JP2006118777A - Incineration device for film for packaging treated with metal foil - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an incineration device for a packaging film treated with metal foil that is of continuous treatment manner, is small, is inexpensive, and requires a small number of operators. <P>SOLUTION: The incineration device comprises two furnaces, a furnace 20 for thermally fusing and decomposing a plastic group from metal material and gasifying it, and a furnace 30 for combusting gas containing gasified hydrocarbon. Two furnaces are interconnected via a control valve. A screw feeder is disposed in a gasifying furnace 20, and a treated object is conveyed. In a steady operation state of the gasifying furnace 20, without combusting fuel for waste heat and fuel for heating, the conveyance speed of the treated object, air for gasification fed into the furnace, the exhaust amount of exhaust gas, and the supply amount of the treated object are controlled to suppress the temperature of the exhaust gas to 700 °C or lower. In the combustion furnace 30, the fed gas is combusted at 900 °C or lower. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention relates to an incineration apparatus for a packaging film that has been subjected to metal foil treatment.

The film that wraps the product contains a catch phrase, message, contents, trademark, etc. that advertises and introduces the product, and the packaging film itself has a product identification function. Since it has a function to maintain, the packaging film has a great influence on the sales of goods.
In particular, at present when the distribution mechanism and warehouse mechanism are complete, most products are distributed in film packaging.

  Therefore, the handling of packaging films is a very important issue for companies, and they were manufactured as packaging films but used as spare materials, but should not be used due to unnecessary packaging films, product content changes, design changes, etc. The resulting packaging film is usually disposed of in the company, in particular by combustion and disposal.

By the way, in order to further increase the consumer's willingness to purchase, packaging film emphasizes decorativeness, convenience, and the like. "For packaging film") is often used.
Generally, plastic films, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, and polyester (hereinafter collectively referred to as “plastics”), are used as film materials.

Incineration and disposal methods are used to dispose of plastic films. However, when incinerating packaging films that have been treated with metal foil as described above, treatment of plastics that are flammable materials and non-combustibility The two-sided nature of the metal foil treatment must be considered.
In the incineration treatment of plastics, it is necessary to suppress the generation of dioxins, and in the case of a film treated with aluminum foil, it is desirable to incinerate by preventing the aluminization in consideration of the reuse of aluminum.

Because of these circumstances, when incinerating a packaging film that has been treated with metal foil, it is easy to manage the process, so that the incineration waste treatment product (hereinafter referred to as “treatment product”) is carried in and burned. A so-called batch system has been adopted in which the residue is discharged separately. That is, the processed material is brought into the incinerator, burned, and when incineration is completed, the incinerator temperature is lowered, the residue is scraped mainly manually to clean the inside of the furnace, and then a new one is again formed. The procedure of carrying in and filling the processed material is sequentially performed.
Since the process of carrying in the processed material, the combustion process, and the discharge process of the residue are separate, it is only necessary to pay attention to the combustion state at the time of combustion. It would be enough to design the device.
However, in the batch method, a large amount of manpower is required for carrying in the processed material, processing the residue, and cleaning, and since the processing steps are separate, the scale of the apparatus has to be large.
Furthermore, since it is necessary to wait for the temperature in the incinerator to drop and then discharge the residue and carry in the processed material, the time for one treatment is inevitably long.

There is a continuous processing method as opposed to the batch method, but in the continuous processing method, the processing object is carried in, burned, and discharged continuously according to the incineration process, especially considering the combustion status of the processing object. Therefore, there are many technically difficult problems as compared with the batch processing type apparatus.
On the other hand, the continuous processing system has advantages that the processing steps are continuous, so that the entire apparatus can be reduced in size and the number of personnel required for operation can be reduced.

  In the present invention, focusing on the unique characteristics of plastic films, we have developed a downsized continuous processing incinerator that can be processed with a small amount of incineration fuel.

