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JP2006098030A - Fuel distributor and distributing method for solid fuel combustion facility - Google Patents

Fuel distributor and distributing method for solid fuel combustion facility Download PDF

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JP2006098030A
JP2006098030A JP2004288027A JP2004288027A JP2006098030A JP 2006098030 A JP2006098030 A JP 2006098030A JP 2004288027 A JP2004288027 A JP 2004288027A JP 2004288027 A JP2004288027 A JP 2004288027A JP 2006098030 A JP2006098030 A JP 2006098030A
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fuel
distribution
solid fuel
solid
burner
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Yutaka Takeno
豊 竹野
Hiroaki Kanemoto
浩明 金本
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Mitsubishi Power Ltd
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Babcock Hitachi KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solid fuel distributor and its distributing method for adjusting the distributed quantity of solid fuel of a solid fuel combustion facility and controlling the deviation of the distributed quantity in a coal burning boiler plant or the like. <P>SOLUTION: The fuel distributor for a solid fuel crushing device in the solid fuel combustion facility, and its distribution method, are provided with a distributed quantity adjusting device 20 capable of adjusting the distributed quantity of solid fuel independently at every connection part of a distributing part 6 for distributing solid fuel to each fuel piping 7, and each fuel piping 7. According to measured values such as the mass flow of solid fuel in each fuel piping 7, and/or the flame temperature of a solid fuel burner 8, the distributed quantity of solid fuel distributed to each fuel piping 7 can be adjusted and controlled to control the deviation of the distributed quantity. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、石炭焚ボイラプラント等において、石炭等の固体燃料を粉砕装置で粉砕した後に、複数のバーナへ供給して燃焼させる設備で使用される際の粉砕装置から複数のバーナへ固体燃料を分配・搬送する燃料分配装置及びその分配方法に関する。     In the present invention, in a coal fired boiler plant or the like, after solid fuel such as coal is pulverized by a pulverizer, the solid fuel is supplied from the pulverizer to a plurality of burners when used in facilities for supplying and burning to a plurality of burners. The present invention relates to a fuel distribution device that distributes and conveys and a distribution method thereof.

石炭焚きボイラプラントの敷地内に設けられた粉砕装置により石炭を粉砕して得られた微粉炭を燃料として燃焼させる火力発電用の石炭焚ボイラプラントでは、粉砕装置により粉砕されて微細粒化した微粉炭は、搬送用空気と混合されて混合流体となり、粉砕装置の混合流体の出口側に設けられた分配部により複数の燃料配管へ分配された後、各バーナへと搬送されて、燃焼する。   In a coal-fired boiler plant for thermal power generation that burns pulverized coal obtained by pulverizing coal using a pulverizer installed on the premises of a coal-fired boiler plant as fuel, the pulverized powder is pulverized by a pulverizer. The charcoal is mixed with the carrier air to become a mixed fluid, distributed to a plurality of fuel pipes by a distribution unit provided on the outlet side of the mixed fluid of the pulverizer, and then conveyed to each burner for combustion.

図12に従来例の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置を示す。本例では石炭の粉砕装置として竪型粉砕機を用いている。図12において、外部より給炭管1を介して竪型粉砕機に投入された石炭50は、粉砕部において粉砕テーブル2と粉砕ローラ3又は図示しない粉砕ボールとのかみ込みにより粉砕される。石炭粉砕装置には外部から粉砕機側壁底部に設けられた高温空気供給口51から高温空気が供給され、スロート4から粉砕部に噴出する。そして石炭50は、該高温空気により矢印52方向に吹き上げられて、粉砕機内上部の分級装置5へと搬送される。   FIG. 12 shows a conventional fuel distribution apparatus for a solid fuel combustion facility. In this example, a vertical crusher is used as a coal crusher. In FIG. 12, coal 50 introduced from the outside into the vertical pulverizer through the coal supply pipe 1 is pulverized in the pulverization unit by biting between the pulverization table 2 and the pulverization roller 3 or a pulverization ball (not shown). The coal pulverizer is supplied with high temperature air from the high temperature air supply port 51 provided in the bottom of the pulverizer side wall from the outside, and is ejected from the throat 4 to the pulverization unit. Then, the coal 50 is blown up in the direction of the arrow 52 by the high-temperature air, and is conveyed to the classification device 5 in the upper part of the pulverizer.

分級装置5に到達した石炭粒子群は、分級装置5によって粉砕機内上方を周回転するように旋回し、その遠心力とガス流から受ける流体抗力の関係によって、分級装置5を矢印53方向に通過する微粉炭と、粉砕部へと落下して再び粉砕される矢印54方向に落下する粗粉炭に分離される。分級装置5を通過した微粉炭は燃料分配部6へと送られ、分級装置5による旋回を保持しながら燃料分配部6内部を周方向に移動し、分配部6の最上部に到達したところで複数の燃料配管7内へと分配される。そして微粉炭はボイラ火炉9に面して設けられた微粉炭バーナ8へと搬送され、火炉9内で燃焼する。   The coal particle group that has reached the classifying device 5 is swirled by the classifying device 5 so as to rotate around the inside of the pulverizer, and passes through the classifying device 5 in the direction of arrow 53 depending on the relationship between the centrifugal force and the fluid drag received from the gas flow. The pulverized coal is separated into the pulverized coal that falls in the direction of the arrow 54 that falls to the pulverization section and is pulverized again. The pulverized coal that has passed through the classification device 5 is sent to the fuel distribution unit 6, moves in the circumferential direction in the fuel distribution unit 6 while maintaining the turning by the classification device 5, and reaches the uppermost part of the distribution unit 6 when a plurality of pulverized coals are reached. Are distributed into the fuel pipe 7. The pulverized coal is conveyed to the pulverized coal burner 8 provided facing the boiler furnace 9 and burned in the furnace 9.

