JP2006164540A - Device and method for reproducing lead battery - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device and a method for reproducing a lead battery capable of shortening regeneration time by managing temperature of the lead battery. <P>SOLUTION: The lead battery reproducing device 10 of this invention having a pulse current generation means 14 applying a direct-current pulse current to the lead battery 11 for removing a lead sulphate layer of an electrode surface is provided with a temperature measuring means 15 directly measuring the temperature of the lead battery 11 during energization and a current control means 16 connected with the pulse current generation means 14 and the temperature measuring means 15 and changing a wave form of the direct-current pulse current according to the difference of the temperature of the lead battery 11 measured by the temperature measuring means 15 and a preset temperature to converge the temperature of the lead-acid battery to the preset temperature. The lead battery reproducing device 10 uses the lead battery regeneration method for continuously or periodically measuring the temperature of the lead battery 11 to converge the temperature of the lead-acid battery to the preset temperature according to the difference of the temperature of the lead battery 11 and the preset temperature. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a lead battery regenerating apparatus and a lead battery regenerating method for recovering the capacity of a lead battery that is often used for applications such as driving and emergency power supplies.

  Lead batteries are widely used for starting automobiles, driving forklifts and golf carts, communication equipment, computers, and emergency power supplies for production lines. Lead batteries are judged to have a lifetime of 2 to 5 years, depending on their specifications, usage conditions and environment. Although the deteriorated lead battery is disposed as waste, it has a large environmental load, and the cost for replacing it with a new one is large, which is a burden on the owner.

The electrode of the lead battery is formed in a spongy shape having a large number of pores on the surface, and this structure increases the surface area to increase the capacity. If the lead battery is repeatedly charged and discharged, inactive lead sulfate (PbSO ₄ ) is deposited and deposited on the electrode surface to form a lead sulfate layer, which closes the pores. Decrease. Conventionally, a method for recovering the capacity of the lead battery and recycling it has been devised.

  Conventionally, as a method of recovering the capacity of a lead battery, a method of removing a lead sulfate layer on the electrode surface by passing a high-frequency pulse current through the lead battery is known. For example, the regeneration method of the lead storage battery of Patent Document 1 includes a first step of reducing lead sulfate deposited on the electrode surface by flowing a DC pulse current from the anode to the cathode of the lead storage battery, and electrolyzing the carbon suspension. And a second step of activating the anode of the lead storage battery using the liquid.

  When high-frequency pulse current is applied to the lead battery, lead sulfate on the electrode surface dissolves into the electrolyte. By applying a pulse current for several hours to several tens of hours, the lead sulfate layer is removed and the lead battery is regenerated. The temperature of the lead battery gradually increases immediately after the start of energization, but after that, the amount of heat generated by energization and the amount of heat released to the air become the same, and the temperature is considered to be substantially constant. In Patent Document 1, a pulse voltage having a frequency of about 2 kHz to 12 kHz and a DC pulse current of about 1 to 8 A is output manually or by feedback control using the DC pulse current as a target value. The DC pulse current is allowed to flow for about 8 to 12 hours. The electrode is activated by using the carbon suspension.

JP 2000-40537 A

  However, since the battery regeneration method of Patent Document 1 does not have a temperature measuring means, it cannot measure the temperature during energization. Therefore, if the temperature of the lead battery gradually rises and exceeds the limit temperature during energization for more than 10 hours, the electrolyte will boil, the electrode plate will be damaged and the lead battery will deteriorate and become unrecyclable. It is possible to become. In order to prevent the temperature of the lead battery from exceeding the limit temperature by the initial setting, it may be possible to reduce the initial current setting value. However, there is a problem that the processing efficiency of the lead sulfate layer deteriorates and the processing time becomes long. At present, regeneration of lead batteries takes a very long time. Therefore, in order to efficiently perform regeneration processing of a large number of lead batteries, it is necessary to shorten the processing time as much as possible. The degree of electrode regeneration is substantially proportional to the amount of pulse energization, and the regeneration process can be completed in a short time if the entire energization amount necessary for completion of regeneration can be passed in a short time.

  Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a lead battery regenerating apparatus and a lead battery regenerating method capable of managing the temperature of the lead battery and reducing the regeneration processing time.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a lead battery regenerator according to the present invention is a lead battery regenerator having a pulse current generating means for removing a lead sulfate layer on the electrode surface by passing a direct current pulse current through the lead battery. A temperature measuring means for directly measuring the temperature of the lead battery, and connected to the pulse current generating means and the temperature measuring means, according to the difference between the temperature of the lead battery measured by the temperature measuring means and a set temperature, Current control means for changing the waveform of the direct-current pulse current output from the pulse current generating means to converge the temperature of the lead storage battery to a set temperature. The current control means can adjust the direct current pulse current, for example, in a range where the current peak value is 1 to 3 times the charge rate for one hour, the pulse width is 50 μs or less, and the repetition frequency is 2 to 10 kHz. In addition, the current control means can also adjust the energization time and rest time of one intermittent cycle.

  When the lead battery temperature is measured directly by the temperature measurement means during energization, it does not take into account changes in the electrical state such as changes in the internal resistance of the lead battery, compared to the case where the temperature is calculated from measured values of current and voltage The temperature of the lead battery can be measured accurately.

  In addition, since the temperature measuring means can be installed by specifying the part where the temperature is likely to rise, it can be measured with high accuracy, and the lead battery is prevented from partially reaching the limit temperature and being damaged.

  In addition, since the temperature of the lead battery can be accurately measured using the temperature measuring means, the initial setting value of the pulse current can be maximized within the adjustable range, and the lead sulfate layer can be removed. It can be done efficiently.

  The average current means a value obtained by averaging the magnitudes of currents in one intermittent cycle. The set temperature is set lower than the limit temperature at which the lead battery electrode is damaged.

  The current control means may be either an analog type or a digital type. The temperature measuring means can measure the temperature of the lead battery continuously or periodically (discretely) by the method of the current control means.

  Further, the current control means changes the waveform of the DC pulse current according to the difference between the temperature measured by the temperature measurement means and the set temperature, and converges the temperature of the lead storage battery to the set temperature. As a control method performed by the current control means, for example, a difference between the measured temperature and the set temperature is input using PID control, and the output value is set to converge to the set temperature. In other words, the proportional term, integral term, and derivative term constants of the control equation are set so that the measured temperature converges to the set temperature, and if overshoot occurs, the overshoot amount is set to the limit temperature. Set so as not to exceed the temperature difference. By configuring the current control means in this way, the initial average current can be increased, and the lead battery does not reach the limit temperature and the electrode is not damaged. In addition to PID control, PI control and I control can also be used. It is also possible to converge the temperature of the lead storage battery near the set temperature using proportional control.

  Increasing the temperature of the electrolyte improves the solubility of lead sulfate in the electrolyte, so the lead sulfate layer attached to the electrode is easily dissolved in the electrolyte, so increasing the initial average current, The electrolyte reaches the set temperature in a short time. Thereafter, by converging the average current to the set temperature, the pulse current can be kept flowing while maintaining the high temperature state of the lead battery, and the lead sulfate layer can be removed efficiently and continuously.

  Providing the current control means with a function of changing the current peak value, pulse width, repetition frequency, or intermittent period of the pulse current has the effect that a parameter for reducing the average current can be freely selected. When the above parameters are used alone, the average current is reduced by reducing the current peak value, reducing the pulse width, reducing the repetition frequency, or increasing the ratio of the pause time to the energization time of one intermittent cycle. Get smaller. Also, for example, the average current can be reduced by changing two or more parameters in combination, such as doubling the current peak value and triple the pause time.

  If the lead battery regenerator is provided with a cooling means for cooling the lead battery that is being energized, the temperature rise width due to the energization is reduced, and a large amount of current can flow in a range that does not exceed the limit temperature. For example, the cooling means may be one that constantly cools the lead battery, or one that operates when the temperature reaches a predetermined set value by controlling the operation by the current control means.

