JP2006038465A - Concrete composition for shielding radiation - Google Patents
Concrete composition for shielding radiation Download PDFInfo
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- JP2006038465A JP2006038465A JP2004214116A JP2004214116A JP2006038465A JP 2006038465 A JP2006038465 A JP 2006038465A JP 2004214116 A JP2004214116 A JP 2004214116A JP 2004214116 A JP2004214116 A JP 2004214116A JP 2006038465 A JP2006038465 A JP 2006038465A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- -1 acryl Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical class [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052601 baryte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010428 baryte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、PET施設や医療用放射線照射施設、加速器施設、アイソトープ貯蔵施設、ウラン処理施設、原子炉施設などの放射線を扱う建物に設けられる放射線遮蔽コンクリートを構築するために用いられるコンクリート組成物に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a concrete composition used for constructing radiation shielding concrete provided in a building that handles radiation such as a PET facility, a medical radiation irradiation facility, an accelerator facility, an isotope storage facility, a uranium treatment facility, and a nuclear reactor facility. Is.
近年、医療関係の施設においても、ガン診断を行うPET施設やガン治療を行う医療用放射線照射施設などのように放射線を取扱う施設が増加しつつある。このような、放射線を取扱う施設においては、放射線源が設置されている箇所の周囲に鉄筋コンクリートから成る放射線遮蔽体(以下、遮蔽コンクリートという)を設けて、管理区域外に放射線が漏洩しないようにしている。上記遮蔽コンクリートに用いられるコンクリート組成物としては、通常の鉄筋コンクリートと同様に、石灰石・粘土・酸化鉄などを原料とした普通のポルトランドセメントに、水、及び、川砂,海砂,山砂,砕石,砕砂などから得られる骨材とを混練したものが用いられている。
上記遮蔽コンクリートの放射線遮蔽効果は、コンクリートの比重と厚さとの積に比例することから、近年、磁鉄鉱等の自然岩石を粉砕したものや、ショットブラスト用のスチール細粒、あるいは、鉄廃材を鍛造または熱間プレス加工して粒状としたような重量骨材を含有した、比重の大きな重量コンクリートが採用されつつある(例えば、特許文献1,2参照)。
The radiation shielding effect of the above-mentioned shielding concrete is proportional to the product of the specific gravity and thickness of the concrete. Alternatively, heavy concrete having a large specific gravity containing heavy aggregates that have been granulated by hot pressing is being adopted (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
ところで、コンクリートでは、ブリージング等により骨材の沈降が認められるが、特に、コンクリート中の骨材の一部もしくは全部を重量骨材に置換した場合には、骨材の分布が不均質になりやすく、そのため、上記従来の重量コンクリートでは放射線遮蔽効果にばらつきが認められるといった問題点があった。 By the way, in concrete, sedimentation of aggregates is observed due to breathing or the like, but the distribution of aggregates tends to be inhomogeneous, especially when part or all of the aggregates in concrete are replaced with heavy aggregates. Therefore, the conventional heavy concrete has a problem in that the radiation shielding effect varies.
本発明は、従来の問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、比重の大きな骨材を用いた場合でも上記骨材をコンクリート中に均一に分散させることのできるコンクリート組成物を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a concrete composition capable of uniformly dispersing the aggregate in the concrete even when an aggregate having a large specific gravity is used. To do.
本願の請求項1に記載の発明は、放射線を遮蔽する遮蔽コンクリートを構築するためのコンクリート組成物であって、骨材の一部に、比重が4以上の重量骨材を用いるとともに、上記コンクリート組成物に、コンクリートの構成材料が分離するのを防ぐ目的で添加される増粘性混和剤を配合したことを特徴とするものである。
なお、重量骨材は、比重の著しく大きな骨材で、普通骨材の比重が約2.6であるのに対し、比重が4.0以上の骨材をいう。具体的には、磁鉄鉱(比重:4.5〜5.2)、砂鉄(比重:4〜5)、チタン鉄鋼(比重:4.2〜4.8)、重晶石(比重:4〜4.7)などがある(例えば、笠井芳夫:コンクリート総覧、p231参照)。
請求項2に記載の発明は、請求項1に記載の放射線遮蔽用コンクリート組成物において、上記重量骨材として、純鉄及び鉛のいずれか一方、または両方を用いたものである。
The invention according to claim 1 of the present application is a concrete composition for constructing a shielding concrete that shields radiation, and uses a heavy aggregate having a specific gravity of 4 or more as a part of the aggregate, and the concrete. The composition is characterized in that a thickening admixture added for the purpose of preventing separation of the constituent materials of the concrete is blended.
