JP2006006984A - Respirator and air pump for respirator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a respirator, surely supplying air to a patient during the inspiration period. <P>SOLUTION: A driving means 33 for driving a substantially cylindrical bellows 4 to be expanded and contracted includes: a screw member 35 extending in the axial direction; a nut 36 screwed onto the screw member 35; and a motor 41 for rotatably driving the screw member 35. The screw member 35 is rotated by the motor 41, whereby one end in the axial direction of the bellows is displaced together with the nut 36 to the other end in the axial direction to thereby expand and contract the bellows 4. The bellows 4 is thus driven to be expanded/contracted and displaced by the motor 41, so that the expanding and contracting speed can be kept constant. Accordingly, the air discharged from the internal space of the bellows 41 is easily controlled to be constant. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an artificial respiration apparatus and an air pump for an artificial respiration apparatus for supporting a lung ventilation function of a patient.

  Such a ventilator for a patient is necessary not only for use in a hospital but also for home care. A typical prior art is disclosed in US Pat. This prior art describes an air pump that supplies air to the patient during the inspiration period by reciprocating movement of the piston. This air pump is configured by arranging a linear drive motor for reciprocating a piston in a cylinder on the side opposite to the cylinder head with respect to the piston. This prior art has a problem that the apparatus becomes large. In particular, a respirator used for home care needs to be downsized.

  Other prior art is disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1. This prior art describes a configuration of a ventilator comprising a blower that supplies air to the patient during the inspiration period and a blower that draws the patient's exhalation during the expiration period. Further, it is described that the burden on a patient who has inserted a tube into the trachea is greatly reduced by aspirating the patient's exhalation. In this prior art, since it is necessary to provide two fans and suction blowers, there is a problem that the apparatus becomes large. Moreover, since this air blower and blower transport air by pressure control, there exists a problem that it is difficult to control air flow volume uniformly.

Japanese Patent No. 2714288 Intensive Care Med (1997) 23: 545-552

  An object of the present invention is to provide a respirator that can be easily miniaturized and can reliably supply air to a patient during an inhalation period.

The present invention includes (a) a substantially cylindrical bellows that can expand and contract in a predetermined axial direction;
(B) an attachment member connected to one end of the bellows in the axial direction and movable in the axial direction;
(C) a base body provided at a fixed position facing the mounting member and connected to the other axial end of the bellows;
(D) drive means for driving the attachment member to move away from the base in the axial direction;
(D1) a movable body coupled to the mounting member;
(D2) a screw member formed so as to be rotatable with respect to the movable body in a state of being threaded through the movable body and extending parallel to the axial direction;
(D3) a drive means having a drive means having a drive source for rotationally driving the screw member;
(E) a suction check valve provided on the base for sucking air into the internal space of the bellows;
(F) An air pump for an artificial respirator, which is provided on a base and includes a discharge check valve for discharging air from the internal space of the bellows.

  According to the present invention, the driving means further includes guide means for guiding the mounting member in the axial direction.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that a ball screw is configured including the movable body and the screw member.

  In the invention, it is preferable that the screw mechanism comprises a ball screw with a ball spline.

Further, in the present invention, the drive source is disposed radially outward of the bellows,
The drive means further includes transmission means for transmitting power from the drive source to the screw member.

The present invention also provides the air pump for the artificial respiration apparatus,
An attachment member detachably attached to the patient;
An intake pipe connecting the discharge check valve and the mounting member;
An exhalation line connected to the mounting member for directing patient exhalation into the atmosphere;
An on-off valve provided in the middle of the exhalation line, for opening / closing the exhalation line,
During the patient's inhalation period, the open / close valve is controlled to shut off the exhalation line and the drive means is controlled to degenerate the bellows, and during the patient's exhalation period, the open / close valve is controlled to open the exhalation line. And a control means for extending the bellows by controlling the driving means.

  The present invention further includes a differential pressure detecting means for detecting a differential pressure between the pressure in the bellows and the pressure in the air supply conduit, and the control means responds to the detection result of the differential pressure detecting means in response to the detection valve. And controlling the driving means.

  According to the present invention, the substantially cylindrical bellows is reciprocated in the axial direction of the bellows by the drive means, and the air that supports the lung ventilation function to the patient by the action of the air supply check valve and the discharge check valve Can be supplied as intake air.

  When the screw member is rotationally driven by the drive source, the movable body that is screwed to the screw member moves in the axial direction according to the rotation direction of the screw member. Since the movable body is connected to the attachment member, the movable body moves in the axial direction together with the movable body. When the mounting member moves in the axial direction, the bellows expands and contracts by the mounting member. Here, the rotation amount of the screw member and the expansion / contraction amount of the bellows have a certain relationship.

  Thus, the expansion / contraction speed can be kept constant by the bellows being driven to expand and contract by the driving means. Therefore, it is easy to control the flow rate of the air discharged from the inner space of the bellows and the exhaled air to be constant.

  According to the present invention, since the guide means for guiding the mounting member in the axial direction of the bellows is provided, it is possible to prevent the misalignment of the bellows, and the bellows can be smoothly expanded and contracted in the axial direction.

  According to the present invention, since the ball screw is configured including the movable body and the screw member, it is possible to efficiently convert the rotational motion of the drive source into the linear motion of the bellows with small power.

  According to the present invention, since the ball screw is composed of a ball screw with a ball spline, it is possible to prevent occurrence of misalignment of the bellows without providing guide means, and the bellows can be smoothly expanded and contracted in the axial direction thereof. Can be made.

  According to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9 to be described later, the drive source is provided outside the outer bellows and is connected to the screw member via the transmission means, so the axial length of the air pump is shortened. can do.

  According to the present invention, by retracting the bellows, inhalation can be guided to the patient via the conduit. In addition, exhaled air discharged from the patient is dissipated into the atmosphere through the second pipe. When the bellows is extended, a discharge check valve is provided in the air pump for the artificial respirator, so that air is not drawn into the bellows through the intake check valve without sucking air in the first conduit. Inflow. As described above, inhalation can be stably and smoothly supplied to the patient by using the air pump for the artificial respiration apparatus of the present invention as a part of the artificial respiration apparatus.

  According to the present invention, the control means controls the on-off valve and the drive means in response to the detection result of the differential pressure detection means, thereby sufficiently supplying air to the patient during the patient's inspiration period. During the exhalation period, the patient's exhalation can be discharged to the outside. Thereby, the ventilation function of the patient's lungs can be sufficiently supported, and the burden on the patient can be reduced.