  When the temperature measuring means is a temperature sensor immersed in the electrolyte solution in the cell of the lead battery or a temperature sensor attached to the outside of the cell, the temperature of the lead battery can be directly measured, and a more accurate temperature can be measured. Can do. As the temperature sensor, for example, a resistance wire, a thermocouple, a thermistor, or the like can be used, and each is provided with a coating or covered with a casing to ensure electrical insulation. In addition, it is preferable that these coating | coated and casings have the acid resistance of the grade which does not melt | dissolve in dilute sulfuric acid in order to prevent the corrosion by electrolyte solution.

  The lead battery regeneration method of the present invention comprises a pulse current generating means for removing a lead sulfate layer on the electrode surface by passing a direct current pulse current through the lead battery, a temperature measuring means for directly measuring the temperature of the lead battery during energization, A lead battery regeneration method using a lead battery regeneration device having the pulse current generation means and a current control means connected to the temperature measurement means, wherein the temperature of the lead battery is continuously increased using the temperature measurement means. Or it measures regularly and changes the waveform of the said DC pulse current according to the difference of the measured temperature and preset temperature, and converges the temperature of the said lead acid battery to preset temperature. If the average temperature is increased when the measurement temperature is lower than the set temperature, the rate of increase in the temperature of the electrolyte solution of the lead battery increases, and the temperature of the electrolyte solution increases quickly. On the other hand, if the average current is reduced when the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the temperature rise is prevented and the set temperature is maintained. The lead sulfate layer is a solidified lead sulfate in the electrolyte, and the higher the temperature, the easier it will be to elute in the electrolyte, so by continuing to flow the pulse current while keeping the temperature of the electrolyte high, The removal efficiency of the lead sulfate layer is improved.

The present invention has the following effects.
(1) A temperature measuring means for directly measuring the temperature of the lead battery, and a waveform of a direct current pulse current output from the pulse current generating means in accordance with the difference between the temperature of the lead battery measured by the temperature measuring means and the set temperature. And a current control means for converging the temperature of the lead storage battery to the set temperature, so that the temperature during the regeneration process can be measured accurately, preventing damage to the electrodes, etc. The lead sulfate layer can be continuously removed while maintaining the above, and the regeneration time of the battery can be shortened.
(2) When the current control means is provided with a function to change the current peak value, pulse width, repetition frequency or intermittent cycle of the pulse current, the parameters for reducing the average current can be freely selected, and appropriate parameters can be selected. Thus, the battery regeneration time can be shortened.
(3) Providing a cooling means to cool the lead battery during energization reduces the temperature rise due to energization, allowing a large amount of current to flow within a range that does not exceed the limit temperature, and removing the lead sulfate layer efficiently It can be performed frequently to shorten the battery regeneration time.
(4) If the temperature measuring means is a temperature sensor immersed in the electrolyte in the cell of the lead battery or a temperature sensor attached to the outside of the cell, the temperature of the lead battery can be directly measured, and a more accurate temperature is measured. Therefore, the set temperature can be controlled close to the limit temperature, and the lead sulfate layer can be efficiently removed to shorten the battery regeneration time.
(5) Measure the temperature of the lead battery using temperature measuring means, change the waveform of the DC pulse current according to the difference between the measured temperature and the set temperature, and converge the temperature of the lead storage battery to the set temperature Therefore, by continuing to flow the pulse current while maintaining the temperature of the electrolytic solution at a high temperature, the removal efficiency of the lead sulfate layer is improved and the regeneration time of the battery can be shortened.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a lead battery regenerator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the lead battery regenerator 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention generates a pulse current that causes a DC pulse current to flow through the lead battery 11 to remove the lead sulfate layer on the surfaces of the electrodes 12 and 13. Means 14 are provided. Further, the lead battery regenerator 10 includes a temperature sensor 15 which is an example of a temperature measuring means for directly measuring the temperature of the lead battery 11 being energized, a pulse current generating means 14, and a current control means 16 connected to the temperature sensor 15. It has. This will be described in detail below.