The heavy aggregate is an aggregate having a remarkably large specific gravity, and the specific gravity of ordinary aggregate is about 2.6, whereas the specific gravity is 4.0 or more. Specifically, magnetite (specific gravity: 4.5 to 5.2), iron sand (specific gravity: 4 to 5), titanium steel (specific gravity: 4.2 to 4.8), barite (specific gravity: 4 to 4) 7) (see, for example, Yoshio Kasai: Concrete Overview, p231).
The invention according to claim 2 is the concrete composition for radiation shielding according to claim 1, wherein either one or both of pure iron and lead is used as the heavy aggregate.
請求項3に記載の発明は、請求項1または請求項2に記載の放射線遮蔽用コンクリート組成物において、上記増粘性混和剤として、水中不分離性混和剤を用いたものである。
また、請求項4に記載の発明は、請求項1または請求項2に記載の放射線遮蔽用コンクリート組成物において、上記増粘性混和剤として、第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)とを含有する添加剤であり、上記化合物(A)と化合物(B)とが、両性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、または、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)と臭素化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、から選択される増粘性添加剤のうちのいずれかの増粘性添加剤を用いたものである。
請求項5に記載の発明は、請求項4に記載の放射線遮蔽用コンクリート組成物において、上記増粘性混和剤として、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせから成る増粘性添加剤を用いるとともに、上記化合物(A)と上記化合物(B)とを、単位水量に対して、それぞれ0.5〜5.0重量%の割合で配合したものである。
The invention according to claim 3 is the radiation shielding concrete composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an inseparable admixture in water is used as the thickening admixture.
The invention according to claim 4 is the radiation shielding concrete composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second thickener are used as the thickening admixture. The water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B) is an additive, and the compound (A) and the compound (B) are selected from a compound (A) selected from amphoteric surfactants and an anionic surfactant. Or a combination of a compound (B) selected from a cationic surfactant and a compound (B) selected from a cationic surfactant, a compound selected from a cationic surfactant ( A combination of a thickening additive selected from a combination of A) and a compound (B) selected from bromine compounds is used.
The invention according to claim 5 is the concrete composition for radiation shielding according to claim 4, wherein the thickening admixture is selected from a compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants and an anionic aromatic compound. A thickening additive comprising a combination with the compound (B), and a ratio of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight of the compound (A) and the compound (B) with respect to the unit amount of water. It is blended with.
本発明によれば、放射線を遮蔽する遮蔽コンクリートを構築するためのコンクリート組成物において、骨材の一部に、比重が4以上の重量骨材を用いるとともに、上記コンクリート組成物に、水中不分離性混和剤などの増粘性混和剤を配合してコンクリートの構成材料が分離するのを防ぐようにしたので、上記重量骨材がコンクリート中に均一に分散した遮蔽コンクリートを得ることができ、上記遮蔽コンクリートの単位体積当たりの放射線遮蔽性能を向上させることができる。
このとき、上記増粘性混和剤として、水中不分離性混和剤、あるいは、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせから成る増粘性添加剤などを用いれば、上記重量骨材をコンクリート中に更に均一に分散させることができる。
また、上記重量骨材として、比重が8に近い純粋な鉄や、更に比重の大きい鉛などを用いるようにすれば、上記遮蔽コンクリートの単位体積当たりの放射線遮蔽性能を更に向上させることができる。
According to the present invention, in a concrete composition for constructing shielding concrete for shielding radiation, a heavy aggregate having a specific gravity of 4 or more is used as a part of the aggregate, and the concrete composition is not separated in water. In order to prevent the separation of the constituent materials of the concrete by adding a thickening admixture such as an adhesive admixture, it is possible to obtain a shielding concrete in which the above-mentioned heavy aggregate is uniformly dispersed in the concrete. The radiation shielding performance per unit volume of concrete can be improved.