通常は、一つのボイラプラントの火炉9には火炉9を構成する火炉壁の幅方向に複数台のバーナ8からなる一つのバーナ段が設けられており、更に火炉9の高さ方向には複数段のバーナ段が設けられている。従って粉砕装置が複数台設けられ、各粉砕装置が火炉9の各バーナ段への燃料供給を賄うように設けられる場合、各粉砕装置には火炉9の一つのバーナ段を構成する4〜10本のバーナに石炭を分配して供給するための燃料分配部6と、燃料分配部6の各燃料配管7が必要となる。   Usually, the furnace 9 of one boiler plant is provided with one burner stage composed of a plurality of burners 8 in the width direction of the furnace wall constituting the furnace 9, and a plurality of burner stages in the height direction of the furnace 9. A stage burner stage is provided. Accordingly, when a plurality of pulverizers are provided and each pulverizer is provided so as to supply fuel to each burner stage of the furnace 9, 4 to 10 pieces constituting one burner stage of the furnace 9 are included in each pulverizer. The fuel distributor 6 for distributing and supplying coal to the burner and the fuel pipes 7 of the fuel distributor 6 are required.

このとき、各バーナ8に供給する石炭供給量に偏差があると、一つのバーナ段に対して火炉幅方向のバーナ火炎の温度偏差(例えば、50℃程度)が発生し、ボイラの火炉収熱特性が低下する。また、同じバーナ段内の各バーナ8には、通常個々にバーナ空気比の調整機構が備えられていないことから、一つのバーナ段での各バーナ8毎の石炭濃度の差異により、燃焼状態の不均一が生じ、窒素酸化物(以下NOxという。)や未燃分が増加する。そのため、分配部6では各バーナ8に接続された燃料配管7に分配する石炭分配量を均等にすることが必要である。   At this time, if there is a deviation in the amount of coal supplied to each burner 8, a temperature deviation (for example, about 50 ° C.) of the burner flame in the width direction of the furnace occurs for one burner stage, and the furnace heat recovery of the boiler Characteristics are degraded. In addition, since each burner 8 in the same burner stage is not usually provided with an individual adjustment mechanism of the burner air ratio, the combustion state of each burner 8 varies depending on the coal concentration of each burner 8 in one burner stage. Non-uniformity occurs, and nitrogen oxides (hereinafter referred to as NOx) and unburned components increase. Therefore, the distribution unit 6 needs to equalize the distribution amount of coal distributed to the fuel pipes 7 connected to each burner 8.

また、従来より低NOx燃焼技術としてボイラ火炉9の高さ方向下部にバーナ燃焼域を設けて低空気比での還元燃焼を行い、ボイラ火炉高さ方向上部、すなわちバーナ燃焼域の後流側にオーバーエアポート(アフターエアポートともいう。)を設けて、還元燃焼で生じた未燃分を燃焼させる二段燃焼法が行われている。しかし前記バーナ部では燃料の還元燃焼が行われるので、ボイラ火炉9においては火炉壁の硫化腐食が問題になり、その解消が必要とされる場合があった。   Further, as a conventional low NOx combustion technique, a burner combustion zone is provided at the lower portion of the boiler furnace 9 in the height direction, and reduction combustion is performed at a low air ratio, and the boiler furnace height direction upper portion, that is, at the downstream side of the burner combustion zone. A two-stage combustion method is provided in which an over-air port (also referred to as an after-air port) is provided to burn unburned components generated by reduction combustion. However, since reductive combustion of fuel is performed in the burner portion, in the boiler furnace 9, sulfidation corrosion of the furnace wall becomes a problem, and it may be necessary to eliminate it.

このように微粉炭焚ボイラプラントにおいて、粉砕ローラ3を備えた堅型粉砕装置を竪型ローラミルと呼ぶが、該竪型ローラミルから各微粉炭バーナ8への石炭分配量がボイラ火炉9のNOx生成量や未燃分特性に大きく影響することは良く知られている。固体燃料燃焼設備における各燃料配管7の各バーナ8までの流路長さや前記流路における管の曲がり等の相違により生じる配管内流動抵抗の相違等により、各配管7を流通する燃料の流量、すなわち分配量には偏差が生じる。   In this way, in the pulverized coal fired boiler plant, the solid pulverizer equipped with the pulverizing roller 3 is called a vertical roller mill. The amount of coal distributed from the vertical roller mill to each pulverized coal burner 8 is the NOx generation of the boiler furnace 9. It is well known that it greatly affects the quantity and unburned properties. The flow rate of the fuel flowing through each pipe 7 due to the difference in flow resistance in the pipe caused by the difference in the flow path length to each burner 8 of each fuel pipe 7 in the solid fuel combustion facility and the bending of the pipe in the flow path, etc. That is, a deviation occurs in the distribution amount.

