The configuration was adopted.

  Furthermore, in the third invention, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged inside and outside, the opposing surfaces of the driving wheel and the driven wheel are respectively cylindrical surfaces, a sprag is incorporated between the cylindrical surfaces, and the sprags are elastic members. In the clutch urged to tilt in the direction of engagement with both cylindrical surfaces, the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface of the driving wheel is set to be equal to or greater than the surface hardness of the sprag, and the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface of the driven wheel is set to the sprag. Therefore, a configuration smaller than the surface hardness was adopted.

  Here, in the clutch according to the first to third inventions, the driving wheel may be provided outside the driven wheel, or may be provided inside the driven wheel. .

  As in the first and second inventions, the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface provided on the driving wheel is set to be equal to or higher than the surface hardness of the roller, and the surface hardness of the cam surface provided on the driven wheel is set to the surface of the roller. By making it smaller than the hardness, when the roller is impacted on the cylindrical surface and the cam surface due to an excessive torque load, an indentation and a raised portion are formed on the cam surface side, and the cylindrical surface is damaged. Can be prevented. For this reason, the roller is not blown to the elastic member side during free rotation of the drive wheel, and damage to the elastic member can be prevented.

  Further, as in the third aspect of the invention, the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface on the driving wheel side is equal to or higher than the surface hardness of the sprag, and the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface on the driven wheel side is smaller than the surface hardness of the sprag, When an excessive torque is applied, the sprag is impacted into the cylindrical surface, and an indentation or raised portion is formed on the cylindrical surface on the driven wheel side, preventing the cylindrical surface on the drive wheel side from being damaged by the sprag. can do. Therefore, in this case as well, as in the first and second inventions, it is possible to prevent the elastic member from being damaged and to suppress the deterioration of the clutch function.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a rotating component with a built-in clutch. As shown in the figure, the rotary component with a built-in clutch rotates the input gear 1 and the rotary shaft 2 relatively by incorporating two bearings 3 between the input gear 1 and the rotary shaft 2 built in the input gear 1. The clutch 10 according to the present invention is incorporated between the two bearings 3.

  The clutch 10 is formed of a one-way clutch, and includes an outer ring 11 as a driving wheel, an inner ring 12 as a driven wheel incorporated in the outer ring 11, a cage 13 and a holder incorporated between the outer ring 11 and the inner ring 12. It has a roller 14 held by a vessel 13.

  The outer ring 11 is pressed into the inner diameter surface of the input gear 1, while the inner ring 12 is pressed into the outer diameter surface of the rotary shaft 2.

  A cylindrical surface 15 is formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring 11, and a plurality of cam surfaces 16 are formed on the outer periphery of the inner ring 12 so that one end in the circumferential direction forms a narrow wedge-shaped space with the cylindrical surface 15 in the circumferential direction. It is provided at equal intervals.

  The retainer 13 has a protrusion 17 on the inner diameter surface, and the protrusion 17 engages with an engagement surface 18 and a cam surface 16 that rises radially outward from one circumferential end of the cam surface 16. As a result, the retainer 13 is prevented from rotating around the inner ring 12.

  The cage 13 is provided with a pocket 19 at a position facing each cam surface 16, and the roller 14 is incorporated in the pocket 19. The roller 14 is urged toward the narrow portion of the wedge-shaped space formed by the cylindrical surface 15 and the cam surface 16 by the elastic member 20 supported by the cage 13.

  In the clutch 10 configured as described above, the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface 15 formed on the outer ring 11 is equal to or higher than the surface hardness of the roller 14, while the surface hardness of the cam surface 16 provided on the inner ring 12 is equal to that of the roller. 14 is less than the surface hardness.

  When the input gear 1 rotates in the direction opposite to the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 2 in the rotating part with a built-in clutch configured as described above, the roller 14 is engaged with the cylindrical surface 15 and the cam surface 16, and the engagement causes the outer ring 11 and The inner ring 12 is coupled, and the rotation of the input gear 1 is transmitted to the rotary shaft 2.