At this time, as the thickening admixture, an increase consisting of a combination of a non-separable admixture in water or a compound (A) selected from a cationic surfactant and a compound (B) selected from an anionic aromatic compound. If a viscous additive etc. are used, the said heavy aggregate can be disperse | distributed more uniformly in concrete.
In addition, if pure iron having a specific gravity close to 8 or lead having a higher specific gravity is used as the heavy aggregate, the radiation shielding performance per unit volume of the shielding concrete can be further improved.
以下、本発明の最良の形態について説明する。
本発明の最良の形態に係る放射線遮蔽用コンクリート組成物は、セメント、水、細骨材、粗骨材を主材料とし、骨材の一部または全部に重量骨材を用いるとともに、上記コンクリート組成物にコンクリート用化学混和剤と増粘性混和剤とを配合したものである。
本例では、上記重量骨材として、磁鉄鉱や砂鉄といった、比重が4〜5程度のものの他に、比重が8に近い純鉄や、更に鉛のように比重の大きな骨材を使用している。このとき、上記磁鉄鉱、砂鉄、純鉄、鉛などは、粗骨材として使用してもよいし、細骨材として使用してもよい。あるいは、粗骨材と細骨材との両方に用いてもよい。
増粘性混和剤は、コンクリートの構成材料が分離するのを防ぐ目的で添加されるもので、その組成については特に限定されるものではないが、主に、水中不分離性コンクリートに用いられる、セルロース系またはアクリル系の水溶性高分子を主成分とする水中不分離性混和剤を用いることが好ましく、更に、早強性を考慮すると、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)とを含有して成る増粘性添加剤を用いることが特に好ましい。ここで、上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)としては、4級アンモニウム塩型カチオン性界面活性剤が好ましく、特に、アルキルアンモニウム塩を主成分とする添加剤が好ましい。また、第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)としては、芳香環を有するスルフォン酸塩が好ましく、特に、アルキルアリルスルホン酸塩を主成分とする添加剤が好ましい。
このような、水中不分離性混和剤あるいは増粘性添加剤をコンクリート組成物に配合することにより、骨材の一部に重量骨材を用いた場合でも、上記重量骨材が材料分離を起こしてしまうことがないので、上記重量骨材をコンクリート中に均一に分散させることができる。
なお、上記増粘性添加剤を添加する際には、はじめに、セメント、水、細骨材に、コンクリート用化学混和剤と、上記第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)とを練り混ぜて混練物を作製した後、この混練物に上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)を添加して再度混練し、最後に粗骨材を加えて混練し、コンクリート組成物を作製することが望ましい。また、上記化合物(A)と上記化合物(B)の配合比としては、単位水量に対して、それぞれ0.5〜5.0重量%の割合とすることが好ましい。
Hereinafter, the best mode of the present invention will be described.
The concrete composition for radiation shielding according to the best mode of the present invention is mainly composed of cement, water, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate, and a heavy aggregate is used for a part or all of the aggregate, and the above concrete composition This is a mixture of concrete chemical admixture and thickening admixture.
In this example, as the above-mentioned heavy aggregate, in addition to those having a specific gravity of about 4 to 5, such as magnetite or sand iron, pure iron having a specific gravity close to 8 or an aggregate having a large specific gravity such as lead is used. . At this time, the magnetite, sand iron, pure iron, lead, etc. may be used as coarse aggregate or fine aggregate. Or you may use for both a coarse aggregate and a fine aggregate.
The thickening admixture is added for the purpose of preventing separation of the constituent materials of the concrete, and the composition thereof is not particularly limited, but is mainly used for underwater inseparable concrete, cellulose. It is preferable to use a non-separable water-insoluble admixture mainly composed of water-based or acrylic water-soluble polymer, and further considering the early strength, compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants and anionic It is particularly preferable to use a thickening additive comprising a compound (B) selected from aromatic compounds. Here, as said 1st water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A), a quaternary ammonium salt type cationic surfactant is preferable, and the additive which has an alkylammonium salt as a main component is especially preferable. In addition, as the second water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B), a sulfonate having an aromatic ring is preferable, and an additive having an alkylallyl sulfonate as a main component is particularly preferable.