The lead battery 11 stores an electrolytic solution 19 mainly composed of dilute sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) in a casing 18 having a sealing lid 17. Further, the terminal voltage between the electrodes 12 and 13 per cell of the lead battery 11 is about 2V. For example, if used for automobiles, 6 cells have a terminal voltage of about 12V. The electrodes 12 and 13 are made of a material mainly composed of lead (Pb), and are formed in a sponge shape having a large number of pores on the surface.

  The temperature sensor 15 is immersed in the electrolytic solution 19 in the cell through the electrolytic solution inlet 27 formed in the sealing lid 17 of the lead battery 11. It is possible to prepare a plurality of temperature sensors 15 and arrange and use them for each cell, but it is also possible to arrange and use only the cells near the center where the temperature is most likely to rise. The temperature sensor 15 can be used by being attached to the outside of the cell.

  The pulse current generating means 14 can output a current peak value in the range of 1 to 3 times the charge rate for one hour, a pulse width of 50 μs or less, and a repetition frequency of 2 to 10 kHz. The output terminals 20 and 21 of the pulse current generating means 14 Are provided only as a pair. By connecting the output terminals 20 and 21 of the pulse current generating means 14 to the connection terminals 22 and 23 at both ends of the lead battery 11, a DC pulse current can flow between the electrodes 12 and 13.

  The lead battery 11 is immersed in a water tank 24 which is an example of a cooling means. The water tank 24 stores cooling water therein, and includes protrusions 25 and 26 for placing the lead battery 11 inside the bottom. The protrusions 25 and 26 prevent the bottom portion of the lead battery 11 and the bottom portion of the water tank 24 from coming into direct contact, and the cooling water comes into contact with the bottom surface of the lead battery 11, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.

  The current control means 16 can input a signal from the temperature sensor 15 and convert it into a measured temperature, and can set a plurality of set temperatures. The current control means 16 can periodically perform an operation of inputting a signal from the temperature sensor 15 and converting it to a measured temperature, and further calculating a difference between the measured temperature and the set temperature. The current control means 16 performs digital processing of the signal input from the temperature sensor 15, but in the case of a configuration in which an analog signal is input from the temperature sensor for processing, the current control means 16 continuously receives the signal input from the temperature sensor. Can be processed.

  Further, the current control means 16 can set the current peak value, the pulse width, the repetition frequency, and the intermittent cycle as variables, corresponding to the difference between each measured temperature and the set temperature. When the temperature of the lead battery 11 being energized rises and the difference between the measured temperature obtained by converting the signal input from the temperature sensor 15 and the set temperature changes, the current control unit 16 changes the pulse current generation unit 14. The waveform of the DC pulse current is changed so as to converge to the set temperature.

  In the present embodiment, control is performed by PID control. The operation amount (amount of change in the average current value) is calculated by the operation amount = kp × deviation (proportional term) + ki × deviation (integral term) + kd × difference (derivative term) from the previous deviation. Here, the difference between the set temperature and the measured temperature is input as the deviation, and the constants kp, ki, and kd of each term are determined in advance by experiments so that the measured temperature converges to the set temperature. When reducing the average current, which is the manipulated variable, for example, it can be realized by reducing the current peak value, narrowing the pulse width, reducing the repetition frequency, and increasing the ratio of the pause time to the energization time of the intermittent cycle. it can. The current control means 16 stores in advance the set value of the average current or the set value of the waveform of the pulse current according to the temperature difference between the set temperature and the measured temperature, and calls and uses this set value. Is also possible.

  Although the water tank 24 can be configured as a part of the temperature control means, in the present embodiment, the lead battery is constantly cooled by cooling water, and the temperature of the water tank 24 is not controlled. As a cooling means, a heat exchanger can be provided in the water tank 24 to cool the cooling water in the water tank 24, or it can be cooled using a thermoelectric element such as Peltier instead of the water tank 24. These heat exchangers and thermoelectric elements can also be configured to be controlled by temperature control means.