I searched the Gazette Text in the Patent Digital Library (public patent gazette) under the following conditions, but there is nothing that can be considered as applicable. "IPC" F23G5 /? F23G7 /? F23C6 /? F27B9 /? AND "Summary and claims" "Plus aluminum foil metal" AND "Summary and claims" "Incineration" Found 310 cases

It is an object of the present invention to provide an incinerator for a packaging film that has been treated with a metal foil and that is small, inexpensive and requires few operators.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, in the apparatus for incineration processing for a packaging film that has been subjected to metal foil processing, processing for carrying in processing, combustion processing, and discharging of residues are performed separately. Rather than adopting the technical means and control method necessary to carry in processing, gasification, combustion, and discharge processing continuously, the continuous incineration processing is made possible.

  In order to reduce the energy required for the incineration of the treated product, the invention according to claim 2 pays attention to the fact that the plastics once in a molten state generate an exothermic phenomenon if oxygen is present. By controlling, it was decided to gasify at a suitable temperature only with supply air without heating from the outside during steady operation.

  In order to secure the effect of the invention described in claim 2, as in the invention described in claim 3, a furnace divided into a gasification process furnace and a combustion process furnace is made to conduct by a conduit. The inside of both furnaces was kept in a negative pressure state, and a control valve was provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe from the furnace in the combustion process to ensure the processing control of the processed material.

Furthermore, in the invention according to claim 4, aluminum (including an aluminum alloy) is used for controlling the supply speed, supply air amount, and furnace pressure of the incineration product to use the furnace temperature in the gasification process as a metal foil. By controlling the supply air to 700 ° C or less to prevent aluminization, and controlling the furnace temperature in the combustion process to 900 ° C or less, the energy required for incineration is minimized and the generation of dioxins is reduced. It was decided to.

  Since the continuous processing method could be adopted, the apparatus became smaller and the installation area of the apparatus could be reduced. In addition, since the continuous processing type control operation is possible, a small number of operators are required, and in particular, no manual work is required for loading and unloading the processed material.

Since the heat generation phenomenon of plastics once in a molten state is actively used, the energy required for combustion can be reduced, and by controlling the amount of supply air, heating is performed from the outside during steady operation. Even if it is not, it can be gasified at a suitable temperature only with the supply air.
Moreover, by gasifying, the energy required for combustion can be reduced, further blackening can be prevented, and soot can be reduced.

  In addition, the gasification process furnace and the combustion process furnace, which are divided into two, are connected to each other by a conduit, and both furnaces are kept in a negative pressure state, and a control valve is provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe from the combustion process furnace. As a result, the processing control of the processed material can be ensured.

Furthermore, in order to prevent the aluminization of the aluminum used as the metal foil from controlling the supply speed, supply air, and furnace pressure of the incineration product, the furnace temperature in the gasification process is controlled to 700 ° C. or lower, and the supply air is further reduced. By controlling the temperature in the furnace in the combustion process to 900 ° C. or less, energy required for incineration can be minimized and generation of dioxins can be reduced.
In particular, the adjustment of the supply amount of the incinerated processed product is a control method that is possible only for the continuous processing method.

In the case of a film treated with an aluminum foil, it has become possible to prevent aluminization and to reuse it as aluminum.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First, the configuration of the apparatus will be described, followed by the processing method and the control method.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a schematic layout of the apparatus.
As shown in FIG. 1, the furnace for treating the waste-treated product of the present invention is a furnace (hereinafter simply referred to as “gasification furnace”) 20 for thermally melting and decomposing plastics from a metal material and gasifying them. And a furnace (hereinafter simply referred to as “combustion furnace”) 30 for burning a gas body (hereinafter referred to as “gas” as appropriate) that is gasified and containing hydrocarbons.
The two furnaces are connected by a 1-2 conduit 32, and the pressure in the furnace is maintained at a negative pressure by the suction fan F4. The negative pressure in the furnace is controlled by the control valve V3. It has become so.
The 1-2 conduit connecting the two furnaces is provided with an expansion joint 33 in order to absorb the influence of thermal expansion between the two furnaces.
Outputs of various devices used for automatic control are conducted to the control panel 40 by cables (indicated by broken lines in FIG. 1).