  FIG. 1 is a simplified cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a first artificial respirator air pump 1 according to the present invention. The first artificial respirator air pump 1 (hereinafter abbreviated as “air pump”) includes an inner bellows 3 and an outer bellows 4. The inner bellows 3 has a substantially cylindrical shape and can be expanded and contracted in the direction of the axis 5 (the left-right direction in FIG. 1). The outer bellows 4 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is provided in a double concentric shape coaxially with the inner bellows 3 with an interval radially outward of the inner bellows 3. The outer bellows 4 corresponds to the bellows in the claims. The inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 are made of a material such as flexible rubber or synthetic resin, and the cross-sectional shape including the axis 5 is formed in a zigzag shape in a bellows shape.

  A rigid attachment member 7 is connected to one end in the axial direction of the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4, and a base body 8 is connected to the other end in the axial direction. The attachment member 7 has a disk shape, and is movable in the direction of the axis 5. The base body 8 is provided at a fixed position on the base plate 9 so as to face the mounting member 7. As a result, a first space 10 surrounded by the inner peripheral surface of the inner bellows 3, the mounting member 7 and the base 8 is formed inside the inner bellows 3, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner bellows 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer bellows 4. A second space 11 surrounded by the outer peripheral surface of the inner bellows 3, the inner peripheral surface of the outer bellows 4, the attachment member 7 and the base body 8 is formed.

  First and second suction check valves 13 and 14 are provided at positions of the base 8 facing the first and second spaces 10 and 11, respectively. The first and second suction check valves 13 and 14 have first and second suction ports 13a and 14a and valve seats 15 and 16, respectively, and are seated on or separated from the valve seats 15 and 16. It includes bodies 17 and 18 and springs 19 and 20 that press the valve bodies 17 and 18 against the valve seats 15 and 16, respectively. The second suction check valve 14 corresponds to the suction check valve in the claims.

  First and second discharge check valves 23 and 24 are respectively provided at positions of the base 8 facing the first and second spaces 10 and 11. The first and second discharge check valves 23 and 24 have first and second discharge ports 23a and 24a and valve seats 25 and 26, respectively, and are seated or separated from the valve seats 25 and 26. 27, 28 and springs 29, 30 for pressing the valve bodies 27, 28 against the valve seats 25, 26, respectively. The second discharge check valve 24 corresponds to the discharge check valve in the claims.

  Therefore, the first suction check valve 13 and the first discharge check valve 23 are provided in pairs at a position facing the first space 10 of the base body 8, and at a position facing the second space 11 of the base body 8. A second suction check valve 14 and a second discharge check valve 24 are provided in pairs.

  A driving means 33 is provided to extend and retract the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4. The drive means 33 includes a screw mechanism. In this embodiment, the screw mechanism comprises a ball screw 34. The ball screw 34 is provided outside the outer bellows 4 and includes a screw member 35 extending in the direction of the axis 5 and a nut 36. A ball screw groove is formed in the screw member 35 and the nut 36, and the screw member 35 and the nut 36 are screwed together via a ball mounted in the ball screw groove. One end of the screw member 35 is rotatably supported by a bearing attached to the bracket 37, and the vicinity of the other end of the screw member 35 is rotatably supported by a bearing 38 attached to the base 8. The bracket 37 is fixed to the base plate 9. The other end of the screw member 35 protrudes through the base body 8, and a pulley 40 is attached to the protruding portion. The nut 36 is connected to the attachment member 7 through a connection member 39.

  The base plate 9 is provided with a motor 41 as a drive source. A pulley 42 is attached to the motor shaft of the motor 41, and a transmission belt 43 as a transmission means is stretched between the pulley 40 of the screw member 35 and the pulley 40 of the motor shaft. Guide means 45 is provided in the vicinity of the screw member 35. The guide means 45 includes a guide rail 46 extending parallel to the axis of the screw member 35 and a guide block 47 connected to the nut 36 and movably engaged with the guide rail 46. The guide rail 46 is provided close to the screw member 35, and one end thereof is fixed to the bracket 37 and the other end is fixed to the base body 8. The configuration of the engaging portions of the guide rail 46 and the guide block 47 will be described later.

  Next, the operation of the air pump 1 will be described. When the motor 41 is driven, the rotational motion is transmitted to the screw member 35 via the transmission belt 43 to drive the screw member 35 to rotate. The rotational motion of the screw member 35 is converted into a linear motion of the nut 36, and the nut 36 is moved to one end side or the other end side of the screw member 35 depending on the rotational direction. When the nut 36 is moved, the mounting member 7 connected to the nut 36 is moved. When the mounting member 7 is moved, the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 are moved in a direction corresponding to the rotational movement of the motor 41. It expands and contracts.

  When the inner and outer bellows 3, 4 extend, the pressure in the first and second spaces 10, 11 decreases, so that the valve elements 17, 18 of the first and second suction check valves 13, 14 are connected to the valve seat 15. 16, the valve bodies 27 and 28 of the first and second discharge check valves 23 and 24 are seated on the valve seats 25 and 26, and the gas is introduced into the first and second spaces 10 and 11. In this form, air or patient exhalation is inhaled. When the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 are degenerated, the pressure in the first and second spaces 10 and 11 increases, so that the valve elements 27 and 28 of the first and second discharge check valves 23 and 24 are 26, the valve elements 17, 18 of the first and second suction check valves 13, 14 are seated on the valve seats 15, 16, and air or exhaled air is discharged from the first and second spaces 10, 11. Is done.

  The movement of the nut 36 is guided by the guide means 45 in the axial direction of the screw member 35, that is, in a direction parallel to the axial line 5 of the inner and outer bellows 3, 4. The movement of the nut 36 toward the one end of the screw member 35 is blocked by the bracket 37. Therefore, the bracket 37 also has an action as a stopper member.

  Thus, since the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 are arranged in a double concentric manner, the configuration can be made compact, and space can be saved. In addition, since a pair of suction and discharge check valves are provided in the first and second spaces 10 and 11, respectively, the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 are expanded and contracted simultaneously in the first and second spaces 10 and 11. Air or exhalation can be inhaled, and air or exhalation can be simultaneously discharged from within the first and second spaces 10 and 11. Thus, two air pumps 1 can function as one unit. Further, since the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 are driven to expand and contract by the ball screw 34 via the mounting member 7, the moving speed can be kept constant. Therefore, the flow rate of air or exhaled air discharged from the first and second spaces can be controlled to be constant. Further, since the nut 36 is guided by the guide means 45, misalignment of the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 during movement can be prevented. Therefore, the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 can be smoothly moved in the direction of the axis 5.