  On the other hand, when the input gear 1 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 2, the roller 14 moves toward the wide portion of the wedge-shaped space formed by the cylindrical surface 15 and the cam surface 16 against the elasticity of the elastic member 20. Then, the input gear 1 and the outer ring 11 rotate freely.

  If excessive torque is applied to the input gear 1 in a state where torque is transmitted from the input gear 1 to the rotary shaft 2 or in a state where the input gear 1 is free to rotate, the roller 14 impacts the cylindrical surface 15 and the cam surface 16 in an impact manner. I will bite.

  At this time, the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface 15 is equal to or greater than the surface hardness of the roller 14, and the surface hardness of the cam surface 16 is smaller than the surface hardness of the roller 14. As a result, no indentation or raised portion is formed on the cylindrical surface 15.

  For this reason, the roller 14 is not blown toward the elastic member 20 while the input gear 1 and the outer ring 11 are freely rotated, and the elastic member 20 can be prevented from being damaged.

  FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the clutch 10 according to the present invention. The inner ring 21 is a driving wheel, the outer ring 22 is a driven wheel, a cylindrical surface 23 is provided on the outer periphery of the inner ring 21, and a cam surface 24 that forms a wedge-shaped space with the cylindrical surface 23 is formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring 22. Provided. Further, the retainer 25 assembled between the inner ring 21 and the outer ring 22 is prevented from rotating around the outer ring 22, and a roller 27 is assembled in a pocket 26 formed in the retainer 25, and the roller 27 is supported by the retainer 25. The elastic member 28 is biased toward the narrow portion of the wedge-shaped space.

  In the one-way clutch 10 in the second embodiment, the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface 23 formed on the inner ring 21 is equal to or higher than the surface hardness of the roller 27, and the surface hardness of the cam surface 24 formed on the outer ring 22. Is made smaller than the surface hardness of the roller 27 to prevent formation of indentations and raised portions on the cylindrical surface 23 when an excessive torque is applied, and the roller during free rotation in which the inner ring 21 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 27 is prevented from being blown to the elastic member 28 side, and damage to the elastic member 28 is prevented.

  FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the clutch 10 according to the present invention, in which an outer ring 32 is provided as a driven wheel on the outer side of the inner ring 31 as a driving wheel, and a cylindrical surface 33 is formed on the outer periphery of the inner ring 31. A cam surface 34 is provided on the inner periphery of the outer ring 32 so that the central portion in the circumferential direction is wide between the cylindrical surface 33 and a narrow wedge-shaped space is formed toward both ends.

  Further, a pocket 36 is formed in a retainer 35 assembled between the inner ring 31 and the outer ring 32, and a roller 37 incorporated in the pocket 36 is provided with a pair of elastic members 38 provided on both sides thereof to widen the wedge-shaped space. Held in the department.

  In the clutch 10 having the above-described configuration, the roller 37 is engaged with the cylindrical surface 33 and the cam surface 34 by the relative rotation of the retainer 35 with respect to the outer ring 32, and the rotation of the inner ring 31 in both the left and right directions is transmitted to the outer ring 32. The inner ring 31 is free to rotate in a state where the roller 37 is held in the wide portion of the wedge-shaped space.

  In the clutch, the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface 33 formed on the inner ring 31 is set to be equal to or higher than the surface hardness of the roller 37, and the surface hardness of the cam surface 34 formed on the outer ring 32 is made smaller than the surface hardness of the roller 37. In addition, an indentation and a raised portion are prevented from being formed on the cylindrical surface 33 as a driving wheel when an excessive torque is applied. For this reason, the roller 37 is not blown off toward the elastic member 38 when the inner ring 31 is freely rotated, and the elastic member 38 can be prevented from being damaged.

  FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of the clutch 10 according to the present invention. In the clutch shown in this embodiment, cylindrical surfaces 43 and 44 are formed on the outer periphery of the inner ring 41 as a driving wheel and the inner periphery of the outer ring 42 as a driven wheel incorporated on the outer side thereof, respectively, A plurality of pockets 46 are provided in a retainer 45 assembled between 44, and sprags 47 are assembled in the respective pockets 46, and each sprag 47 is spragged by an elastic member 48 so as to be tilted in a direction to be engaged with both cylindrical surfaces 43 and 44. 47 is energized.