従来技術は、前記分配量偏差を起こしにくくするために図12の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置の燃料分配制御機構図に示すように各燃料配管7の途中にガス流量調整弁11を設けて、各燃料配管7内を流通する混合流体流量が同じになるように調節する構造や方法が提案されている。しかし、流体流量は前記対策により調整できるが、石炭の比重は搬送用気体の1000倍以上もあり、石炭粒子は搬送用気体の流れとは異なった挙動をするので各燃料配管の途中で流量を調整しても、各バーナ出口でのそれぞれの石炭の分配量を均等にすることはできない。   In the prior art, a gas flow rate adjusting valve 11 is provided in the middle of each fuel pipe 7 as shown in the fuel distribution control mechanism diagram of the fuel distribution device of the solid fuel combustion facility in FIG. A structure and a method for adjusting the flow rate of the mixed fluid flowing through each fuel pipe 7 to be the same have been proposed. However, although the fluid flow rate can be adjusted by the above measures, the specific gravity of coal is more than 1000 times that of the transport gas, and the coal particles behave differently from the flow of the transport gas, so the flow rate is changed in the middle of each fuel pipe. Even if it is adjusted, the distribution amount of each coal at each burner outlet cannot be made equal.

図13は従来技術又は本発明に係る燃料分配部6を頂部に設けた粉砕装置の平面図を示し、燃料分配部6を上方から見た図であり、燃料分配部6と各燃料配管7a〜7hの配置例を示している。本図では燃料配管7が8本の場合を示すが、分配機能に関してはこれ以外の本数でも同様であり、当該本数に限定されるものではない。燃料分配部6が粉砕装置の最上部を構成することから、燃料分配部6の上面の混合流体出口部には、各燃料配管7a〜7hの他に、外部から粉砕装置内の粉砕部に石炭を供給する給炭管1や分級装置5の駆動モータ12、更に場合によっては定期検査時等でのメンテナンス時に分配部6内部へ侵入するためのアクセスドア13が配置されている。   FIG. 13 is a plan view of a pulverizing apparatus provided with a fuel distribution section 6 according to the prior art or the present invention at the top, and is a view of the fuel distribution section 6 as viewed from above. The fuel distribution section 6 and the fuel pipes 7a to 7 7h shows an arrangement example. Although this figure shows the case where there are eight fuel pipes 7, the distribution function is the same for other numbers, and is not limited to the number. Since the fuel distributor 6 constitutes the uppermost part of the pulverizer, the mixed fluid outlet portion on the upper surface of the fuel distributor 6 is connected to the pulverizer in the pulverizer from the outside in addition to the fuel pipes 7a to 7h. An access door 13 for entering the distribution unit 6 during maintenance such as during periodic inspection is disposed.

このため、通常は図13に示すように、各燃料配管7a〜7hを円周方向に等間隔で配置することはできないという制約がある。特にこのような不等間隔の配置では、他の燃料配管7との間隔が広い配管7(図示例では7a、7e、7f、7hである)と他の燃料配管7との間隔が狭い配管7(図示例では7b、7c、7d、7gである)とが存在することになる。   For this reason, normally, as shown in FIG. 13, there is a restriction that the fuel pipes 7a to 7h cannot be arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. In particular, in such an unequal interval arrangement, a pipe 7 having a wide gap between the other fuel pipes 7 (in the illustrated example, 7a, 7e, 7f, and 7h) and a pipe 7 having a narrow gap between the other fuel pipes 7 are provided. (In the example shown, they are 7b, 7c, 7d, and 7g).

図12、図13に示す粉砕された固体燃料の分配を上昇する搬送気体流により行う方式の竪型粉砕機の頂部においては下部の分級装置5(図12)から微粉炭と搬送用気体との混合流体が周方向に回転しながら上昇してくるため、前記他の燃料配管7との間隔が広い配管7a、7e、7f、7hと狭い配管7b、7c、7d、7gとでは、各配管7で分配される石炭分配量の偏差が大きくなる傾向がある。   At the top of the vertical crusher of the type in which the distribution of the pulverized solid fuel shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 is performed by the rising carrier gas flow, the pulverized coal and the carrier gas are separated from the lower classifier 5 (FIG. 12). Since the mixed fluid rises while rotating in the circumferential direction, each of the pipes 7 a, 7 e, 7 f, 7 h and the narrow pipes 7 b, 7 c, 7 d, 7 g that are spaced apart from the other fuel pipes 7 There is a tendency for deviations in the amount of coal distributed in

また、各配管7a〜7hで分配される石炭分配量の偏差が大きくなる他の原因として、竪型粉砕機の分級装置5から分配部6に到達した微粉炭と搬送用気体との混合流体、すなわち固気二相流の石炭濃度は分配部6の入口断面方向に対して均一に分散されていないことが挙げられる。これは、粉砕部で発生した石炭濃度の不均一性が分級装置5で十分に解消されないことが要因の一つとなっている。粉砕部では図12に示すように粉砕テーブル2に対向して粉砕ローラ3を複数個、例えば水平方向を向いた回転方向に3個を均等間隔で配置していることから、断続的に粉砕が行われるが、搬送用気体である高温空気は連続的に供給されているため混合流体中の石炭濃度が変動する。   In addition, as another cause of a large deviation of the coal distribution amount distributed in each of the pipes 7a to 7h, a mixed fluid of pulverized coal that has reached the distribution unit 6 from the classifier 5 of the vertical pulverizer and the conveying gas, That is, it is mentioned that the coal concentration of the solid-gas two-phase flow is not uniformly dispersed with respect to the inlet cross-sectional direction of the distributor 6. This is due to the fact that the non-uniformity of the coal concentration generated in the pulverizing section is not sufficiently eliminated by the classifier 5. In the pulverizing section, as shown in FIG. 12, a plurality of pulverizing rollers 3 are arranged opposite to the pulverizing table 2, for example, three in the rotational direction facing the horizontal direction, so that the pulverization is intermittently performed. Although it is performed, since the high-temperature air that is the carrier gas is continuously supplied, the coal concentration in the mixed fluid varies.