Next, a lead battery regeneration method using the lead battery regeneration device 10 will be described. FIG. 2A is a graph showing a waveform of a DC pulse current generated from the pulse current generating means of the lead battery regenerating apparatus at a low temperature, and FIG. 2B is a graph showing the waveform of the pulse current generating means of the lead battery regenerating apparatus at a high temperature. It is the graph which showed the waveform of the direct current | flow pulse current to generate | occur | produce. The horizontal axes of (A) and (B) indicate time, and the vertical axis indicates the magnitude of current. FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between temperature rise and time in the lead battery regenerating method using the lead battery regenerating apparatus of the first embodiment. T ₁ is the temperature at the start of processing, T ₂ is the set temperature, and T ₃ is the limit temperature.

  As shown in FIG. 1, first, the lead battery 11 to be regenerated is immersed in the cooling water in the water tank 24, and the temperature sensor 15 is inserted from the electrolyte inlet 27 of the cell near the center of the lead battery 11. Immerse in the liquid 19. And the output terminals 20 and 21 of the pulse current generation means 14 of the lead battery regenerating apparatus 10 are connected to the connection terminals 22 and 23 of the cells at both ends of the lead battery, respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 2A and 3, the current control means 16 includes an initial current peak value I ₁ , a pulse width p, a repetition frequency f, an intermittent period t _s1 , an energization time t _t1, and a pause time t _p1. Are set respectively. The average current at this time is _Iav1 . In the present embodiment, the maximum average current generated by the pulse current generator 14 is set to _Iav1 .

When the operation amount by PID control decreases, the current control means 16 calculates an average current proportional to the operation amount, and changes the waveform of the pulse current so as to be a predetermined average current. That is, as shown in FIG. 2B, the intermittent cycle t _s2 and the pause time t _p2 are lengthened while maintaining the current peak value I ₁ , the pulse width p, and the repetition frequency f. At this time, the average current _Iav2 is smaller than the average current _Iav1 at the time of initial setting.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the lead battery regenerator 10 is operated, the pulse current generating means 14 generates a pulse having the waveform shown in FIG. 2A, and a direct current pulse is generated between the electrodes 12 and 13 of the lead battery 11. Current flows. By this direct current pulse current, the lead sulfate layer formed on the electrode 12 and the electrode 13 is gradually removed and dissolved in the electrolytic solution, and the temperature rise due to heat generation of the electrolytic solution and the electrodes 12 and 13 starts. In a state where the set temperature is very high compared to the measured temperature, the manipulated variable by PID control remains 100%, and I _av1 that is the maximum value of the average current continues to flow. In addition, since a part of generated heat is absorbed by the cooling water stored in the water tank 24, the rate of temperature increase is smaller than that in the case where no cooling means is provided.

As the measured temperature rises and approaches the set temperature, the operation amount of PID control calculated from the difference between the measured temperature of the lead battery 11 measured by the temperature sensor 15 and the set temperature starts to decrease from 100%, and pauses. Time tp ₁ gradually increases and approaches tp ₂ . During this time, the current control means 16 monitors the temperature of the lead battery 11 with the temperature sensor 15.

Lead battery reproducing apparatus 10 is operated with time t _1, and after the temperature of the lead battery 11 becomes T _2, measured temperature further rises, a so-called overshoot occurs. Since the current control means 16 determines the manipulated variable in consideration of overshoot, the measured temperature does not reach the limit temperature. It should be noted that by setting the manipulated variable constant so that overshoot does not occur, it is possible to bring the set temperature closer to the limit temperature and perform the regeneration process at a higher temperature.

  After the overshoot occurs, the measured temperature starts to gradually decrease and converges to the set temperature while repeating some vibrations. Thereafter, the lead battery regenerating apparatus 10 performs the regenerating process while keeping the temperature of the lead battery 11 substantially constant. Since the current control means 16 monitors the temperature of the lead battery 11 until the regeneration process is completed, even if the temperature of the lead battery 11 suddenly changes due to disturbances such as fluctuations in the outside air temperature, the current control means 16 returns to the set temperature again. It can be converged.

