JP2006102593A - Vertical crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide vertical crusher constituted so as not only to suppress the vibration accompanying the high-speed rotation of a rotor to the utmost to reduce the necessity of the replacement of a part but also to extend the durable period of the crusher and capable of reducing the capacity of a motor to reduce power consumption and cost. <P>SOLUTION: In the vertical crusher equipped with a casing 1, the rotor 10 fixed to the upper end of the vertical rotary shaft 7 arranged in the casing 1, the pulley 20 provided to the lower end of the vertical rotary shaft 7 and a plurality of anvils 8 provided to the casing 1 in the outer peripheral region of the rotor 10 and constituted so as to discharge the lumpy material charged on the rotor 10 to the periphery by centrifugal force to allow it to impinge against the dead stock accumulated in the anvils 8 and/or the casing 1 to crush it, a weight 30 for applying a fly wheel effect is attached to the lower side of the rotor 10. Alternatively, a weight 40 may be attached to the lower side of the pulley. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a vertical crusher, and more particularly to a vertical crusher used for crushing a lump such as natural rock into a predetermined particle size and adjusting the particle shape.

Lumps such as natural rock are crushed according to various uses such as concrete aggregates, paving stones, roadbed materials, etc., but as one of the crushers for crushing lump like this There is a vertical crusher (for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3).
Such a conventional vertical crusher has a structure as shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, the vertical crusher includes a housing 4a in a casing 1a having a lid 2a on the upper side that can be opened and closed by an opening / closing mechanism 3a. A vertical rotation shaft 7a is provided in the housing 4a so as to be rotatable through bearings 5a and 6a. The vertical rotation shaft 7a has a rotor 10a fixed to the upper end side and a pulley 20a fixed to the lower end side. The rotor 10a basically includes a disc-shaped rotor main body 11a, a circular distribution plate 12a provided at the center of the upper surface of the rotor main body 11a, and a plurality of blades 13a arranged at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction. . Further, the vertical rotation shaft 7a rotates forward and backward by a belt wound around a pulley 20a fixed to the lower end thereof, a motor (not shown), and the like.

The rotor 10a is a part that receives a lump that is input from above through the chute while the lid 2a is released, and discharges it to the side by centrifugal force, and has a strength and a mass corresponding thereto. When the rotor 10a rotates at a high speed, the lump released to the side by centrifugal force collides with the anvil 8a attached to the periphery, the dead stock that is a lump accumulated on the dead stock forming plate 9a, It is crushed.
In such a vertical crusher, the rotor 10a rotates at a high speed in order to increase the crushing efficiency by increasing the centrifugal force applied to the lump. A liner is attached to the surface of the rotor 10a in order to prevent wear due to the lump hitting, minute breakage, etc., but while operating the vertical crusher and continuing crushing the lump, The parts constituting the rotor 10a are inevitably worn, and the balance of the rotor 10a is lost due to the wear of such parts.

  This state will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 schematically shows only the rotating portion of the vertical crusher of FIG. 5, and when the vertical crusher is operated, when the mass lump on the upper side of the rotor 10a is placed and rotated at high speed. Conceivable. Thus, the average amount of the lump that is placed on the upper side of the rotor 10a, the center of gravity G1 of the upper part of the bearing 5a including the rotor 10a and the center of gravity G2 of the lower part of the bearing 6a including the pulley 20a are bowl-shaped. In the initial state of the crusher, it is on the rotation center line of the vertical rotary shaft 7a. However, when the vertical crusher is operated for a long time and the rotating part is worn, an imbalance occurs particularly in the rotor 10a, and the bearing 5a. The center of gravity of the upper part becomes G1 ′ decentered by a distance a from the rotation center line of the vertical rotation shaft 7a. Due to the decentering of the center of gravity, vibration is generated by high-speed rotation. During high-speed rotation, this vibration value becomes large, causing troubles in operation and eventually shortening the life of the vertical crusher. Further, when the vertical crusher vibrates, the bearings 5a, 6a, etc., supporting the vertical rotating shaft 7a vibrate slightly, and an excessive load may be applied to the support portions of the bearings 5a, 6a, etc., thereby shortening the life. It was.

  Conventionally, as a countermeasure against wear on the outer surface of the rotor, it has been considered to make it possible to replace a particularly easily worn portion (for example, Patent Document 4, Patent Document 5, and Patent Document 6). When replacing worn parts, it is necessary to adjust the weight of the replacement parts and balance the rotor as much as possible, and the actual part replacement work is complicated. Moreover, performing parts replacement | work operation | work is also reducing the operating rate of a vertical crusher.