また、前記高温空気の供給口51とスロート4との位置関係による搬送用空気量の周方向における変動によっても、石炭濃度の濃度差が生じる。さらに、分級装置5を通過した固気二相流の濃度は非常に低いため(体積割合0.005%以下)、気流搬送される途中で電気的に凝集して線状になる、いわゆるローピング現象(ロープ状に繋がる現象)が生じ、石炭濃度の濃度差が生じる要因の一つとなっている。このように、分配部6の入口断面方向には石炭濃度偏差が生じやすく、同じ運転状態が継続されると特定の燃料配管7に石炭が分配されやすくなるため、分配量の調整が必要になる。   Further, a difference in coal concentration also occurs due to fluctuations in the circumferential direction of the amount of conveying air due to the positional relationship between the high-temperature air supply port 51 and the throat 4. Furthermore, since the concentration of the solid-gas two-phase flow that has passed through the classifier 5 is very low (volume ratio of 0.005% or less), the so-called roping phenomenon in which the air is agglomerated and linearized while being conveyed. (Phenomenon connected to a rope) occurs, which is one of the causes of the difference in coal concentration. Thus, the coal concentration deviation is likely to occur in the inlet cross-sectional direction of the distribution unit 6, and if the same operation state is continued, the coal is easily distributed to the specific fuel pipe 7, and thus the distribution amount needs to be adjusted. .

また従来技術は、図12に示すように、竪型ローラミルは、その分配部6の入口に絞り部10を設けて、石炭の濃度偏差を少なくし、該絞り部10の後流側に拡大部を有する構造として、分配部6内での石炭の濃度偏差を緩和させるような工夫がなされている。しかし、この場合も、絞り部10では圧力損失が生じるが、後流側の燃料配管7から固体燃料バーナ8に混合流体を搬送するためには絞り部10で圧力損失を大きくすることができず、各燃料配管7への混合流体流量を十分に均一化できるほど絞り部10の開口を小さくすることはできない。したがって、上記のような対策を施しても、従来は、各燃料配管7には石炭が均等に分配されておらず、竪型粉砕機の運用条件によっては5〜10%程度の石炭濃度の偏差を生じる場合がある。またこれらの方法には各燃料配管7における分配量偏差を制御するという概念が含まれていなかった。   In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, the prior art has a vertical roller mill in which a constriction 10 is provided at the inlet of the distribution unit 6 to reduce the concentration deviation of the coal, and an enlargement unit is provided on the downstream side of the constriction unit 10. As a structure having the above, a contrivance is made to alleviate the coal concentration deviation in the distribution unit 6. However, in this case as well, a pressure loss occurs in the throttle 10, but the pressure loss cannot be increased in the throttle 10 in order to transport the mixed fluid from the fuel pipe 7 on the downstream side to the solid fuel burner 8. The opening of the throttle portion 10 cannot be made small enough to make the mixed fluid flow rate to each fuel pipe 7 sufficiently uniform. Therefore, even if the above measures are taken, conventionally, coal is not evenly distributed to each fuel pipe 7, and depending on the operating conditions of the vertical crusher, the deviation of the coal concentration is about 5 to 10%. May occur. Further, these methods did not include the concept of controlling the distribution amount deviation in each fuel pipe 7.

このような不具合を解消するため、特許文献1では、燃料分配部と燃料配管の接続部において、全ての燃料配管の下端を燃料分配部内面より一定の寸法だけ突き出す構造が提案されている。これは、燃料分配部の内部を旋回している微粉炭を各燃料配管の突出部に衝突させ、旋回性を無くすことで、各燃料配管における石炭の濃度分布の均一化を目的としたものである。   In order to eliminate such problems, Patent Document 1 proposes a structure in which the lower ends of all the fuel pipes are protruded from the inner surface of the fuel distribution part by a certain dimension at the connection part between the fuel distribution part and the fuel pipe. The purpose of this is to equalize the concentration distribution of coal in each fuel pipe by colliding the pulverized coal swirling inside the fuel distribution section with the protruding part of each fuel pipe and eliminating the swirlability. is there.

また、特許文献2では、燃料配管の接続部に空気の流れをせき止めるよう、分配部内の空気旋回方向に対する下流側に案内板を設けることで、分配部内を旋回している粒子を燃料配管に導入しやすくする構造が提案されている。
特開平10−57828号公報 特開平10−76171号公報
Further, in Patent Document 2, a guide plate is provided on the downstream side with respect to the air swirling direction in the distribution section so as to block the air flow at the connection section of the fuel pipe, thereby introducing particles swirling in the distribution section into the fuel pipe. A structure that facilitates this has been proposed.
JP-A-10-57828 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-76171

前述の通り、図12に示す固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置である燃料分配部6の内部を旋回している混合流体は、粉砕部で発生した石炭濃度の不均一性が引き継がれている。このため前記特許文献1に記載された発明のように、個々の燃料配管7の突出部に微粉炭が衝突して局部的に旋回性をなくしたとしても、石炭濃度は不均一のままであり、その状態で各燃料配管7に分配されることになる。もしも仮に粉砕部からの混合流体に石炭濃度偏差がない場合でも、図13に示したような各燃料配管7が分配部6の天井部の円周方向に不等間隔に配置されたような場合には、前記特許文献1に記載された発明では石炭分配量偏差の解消は困難である。   As described above, the mixed fluid swirling inside the fuel distributor 6 which is the fuel distributor of the solid fuel combustion facility shown in FIG. 12 inherits the non-uniformity of the coal concentration generated in the pulverizer. For this reason, even if the pulverized coal collides with the protruding portions of the individual fuel pipes 7 and locally loses the swirlability as in the invention described in Patent Document 1, the coal concentration remains uneven. In this state, the fuel pipes 7 are distributed. Even if there is no coal concentration deviation in the fluid mixture from the pulverization section, the fuel pipes 7 as shown in FIG. 13 are arranged at irregular intervals in the circumferential direction of the ceiling of the distribution section 6. In the invention described in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to eliminate the coal distribution amount deviation.