For example, if the temperature sensor 15 and the current control means 16 is not provided, when kept flowing a pulse current of initial setting, damage or electrolyte electrodes 12 and 13 the temperature of the lead battery 11 reaches the limit temperature T ₃ 19 such as boiling occurs. Further, if the average current is set to be small from the beginning, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 3, the processing temperature is lowered and the removal efficiency of the lead sulfate layer is lowered, so that energization for a long time is required. . In the present embodiment, since the converged reached in a short time to set the temperature T _2, is performed efficiently processed while maintaining the set temperature, the processing time is shortened. Incidentally, have set up limit temperature T ₃ to the current control unit 16, when the measured temperature is detected that has reached the limit temperature, it is preferable to be configured to completely stop energization.

  If an integrated ammeter is provided in the current control means 16, the energization is stopped when the energization amount reaches a preset energization amount. The current control means 16 incorporates a CCA (Cold Cranking Ampere) tester, sets a CCA value at a level that is judged as a non-defective product, measures the CCA value every predetermined time, You may comprise so that electricity supply may be stopped when a measured value reaches a set value. By using the lead battery regenerator 10 in this way, the lead sulfate layer can be efficiently removed within a predetermined time.

  Next, a lead battery regeneration method using the lead battery regeneration device 28 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The lead battery regenerator 28 of the second embodiment has the same configuration as that of the lead battery regenerator 10 of the first embodiment, and has the same configuration because the current control means 16 is only partially different. Are given the same numbers and their explanation is omitted.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature rise and time of the lead battery regenerating method using the lead battery regenerating apparatus of the second embodiment. T ₄ is the temperature at the start of processing, T ₅ and T ₆ are set temperatures, and T ₇ is the limit temperature. Also, _{t 3} is the time to reach the set temperature _{T 5, t 4} is the time to reach the set temperature _{T 6, t 5} indicates the processing end time. In this lead battery regeneration method, two types of set temperatures T ₅ and T ₆ are set to control the DC pulse current to manage the temperature.

The current control unit 16, the measured temperature is, the current peak value when less than the set temperature T _4, the pulse width, repetition frequency, intermittent period setting value of the DC pulse current of such energization time and pause time are set respectively The average current at this time is I _av3 . The average current _{I AV4} when the set temperature is T4, the average current _{I AV5} when the set temperature is _T5, set the I _av3> I _av4> set value of the DC pulse current so that _{I AV5} ing. The magnitude of the average current I _AV4 is set slightly larger than the average current I _av2 lead battery regeneration method of the first embodiment, the temperature of the lead battery 11 is flowed an average current I _AV4 gradually increases . The size of the average current I _AV5 is set slightly smaller than the average current I _av2 lead battery regeneration method of the first embodiment, the temperature of the lead battery 11 is flowed an average current I _AV5 gradually Descend.

When the lead battery regenerator 28 is connected to the lead battery 11 and operated, a DC pulse current having a magnitude of the average current I _av3 flows until the measured temperature of the lead battery 11 rises from T ₄ to T ₅ . Temperature rises, the measured temperature is T _5, set the current control means 16 is changed, the DC pulse current of the average current I _AV4 is caused to flow from the pulse current generator 14.

Ratio of temperature rise when the average current I _AV4 is the average current I becomes smaller than the rate of temperature rise when the _av3, measured temperature reaches T ₆ gradually rises to. When the temperature is T ₆ rises, the setting of the current control means 16 is changed, the DC pulse current of the average current I _AV5 is passed from the pulse current generator 14, the temperature of the lead battery 11 is gradually lowered.

When the temperature of the lead battery 11 is _{T 5} again, the average current is set such that _{I AV4} from _{I AV5} is changed, the temperature of the lead battery 11 rises again. Until the reproduced process is completed, the temperature of the lead battery 11 is comprised within the range of T ₅ through T _6, it is possible to control the temperature accurately.