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a gasification furnace and peripheral devices, and shows a cross section of the gasification furnace.
In the gasification furnace, a cylindrical gasification furnace body 21 and a semi-cylindrical gasification air supply unit 22 provided at the lower part on the inlet side of the furnace constitute an airtight container.
The boundary between the cylindrical gasification furnace body and the semi-cylindrical gasification air supply section is a grate 23 so that heating gas or gasification air is fed while preventing the fall of the processed material. It has become.
A nozzle 25 as a processing material inlet is provided at the upper part on the inlet side of the furnace, a gas communication pipe 27 is provided at the upper part on the outlet side of the furnace, and a processed material discharge pipe 28 is provided at the lower part on the outlet side of the furnace.
In addition, a rotary valve V1 for receiving a control signal to drop the processed material is provided at the upper portion of the nozzle, and a hopper 11 for supplying the processed material is provided on the rotary valve V1.
Further, an air supply pipe 15 is provided on the inlet side of the gasification air supply unit, and air necessary for the gasification furnace is sent from the blower F1 through the control valve V2.
The outside of the furnace body is covered with a heat insulating material 29 to prevent the heat source in the furnace from being dissipated and to prevent the outside of the apparatus from becoming hot.
A screw-type transfer machine (hereinafter referred to as “screw feeder”) 17 is provided in the furnace body, and is rotated by an electric motor M1 provided at the end of the screw feeder so as to transfer the processed material. It has become.
Further, temperature sensors T1 and T2 and a pressure sensor P1 are attached to the furnace body.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the combustion furnace and peripheral devices, and shows a cross section of the combustion furnace.
The combustion furnace is provided with a combustion furnace body 31, a 1-2 conduit 32 on the combustion furnace inlet side, and an exhaust pipe 37 on the combustion furnace outlet side.
A heavy oil burner B2 is provided on the inlet side of the combustion furnace, and air necessary for combustion in the burner is sent from the blower F2 through the burner supply pipe 35.
Further, the air necessary for gas combustion is sent from the blower F3 through the gas combustion supply pipe 36 via the valve V4.
The outside of the furnace body is covered with a heat insulating material 39 to prevent the heat source in the furnace from being dissipated and to prevent the outside of the apparatus from becoming hot. In particular, since the temperature in the combustion furnace is higher than the temperature in the gasification furnace, a thicker heat insulating material is used.
As the heat insulating material around the heavy oil burner, an irregular refractory caster 38 is used.
The exhaust pipe 37 is provided with a suction blower F4 so that a negative pressure is maintained inside the furnace body.
Although not shown in the figure, a heat recovery device such as an exhaust heat boiler or a heat recovery hot water boiler may be provided at the exhaust outlet.

Below, the processing method of the processed material discarded is demonstrated.
The treated product is a film made of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyester, etc., bonded with aluminum foil, or deposited with aluminum, and printed with a catch phrase of a trademark or packaged product. This material is no longer needed. These are cut into a size of about 30 mm × 40 mm at the time of disposal.

The cut products are appropriately collected and put into the hopper 11 provided on the upper portion of the gasification furnace 20 from the ground by a bucket conveyor (not shown).
A necessary amount of the processed material supplied from the hopper is supplied to the gasification furnace 20 by the rotation of the rotary valve V1, and the supplied processed material is transferred to the outlet side of the gasification furnace by the screw feeder 17.

In the transition state to the steady operation state at the start of processing, a heat source is supplied from the LPG burner B1 provided in the gasification air supply unit 22 provided in the lower part on the inlet side of the gasification furnace 20, and the processed material is Although it depends on the properties of the plastics to be treated, it is heated to a temperature of 300 ° C. or lower, generally around 250 ° C., and is in a state of hot melt decomposition. In this state, the plastics are thermally melted and decomposed in a low oxygen (deprived oxygen) atmosphere.
The processed product once heated to the above temperature and in a hot melt decomposition state has a characteristic characteristic of plastics, and if oxygen is supplied even if the heat source of the LPG burner is turned off, the temperature rises and gasifies.
In the present invention, the temperature of the gasified gas body is controlled to be 700 ° C. or lower.
In addition, LPG burners are generally used in gasification furnaces, but in gasification furnaces, the burner usage time is short, LPG burners are easy to handle, and the apparatus does not require complex control for burner control. Because.