  FIG. 2 is a system diagram schematically showing the configuration of the artificial respiration apparatus 55 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. This artificial respirator 55 is preferably used to support the ventilation function of the lungs of a patient who breathes in a state where the insertion tube 56 as an attachment member is inserted into the trachea. The artificial respirator 55 includes the first air pump 1, the insertion tube 56, an inspiratory line 57, and an expiratory line 58. The intake pipe 57 is a pipe connecting the second discharge port 24 a of the second discharge check valve 24 of the air pump 1 and the insertion tube 56, and external air is supplied to the patient via the second space 11. Lead. The exhalation duct 58 is a duct that connects the first suction port 13a of the first inhalation check valve 13 of the air pump 1 and the insertion tube 56, and guides the exhalation of the patient to the outside through the first space 10. . In the present embodiment, the inspiratory duct 57 and the expiratory duct 58 merge at a position close to the patient to form a common duct. The first discharge port 23a of the first discharge check valve 23 of the air pump 1 and the second suction port 14a of the second suction check valve 14 are open to the atmosphere. The insertion tube 56 is detachably connected to a distal end portion of a common pipe portion of the inspiratory pipe line 57 and the expiratory pipe line 58 via a pipe joint 76. The pipe joint 76 has a first joint part 77 attached to the tip part and a second joint part 78 attached to the insertion tube 56.

  The exhalation duct 58 is provided with an on-off valve 59, a discharge valve 60, and a pressure holding valve 61 in this order from the upstream side of the patient exhalation flow direction. The on-off valve 59 is, for example, an electromagnetic valve, and opens / closes the exhalation pipeline 58. An on-off valve that opens and closes by a diaphragm may be used instead of the electromagnetic valve. The discharge valve 60 is a discharge check valve, and has a discharge port 63 and a valve seat 64, and a valve body 65 that is seated on or separated from the valve seat 64, and a spring 66 that presses the valve body 65 against the valve seat 64. And a spring force adjusting member 67 for adjusting the spring force of the spring 66. The exhaust valve 60 is opened when the pressure in the exhalation pipe line 58 reaches a predetermined pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, and exhausts exhaled air into the atmosphere. The spring force of the spring 66 is usually adjusted to be a very small spring force.

  The pressure holding valve 61 is an inhalation check valve provided near the first inhalation check valve 13 in the exhalation duct 58, has an intake port 68 and a valve seat 69, and is seated on or separated from the valve seat 69. And a spring 71 for pressing the valve body 70 against the valve seat 69, and a spring force adjusting member 72 for adjusting the spring force of the spring 71. When the pressure in the exhalation pipeline 58 becomes a predetermined pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure, the pressure holding valve 61 is opened and sucks external air into the exhalation pipeline 58, and Hold the pressure so that it does not drop excessively. The spring force of the spring 71 is adjusted so that the patient's exhalation is not disturbed.

  The artificial respiration apparatus 55 further includes a differential pressure detector 73 and a control means 74. The differential pressure detector 73 detects the difference between the pressure in the second space 11 and the pressure in the intake pipe 57. This makes it possible to detect whether the patient is in an inspiratory state or an exhaled state. That is, when the pressure in the second space 11 is higher than the pressure in the intake pipe 57, it is detected that the inhalation state is present, and when the pressure in the intake pipe 57 is higher than the pressure in the second space 11, exhalation is performed. A state is detected. In response to the output of the differential pressure detector 73, the control means 74 performs switching control of the rotation direction of the motor 41 according to each period of inspiration and expiration of the patient, and also performs opening / closing control of the opening / closing valve 59 as will be described later. Do. Although this embodiment can be suitably applied to a patient wearing an insertion tube as a mounting member, it can also be applied to a patient wearing a mask as a mounting member.

  FIG. 3 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the artificial respiration apparatus 55 shown in FIG. 3 (1) is a diagram showing the ventilation function of the patient's inspiratory and expiratory lungs, FIG. 3 (2) is a diagram showing the opening / closing operation of the on / off valve 59, and FIG. FIG. 3 (4) is a diagram illustrating the opening / closing operation of the first discharge check valve 23 of the air pump 1, and FIG. 3 (5) is a diagram illustrating the opening / closing operation of the first suction check valve 13. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an opening / closing operation of the suction check valve 14, and FIG. 3 (6) is a diagram showing an opening / closing operation of the second discharge check valve 24.

  At time t1 to t2, which is the patient's inhalation period, the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 start moving in the contraction direction, that is, the right side in FIG. 2, and the on-off valve 59 is closed. As a result, the pressure in the first and second spaces 10 and 11 is increased, so that the first and second discharge check valves 23 and 24 are opened, and the first and second suction check valves 13 and 14 are opened. Closed. Therefore, external air that has been inhaled into the second space 11 during the exhalation period to be described later is supplied as inspiration to the patient via the inhalation conduit 57 and the insertion tube 56, and the first space during the exhalation period to be described later. The exhaled breath of the patient that has been inhaled inside is discharged to the outside through the first discharge check valve 23. Since the on-off valve 59 is closed during the inhalation period, the inhalation of the inhalation into the exhalation duct 58 is prevented, and air can be sufficiently supplied to the patient.

  At time t2 to t3, which is the patient's expiration period, the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 start moving in the extending direction, that is, the left side in FIG. 2, and the on-off valve 59 is opened. As a result, the pressure in the first and second spaces 10 and 11 decreases, so the first and second suction check valves 13 and 14 are opened, and the first and second discharge check valves 23 and 24 are opened. Is closed. Accordingly, the exhalation of the patient is inhaled into the first space 10 through the insertion tube 56 and the exhalation conduit 58, and the outside air is inhaled into the second space 11 through the second inhalation check valve 14. The

  Even if the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 extend to the extension limit during the expiration period, that is, the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 move to the left side in FIG. 2 until the nut 36 and the bracket 37 contact each other. When the patient continues to exhale, the exhaust valve 60 is opened in response to an increase in the pressure in the exhalation conduit 58, and the patient's exhalation is exhausted to the atmosphere. Such a state occurs when the volume of the first space is too small compared to the exhalation volume of the patient. Further, when the pressure in the vicinity of the first inhalation check valve 13 in the expiratory duct 58 becomes excessively negative, the pressure holding valve 61 is opened so that the pressure does not drop below a predetermined pressure. Hold. Such a state occurs when the volume of the first space is excessive compared to the exhalation volume of the patient. By the action of the discharge valve 60 and the pressure holding valve 61, the patient's exhalation can be supported without disturbing the exhalation of the patient wearing the insertion tube 56 in the trachea.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, external air is supplied to the patient via the inspiratory conduit 57 and the insertion tube 56 during the inspiration period, and the patient's exhalation is supplied to the insertion tube 56 and the exhalation pipe during the expiration period. Since suction can be performed through the path 58, the ventilation function of the patient's lungs can be sufficiently supported, and the burden on the patient can be reduced. In addition, since the supply of air to the patient and the suction of the patient's exhalation can be realized by a single air pump 1, this is in combination with the fact that the air pump 1 is configured compactly as described above. Thus, the overall configuration of the artificial respiration apparatus 55 can be reduced in size.