また、前記特許文献2に記載された発明においても、前述の特許文献1記載の発明と同様に粉砕部で発生した石炭濃度の不均一性に対しては効果がなく、前記各燃料配管7の不等間隔配置による石炭濃度の不均一性には全く対処できず、逆に他の燃料配管7との間隔が広く比較的石炭が分配されやすい配管7内に供給される燃料の分配量がさらに多くなる可能性がある。
さらに石炭焚ボイラプラントにおいて特に高負荷又は低負荷(特に最低負荷)時には燃料供給量の偏差を制御し、効率の良い運転が求められる。
Also, the invention described in Patent Document 2 is not effective for the non-uniformity of coal concentration generated in the pulverization section, similar to the invention described in Patent Document 1, and the fuel pipe 7 Uneven distribution of coal concentration due to unequal spacing cannot be dealt with at all, and conversely, the distribution amount of fuel supplied into the piping 7 that is widely spaced from other fuel piping 7 and relatively easy to distribute coal is further increased. There is a possibility of increasing.
Further, in a coal fired boiler plant, particularly when the load is high or low (especially the minimum load), the deviation of the fuel supply amount is controlled, and efficient operation is required.

本発明の課題は、火炉の各固体燃料バーナに分配する固体燃料の分配量を調整可能とし、分配量の偏差をなくす制御をする固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置とその分配方法を提供することである。   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel distribution device for a solid fuel combustion facility and a method for distributing the solid fuel that can adjust the distribution amount of the solid fuel distributed to each solid fuel burner of the furnace and eliminate the deviation of the distribution amount. It is.

また、本発明の課題は、火炉の各燃料配管への固体燃料の分配量を従来より均等にすることを可能にして、設備全体の省エネルギー化やコスト削減を図った固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置とその分配方法を提供することである。
また、本発明の別の課題は、火炉のバーナ段を構成する複数のバーナにおいて、個々のバーナで異なる燃焼状態が必要とされた場合、例えば火炉幅方向の端部側のバーナでの石炭濃度を低下させて還元燃焼を緩和する等、各バーナに接続した各燃料配管への燃料分配量の偏差を調整可能とする固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置とその分配方法を提供することである。
Also, the object of the present invention is to make it possible to make the distribution amount of solid fuel to each fuel pipe of the furnace more uniform than in the past, and to distribute the fuel of the solid fuel combustion facility that saves energy and reduces the cost of the entire facility. It is to provide a device and its distribution method.
Further, another problem of the present invention is that, in the plurality of burners constituting the burner stage of the furnace, when different combustion states are required in each burner, for example, the coal concentration in the burner on the end side in the furnace width direction It is intended to provide a fuel distribution device for a solid fuel combustion facility and its distribution method that can adjust the deviation of the fuel distribution amount to each fuel pipe connected to each burner, for example, by reducing the reduction combustion.

本発明の課題は、固体燃料燃焼設備の各固体燃料バーナへ分配する固体燃料の分配量を調整し、分配量偏差を制御する構成とすること及びその方法により達成できる。具体的には下記の方法を採用することにより達成できる。
すなわち、請求項1記載の発明は、固体燃料を粉砕する粉砕部と該粉砕部で粉砕された固体燃料を搬送用気体に同伴させて混合流体とした後に複数の固体燃料燃焼バーナに供給するための各燃料配管に分配する分配部とを有する固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置において、前記分配部と前記各燃料配管の接続部毎にそれぞれ独立して固体燃料の分配量を調整可能にした分配量調整手段を設けた固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置である。
The object of the present invention can be achieved by adjusting the distribution amount of the solid fuel distributed to each solid fuel burner of the solid fuel combustion facility and controlling the distribution amount deviation and the method thereof. Specifically, this can be achieved by employing the following method.
That is, the invention according to claim 1 is for supplying a plurality of solid fuel combustion burners after a pulverizing unit for pulverizing solid fuel and a solid fuel pulverized by the pulverizing unit entrained with a carrier gas to form a mixed fluid In a fuel distribution apparatus for a solid fuel combustion facility having a distribution unit that distributes to each of the fuel pipes, distribution in which the distribution amount of the solid fuel can be adjusted independently for each of the distribution unit and each connection part of the fuel pipes It is a fuel distribution device of a solid fuel combustion facility provided with a quantity adjusting means.

請求項2記載の発明は、前記分配量調整手段が、前記分配部から前記燃料配管内に導入される固体燃料が、導入の際に抵抗を受ける抵抗手段を有する請求項1記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置である。
請求項3記載の発明は、前記分配部には前記粉砕部から導入された混合流体を分級する分級部を設けた請求項1又は2のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置である。
The invention according to claim 2 is the solid fuel combustion according to claim 1, wherein the distribution amount adjusting means has resistance means for receiving resistance when the solid fuel introduced from the distribution portion into the fuel pipe is introduced. It is a fuel distribution device for equipment.
The invention according to claim 3 is the fuel distribution device of the solid fuel combustion facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the distribution unit is provided with a classification unit for classifying the mixed fluid introduced from the pulverization unit. is there.