  In the clutch 10 configured as described above, the surface hardness of the inner ring side cylindrical surface 43 is set to be equal to or greater than the surface hardness of the sprag 47, and the surface hardness of the outer ring side cylindrical surface 44 is set to be smaller than the surface hardness of the sprag 47.

  For this reason, even if an excessive torque is applied to the clutch 10, it is possible to prevent indentations and raised portions from being formed on the inner ring side cylindrical surface 43, and during free rotation when the inner ring 41 rotates in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 5. Since the sprag 47 is not blown off toward the elastic member 48, the elastic member 48 can be prevented from being damaged.

  In the fourth embodiment, the inner ring 41 is a driving wheel, but the outer ring 42 may be a driving wheel and the inner ring 41 may be a driven wheel. In this case, the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface 44 of the outer ring 42 is set to be equal to or higher than the surface hardness of the sprag 47, and the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface 43 of the inner ring 41 is made smaller than the surface hardness of the sprag 47.

Sectional drawing of the rotary part with a built-in clutch incorporating the clutch according to the present invention Sectional view along the line II-II in FIG. Sectional drawing which shows 2nd Embodiment of the clutch which concerns on this invention Sectional drawing which shows 3rd Embodiment of the clutch which concerns on this invention Sectional drawing which shows 4th Embodiment of the clutch which concerns on this invention (I) is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional clutch, and (II) is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an indentation and a raised portion are formed by an excessive torque load.

Explanation of symbols

11 Outer ring (drive wheel)
12 Inner ring (driven wheel)
14 Roller 15 Cylindrical surface 16 Cam surface 20 Elastic member 21 Inner ring (drive wheel)
22 Outer ring (driven wheel)
23 cylindrical surface 24 cam surface 27 roller 28 elastic member 31 inner ring (drive wheel)
32 Outer ring (driven wheel)
33 Cylindrical surface 34 Cam surface 37 Roller 38 Elastic member 41 Inner ring (drive wheel)
42 Outer ring (driven wheel)
43, 44 Cylindrical surface 47 Sprag 48 Elastic member

Claims (3)

  The driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged inside and outside, the circumferential surface facing the driven wheel of the driving wheel is a cylindrical surface, and the circumferential surface facing the driving wheel of the driven wheel is between the cylindrical surface in the circumferential direction. In the clutch in which one end is provided with a cam surface that forms a narrow wedge-shaped space, a roller is interposed between the cam surface and the cylindrical surface, and the roller is biased toward the narrow portion of the wedge-shaped space by an elastic member. A clutch characterized in that the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface is greater than or equal to the surface hardness of the roller, and the surface hardness of the cam surface is smaller than the surface hardness of the roller.   The driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged inside and outside, the circumferential surface facing the driven wheel of the driving wheel is a cylindrical surface, and the circumferential surface facing the driving wheel of the driven wheel is circumferentially centered between the cylindrical surface and the cylindrical surface. A cam surface that forms a wedge-shaped space that is wide at both ends and narrows at both ends is provided, a roller is incorporated between the cam surface and the cylindrical surface, and a pair of elastic members are provided on both sides of the roller to provide a wedge-shaped space for the roller. In the clutch that is held in the wide width portion, the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface is set to be equal to or higher than the surface hardness of the roller, and the surface hardness of the cam surface is made smaller than the surface hardness of the roller.   The driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged inside and outside, the opposing surfaces of the driving wheel and the driven wheel are made cylindrical surfaces, sprags are built in between the cylindrical surfaces, and the sprags are inserted into both cylindrical surfaces by elastic members. In the clutch biased to tilt, the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface of the drive wheel is equal to or greater than the surface hardness of the sprag, and the surface hardness of the cylindrical surface of the driven wheel is smaller than the surface hardness of the sprag. And clutch.

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