  FIG. 4 is a system diagram showing a simplified configuration of the artificial respiration apparatus 81 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a configuration when the artificial respiration apparatus 81 of the present embodiment is applied to a patient wearing a mask 83. The artificial respiration apparatus 81 of this embodiment is similar to the artificial respiration apparatus 55 shown in FIG. 2, and corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the ventilator 81 can be applied both when the mask 83 is attached to the patient or when the insertion tube 56 is attached to the trachea of the patient. .

  The artificial respiration apparatus 81 further includes a direction switching valve 84 and an exhalation valve 85 in addition to the configuration of the artificial respiration apparatus 55. The direction switching valve 84 is disposed between the open / close valve 59 and the discharge valve 60 of the exhalation duct 58 and switches the exhalation flow direction as described later. The exhalation valve 85 is a discharge check valve connected to the direction switching valve 84. When the patient wears a mask as described later, the exhalation valve 85 controls the exhalation of the patient at the PEEP pressure (a predetermined pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure). Thus, the positive end-expiratory positive pressure (hereinafter referred to as the PEEP pressure) is maintained above. The exhalation-valve 85 has a discharge port 86 and a valve seat 87, and a valve body 88 that is seated on or separated from the valve seat 87, a spring 89 that presses the valve body 88 against the valve seat 87, and a spring force of the spring 89. And a spring force adjusting member 90 to be adjusted. The spring force of the exhalation valve 85 is adjusted according to a PEEP pressure that is predetermined for each patient. This spring force is set to a value larger than the spring force of the discharge valve 60. The other configuration of the present embodiment is exactly the same as the configuration of the artificial respiration apparatus 55 shown in FIG.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a simplified configuration of the direction switching valve 84 shown in FIG. The direction switching valve 84 is a four-port two-position switching valve and has first to fourth ports 91 to 94 and first to second positions 95 and 96. The direction switching valve 84 moves the position of the spool 99 by manually operating the lever 98 to switch the flow direction of expiration. The first port 91 is connected to an exhalation conduit 58 connecting the on-off valve 59 and the direction switching valve 84, and the second port 92 is an exhalation conduit connecting the first inhalation check valve 13 and the direction switching valve 84. 58, the third port 93 is open to the atmosphere, and the fourth port 94 is connected to the exhalation valve 84. The first position is a spool position where a passage connecting the first port 91 and the fourth port 94 and connecting the second port 92 and the third port 93 is formed as shown in FIG. Yes, the second position is a spool position where a passage connecting the first port 91 and the second port 92 and connecting the third port 93 and the fourth port 94 is formed as shown in FIG. It is. As a result, when the spool position of the direction switching valve 84 is switched to the first position 95, the exhaled air that has passed through the on-off valve 59 flows toward the exhalation valve 85, and the air sucked from the third port 93 is the first inhalation check valve. It flows toward 13. Further, when the spool position of the direction switching valve 84 is switched to the second position 96, the exhaled air that has passed through the on-off valve 59 flows toward the first inhalation check valve 13, and the air from the third port 93 is the valve of the exhalation valve 85. Contact body 88. In the present embodiment, when the patient wears the mask 83, the direction switching valve 84 is switched to the first position 95 as shown in FIG. 4 and the patient's exhalation flows toward the exhalation valve 85. When the insertion tube is attached to the trachea of the patient, the direction switching valve 84 is switched to the second position as shown in FIG. 7 to be described later, and the exhalation of the patient flows toward the first inhalation check valve 13.

  FIG. 6 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the artificial respiration apparatus 81 shown in FIG. 6 (1) to 6 (6) are exactly the same as FIGS. 3 (1) to 3 (6), and a description thereof will be omitted. FIG. 6 (7) is a diagram showing the operation of the direction switching valve 84, and FIG. 6 (8) is a diagram showing the operation of the exhalation valve 85. When the patient is wearing the mask 83, the direction switching valve 84 is manually switched to the first position 95. Thus, during the entire breath period, the patient's exhalation flows toward the exhalation valve 85 as shown in FIG. At time t11 to t12, which is the patient's inspiration period, the exhalation valve 85 is closed.

  Since the patient's exhalation flows toward the exhalation valve 85 from time t12 to t13, which is the exhalation period of the patient, the exhalation valve 85 is opened when the exhalation pressure of the patient is equal to or higher than the PEEP pressure. Thus, the patient's exhalation is kept above the PEEP pressure. Further, during the expiration period, air sucked from the third port 93 of the direction switching valve 84 is sucked into the first space 10 via the first suction check valve 13. Accordingly, an excessive pressure drop in the inner bellows 3 is prevented, so that the movement resistance of the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 in the extending direction is reduced, and the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 can be moved smoothly. it can.

  FIG. 7 is a system diagram showing a simplified configuration when the artificial respiration apparatus 81 shown in FIG. 4 is applied to a patient wearing the insertion tube 56. When the insertion tube 56 is attached to the trachea of the patient, the direction switching valve 84 is switched to the second position 96 shown in FIG. As a result, the exhaled breath of the patient that has passed through the opening / closing valve 59 flows toward the first inhalation check valve 13 via the direction switching valve 84. That is, the exhalation valve 85 and the third port 93 of the direction switching valve 84 are separated from the exhalation flow path. Such a patient exhalation flow path is exactly the same as the exhalation flow path of the artificial respiration apparatus 55 shown in FIG. Therefore, since the operation of the artificial respiration apparatus 81 in the state shown in FIG. 7 is exactly the same as the operation of the artificial respiration apparatus 55, the description thereof is omitted.

  As described above, the artificial respiration apparatus 81 shown in FIGS. 4 and 7 includes the mask 83 and the insertion tube 56, and the direction is switched depending on whether the patient is wearing the mask 83 or the insertion tube 56. Since the spool position of the valve 84 can be switched, one artificial respirator 81 can be operated with a simple operation for either a patient wearing the mask 83 or a patient wearing the insertion tube 56. Even can be applied. Therefore, the operation rate of the artificial respirator can be increased. In addition, since the exhalation pressure can be maintained at or above the PEEP pressure during the exhalation period for the patient wearing the mask, it is possible to prevent the collapse of the alveoli during the artificial respiration management. Further, the same effect as that of the artificial respiration apparatus 55 shown in FIG. 2 can be obtained for the patient wearing the insertion tube 56.

  FIG. 8 is a simplified cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the second air pump 101 according to the present invention. The second air pump 101 is similar to the first air pump 1, and corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the first suction check valve 13 and the first discharge check valve are located at a position where a part of the driving means 102 is provided in the first space 10 and at a position facing the first space 10 of the base 8. 23 is not provided.