  Next, a lead battery regeneration method using the lead battery regeneration device 29 according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described. The lead battery regenerator 29 of the second embodiment has the same configuration as that of the lead battery regenerator 10 of the first embodiment, and has the same configuration because the current control means 16 is only partially different. Are given the same numbers and their explanation is omitted.

For example, when the temperature fluctuates, such as when the lead battery regenerator 29 is used outdoors, the amount of heat released from the lead battery regenerator 29 being energized into the air is difficult to predict, so the temperature is kept constant. It may be difficult to set the average current. In the present embodiment, the temperature of the lead battery 11 is periodically measured using the temperature sensor 15, and when the measured temperature is lower than the set temperature T ₂ , the waveform of the DC pulse current becomes larger in average current. varied as, if the measured temperature is higher than the set temperature T ₂ is the waveform of a DC pulse current is varied such that the average current decreases.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the current control means 16 has a current peak value I ₁ , a pulse width p, a repetition frequency f, an intermittent period t _s1 , an energization time t when the measured temperature is less than the set temperature T _{2. t1} and dwell time t _p1 are set such that the average current is I _av1 .

The current control means 16, after the measured temperature has reached the set temperature T _2, changes the setting as follows. That is, the temperature of the lead battery 11 measured in the unit time interval is, when higher than the set temperature T ₂ is the intermittent period t _s1 and downtime t _p1 and by 1 second long, is lower than the set temperature T ₂ is intermittently The period t _s1 and the pause time t _p1 are shortened by 1 second.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature rise and time of the lead battery regenerating method using the lead battery regenerating apparatus of the third embodiment. When the lead battery regenerator 29 is connected to the lead battery 11 and operated, a direct current pulse current having a magnitude of the average current I _av3 flows until the measured temperature of the lead battery 11 rises from T ₁ to T ₂ . When the measured temperature reaches T ₂ above, made longer by pause times t _p1 one second, so the average current is gradually reduced, the calorific value is suppressed, the temperature rise [Delta] T 1 per unit time Delta] _t, [Delta] T ₂ gradually decreases, and then the temperature gradually decreases.

Then, when the measured temperature is less than T ₂ are, in short by pause times t _p1 one second, so gradually increasing the average current, the heating value is increased, lowering the width ΔT of the temperature per unit time Δt ₃ , ΔT ₄ gradually decreases, and then the temperature rises again. By performing such control, the temperature of the lead battery 11, ambient temperature also changes, will be held near constant T _2.

  In order to perform the temperature control with higher accuracy, it is possible to change the setting of the current control means 16 in consideration of the rate of temperature increase per unit time. For example, first, it is detected whether the rate of temperature rise per unit time is positive or negative. When the measured temperature is equal to or higher than the set temperature and the rate of temperature rise is positive, the pause time is lengthened, and when the measured temperature is equal to or higher than the set temperature and the rate of temperature rise is negative, The setting conditions at that time are held. If the measured temperature is less than the set temperature and the rate of temperature rise is negative, the pause time is shortened, and if the measured temperature is less than the set temperature and the rate of temperature rise is positive, The setting conditions at that time are held. By setting in this way, the vertical movement of the temperature of the lead battery 11 can be reduced and more accurately controlled.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, the ranges of the current peak value, the pulse width, the repetition frequency, and the intermittent period are described above. It may be outside the range described in the form. It is also possible to provide sensors for measuring the cooling water in the aquarium and the outside air temperature, respectively, and control the temperature by feeding back these measurement results to the current control means. In this case, the current control means is provided with a function capable of setting the temperature difference ΔT _x between the cooling water and the lead battery, and the temperature difference ΔT _y between the outside air temperature and the lead battery. When the difference becomes ΔT _x or less or ΔT _y or less, the pause time of the DC pulse current is lengthened and the average current is set to be small.

