JP2006017674A - Rotating device for vibration detection of abnormal bearings on railway vehicle carriages - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To rotate and rotate a ring shaft itself in the same manner as in actual running in vibration measurement and inspection of a journal bearing and a gear reducer mounted on a ring shaft, and the roller in the journal bearing and the gear reducer is an inner surface of a bearing outer ring. Enables accurate vibration measurement of the roller in close contact with the roller.
SOLUTION: An elevating deck 4 for placing a wheel shaft 2 of a railway vehicle carriage 1 at a predetermined position and moving it horizontally up and down, and supporting journal bearings 11 at both ends of the wheel shaft 2 from below while the elevating deck 4 is being lowered. 2 is supported horizontally, and the left and right wheels 3 of the horizontally supported wheel shaft 2 are pressure-bonded from below to lift the wheel shaft 2 onto the support frame 9, and the roller 43 in the journal bearing 11 is attached to the bearing 43. A rotating device for vibration detection is provided, which is in close contact with the inner surface of the outer ring 42 and includes a liftable tire 14 having a rotation function for imparting rotation to the crimping wheel 3.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus suitable for accurately detecting a bearing abnormality such as a journal bearing or a reduction gear device attached to a wheel shaft of a railway vehicle bogie by non-disassembly by vibration inspection.

  As illustrated in FIG. 9, journal bearings 11 that transmit the load of the vehicle body to the wheel shaft are attached to both ends of the wheel shaft 2 of the railway vehicle carriage 1. When the carriage 1 is a power carriage (M carriage), a reduction gear device 24 that transmits the rotational force of the main motor to the axle is attached to the wheel shaft 2.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the journal bearing 11 is a roller bearing in which an inner ring 41 is fitted to both ends of the wheel shaft 2 and rollers 43 are arranged in double rows between the inner ring and the outer ring 42. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the reduction gear device 24 has a shaft 44 'end between the inner ring 46 and the outer ring 47 of the bearing 45 of the small gear 44 connected to the main motor, and a large gear that meshes with the small gear. A conical roller 48 is disposed between the inner ring 51 and the outer ring 52 of the bearing 50 of the gear 49. In the journal bearing 11 and the reduction gear device 24, wear and damage of the rollers 43 and 48 inside thereof cause a serious failure. Therefore, the normal operation state is always maintained by periodic inspection. It is necessary to keep.

  Conventionally, the roller inspection work of the journal bearing 11 and the reduction gear device 24 has been performed by removing them from the wheel shaft and disassembling them and visually observing the state of wear and damage, but is inefficient. For this reason, recently, inspections have been carried out in which a vibration measurement sensor is used to detect flaws without disassembling while being attached to a wheel shaft. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, the wheel shaft 2 with the journal bearings 11 attached to both ends is carried into the positioning mechanism 53, and the left and right wheels 3 are supported by the twin rollers 54 and fixed like a V block. In this state, the rotating body (rubber tire) 56 of the outer ring rotating mechanism 55 installed on both sides of the wheel shaft 2 is lowered and pressed against the outer ring 42 of the journal bearing 11 to impart rotation to the outer ring 42. Then, the vibration measurement sensor 57 attached to the end face of the journal bearing 11 detects vibration in a specific frequency range generated from the roller 43 in the journal bearing 11, and converts the detection signal into speed or acceleration, The degree of roller damage is detected from the size (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2001-296213 A

  However, in the conventional non-disassembly inspection, the rotation of the wheel shaft 2 is fixed, and the outer ring 42 of the journal bearing 11 is rotated around the roller 43 to generate vibration, as in actual running. The wheel shaft 2 side rotates, that is, the inner ring 41 of the journal bearing rotates, and the inner surface of the outer ring 42 to which the rollers 43 are fixed is not rolled. For this reason, there is a problem in the reliability of the vibration value detected by the vibration measurement sensor 57.

  Further, in the conventional non-disassembly inspection in the previous period, since there is no mechanism for rotating the reduction gear device 24, when the wheel shaft 2 to be repaired is a power wheel shaft (M wheel shaft) provided with the reduction gear device 24, the speed reduction is performed. The degree of wear and damage of the roller 48 in the gear device 24 could not be measured by vibration.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem. When the wheel shaft to be repaired is a power wheel shaft (M wheel shaft), any journal of the journal bearing and the reduction gear device is used. In addition, non-decomposing flaw detection by vibration detection can be performed, and the above-mentioned non-decomposing flaw detection can be performed on the wheel shaft attached to the cart even when the cart is left as it is. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus capable of accurately detecting damage vibrations generated by these rollers with a vibration measurement sensor.