  The second air pump 101 includes driving means 102, a suction check valve 103, and a discharge check valve 104. The driving means 102 includes a screw mechanism and a motor 105 as a driving source, and the screw mechanism includes a ball screw 106. The ball screw 106 includes a screw member 107 provided in the first space 10 and extending coaxially with the axis 5 of the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4, and a nut 108. The screw member 107 and the nut 108 are screwed together via a ball. A stopper member 109 is provided at one end of the screw member 107, and a support member such as a bearing is not provided. The vicinity of the other end of the screw member 107 is rotatably supported by a bearing 38 attached to the base 8. The other end portion of the screw member 107 penetrates the base body 8 and protrudes outward, and a shaft coupling 110 is attached to the distal end portion of the protruding portion. The nut 108 is connected to the attachment member 113 via the connecting member 111. A through hole is formed at a position facing the first space of the attachment member 113.

  A motor 105 is attached to the base 9. The motor 105 is provided on an extension of the axis of the screw member 107, and the tip of the motor shaft of the motor 105 is connected to the other end in the axial direction of the screw member 107 via the shaft coupling 110. Accordingly, if the motor 105 is driven, the screw member 107 can be rotationally driven. The suction check valve 103 and the discharge check valve 104 are provided at positions facing the second space 11 of the base body 8. The configurations of the suction check valve 103 and the discharge check valve 104 are the same as the configurations of the second suction check valve 14 and the second discharge check valve 24. Other configurations of the second air pump 101 are the same as those of the first air pump 1.

  Thus, the screw member 107 of the driving means 102 of the second air pump 101 extends coaxially with the axis 5 of the inner and outer bellows 34, and the motor 105 is provided on the extension of the axis of the screw member 107. As a result, the configuration can be made compact, and space can be saved.

  FIG. 9 is a plan cross-sectional view showing a simplified configuration of the third air pump 115 according to the present invention. The third air pump 115 is similar to the second air pump 101, and corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the motor 105 that is a drive source is arranged on the outer side of the outer bellows 4 rather than on the extension line of the screw member 107. The other end portion of the screw member 107 protrudes from the base 8, and a pulley 116 is provided at the tip end portion of the protruding portion. The motor 105 is disposed outside the outer bellows 4, and a pulley 117 is provided at the tip of the motor shaft. A transmission belt 118 serving as transmission means is stretched between the pulley 116 of the screw member 107 and the pulley 117 of the motor shaft. Accordingly, if the motor 105 is driven, the screw member 107 can be rotationally driven. Other configurations of the third air pump 115 are the same as those of the second air pump 101.

  Thus, since the motor 105 of the third air pump 115 is provided outside the outer bellows 4 and connected to the screw member 107 via the transmission belt 118, the inner and outer bellows 3, 4 in the direction of the axis 5 The length of the third air pump 115 can be shortened.

  FIG. 10 is a simplified cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the fourth air pump 119 according to the present invention. The fourth air pump 119 is similar to the second air pump 101, and corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the entire drive means 121 including the motor 120 of the fourth air pump 119 is accommodated in the first space 10. The fourth air pump 119 includes a base body 122. The base body 122 is a member provided at a fixed position, and is connected to the other end portions of the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4. A cylindrical storage portion 123 protruding into the first space 10 is formed at a position facing the first space 10 of the base 122, and the other end of the screw member 107 provided in the first space 10. The part protrudes into the internal space of the storage part 123. The motor 120 of the fourth air pump 119 is a direct current brushless motor, and includes a rotor 124 mounted on the projecting portion of the screw member 107 and a stator 125 provided at a distance radially outward of the rotor 124. It is comprised including. The stator 125 is provided in the internal space of the storage unit 123 and is fixed to the storage unit 123. Accordingly, when a DC voltage is applied to the stator 125, the rotor 124 rotates with the screw member 107 around the axis of the screw member 107, that is, the axis 5 of the inner and outer bellows 3, 4. The other configuration of the fourth air pump 120 is the same as that of the second air pump 101.

  As described above, the entire drive means 121 of the fourth air pump 119 is provided in the first space 10, and the rotor 124 in which the motor 120 is mounted on the screw member 107 and the stator 125 that surrounds the rotor 124. Therefore, it is possible to further reduce the size of the configuration and further save space.

  FIG. 11 is a system diagram showing a simplified configuration of the artificial respiration apparatus 135 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The artificial respiration apparatus 135 is similar to the artificial respiration apparatus 81 shown in FIG. 4, and corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the type of the air pump is different and that the exhalation line 58 is open to the atmosphere via the exhalation valve 85 without being connected to the air pump. The artificial respiration apparatus 135 includes a fourth air pump 119. The intake pipe 57 connects the discharge check valve 104 of the fourth air pump 119 and the mask 83 which is a mounting member mounted on the patient, and supplies external air to the patient. The exhalation line 58 connects the mask 83 and the exhalation valve 85, and guides the exhalation of the patient into the atmosphere. In the exhalation pipe line 58, an open / close valve 59 and an exhalation valve 85 are arranged in this order from the upstream side in the exhalation flow direction, and the direction switching valve 84, the exhaust valve 60 and the pressure holding valve 61 are not provided. Other configurations of the artificial respiration apparatus 135 are the same as those of the artificial respiration apparatus 81 shown in FIG.

  FIG. 12 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the artificial respiration apparatus 135 shown in FIG. FIG. 12 (1) is a diagram showing the lung aspiration function of the patient's inspiration and expiration, FIG. 12 (2) is a diagram showing the opening / closing operation of the on / off valve 59, and FIG. 12 (3) is the inhalation check valve. FIG. 12 (4) is a diagram showing the opening / closing operation of the discharge check valve 104, and FIG. 12 (5) is a diagram showing the opening / closing operation of the exhalation valve 85. At times t21 to t22, which are the patient's inspiration period, the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 start to move in the direction of contraction, that is, the right side in FIG. As a result, the pressure in the second space 11 is increased, so that the discharge check valve 104 is opened and the suction check valve 103 is closed. Accordingly, external air that has been inhaled into the second space 11 during the expiration period is supplied as inhalation to the patient via the inspiratory conduit 57 and the mask 83. Since the on-off valve 59 is closed during the inhalation period, the inhalation of the inhalation from the exhalation duct 58 is prevented, and air can be sufficiently supplied to the patient.

  At times t22 to t23, which is the expiration period of the patient, the on / off valve 59 is opened while the inner or outer bellows 3 and 4 start to move in the extending direction, that is, the left side in FIG. As a result, the pressure in the second space 11 decreases, so that the suction check valve 103 is opened and the discharge check valve 104 is closed. Thus, the patient's exhalation is exhausted from the exhalation valve 85 via the air mask and exhalation line 58. As described above, the exhalation valve 85 is adjusted so as to be opened when the exhalation pressure is equal to or higher than the PEEP pressure predetermined for each patient, so that the exhalation pressure of the patient can be maintained above the PEEP pressure. Therefore, the collapse of the alveoli during artificial respiration management can be prevented.