Furthermore, controlling the rotational speed of the rotor in order to improve the wear life of the rotor of the vertical crusher is also considered (for example, Patent Document 7). However, no countermeasures have been taken especially against vibration increase due to rotor wear, and the conventional control method for crusher vibration is to monitor the vibration value of the machine frame and issue an alarm if the set value is exceeded. In general, control is performed so that the operation is stopped and the operation is stopped. Therefore, if the operating time becomes longer and the parts wear, the balance of the entire rotor will be lost and vibration will increase, causing frequent vibrations, including abnormal wear of parts and damage due to contamination. The sensor was also supposed to work.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-275727 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-091185 JP 2003-181313 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-309484 JP 05-317735 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 04-050137 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 04-100551

  On the other hand, apart from problems of vertical crusher parts wear and rotor vibration, there are issues with vertical crusher costs and operating costs. In recent years, it has been requested to reduce costs for crushing lump. Has been. As the amount of raw material input to the vertical crusher increases, the motor load for rotating the rotor increases. To increase the crushing amount, the motor capacity must be increased. Increases and costs increase. Therefore, the crushing amount of the vertical crusher is limited by the rated current value of the motor.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems in the prior art, and achieves the following object.
An object of the present invention is to provide a vertical crusher that can suppress vibrations associated with the rotation of a rotor at a high speed as much as possible, reduce the necessity for replacement of parts, and extend the service life.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a vertical crusher that can reduce the power consumption and the cost by reducing the capacity of the motor with respect to the crushing amount of the object to be crushed. .

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention takes the following means.
The vertical crusher according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a casing, a vertical rotation shaft rotatably provided in the casing, a rotor fixed to the upper end side of the vertical rotation shaft, and a lower end side of the vertical rotation shaft. Provided with a pulley for transmitting rotational driving force and an anvil provided in the casing so as to face the outer periphery of the rotor, and the mass put on the rotor is discharged to the surroundings by centrifugal force In the vertical crusher which collides with the anvil and / or dead stock accumulated in the casing and crushes,
The rotor is attached to the lower side with a first weight for giving a flywheel effect to a rotating portion including the vertical rotating shaft and the rotor.

The vertical crusher of the present invention 2 is the present invention 1,
The first weight has a weight and a moment of inertia that can substantially suppress vibration caused by wear of the rotor.

The vertical crusher of the present invention 3 is the present invention 1 or 2,
A second weight for giving a flywheel effect to the rotating portion is attached to the pulley on the lower side.

The vertical crusher of the present invention 4 is the present invention 3,
The second weight has a weight and a moment of inertia that can substantially suppress vibration caused by wear of the rotor.

The vertical crusher of the present invention 5 is the present invention 1,
The pulley is formed to have an outer diameter and a weight that give a predetermined flywheel effect to the rotating portion.

  As described above, in the vertical crusher of the present invention, the first weight is attached to the lower side of the rotor, the second weight is attached to the lower side of the pulley, or the diameter of the pulley is increased to increase the diameter of the rotating portion. The center of gravity was lowered and the flywheel effect of the rotating part was enhanced. As a result, vibration is suppressed even if imbalance due to wear of the rotor occurs to some extent, so that the vibration sensor is not frequently operated, and management of the vibration sensor and maintenance of the vertical crusher are facilitated. In addition, the necessity of replacing the parts of the vertical crusher can be suppressed, and the service life can be extended. Furthermore, since the capacity of the motor can be reduced with respect to the crushing amount, the power consumption can be reduced, the running cost can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced and the energy can be saved.

An embodiment of a vertical crusher of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. The basic configuration of the vertical crusher is described in detail in the above-mentioned patent document, so detailed description thereof will be omitted, and the components for performing the crushing process will be described in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention. A brief explanation will be given based on the above.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of an embodiment of a vertical crusher of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a rotating part of the vertical crusher of the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of another embodiment of the vertical crusher of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of still another embodiment of the vertical crusher of the present invention. It is.

An embodiment of a vertical crusher of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of an embodiment of a vertical crusher of the present invention, and shows a configuration in which a weight (first weight) 30 is attached to the lower side of a rotor 10.
The vertical crusher includes a casing 1 having a lid 2 on the upper side that is attached to be opened and closed by an opening and closing mechanism 3. A housing 4 is supported in the casing 1, and a vertical rotary shaft 7 is rotatably supported in the housing 4 via bearings 5 and 6. A rotor 10 is fixed to the upper end side of the vertical rotation shaft 7, and a pulley 20 is fixed to the lower end side of the vertical rotation shaft 7. The rotor 10 includes a disc-shaped rotor main body 11, a circular distribution plate 12 provided at the center of the upper surface of the rotor main body, and a plurality of blades 13 arranged at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction. Yes. A weight (first weight) 30 is attached to the lower side of the rotor 10. The vertical rotating shaft 7 is rotated in the forward and reverse directions by a belt wound around a pulley 20 fixed to the lower end thereof, a motor (not shown), and the like.