  The apparatus of the present invention that achieves the above-mentioned object supports an elevator deck that moves the wheel shaft of a railway vehicle carriage in a predetermined position and moves it horizontally, and supports journal bearings at both ends of the wheel shaft from below while the elevator deck is being lowered. And a support frame for horizontally supporting the wheel shaft, and pressing the wheel shaft on the left and right wheel treads of the horizontally supported wheel shaft from below to lift the wheel shaft onto the support frame, and the roller in the journal bearing is moved to the inner surface of the outer ring of the bearing. And an elevating tire having a rotation function for imparting rotation to the crimping wheel.

  According to the above configuration, as in the case of actual traveling of the carriage, the wheel shaft rotates and the wheel shaft is lifted onto the support frame by the liftable tire, so that the roller in the journal bearing is the same as in actual traveling. Adhere closely to the inner surface of the upper side of the outer ring of the journal bearing. Therefore, minute damage vibration generated by the roller in the journal bearing can be accurately detected by the vibration measuring sensor.

  In the device of the present invention, the liftable tire is brought into pressure contact with the left and right wheel treads of the wheel shaft, and the power is supplied via a chuck that approaches the reduction gear device attached to the wheel shaft and grips the small gear shaft. It is preferable to provide a pinion rotation device that transmits the rotation of the rotation to the reduction gear device. In this way, when the wheel shaft for vibration measurement is a power wheel shaft (M wheel shaft) equipped with a reduction gear device, the reduction gear device can be driven to rotate the wheel shaft in the same way as during actual traveling. In addition, since the elevating tire is pressure-bonded to the wheel and the wheel shaft is lifted up, a constant torque is generated when the reduction gear device is driven to rotate. It is pressed against the inner surface of the outer ring and comes into close contact. Therefore, the minute damage vibration generated by the roller in the reduction gear device can be accurately detected by the vibration measurement sensor, similarly to the roller of the journal bearing.

  In the device of the present invention, the wheel shaft is not limited to a state in which it is detached from the carriage, but can be used for vibration measurement while being attached to the carriage. In this case, with the journals at both ends of the axle of the carriage supported horizontally by the support frame, the center pin is inserted into the center dish of the carriage from above, and at the end of the upper pillow on both sides of the center dish. It is preferable to provide a cart positioning device that loads a necessary load from above.

  The apparatus of the present invention rotates the wheel shaft itself in substantially the same manner as during actual running in the vibration measurement inspection of the journal bearing attached to the wheel shaft and the roller of the reduction gear device, and when the wheel shaft rotates, substantially the same as during actual running. In addition, since the rollers in the journal bearing and the reduction gear device are always in close contact with the inner surface of the outer ring of the bearing, even minute damage vibrations generated by the rollers can be accurately detected by the vibration measuring sensor. It is possible to greatly improve the resolution accuracy of resolution vibration.

  1 to 6 show an example of an apparatus embodying the present invention. Reference numeral 4 denotes an elevating deck for placing the wheel shaft 2 of the railway vehicle carriage 1 at a predetermined position, 9 a support frame, 14 an elevating tire, 23 1 shows a pinion rotation device.

  That is, the elevating deck 4 is a plate-type deck having a rectangular shape in plan view, and both long sides thereof are rails 5 that engage with the flanges of the left and right wheels 3 of the wheel shaft 2 conveyed on the deck 4. Is formed. The elevating deck 4 is mounted with the wheel shaft 2 at a predetermined distance L (in the illustrated example, L is equal to 2100 mm, which is the distance between the two axes of the carriage 1) at two positions in the longitudinal direction. A position is provided. These mounting positions are such that a part 5 'of the rail 5 is made up and down by a hydraulic cylinder, and by lowering this, the wheel 3 is fitted into the part 5' of the opened rail 5, and the rail 5 The movement of the wheel shaft 2 on 5 is stopped. The elevating deck 4 is supported horizontally above the center of the pit 6 by two front and rear hydraulic cylinders 7 suspended from the bottom surface of the pit 6. As described above, the pit is moved up and down within a certain range. Note that rack-and-pinion-type tuned telescopic rods 8 are provided at the four corners on the lower surface side of the elevating deck 4 so that the front and rear hydraulic cylinders 7 extend and contract synchronously.