  Since the artificial respiration apparatus 135 includes the compactly configured fourth air pump 119 as described above, the direction switching valve 84, the discharge valve 60, and the pressure holding valve 61 are not provided. Therefore, it can be suitably applied as an artificial respiration apparatus for home care.

  Further, as a ventilator according to still another embodiment of the present invention, instead of the fourth air pump 119 of the ventilator 135 shown in FIG. You may comprise so that any one may be provided. Each artificial respirator configured in this way can also achieve the same effects as the respirator 135.

  FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a simplified configuration of the engaging portion of the guide rail 46 and the guide block 47 shown in FIG. The cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the guide rail 46 is substantially I-shaped, and two rolling grooves 49 extending along the guide rail 46 are provided at two corners of the upper portion of the guide rail 46, respectively. It is formed one by one. The guide block 47 is mounted so as to surround the upper portion of the guide rail 46, and includes a main body 50, an end plate 51, a plurality of steel balls 52, and a cage 53 that holds the steel balls 52. The main body 52 is formed with rolling grooves at positions facing the four rolling grooves 49, and a plurality of steel balls 52 are arranged in a row in each rolling groove 49. Each steel ball row circulates while rolling in the rolling groove 49. Thus, the guide block 47 can freely move along the guide rail 46 under a low frictional resistance.

  FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a simplified configuration of a ball screw 127 with a ball spline, which is another embodiment of the screw mechanism. The ball spline-equipped ball screw 127 includes a shaft 128, a ball screw nut 129, a spline outer cylinder 130, and a bearing 131. The shaft 128 has the same axis as the axis 5 of the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4, and a spiral ball screw groove 129a and a ball spline groove 130a extending parallel to the axial direction intersect on the outer peripheral surface thereof. Is formed.

  The ball screw nut 129 is screwed to the shaft 128 via a ball mounted on the ball screw groove 129a of the shaft 128, and the spline outer cylinder 130 is connected to the shaft 128 via a ball mounted on the spline groove 130a of the shaft 128. It is attached to. The ball screw nut 129 and the spline outer cylinder 130 are arranged with an interval in the axial direction. Bearings 131 are mounted on the outer peripheral surfaces of the ball screw nut 129 and the spline outer cylinder 130. The bearing 131 includes a ball screw nut 129, a ball 132 mounted in the rolling grooves 129 b and 130 b on the outer peripheral surface of the spline outer cylinder 130, and an outer ring 133 that surrounds the ball 132. The outer ring 133 extends in the axial direction of the shaft 128, covers both the ball screw nut 129 and the spline outer cylinder 130, and connects the two.

  When the shaft 128 rotates, the ball screw nut 129 moves in the axial direction by the ball rolling in the ball screw groove 129a. The spline outer cylinder 130 moves in the axial direction by rolling of the ball mounted in the spline groove 130 a in conjunction with the axial movement of the ball screw nut 129 while rotating together with the shaft 128.

  Thus, if the outer ring 133 is connected to the air pump mounting member and the shaft 128 is driven to rotate, the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 can be smoothly moved along the axis 5 without causing misalignment. Is possible. Further, since the ball spline groove functions as a guide rail, the guide means 45 can be omitted. This ball spline-equipped ball screw 127 can be applied in place of the ball screw 34 as a screw mechanism of the first to fourth air pumps 1, 101, 115, 119.

  As described above, the first air pump 1 is configured such that the exhalation conduit 58 is connected to the first inhalation check valve 13 and the inhalation conduit 57 is connected to the second discharge check valve 24. However, the exhalation conduit 58 may be connected to the second inhalation check valve 14 and the inhalation conduit 58 may be connected to the first discharge check valve 23. Further, in the artificial respirators 55 and 81, although the exhaust valve 60 and the pressure holding valve 61 are provided in the exhalation conduit 58, the volume of the first space 10 is set appropriately without being too small with respect to the exhalation volume of the patient. The exhaust valve 60 does not have to be provided when the first volume 10 is set, and the pressure holding valve 61 does not have to be provided when the volume of the first space 10 is not excessive with respect to the exhalation volume of the patient and is appropriately set. Moreover, although the drive means is comprised by the screw mechanism and the drive source, it is not limited to such a structure, Other structures, such as a hose motor, may be sufficient. Moreover, although the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 are coaxially arranged in a double concentric circle shape, the inner and outer bellows 3 and 4 may not be coaxially arranged as long as the axes are parallel.

The following embodiments are possible for the present invention.
(1) A substantially cylindrical inner bellows that can be expanded and contracted in a predetermined axial direction, a substantially cylindrical outer bellows that is provided at an interval on the outside of the outer peripheral surface of the inner bellows, and can be expanded and contracted in the axial direction; An attachment member that is connected to one axial end portion of the inner and outer bellows and is movable in the axial direction, and a base body that is provided at a fixed position facing the attachment member and is connected to the other axial end portion of the inner and outer bellows Drive means for driving the attachment member to move close to and away from the base body in the axial direction, and provided in the base body, in the first space inside the inner bellows and between the outer peripheral surface of the inner bellows and the inner peripheral surface of the outer bellows The first and second inhalation check valves for inhaling air or patient's exhalation into the second space in between, respectively, and the base, respectively, exhaust the air or patient's exhalation from the first and second spaces, respectively. 1st and 2nd discharge Ventilator air pump which comprises a check valve.

  As shown in FIG. 1 described above, the inner and outer bellows are doubled, so that the configuration can be made compact and space can be saved. In addition, since the first and second spaces are formed by the inner and outer bellows, the inner and outer bellows are expanded and contracted in synchronism to simultaneously inhale air or patient exhalation into the two spaces, and in the two spaces. At the same time, air or exhaled air can be discharged. Thus, it is possible to work for two units with one air pump.

  (2) The drive means includes a screw member that extends parallel to the axial direction, is provided outside the outer bellows, and is coupled to the mounting member, and a drive source that rotationally drives the screw member. An air pump for a respirator characterized by that.

  Since the inner and outer bellows are driven to expand and contract by the drive source and the screw mechanism, the moving speed can be kept constant. Therefore, it is easy to control the flow rate of the air and the exhaled air discharged from the first and second spaces to be constant.

  (3) The ventilator air pump, a mounting member that is detachably mounted on a patient, one of the first and second discharge check valves of the ventilator air pump, and a mounting member An exhalation line that connects the first and second inhalation check valves corresponding to the other of the first and second discharge check valves and the mounting member, and an exhalation line An open / close valve that opens / shuts the exhalation line, and controls the open / close valve during the patient's inspiratory period to block the exhalation line and controls the open / close valve during the patient's exhalation period. And a control means for opening the exhalation duct.