請求項4記載の発明は、前記分配量調整手段が、前記燃料分配部と前記各燃料配管の接続部に移動可能な円筒部材を有し、当該円筒部材の位置を調整可能にした請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置である。
請求項5記載の発明は、前記分配量調整手段が、前記燃料分配部と前記各燃料配管の接続部に移動可能な板材を有し、当該板材の位置を調整可能にした請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置である。
請求項6記載の発明は、前記分配量調整手段が、前記燃料分配部と前記各燃料配管の接続部に空気噴射口を有し、該空気噴射口から前記燃料分配部もしくは前記燃料配管の内部へ空気噴流を投入する請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置である。
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the distribution amount adjusting means has a cylindrical member that can move to the connection portion between the fuel distribution portion and each fuel pipe, and the position of the cylindrical member can be adjusted. 4. A fuel distribution device for a solid fuel combustion facility according to any one of items 1 to 3.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the distribution amount adjusting means has a movable plate member at a connection portion between the fuel distribution portion and each fuel pipe, and the position of the plate member can be adjusted. A fuel distribution device for a solid fuel combustion facility according to any one of the above.
According to a sixth aspect of the invention, the distribution amount adjusting means has an air injection port at a connection portion between the fuel distribution unit and each fuel pipe, and the fuel distribution unit or the inside of the fuel pipe is connected to the air injection port. The fuel distribution device for a solid fuel combustion facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an air jet is introduced into the fuel.

請求項7記載の発明は、前記燃料配管内の前記固体燃料の質量流量を検出する流量計測装置及び/又は前記各固体燃料バーナの火炎温度を検出する1台または複数の火炎温度計測装置と、前記流量計測装置及び/又は前記火炎温度計測装置による計測値に応じてそれぞれの前記分配量調整手段により固体燃料の分配量を制御する制御装置とを設けた請求項1ないし6のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置である。   The invention according to claim 7 is a flow rate measuring device for detecting a mass flow rate of the solid fuel in the fuel pipe and / or one or a plurality of flame temperature measuring devices for detecting a flame temperature of each solid fuel burner, 7. The control device according to claim 1, further comprising: a control device that controls a distribution amount of the solid fuel by each of the distribution amount adjusting means according to a measurement value by the flow rate measurement device and / or the flame temperature measurement device. It is a fuel distribution apparatus of the solid fuel combustion facility.

請求項8記載の発明は、請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置を用いた燃料分配方法において、各燃料配管内の固体燃料の質量流量に応じてそれぞれの前記分配量調整手段により各固体燃料バーナへ供給する固体燃料の分配量を制御する固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置の燃料分配方法である。   The invention according to claim 8 is the fuel distribution method using the fuel distribution device of the solid fuel combustion facility according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein each of the fuel distribution methods corresponds to the mass flow rate of the solid fuel in each fuel pipe. A fuel distribution method for a fuel distribution device of a solid fuel combustion facility, wherein the distribution amount of solid fuel supplied to each solid fuel burner is controlled by the distribution amount adjusting means.

請求項9記載の発明は、請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置を用いた燃料分配方法において、前記各固体燃料バーナの火炎温度に応じてそれぞれの前記分配量調整手段により各固体燃料バーナへ供給する固体燃料の分配量を制御する固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置の燃料分配方法である。   According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel distribution method using the fuel distribution device of the solid fuel combustion facility according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein each distribution according to a flame temperature of each solid fuel burner. This is a fuel distribution method for a fuel distribution device of a solid fuel combustion facility, in which the distribution amount of the solid fuel supplied to each solid fuel burner is controlled by the amount adjusting means.

請求項10記載の発明は、請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置を用いた燃料分配方法において、前記各燃料配管内の固体燃料の質量流量の計測値及び前記各固体燃料バーナの火炎温度の計測値に応じてそれぞれの前記分配量調整手段により各固体燃料バーナへ供給する固体燃料の分配量を制御する固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置の燃料分配方法である。   A tenth aspect of the present invention is the fuel distribution method using the fuel distribution device of the solid fuel combustion facility according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the measured value of the mass flow rate of the solid fuel in each fuel pipe and A fuel distribution method for a fuel distribution device of a solid fuel combustion facility that controls a distribution amount of solid fuel supplied to each solid fuel burner by each distribution amount adjusting means according to a measured value of a flame temperature of each solid fuel burner. is there.

請求項11記載の発明は、請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置を用いた燃料分配方法において、固体燃料燃焼設備の火炉の同一高さにある複数の固体燃料バーナで構成されるバーナ段の各バーナに分配する燃料分配量が同じバーナ段で均一又はほぼ均一になるようにそれぞれの前記分配量調整手段により固体燃料の分配量を制御する固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置の燃料分配方法である。   An eleventh aspect of the present invention is the fuel distribution method using the fuel distribution device for the solid fuel combustion facility according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein a plurality of solids at the same height of the furnace of the solid fuel combustion facility are provided. Solid fuel combustion equipment for controlling the distribution amount of solid fuel by the respective distribution amount adjusting means so that the fuel distribution amount distributed to each burner of the burner stage composed of fuel burners is uniform or substantially uniform in the same burner stage This is a fuel distribution method of the fuel distribution apparatus of FIG.