  When entering the steady operation state, the newly supplied processed material can be heated and decomposed by simply supplying oxygen using the processed material that has reached a high temperature as the heat source and the furnace body that has reached a high temperature as the heat source. It is completed in a short time, and then the gasification process proceeds.

  Metal pieces such as aluminum foil separated from the plastics are dropped and discharged from the treated product discharge pipe 28 and collected in the ashes receiving box 43.

The gas is led from the gas communication pipe 27 through the 1-2 conduit 32 to the combustion furnace 30 and is combusted by the combustion air and the heavy oil burner B2 fed from the blower F2 through the burner supply pipe 35.
During combustion, air necessary for gas combustion is supplied from the gas blower F3 through the valve V4 from the blower F3 and supplied so that the combustion temperature of the gas does not increase.
The reason why heavy oil burners are used in the combustion furnace is that a large amount of heat is required for gas combustion.

Next, combustion control will be described.
In the transition state to the steady operation state at the start of processing, it is necessary to first heat the supplied processed product to a predetermined temperature and maintain it in a state of hot melt decomposition. For this reason, the processed product is an LPG burner. While being heated from the furnace bottom in B1, it is transferred to the discharge side by the screw feeder 17 connected to the electric motor M1 whose speed is controlled (rotation controlled).
As the thermal melting and decomposition of the processed material proceeds, the furnace temperature and pressure rise, but the furnace temperature is detected by the temperature sensor T1, the furnace pressure is detected by the pressure sensor P1, and depending on the situation of the thermal melting and decomposition, The amount of burner combustion air sent from the blower F1 and the transfer speed of the screw feeder are subjected to PID control by controlling the degree of opening and closing of the control valve V2.
When a predetermined amount of the initially charged processed product reaches a predetermined temperature, the LPG burner is stopped, and the gasification air is continuously fed from the blower F1 via the control valve V2, and the state is shifted to a steady operation state.
The temperature at which the hot melt decomposition is performed depends on the properties of the plastics to be processed, but is approximately 250 ° C., and is set to approximately 500 ° C. with a margin at the start of operation. The temperature of about 500 ° C. takes into consideration the heat source required in the gasification process while preventing tarring of plastics.

When shifting to a steady operation state, the melted and decomposed plastics are self-combusted (hereinafter referred to as “self-combustion”) and generate heat by oxygen in the gasification air sent into the furnace.
In the normal control operation, the temperature and pressure in the furnace rise when self-combustion, but the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T2 becomes a predetermined temperature and the pressure detected by the pressure sensor P1 becomes a predetermined pressure. The gasification air fed into the furnace is automatically controlled by the degree of opening and closing of the valve 2, the amount of exhaust gas discharged is automatically controlled by the degree of opening and closing of the control valve V3, and the supply of the processed material is also automatically controlled by opening and closing the rotary valve V1. .
In particular, in a situation where urgent control is required, the transfer speed of the processed material to be gasified is added to the control target. In this case, the transfer speed of the processed material is controlled by rotation control of the electric motor M1 connected to the screw feeder 17.
For example, when the furnace temperature / pressure increases, the gas control air control valve V2 is closed, the control valve V3 for controlling the exhaust gas discharge amount is opened, and the processing from the rotary valve V1 is performed. PID control is performed so as to satisfy a preset relationship so as to reduce supply of goods.
Of course, a bucket conveyor (not shown) is also an object of control.
In an emergency, control is performed to increase the rotation speed of the electric motor and increase the transfer speed of the screw feeder.
Although the temperature of the exhaust gas depends on the properties of the plastics in the treated product, it is 700 ° C. or less. This temperature is from the viewpoint of preventing alumina from being aluminized, and the gasification rate, the gasification gas It is determined in consideration of the fact that calories are related to the combustion temperature during combustion.
For example, in the case of a polyethylene material, the processing speed is set early.
In terms of the control technique, mode control according to the properties of individual plastics is employed.

In a combustion furnace, it is necessary to suppress the combustion of gas below a certain temperature at which dioxins are not generated. Therefore, in general, the blower F3 is controlled in conjunction with the temperature sensor T4 to automatically control the air supply amount. .
In addition, odor is removed by combustion, and the occurrence of pollution can be prevented.
Generally, the amount of combustion air is automatically controlled so that the gas combustion temperature is 900 ° C. or less in order to prevent dioxins from being generated and to prevent carbonization of plastics.