  As shown in FIG. 2 described above, one of the first and second spaces communicates with the patient via the inspiratory conduit and the mounting member. Either one of the spaces and the patient communicate with each other via the exhalation duct and the mounting member. Thus, for example, during the inhalation period, the volume of one space can be reduced to increase the pressure to atmospheric pressure or more, and air can be supplied to the patient from one space, and the volume of the other space can be supplied during the expiration period. Is increased to reduce the pressure below atmospheric pressure, and the patient's exhalation can be sucked into the other space. Therefore, exhalation of the patient can be supported, and the burden on the patient can be reduced. In addition, since the supply of inhalation to the patient and the suction of the exhalation of the patient can be realized with a single device, space can be saved, and the artificial respiration apparatus can be miniaturized.

  (4) It is provided in the breathing line, and includes a discharge valve that opens when the pressure in the exhalation line reaches a predetermined pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, and discharges the exhalation into the atmosphere. Ventilator.

  Since an exhalation valve is provided in the exhalation pipeline, and the exhalation valve is opened when the pressure in the exhalation pipeline reaches a predetermined pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, the exhalation can be discharged into the atmosphere. During the period, even when the volume of the other space expands to the maximum and the exhalation suction force becomes zero, the patient's exhalation can be discharged to the outside.

  (5) The ventilator air pump, the removable insertion tube attached to the patient's trachea, the removable mask attached to the patient, and the first and second ventilator pumps An intake pipe connecting any one of the discharge check valves and an insertion tube or a mask; and first and second suction check valves corresponding to the other of the first and second discharge check valves; An exhalation line connecting the insertion tube or the mask, an open / close valve provided in the middle of the exhalation line, for opening / closing the exhalation line, and on the downstream side of the exhalation line in the flow direction of exhalation A directional switching valve provided in the directional switching valve, and an exhalation valve connected to the directional switching valve for maintaining the exhalation pressure of the patient at a predetermined pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure, and the exhalation tube by controlling the on-off valve during the inhalation period of the patient Shut off the passage and open and close the valve during the exhalation period And a control means for controlling the opening of the exhalation line, and the direction switching valve guides the exhalation that has passed through the on-off valve to the first or second inhalation check valve when the patient is wearing the insertion tube. An artificial respirator characterized in that when the patient is wearing a mask, exhaled air that has passed through the on-off valve is guided to the exhaled valve and external air is guided to the first or second inhalation check valve.

  As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 7 described above, any one of the first and second spaces communicates with the patient's trachea via the inspiratory line and the insertion tube or mask connected thereto. The other of the first and second spaces communicates with the patient's trachea via the expiratory duct and the insertion tube or mask connected thereto. In addition, a direction switching valve is provided in the exhalation pipeline, and the exhalation valve is connected to the direction switching valve. The exhalation valve keeps the exhalation pressure constant at a predetermined pressure higher than atmospheric pressure (hereinafter referred to as positive end expiratory pressure or PEEP pressure) during the exhalation period. The direction switching valve guides exhalation to the other space when the patient is wearing the insertion tube, and guides exhalation to the exhalation valve and external air to the other space when the patient is wearing the mask. This makes it possible for a patient wearing an insertion tube to increase the volume of the other space to reduce the pressure below atmospheric pressure and to draw the patient's exhalation into the other space during the expiration period. Therefore, it becomes possible to support the patient's exhalation discharge, and the burden on the patient can be reduced. In addition, since the exhalation valve can maintain the exhalation pressure to be equal to or higher than the PEEP pressure during the exhalation period, the patient wearing the mask can prevent the alveoli from collapsing during the artificial respiration management. In addition, since one ventilator can be applied to both a patient wearing an insertion tube and a patient wearing a mask by switching the direction switching valve, the operation of the ventilator The rate can be increased.

  (6) Provided on the downstream side of the exhalation duct direction switching valve in the exhalation flow direction, and when the pressure in the exhalation duct reaches a predetermined pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure, the exhalation is brought into the atmosphere An artificial respiration apparatus characterized by including a discharge valve that discharges the air.

  Since the exhaust valve is provided downstream of the direction switching valve of the exhalation line, the exhalation of the patient wearing the insertion tube is externally connected even when the exhalation suction force by the air pump becomes zero. Can be discharged.

  (7) Provided near the first or second inhalation check valve in the exhalation line, and when the pressure in the exhalation line becomes a predetermined pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure, the open line is opened and external air is called An artificial respiration apparatus including a pressure holding valve for inhaling into a trachea.

  A pressure holding valve is provided in the vicinity of the first or second inhalation check valve of the expiration line, and the pressure holding valve is opened when the pressure in the expiration line becomes a predetermined pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure. Since external air is sucked into the exhalation duct, it is possible to prevent the pressure in the exhalation duct from becoming excessively negative. Thus, the patient's exhalation can be supported without disturbing the exhalation of the patient wearing the insertion tube.

  (8) a substantially cylindrical inner bellows that can be expanded and contracted in a predetermined axial direction, and a substantially cylindrical outer bellows that is provided outside the outer peripheral surface of the inner bellows and that can be expanded and contracted in the axial direction; An attachment member that is connected to one axial end portion of the inner and outer bellows and is movable in the axial direction, and a base body that is provided at a fixed position facing the attachment member and connected to the other axial end portion of the inner and outer bellows And at least a portion provided in the first space inside the inner bellows, and driving means for driving the mounting member to move closer to and away from the base in the axial direction, and provided on the base, the outer peripheral surface of the inner bellows and the outer bellows And a discharge check valve that is provided in the base and discharges air from the second space. Air pump for breathing equipment.

  The inner and outer bellows are doubled, and at least a part of the driving means is disposed in the first space inside the inner bellows, so that the configuration can be made compact and space saving. Can be achieved.

  (9) The driving means includes a screw member extending in parallel to the axial direction, provided in the first space, connected to the mounting member, and provided on an extension line of the axis of the screw member. An air pump for an artificial respirator, comprising: a drive source coupled to the other axial end of the member and drivingly rotating the screw member.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the screw mechanism of the driving means is disposed in the first space, the screw member of the screw mechanism extends in parallel to the axis of the inner and outer bellows, and is on the extension line of the axis of the screw member. Since the drive source is provided in the configuration, the configuration can be made compact and space can be saved.

  (10) The driving means includes a screw member extending in parallel with the axial direction, provided in the first space, connected to the mounting member, and provided outside the outer bellows, and the transmission means An air pump for a respirator comprising: a drive source coupled to the other axial end of the screw member through which the screw member is rotationally driven.

  Since the drive source is provided outside the outer bellows as shown in FIG. 9 and is connected to the screw member via the transmission means, the length of the air pump in the axial direction can be shortened.