請求項12記載の発明は、請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置を用いた燃料分配方法において、固体燃料燃焼設備の火炉の同一高さにある複数の固体燃料バーナで構成されるバーナ段の各バーナに分配する燃料分配量が同じバーナ段で個々に調整されるようにそれぞれの前記分配量調整手段により固体燃料の分配量を制御する固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置の燃料分配方法である。   A twelfth aspect of the present invention is the fuel distribution method using the fuel distribution device for the solid fuel combustion facility according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein a plurality of solids at the same height of the furnace of the solid fuel combustion facility are provided. A solid fuel combustion facility for controlling the distribution amount of solid fuel by each distribution amount adjusting means so that the fuel distribution amount distributed to each burner of the burner stage composed of fuel burners is individually adjusted in the same burner stage. A fuel distribution method for a fuel distribution device.

(作用)
本発明は、燃料分配部と各燃料配管の接続部毎にそれぞれ独立して、各燃料配管への固体燃料の分配量を調整することが可能な分配量調整手段を有する。各燃料配管のガス流量は配管の途中に設けた流量調整弁により制御できるが、固体燃料の分配量は各燃料配管への分岐部、すなわち燃料分配部と各燃料配管の接続部の構造に影響を受ける。
(Function)
The present invention has distribution amount adjusting means capable of adjusting the distribution amount of the solid fuel to each fuel pipe independently for each connection portion between the fuel distribution section and each fuel pipe. The gas flow rate of each fuel pipe can be controlled by a flow control valve provided in the middle of the pipe, but the distribution amount of the solid fuel affects the structure of the branch part to each fuel pipe, that is, the connection part of the fuel distribution part and each fuel pipe. Receive.

請求項1記載の発明によれば、固体燃料燃焼設備において、燃料分配部と各燃料配管の接続部毎にそれぞれ独立して設けた分配量調整手段により、固体燃料の分配量を調整可能とし、各固体燃料バーナにそれぞれ適切な量の固体燃料を供給することができる。
請求項2記載の発明によれば、請求項1記載の発明の作用に加えて、分配量調整手段が、固体燃料が燃料配管内に導入される際、抵抗を受ける抵抗手段を有するので燃料分配部と各燃料配管の接続部毎の該抵抗手段により固体燃料流量を調整して各固体燃料バーナにそれぞれ適切な量の固体燃料を供給することができる。
請求項3記載の発明によれば、請求項1または2記載の発明の作用に加えて、燃料分配部に設けた分級部により、粉砕部から導入された混合流体を固体燃料の大きさにより、分級した後、比較的微細な固体燃料を固体燃料バーナに導入することができる。
According to the first aspect of the invention, in the solid fuel combustion facility, the distribution amount of the solid fuel can be adjusted by the distribution amount adjusting means provided independently for each connection portion of the fuel distribution portion and each fuel pipe, An appropriate amount of solid fuel can be supplied to each solid fuel burner.
According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the operation of the invention described in claim 1, since the distribution amount adjusting means has the resistance means for receiving resistance when the solid fuel is introduced into the fuel pipe, the fuel distribution is achieved. The flow rate of the solid fuel can be adjusted by the resistance means for each connecting portion between the fuel pipe and each fuel pipe, and an appropriate amount of solid fuel can be supplied to each solid fuel burner.
According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the operation of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the mixed fluid introduced from the pulverization unit is made to be in accordance with the size of the solid fuel by the classification unit provided in the fuel distribution unit. After classification, a relatively fine solid fuel can be introduced into the solid fuel burner.

また分配量調整手段の具体的構成として、接続部の構造を変更させることにより、本発明は、例えば以下のような作用を奏する構成を採用している。
請求項4記載の発明によれば、請求項1ないし3記載の発明の作用に加えて、燃料分配部と各燃料配管の接続部に設けた移動可能な円筒部材の位置を調整することで、各燃料配管に導入される固体燃料量を一部阻止して、各燃料配管への固体燃料の分配量を調整可能な構成にしている。
Further, as a specific configuration of the distribution amount adjusting means, the present invention employs a configuration that exhibits the following effects, for example, by changing the structure of the connecting portion.
According to invention of Claim 4, in addition to the effect | action of invention of Claim 1 thru | or 3, by adjusting the position of the movable cylindrical member provided in the connection part of a fuel distribution part and each fuel piping, The solid fuel amount introduced into each fuel pipe is partially blocked, and the distribution amount of the solid fuel to each fuel pipe can be adjusted.

請求項5記載の発明によれば、請求項1ないし3記載の発明の作用に加えて、燃料分配部と各燃料配管の接続部に設けた移動可能な板材の位置を調整することで、各燃料配管に導入される固体燃料量を一部阻止して、各燃料配管への固体燃料の分配量を調整可能な構成にしている。   According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first to third aspects of the invention, by adjusting the position of the movable plate member provided at the connecting portion between the fuel distributor and each fuel pipe, The solid fuel amount introduced into the fuel pipe is partially blocked, and the distribution amount of the solid fuel to each fuel pipe is adjustable.

さらに、請求項6記載の発明によれば、請求項1ないし3記載の発明の作用に加えて、燃料分配部と各燃料配管の接続部に設けた空気噴射口から、燃料分配部もしくは各燃料配管の内部へ空気噴流を投入することで、また空気噴流の流量を増減させることで、各燃料配管に導入される固体燃料量を一部阻止して、各燃料配管への固体燃料の分配量を調整可能な構成にしている。   Further, according to the sixth aspect of the invention, in addition to the operation of the first to third aspects of the invention, from the air injection port provided at the connection portion between the fuel distribution portion and each fuel pipe, the fuel distribution portion or each fuel is provided. Distributing the amount of solid fuel to each fuel pipe by partially blocking the amount of solid fuel introduced into each fuel pipe by introducing an air jet into the pipe and increasing or decreasing the flow rate of the air jet The configuration is adjustable.