  The rotor 10 is a part that receives a lump that is input from above through a chute or the like with the lid 2 released, and discharges it to the side by centrifugal force, and has a strength and a mass corresponding thereto. The lump released to the side by the centrifugal force when the rotor 10 rotates at high speed collides with the anvil 8 and the dead stock that is accumulated on the dead stock forming plate 9 attached around the rotor 10. Crushed.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing only the rotating part of the vertical crusher. As shown in FIG. 2, the weight 30 is attached to the lower side of the rotor 10 to lower the center of gravity of the rotating part as much as possible and to enhance the flywheel effect of the rotating part, so that wear of parts and the like constituting the rotor 10, This is to reduce the influence of unbalance of the rotating part due to minute breakage or the like and suppress vibration.

  The center of gravity of the portion above the bearing 5 when the weight 30 is attached to the lower side of the rotor 10 is a combination of the center of gravity G1 when the weight 30 is not attached and the center of gravity G3 of the weight 30 and is synthesized. The height of the center of gravity is lower than the center of gravity G1. The weight 30 is on the lower side of the rotor 10 and is not so worn even if the operation is continued, and the center of gravity G3 is considered not to change substantially. For this reason, even if the center of gravity G1 becomes the center of gravity G1 'decentered by the distance a from the rotation center line of the vertical rotation shaft 7a due to wear of the rotor 10, the center of gravity is a combination of the center of gravity G3 of the weight 30 and the center of gravity G1'. Is lower than the center of gravity G1 'without the weight 30, and is equivalent to having less eccentricity, thereby suppressing vibration.

  Thus, the weight 30 attached to the lower side of the rotor 10 lowers the center of gravity of the portion above the bearing 5, but it is preferable that the moment of inertia is large even if it has the same weight. By increasing the moment of inertia, the flywheel effect is enhanced, and the rotational stability is increased, so that the influence of unbalance due to wear of the rotor 10 is relatively reduced, which contributes to suppressing vibration. For this reason, the weight of the weight 30 corresponds to the weight of the rotor 10 and the weight of the lump on the rotor 10 on the average, and the influence of unbalance due to wear of the rotor 10 during operation is reduced. It is preferable that the shape is as large as possible, and is formed in a ring shape or a shape composed of a plurality of portions arranged in rotational symmetry at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of another embodiment of the vertical crusher of the present invention. In this other embodiment, a weight (first weight) 30 is attached to the lower side of the rotor 10 and a weight (second weight) 40 is also attached to the lower side of the pulley 20. In the description of the other embodiments, the same parts as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
In this other embodiment, in order to further lower the center of gravity of the rotating portion, the weight 40 is similarly attached to the lower portion of the bearing 6, particularly to the lower side of the pulley 20. The weight 40 may have a weight substantially the same as that of the weight 30, a shape that matches the weight of the pulley 20, and the like. Since the pulley 20 does not wear during the operation of the vertical crusher like the rotor 10, the weight 40 is not as large as the weight 30 in terms of suppressing vibration due to unbalance. Therefore, in the present invention, the weight 30 on the lower side of the rotor 10 is indispensable, but the weight 40 on the lower side of the pulley 20 may be a small scale or may be omitted depending on circumstances.

  Still another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The center of gravity of the portion below the bearing 6 when the weight 40 is attached to the lower side of the pulley 20 is the center of gravity obtained by synthesizing the center of gravity G2 when the weight 40 is not attached and the center of gravity G4 of the weight 40. The height is lowered. In this way, it is preferable to lower the center of gravity of the rotating part as much as possible and to enhance the flywheel effect of the rotating part, thereby reducing the influence of unbalance of the rotating part due to wear of parts and suppressing vibrations.

  In addition, when both the weights 30 and 40 are attached as in this other embodiment (see FIG. 3), the center of gravity of the rotating part is lowered as much as possible due to the synergistic effect of both, The flywheel effect is further enhanced, and the effect of suppressing vibration by reducing the influence of unbalanced rotating parts due to wear of parts is preferable.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of still another embodiment of the vertical crusher of the present invention. In this embodiment, the weight 30 is attached to the lower side of the rotor 10, and the pulley 20b has a larger diameter than the pulley 20 (see FIG. 1) of the above-described embodiment. In the description of the other embodiments, the same parts as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted.
In the other embodiments described above, the weight 40 is attached to the lower side of the pulley 20, but when only the flywheel effect is considered, the pulley 20b is replaced with a larger diameter as shown in FIG. You can also. Thus, the effect similar to the effect mentioned above can be produced by enlarging the pulley 20b and setting it as a predetermined diameter and weight.