  (11) The driving means includes a screw member extending in parallel to the axial direction, provided in the first space, and connected to an attachment member; and provided in the first space, the screw member A cylindrical storage portion protruding into the first space is formed at a position facing the first space of the base body, and the other end of the screw member is a storage portion. A rotor that is attached to the other axial end of the screw member that protrudes into the internal space of the storage portion and rotates with the screw member around the axis of the screw member; And an air pump for a respirator characterized by including a stator provided in the internal space of the storage portion and spaced radially outward of the rotor.

  As shown in FIG. 10 described above, the entire drive means is provided in the first space, and the drive source is composed of the rotor mounted on the screw member and the stator surrounding the rotor. Can be further reduced, and space can be saved.

  (12) The artificial respirator air pump according to (12), wherein the driving means further includes guide means provided in the vicinity of the screw member and guiding the attachment member in the axial direction.

  Since guide means for guiding the mounting member in the axial direction of the inner and outer bellows are provided close to the screw member, it is possible to prevent the inner and outer bellows from being misaligned. It can be displaced smoothly in the axial direction.

  (13) The air pump for an artificial respirator, wherein the screw mechanism comprises a ball screw.

  Since the screw mechanism is composed of a ball screw, it is possible to efficiently convert the rotational motion of the drive source into the linear motion of the inner and outer bellows with a small power.

  (14) The air pump for an artificial respirator, wherein the screw mechanism is composed of a ball screw with a ball spline.

  Since the screw mechanism consists of ball screws with ball splines, it is possible to prevent the inner and outer bellows from being misaligned without providing guide means, and the inner and outer bellows can be smoothly displaced in the axial direction. Can do.

  (15) The artificial respirator pump, a mounting member that is detachably mounted on the patient, an inspiratory line that connects the discharge check valve and the mounting member, and a mounting member that is connected to the patient's breath. An exhalation conduit that guides the air into the atmosphere, an open / close valve that opens / shuts off the exhalation conduit, and an expiratory flow downstream of the open / close valve of the exhalation conduit, An exhalation valve that maintains the exhalation pressure above a predetermined pressure higher than atmospheric pressure during the exhalation period, and the exhalation line is shut off by controlling the on / off valve during the patient's inspiration period. And a control means for opening the exhalation duct by controlling the breathing apparatus.

  As shown in FIG. 11 described above, the inspiratory line connects the air pump and the mounting member, and the expiratory line connects the mounting member and the exhalation valve via an on-off valve. The control means closes the on-off valve during the inspiration period and opens the on-off valve during the expiration period. As a result, even if the inspiratory pressure is high, the inhalation of the inhalation through the exhalation duct is prevented, so that the inhalation can be sufficiently supplied to the patient. In addition, during the expiration period, expiration is maintained at or above the PEEP pressure by the expiration valve. In addition, since the air pump is configured in a compact manner, the entire apparatus can be reduced in size.

It is sectional drawing which simplifies and shows the structure of the air pump 1 for 1st artificial respiration apparatuses which concerns on this invention. It is a systematic diagram which simplifies and shows the structure of the artificial respiration apparatus 55 which is 1st Embodiment of this invention. 3 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the artificial respiration apparatus 55 shown in FIG. 2. It is a systematic diagram which simplifies and shows the structure of the artificial respiration apparatus 81 which is the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which simplifies and shows the structure of the direction switching valve 84 shown in FIG. It is a timing chart for demonstrating operation | movement of the artificial respiration apparatus 81 shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a system diagram schematically showing a configuration when the artificial respiration apparatus 81 shown in FIG. 4 is applied to a patient wearing an insertion tube 56. It is sectional drawing which simplifies and shows the structure of the 2nd air pump 101 which concerns on this invention. It is a plane sectional view showing simplified the composition of the 3rd air pump 115 concerning the present invention. It is sectional drawing which simplifies and shows the structure of the 4th air pump 119 which concerns on this invention. It is a systematic diagram which simplifies and shows the structure of the artificial respiration apparatus 135 which is the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 12 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the artificial respiration apparatus 135 shown in FIG. 11. It is a perspective view which simplifies and shows the structure of the engaging part of the guide rail 46 and guide block 47 which are shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which simplifies and shows the structure of the ball screw 127 with a ball spline which is other embodiment of a screw mechanism.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st air pump 3 Inner bellows 4 Outer bellows 7 Mounting member 8 Base 10 First space 11 Second space 13 First suction check valve 14 Second suction check valve 23 First discharge check valve 24 Second discharge reverse Stop valve 34, 106 Ball screw 35, 107 Screw member 36, 108 Nut 55, 81, 135 Respirator 56 Insertion tube 57 Intake line 58 Expiratory line 59 Open / close valve 60 Drain valve 61 Pressure holding valve 83 Mask 84 Direction switching Valve 85 Expiratory valve 101 Second air pump 115 Third air pump 119 Fourth air pump

Claims (7)

(A) a substantially cylindrical bellows capable of expanding and contracting in a predetermined axial direction;
(B) an attachment member connected to one end of the bellows in the axial direction and movable in the axial direction;
(C) a base body provided at a fixed position facing the mounting member and connected to the other axial end of the bellows;
(D) drive means for driving the attachment member to move away from the base in the axial direction;
(D1) a movable body coupled to the mounting member;
(D2) a screw member formed so as to be rotatable with respect to the movable body in a state of being threaded through the movable body and extending parallel to the axial direction;
(D3) a drive means having a drive means having a drive source for rotationally driving the screw member;
(E) a suction check valve provided on the base for sucking air into the internal space of the bellows;
(F) An air pump for a respirator characterized in that it includes a discharge check valve provided on the base and for discharging air from the internal space of the bellows.   2. The air pump for a respirator according to claim 1, wherein the driving means further includes guide means for guiding the mounting member in the axial direction.   The air pump for a respirator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a ball screw is configured including the movable body and the screw member.   4. The air pump for a respirator according to claim 3, wherein the screw mechanism is a ball screw with a ball spline. The drive source is disposed radially outward of the bellows;
5. The artificial respirator air pump according to claim 1, wherein the driving unit further includes a transmission unit configured to transmit power from the driving source to the screw member. An air pump for a respirator according to any one of claims 1 to 5;
An attachment member detachably attached to the patient;
An intake pipe connecting the discharge check valve and the mounting member;
An exhalation line connected to the mounting member for directing patient exhalation into the atmosphere;
An on-off valve provided in the middle of the exhalation line, for opening / closing the exhalation line,
During the patient's inhalation period, the open / close valve is controlled to shut off the exhalation line and the drive means is controlled to degenerate the bellows, and during the patient's exhalation period, the open / close valve is controlled to open the exhalation line. And a control means for extending the bellows by controlling the driving means. And further comprising a differential pressure detecting means for detecting a differential pressure between the pressure in the bellows and the pressure in the air supply pipe, and the control means is configured to cause the on-off valve and the driving means to respond in response to a detection result of the differential pressure detecting means. The artificial respiration apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the artificial respiration apparatus is controlled.

Images