  The support frame 9 is provided on each of the left and right side walls sandwiching the lifting deck 4 in the pit 6 at positions (four locations) facing the end surfaces of the journal bearings 11 of the two front and rear wheel shafts 2 placed on the lifting deck 4. It has been. These support stands 9 receive the journal bearing 11 portion of the wheel shaft 2 descending on the lifting deck 4 on the horizontal stand 10 and horizontally support these wheel shafts 2 in the pit 6. . A cushioning material 12 such as rubber is attached to the support surface of the horizontal base 10, and a clamp (not shown) for fixing the supporting bearing 11 portion to the horizontal base 10 is attached. Yes. These support bases 9 are provided by a hinge mechanism 13 so that the tip thereof is rotated approximately 90 degrees upward as indicated by an imaginary line, and can be lifted up to the wall side of the pit 6 when not required. .

  The liftable tires 14 are respectively provided below the support bases 9 (four places). These elevating tires 14 are made of rubber, and are composed of a pair of a power tire 14a connected to a power 15 via a V-belt 16 and a driven tire 14b that rotates according to the rotation of the power tire 14a. . The power tire 14a and the driven tire 14b have the bearing portions 18a and 18b of the rotating shafts 17a and 17b mounted side by side on the lifting base 19 (see FIG. 5), and the contact portions of both tires are on the support frame 10 Are arranged so as to be located immediately below the center P of the wheel shaft 2 supported by the wheel 2 and directly below the tread surface of the corresponding wheel 3.

  The lift base 19 is horizontally supported by a hydraulic cylinder 21 erected on the bottom surface of the pit 6 via a base board 20. When the hydraulic cylinder 21 is extended, the lift base 19 reaches a predetermined height along the guide 22. To rise. As a result of this rise, the pair of tires 14a, 14b are pressed from below onto the tread surface of the wheel 3 of the wheel shaft 2 supported horizontally on the support frame 10, and further, the wheel shaft 2 is lifted horizontally on the support frame 10. It has become.

  The pinion rotating device 23 drives the reduction gear device 24 when the wheel shaft 2 that performs vibration measurement is a power wheel shaft (M wheel shaft) provided with the reduction gear device 24, and the support frame 10 is driven by the liftable tire 14. This is a device for rotating the wheel shaft 2 in a state where it is lifted horizontally, and dedicated front and rear wheel shafts 2 are provided.

The pinion rotating device 23 includes a chuck 25 that holds a small gear shaft 44 ′ (see FIG. 11) of the reduction gear device 24, and a power that imparts rotation to the chuck 25 via a rotating shaft 26 and a V belt 27. 28 is mounted on centering frames 29 ₁ , 29 ₂ , 29 ₃ configured in three stages. That is, the lower frame _{29. 3,} to be movable in the vertical direction stretching operation of the jack 30, the middle frame 29 ₂ is the rotation operation of the ball screw 31, it is provided to be movable lower frame 29 ₃ above the front-rear direction. Further, the upper frame 29 _{1 on} which the chuck 25 and the power 28 are directly mounted is provided so as to be movable in the left-right direction on the middle frame 29 _{2 by} rotating the ball screw 32. Therefore, by adjusting the amount of movement of each of these frames 29 ₁ , 29 ₂ , 29 ₃ , the center of the chuck 25 is made to coincide with the center of the small gear shaft 44 ′, and the end of the small gear shaft 26 is adjusted by the chuck 25. The part can be gripped.

  Note that the front and rear pinion rotating devices 23 are arranged with the orientation of the chuck 25 different from each other by 180 degrees. For this reason, even if the reduction gear device 24 is driven by the both pinion rotating devices 23 in the same forward rotation, the rotation directions of the front and rear wheel shafts 2 are opposite to each other. This prevents the front and rear wheel shafts 2 from deviating when the vibration measurement is performed with the front and rear wheel shafts 2 attached to the carriage. Further, in the above-described lifting deck 4, a portion 4 ′ corresponding to the upper position of the pinion rotating device 23 can be removed.

  7 and 8, when vibration measurement is performed with the wheel shaft 2 attached to the cart, both end journal bearings 11 of the front and rear wheel shafts 2 are supported by the support frame 9 and horizontally. The center pin 35 is inserted into the center plate 34 (see FIG. 9) of the cart 1 from above, and the upper pillow end portions 36 on both sides of the center plate 34 (see FIG. 9). ) Is loaded with a load 37 from above, and the movement of the carriage 1 is fixed. The cart positioning device 33 in the illustrated example has a portal frame 38 above the pit 6, and a hydraulic cylinder 39 having a center pin 35 attached to the tip of the rod is vertically attached to the center of the horizontal frame 38 ′. The hydraulic cylinders 40 each having a cylindrical load fitting 37 attached to the tip of each rod are vertically attached downward at equal positions on both sides of the hydraulic cylinder 39.