By mixing such an inseparable admixture or thickening additive in the concrete composition, even if heavy aggregate is used as part of the aggregate, the heavy aggregate causes material separation. Therefore, the heavy aggregate can be uniformly dispersed in the concrete.
In addition, when adding the thickening additive, first, the chemical admixture for concrete and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) are kneaded and mixed with cement, water, and fine aggregate. After preparing the product, it is desirable to add the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A) to the kneaded product and knead again, and finally add the coarse aggregate and knead to prepare a concrete composition. . Moreover, it is preferable to set it as the ratio of 0.5 to 5.0 weight% with respect to unit water amount as a compounding ratio of the said compound (A) and the said compound (B).
このように、本実施の形態によれば、放射線遮蔽コンクリートを構築するためのコンクリート組成物として、骨材の一部または全部に、磁鉄鉱や砂鉄といった、比重が4〜5程度の重量骨材や、比重が8に近い純鉄や、更に鉛のように比重の大きな骨材を用いるとともに、上記コンクリート組成物に、セルロース系またはアクリル系の水溶性高分子を主成分とする水中不分離性混和剤あるいは、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)とを含有して成る増粘性添加剤を配合するようにしたので、上記のような重量骨材を用いた場合でも、上記重量骨材をコンクリート中に均一に分散させることができる。これにより、単位体積当たりの放射線遮蔽性能の高い遮蔽コンクリートを構築することができるので、同等の遮蔽性能を確保するための遮蔽コンクリートの厚さを薄くすることができる。 Thus, according to the present embodiment, as a concrete composition for constructing radiation shielding concrete, a part of the aggregate or a part of the aggregate, such as magnetite and iron sand, a heavy aggregate having a specific gravity of about 4 to 5, In addition to using pure iron with a specific gravity close to 8 and aggregates with a high specific gravity such as lead, the above concrete composition is mixed in water with non-separable mixture mainly composed of cellulose or acrylic water-soluble polymer. Or a thickening additive containing a compound (A) selected from a cationic surfactant and a compound (B) selected from an anionic aromatic compound. Even when heavy aggregate is used, the heavy aggregate can be uniformly dispersed in the concrete. Thereby, since the shielding concrete with a high radiation shielding performance per unit volume can be constructed, the thickness of the shielding concrete for securing the equivalent shielding performance can be reduced.
なお、上記実施の形態では、第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)としてカチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物を用い、第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)としてアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物を含有して成る増粘性添加剤を用いたが、上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)としては、ドデカン酸アミドプロピルベタインなどの両性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とPOE(3)ドデシルエーテル硫酸エステル塩などのアニオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、または、上記カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)と臭化ナトリウムなどの臭素化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせであってもよい。 In the above embodiment, a compound selected from cationic surfactants is used as the first water-soluble low molecular compound (A), and an anionic aromatic compound is used as the second water-soluble low molecular compound (B). A thickening additive containing a selected compound was used. Examples of the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) include dodecanoic acid amidopropyl betaine A combination of the compound (A) selected from amphoteric surfactants of the above and a compound (B) selected from anionic surfactants such as POE (3) dodecyl ether sulfate ester, or selected from the above cationic surfactants Or a combination of a compound (B) selected from bromine compounds such as sodium bromide.
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、重量骨材がコンクリート中に均一に分散した放射線遮蔽コンクリートを得ることができるので、遮蔽コンクリートの単位体積当たりの放射線遮蔽性能を向上させることができる。したがって、遮蔽コンクリートの厚さを薄くすることができ、効率的な遮蔽を行うことができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, radiation shielding concrete in which heavy aggregate is uniformly dispersed in concrete can be obtained, so that radiation shielding performance per unit volume of shielding concrete can be improved. Therefore, the thickness of the shielding concrete can be reduced, and efficient shielding can be performed.
Claims (5)
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