  That is, by attaching the weight 30 to the lower side of the rotor 10 and increasing the diameter of the pulley 20b, the center of gravity of the rotating portion is lowered, the flywheel effect is enhanced, and the rotor 10 is continuously operated by the operation of the vertical crusher. The occurrence of vibration due to the unbalance is suppressed even if the wear of these parts occurs to some extent.

  As described above, the unbalance of the rotating portion occurs when the center of gravity of the rotor 10 is decentered from the rotation center line of the vertical rotating shaft 7 due to wear. The vibration of the rotating portion is caused by the eccentricity of the center of gravity from the rotation center line of the vertical rotating shaft 7 as described above, but also occurs when the rotating portion has an unbalanced couple as a whole. The unbalanced couple is a state in which a component having an equal magnitude is left in an opposite direction with a load due to the eccentricity of the center of gravity at an interval. When attaching the weights 30 and 40 to the lower side of the rotor 10 and the pulley 20 or increasing the diameter of the pulley 20b, the rotating part is actually less affected by unbalanced couples. It is desirable to determine the weight, shape, etc. of the weight in consideration.

  Thus, by attaching the weights 30 and 40 to the lower side of the rotor 10 and the pulley 20 or increasing the diameter of the pulley 20b, the inertial moment of the rotating part increases, so the starting torque of the vertical crusher is large. Thus, the time to reach the steady rotation state becomes long. However, in the steady rotation state, even when the input amount of the block is increased, the influence is small, and stable rotation can be maintained. Therefore, a motor having a smaller capacity than the conventional one can be adopted for the same processing amount, and overall power consumption can be reduced. When a motor having the same capacity as the conventional one is used, the amount of crushing treatment can be increased.

As mentioned above, although various forms were demonstrated, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this form.
For example, the weight may be provided with a screw hole for detachably attaching a weight for balance adjustment at a predetermined angle on the outer peripheral portion or the outer peripheral side of the lower end surface. When an imbalance due to rotor wear occurs, it is preferable that the balance adjusting weight is screwed into the screw hole and fixed so that the imbalance is reduced, so that the occurrence of vibrations in the vertical crusher can be suppressed. Further, the shape of the weight and the like may be other shapes as long as they do not depart from the purpose and spirit of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of an embodiment of a vertical crusher of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a rotating part of the vertical crusher of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of another embodiment of the vertical crusher of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of still another embodiment of the vertical crusher of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of a conventional vertical crusher. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a rotating portion of a conventional vertical crusher.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1a ... casing
2, 2a ... Lid 3, 3a ... Opening / closing mechanism 4, 4a ... Housing 5, 5a ... Upper bearing 6, 6a ... Lower bearing 7, 7a ... Vertical rotating shaft 8, 8a ... Anvil 9, 9a ... Dead stock Forming plate 10, 10a ... Rotor 11, 11a ... Rotor body 12, 12a ... Distribution plate 13, 13a ... Wing plate 20, 20a, 20b ... Pulley 30 ... Weight 40 ... Weight G1 ... Above bearing 5 without weight 30 G1 '... Center of gravity of the upper part of the bearing 5 when the rotor is worn G2 ... Center of gravity of the rotating part below the bearing 6 without the weight 40 G3 ... Center of gravity of the weight 30 G4 ... Center of gravity of weight 40

Claims (5)

A casing, a vertical rotating shaft rotatably provided in the casing, a rotor fixed to the upper end side of the vertical rotating shaft, and a pulley provided on the lower end side of the vertical rotating shaft and transmitting rotational driving force And an anvil provided in the casing so as to oppose the outer periphery of the rotor, and the lump that has been thrown on the rotor is discharged to the surroundings by centrifugal force so that the anvil and / or the casing In a vertical crusher that collides with dead stock accumulated in
A vertical crusher, wherein a first weight for giving a flywheel effect to a rotating part including the vertical rotation shaft and the rotor is attached to the rotor. In the vertical crusher according to claim 1,
The vertical crusher is characterized in that the first weight has a weight and a moment of inertia that can substantially suppress vibration caused by wear of the rotor. In the vertical crusher according to claim 1 or 2,
A vertical crusher, wherein a second weight for giving a flywheel effect to the rotating portion is attached to the pulley. In the vertical crusher according to claim 3,
The vertical crusher is characterized in that the second weight has a weight and a moment of inertia that can substantially suppress vibration caused by wear of the rotor. In the vertical crusher according to claim 1 or 2,
The said pulley is formed so that it may have an outer diameter and weight which give a predetermined flywheel effect to the said rotation part. The vertical crusher characterized by the above-mentioned.

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