The temperature of the cooling water in the water tank is substantially the same as the temperature of the lead battery immediately after the operation of the lead battery regenerating apparatus, but gradually increases as the temperature of the lead battery increases. The cooling capacity by the cooling water in the water tank is higher as the temperature difference ΔT _x of the lead battery and the cooling water is larger, but the cooling capacity is insufficient when the temperature difference ΔT _x becomes less than the set value. Therefore, by changing the setting so as to reduce the average current, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the lead battery from rising excessively in a short time and to prevent damage to the electrode plate.

In addition, when the lead battery regenerator is used outdoors, the temperature fluctuates, and the temperature rises during summer and daytime, and falls during winter and nighttime. When the temperature is low, the heat dissipation amount of the lead battery increases, but when the temperature is high, the heat dissipation amount decreases. For this reason, when the temperature difference between the outside air temperature and the lead battery is equal to or less than ΔT _y , it is considered that the heat dissipation amount is small. Therefore, by changing the setting so that the average current becomes small, It is possible to prevent the temperature from rising excessively in a short time and to prevent damage to the electrode plate.

  The present invention relates to a lead battery regenerating apparatus and a lead battery regenerating method for recovering the capacity of a lead battery that is often used as a drive or emergency power source, and in particular, for driving a forklift or golf cart including starting an automobile, It is often used as an emergency power source for communication equipment, computers, and production lines.

The block diagram of the lead battery reproducing | regenerating apparatus of the 1st Embodiment of this invention (A) is a graph showing a waveform of a direct current pulse current generated from the pulse current generating means of the lead-acid battery regenerating device at a low temperature, and (B) is a direct current generated from the pulse generating means of the lead-acid battery regenerating device at a high temperature. Graph showing the pulse current waveform Graph showing the relationship between temperature rise and time in a lead battery regeneration method using the lead battery regeneration device The graph which shows the relationship between the temperature rise of the lead battery regeneration method using the lead battery regeneration apparatus of 2nd Embodiment, and time. The graph which shows the relationship between the temperature rise and time of the lead battery regeneration method using the lead battery regeneration device of the third embodiment

Explanation of symbols

10 Lead battery regenerating apparatus (first embodiment)
11 Lead battery 12 Electrode 13 Electrode 14 Pulse current generating means 15 Temperature sensor (temperature measuring means)
16 Current control means 17 Sealing lid 18 Casing 19 Electrolytic solutions 20, 21 Output terminals 22, 23 Connection terminals 24 Water tank (cooling means)
25, 26 Protrusion 27 Electrolyte inlet 28 Lead battery regenerating device (second embodiment)
29 Lead battery regenerator (third embodiment)

Claims (5)

In a lead battery regeneration device having a pulse current generation means for removing a lead sulfate layer on the electrode surface by passing a direct current pulse current through the lead battery,
Temperature measuring means for directly measuring the temperature of the lead battery during energization;
The direct current pulse current output from the pulse current generation means, connected to the pulse current generation means and the temperature measurement means, according to the difference between the temperature of the lead battery measured by the temperature measurement means and a set temperature. And a current control means for converging the temperature of the lead storage battery to a set temperature. 2. The lead battery regenerating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the current control means has a function of changing a current peak value, a pulse width, a repetition frequency, or an intermittent period of the pulse current. The lead battery regenerating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a cooling unit that cools the lead battery being energized. The said temperature measurement means is a temperature sensor immersed in the electrolyte solution in the cell of the said lead battery, or a temperature sensor attached to the outer side of a cell, The one of Claim 1 to 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Lead battery regenerator. Pulse current generating means for removing a lead sulfate layer on the electrode surface by applying a direct current pulse current to the lead battery, temperature measuring means for directly measuring the temperature of the lead battery being energized, the pulse current generating means, and the temperature measurement A lead battery regeneration method using a lead battery regeneration device having current control means connected to the means,
The temperature of the lead battery is continuously or periodically measured using the temperature measuring means, and the waveform of the DC pulse current is changed according to the difference between the measured temperature and the set temperature, and the temperature of the lead storage battery The lead battery regeneration method characterized in that the battery is converged to a set temperature.

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