Using a gasification furnace having a diameter of 305Φ and a length of 3500 mm, 75 kg / h of the treated material was gasified at a screw feeder transfer speed of 95.0 kg / h, temperatures T1 = 469 ° C., T2 = 672 ° C., Gases of the following components were obtained.
H ₂ : 3.7097 (%, the same applies hereinafter), 0 ₂ : 5.3671, N ₂ : 69.0210, CH ₄ : 2.2116, C _{2 O} : 5.4084, CO ₂ : 6.7735, C ₂ H ₄ : 4.2428, C ₂ H ₆ : 0.2618, C ₂ H ₂ : 0.77781, and the calorific value thereof was 5389 kJ / m ³ .
The amount of gas generated was 157 kg / h (179 Nm ³ / h).
This is burned in a combustion furnace by adding 12.75 kg / h of heavy oil, 176.5 Nm ³ / h of burner combustion air and 316 kg / h of gas combustion air, and further supplying cooling air from the blower F 3 When exhausted by a suction blower, the total amount of exhaust gas was 4242 m ³ / h at 150 ° C. The pressure in the furnace at this time was −100 Pa in the gasification furnace and −200 Pa in the incinerator, the temperature of the exhaust gas was 898 ° C., and the ashes were 9.375 kg / h 2.

  Metal foil-treated packaging film is essential for modern daily life, while its disposal is considered to be the most difficult to generate pollution, but the present invention addresses this problem. Therefore, the industrial applicability is extremely high.

  In addition, the invention of the present application is useful in resource utilization and environmental conservation because it has focused on the unique properties of plastics and actively designed to gasify hydrocarbons to reduce the energy required for disposal. It is.

Furthermore, when the device of the present invention is commercialized, since the component parts are in many fields, it is useful in many industrial fields.

It is a side view which shows schematic arrangement | positioning of an apparatus. It is a side view which shows a gasification furnace and peripheral equipment, and shows a cross section about a gasification furnace. It is a side view which shows a combustion furnace and peripheral equipment, and shows a cross section about a combustion furnace.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Hopper 15 Air supply pipe 17 Screw feeder 20 Gasification furnace 30 Combustion furnace 21 Gasification furnace body 31 Combustion furnace body 22 Gasification air supply part 32 1-2 conduit 23 Grate 33 Expansion joint 25 Pipe stand 35 Burner air supply pipe
36 Gas Combustion Supply Pipe 27 Gas Communication Pipe 37 Exhaust Pipe 28 Processed Material Discharge Pipe 38 Amorphous Refractory Casters 29 Heat Insulation Material 39 Heat Insulation Material
40 Control panel
43 Ash receiving box B1 LPG burner P1 Pressure sensor B2 Heavy oil burner T1 Temperature sensor (for thermal melting decomposition detection)
F1 blower T2 temperature sensor (for gasification detection)
F2 blower T4 thermometer F3 blower V1 rotary valve F4 suction blower V2 valve (for gasification air control)
M1 motor V3 control valve
V4 valve

Claims (4)

  Incineration processing apparatus characterized by continuously carrying in, gasifying, burning, and discharging processes of incinerated processed materials in an apparatus for incineration processing for metal foil-treated packaging films   The invention according to claim 1, wherein in a steady state of gasification, the incineration is characterized in that gasification is performed only by supplying air without heating, utilizing the exothermic phenomenon of the film material in the incinerated material. Processing equipment   In the invention according to claim 1 and claim 2, the furnace divided into the gasification process furnace and the combustion process furnace is made into a single body by connecting them with a conduit, and both furnaces are kept in a negative pressure state, and the combustion process is performed. An incineration processing apparatus characterized in that a control valve is provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe from the furnace In the invention according to claims 1 to 3, the in-furnace temperature of the gasification step is controlled to 700 ° C. or less by controlling the treatment amount per unit time of the incinerated product, the amount of supply air, and the furnace pressure, An incineration apparatus characterized by controlling the supply of combustion air to control the furnace temperature in the combustion process to 900 ° C. or lower.

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