  In order to use the apparatus of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the wheel shaft 2 to be subjected to vibration measurement is carried onto the lifting deck 4 by a conveyor or a crane. At this time, it is selected in advance whether the wheel shaft 2 to be carried in is the wheel shaft removed from the cart or the cart 1 with the wheel shaft attached. At the same time, whether the wheel shaft 2 to be carried in is a power wheel shaft (M wheel shaft) with a reduction gear device 24 or a driven wheel shaft (T wheel shaft) without the reduction gear device 24, and two carts 1 to be carried in are provided. It is selected whether the shaft is a power trolley (M trolley) having a power wheel shaft or a driven trolley (T cart) having a driven wheel shaft.

  Thus, for example, when the T wheel shaft is carried into the lifting deck 4, the left and right wheels 3 of the T wheel shaft 2 are moved along the rail 5, and this is before the part 5 ′ of the rail 5 is lowered. Position to the mounting position for the part wheel shaft. Subsequently, the second T-wheel axle 2 is carried onto the elevating deck 4 and is positioned at the mounting position for the rear wheel-shaft where a part 5 'of the rail 5 is lowered.

  When the positioning of the two front and rear T-wheel shafts 2 is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 7 is retracted and the lifting deck 4 starts to descend. While the elevating deck 4 is being lowered, the front and rear wheel shafts 2 placed on the deck 4 are received on the horizontal base 10 of the support base 9 in which the journal bearings 11 at both ends protrude from the side walls of the pit 6. Thus, it is supported horizontally in the pit 6. The journal bearing portion 11 of each wheel shaft 2 is fixed to the horizontal frame 10 with a clamp fitting. After waiting for the empty lifting deck 4 to stop at the lower limit, vibration measuring sensors (not shown) are attached to the journal bearings 11 supported by the support bases 9 of the front and rear wheel shafts 2, respectively.

  Next, the hydraulic cylinders 21 of the liftable tires 14 are extended to raise the pair of rubber tires 14a and 14b all at once. Then, when the pair of rubber tires 14a and 14b are pressure-bonded to the treads of the corresponding wheels 3 and the wheel shaft 2 is lifted onto the support base 9, the ascent is stopped. As the wheel shaft 2 is lifted, the rollers 43 (see FIG. 10) in the journal bearing 11 are brought into close contact with the upper inner surface of the outer ring 42 as in actual running. Next, when the power 15 of each elevating tire 14 is driven and the rubber tire 14a on the power side is rotated, the front and rear wheel axles 2 start to rotate as in actual travel. Then, the rotational speed of the power 15 is gradually increased, and when the rotational speed of the wheel shaft 2 reaches around 960 rpm corresponding to the actual operating speed of 90 km / h, the roller vibration measurement of the journal bearing 11 is performed by the vibration measurement sensor. .

  Further, for example, when the M cart 1 is carried into the lifting deck 4, the M cart 1 is moved along the rail 5, and the front wheel shaft 2 is used for the front wheel shaft in which a part 5 ′ of the rail 5 is lowered. The rear wheel shaft 2 is also positioned at the mounting position for the rear wheel shaft in which a part 5 ′ of the rail 5 is lowered.

  When the positioning of the M carriage 1 on the lift deck 4 is completed, the lift deck 4 starts to descend as in the case of the T wheel axle. In the middle of the descent, the M carriage 1 on the lifting deck 4 receives the journal bearing 11 part of the front and rear wheel shafts 2 on the horizontal base 10 of the support base 9 protruding from the side wall of the pit 6, Is supported horizontally. In this state, the carriage positioning device 33 is driven, the center pin 35 is fitted into the center plate 34 of the carriage 1, and the left and right load fittings 37 are crimped to the overlying pillow end 36 of the carriage 1, The movement of the M cart 1 is fixed. Then, after waiting for the empty lifting deck 4 to stop at the lower limit, vibration measurement sensors (not shown) are attached to the journal bearings 11 and the reduction gear devices 24 of the front and rear wheel shafts 2 of the M carriage 1 respectively. .

  Next, the hydraulic cylinders 21 of the liftable tires 14 are extended to raise the pair of rubber tires 14a and 14b all at once. Then, when the pair of rubber tires 14a and 14b are pressure-bonded to the corresponding treads of the wheels 3 and the front and rear wheel shafts 2 of the carriage 1 are lifted onto the support base 9, the ascent is stopped. As the wheel shaft 2 is lifted, the rollers 43 (see FIG. 10) in the journal bearing 11 are brought into close contact with the upper inner surface of the outer ring 42 as in actual running.

Next, the front and rear pinion rotating devices 23 are brought close to the reduction gear device 24 included in the corresponding wheel shaft 2. That is, the chuck 25 of the rotating device 23 is made to correspond by adjusting the respective movement amounts of the centering frames 29 ₁ , 29 ₂ , 29 ₃ configured in three stages in the vertical direction, the front-rear direction, and the left-right direction. The small gear shaft 44 '(see FIG. 11) of the reduction gear device 24 is fitted and gripped. Then, when the power 28 of the chuck 25 is driven and the chuck 25 is rotated, the small gear 44 of the reduction gear device 24 is rotated, and the large gear 49 meshing with this is rotated to rotate the wheel shaft 2. At this time, a large torque is generated in the rotational direction in the small gear 44 and the large gear 49 of the reduction gear device 24 because the rubber tires 14a and 14b are pressure-bonded to the left and right wheels 3 of the wheel shaft 2. Due to the generation of this torque, the bearing rollers of the small gear and the large gear are brought into close contact with the upper inner surface of the outer ring, as in actual running. The rotational speed of the power 28 is gradually increased, and when the rotational speed of the wheel shaft 2 reaches about 960 rpm corresponding to an actual operating speed of 90 km / h, the roller vibration of the journal bearing 11 and the reduction gear device 24 by the vibration measurement sensor is detected. Perform the measurement. This vibration measurement is performed in the reverse rotation direction of the wheel shaft 2 in the same manner as in the forward rotation direction.

  When the vibration measurement is completed, the carriage positioning device 33 is lifted upward. Next, the liftable tire 14 is lowered to the origin, and the carriage 1 is horizontally supported by the support base 9. The raising / lowering deck 4 stopped at the lowering limit is raised, and the carriage 1 is placed thereon again. The elevating deck 4 is stopped at the ascending limit, and a part 5 'of the descending rail 5 is raised and returned to its original position. The carriage 1 is moved along the rail 5 and carried out from the lifting deck 4.

It is a front view which shows an example of this invention apparatus. It is a top view of FIG. It is a side view of FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 3. It is CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is a front view explaining a cart positioning device. It is the DD sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a top view explaining the bogie for rail vehicles. It is principal part sectional drawing explaining a journal bearing. It is principal part sectional drawing explaining a reduction gear apparatus. It is a front view explaining the conventional rotating apparatus for vibration measurement.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bogie 2 Wheel axle 3 Wheel 4 Lifting deck 9 Support stand 11 Journal bearing 14 Lifting tire 23 Pinion rotating device 24 Reduction gear device 25 Chuck 33 Bogie positioning device 35 Center pin

Claims (4)

  An elevating deck for placing the wheel axle of the railway vehicle carriage in a predetermined position and moving it horizontally up and down, a support base for supporting the both ends journal bearings of the wheel axle from below and supporting the wheel axle horizontally during lowering of the elevating deck; Rotation that presses the left and right wheel treads of the horizontally supported wheel shaft from below and lifts the wheel shaft onto the support frame to bring the roller in the journal bearing into close contact with the inner surface of the outer ring of the bearing, and to rotate the crimp wheel A rotating device for detecting vibration of a bearing abnormality of a railway vehicle bogie comprising a liftable tire having a function.   An elevating deck for placing the wheel axle of the railway vehicle carriage in a predetermined position and moving it horizontally up and down, a support base for supporting the both ends journal bearings of the wheel axle from below and supporting the wheel axle horizontally during lowering of the elevating deck; Rotation that presses the left and right wheel treads of the horizontally supported wheel shaft from below and lifts the wheel shaft onto the support frame to bring the roller in the journal bearing into close contact with the inner surface of the outer ring of the bearing, and to rotate the crimp wheel With a liftable tire with a function and a state where the liftable tire is crimped to the left and right wheels, it approaches the reduction gear device attached to the wheel shaft and rotates the power via a chuck that grips the small gear shaft. A rotation device for detecting vibration of a bearing abnormality of a railway vehicle bogie comprising a pinion rotation device for transmission to a reduction gear device.   The rotation device for vibration detection of a bearing abnormality of a railway vehicle bogie according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wheel axle of the railway vehicle bogie is a wheel shaft attached to the bogie.   With the journal bearings at both ends of the wheel shaft of the railway vehicle carriage being horizontally supported by the support frame, a center pin is inserted into the center plate of the carriage from above, and at the end of the upper pillow body on both sides of the center plate of the carriage. The rotation apparatus for detecting vibration of a bearing abnormality of a railway vehicle bogie according to claim 3, further comprising a bogie positioning device that loads a necessary load from above.

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