また、請求項7記載の発明によれば、請求項1ないし6記載の発明の作用に加えて、流量計測装置及び/又は火炎温度計測装置による計測値に応じて制御装置が各燃料配管への固体燃料の分配量調整手段により固体燃料の分配量を自動的に制御する。   Further, according to the invention described in claim 7, in addition to the operation of the invention described in claims 1 to 6, the control device is provided to each fuel pipe according to the measured value by the flow rate measuring device and / or the flame temperature measuring device. The solid fuel distribution amount is automatically controlled by the solid fuel distribution amount adjusting means.

請求項8記載の発明によれば、各燃料配管内の固体燃料の質量流量に応じて、燃料流量が多い燃料配管には固体燃料の分配量を低下させるよう、また燃料流量が少ない燃料配管には固体燃料の分配量を増加させるように、各分配量調整手段により各燃料配管への固体燃料の分配量を制御する。
請求項9記載の発明によれば、バーナに流れる固体燃料流量とバーナの火炎温度には相関関係があることを応用して、各固体燃料バーナの火炎温度に応じて分配量調整手段により各固体燃料バーナへの固体燃料の分配量を制御する。
また、請求項10記載の発明によれば、固体燃料の質量流量及び固体燃料バーナの火炎温度の計測値に応じて、分配量調整手段により各固体燃料バーナへの固体燃料の分配量を制御する。
According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the distribution amount of the solid fuel is reduced in the fuel pipe having a high fuel flow rate and the fuel pipe having a low fuel flow rate is set according to the mass flow rate of the solid fuel in each fuel pipe. Controls the distribution amount of the solid fuel to each fuel pipe by each distribution amount adjusting means so as to increase the distribution amount of the solid fuel.
According to the ninth aspect of the invention, by applying the fact that there is a correlation between the flow rate of the solid fuel flowing through the burner and the flame temperature of the burner, each solid fuel is adjusted by the distribution amount adjusting means according to the flame temperature of each solid fuel burner. Controls the amount of solid fuel distributed to the fuel burner.
According to the invention described in claim 10, the distribution amount of the solid fuel to each solid fuel burner is controlled by the distribution amount adjusting means according to the measured value of the mass flow rate of the solid fuel and the flame temperature of the solid fuel burner. .

さらに、請求項11及び12記載の発明によれば、バーナ段を構成する複数のバーナのそれぞれに分配する燃料分配量を調整することにより、バーナ幅方向の燃焼状態を調整する。   Furthermore, according to the inventions of claims 11 and 12, the combustion state in the burner width direction is adjusted by adjusting the fuel distribution amount distributed to each of the plurality of burners constituting the burner stage.

請求項11記載の発明によれば、各バーナに分配する燃料分配量を同じバーナ段で均一又はほぼ均一とすることにより安定した燃焼状態とする。例えば、火炉の前壁および又は前壁に対向する後壁にバーナ段が設けられた場合には、バーナ段が設けられていない両側壁側のバーナへの分配量を減少することにより、還元雰囲気下の燃焼から酸化雰囲気下の燃焼に移行させることができ、還元燃焼で生じ得る火炉水壁の硫化腐食等による弊害を防止することができる。   According to the eleventh aspect of the invention, the fuel distribution amount distributed to each burner is made uniform or substantially uniform in the same burner stage, thereby achieving a stable combustion state. For example, if a burner step is provided on the front wall of the furnace and / or the rear wall facing the front wall, the reducing atmosphere is reduced by reducing the distribution amount to the burners on both side walls where the burner step is not provided. It is possible to shift from lower combustion to combustion in an oxidizing atmosphere, and it is possible to prevent harmful effects caused by sulfidation corrosion of the furnace water wall that may occur due to reduction combustion.

請求項12記載の発明によれば、例えば、分配量調整手段により意図的に各固体燃料バーナへ供給する燃料供給量に偏差を持たせるように制御して、火炉内に周期的な温度分布を形成させることで、ガスの温度差(密度差)により発生した対流によって、火炉内のガス混合を促進させることができる。   According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, for example, the distribution amount adjusting means controls the fuel supply amount intentionally supplied to each solid fuel burner to have a deviation so that the periodic temperature distribution is generated in the furnace. By forming, gas mixing in the furnace can be promoted by convection generated by the temperature difference (density difference) of the gas.

請求項1記載の発明によれば、固体燃料燃焼設備において、各固体燃料バーナに分配する固体燃料の分配量を調整可能とし、分配量の偏差を制御できる。したがって各固体燃料バーナにそれぞれ適切な量の固体燃料を供給することができる。また設備全体の省エネルギー化やコスト削減を図ることができる。さらに、石炭焚ボイラプラントにおいて高負荷又は低負荷(特に最低負荷)時における燃料供給量の偏差を制御でき、効率の良い運転が可能となる。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the solid fuel combustion facility, the distribution amount of the solid fuel distributed to each solid fuel burner can be adjusted, and the deviation of the distribution amount can be controlled. Therefore, an appropriate amount of solid fuel can be supplied to each solid fuel burner. Moreover, energy saving and cost reduction of the entire equipment can be achieved. Furthermore, the deviation of the fuel supply amount at the time of high load or low load (particularly the minimum load) can be controlled in the coal fired boiler plant, and efficient operation becomes possible.

請求項2記載の発明によれば、請求項1記載の発明の効果に加えて、分配量調整手段が有する抵抗手段により、各固体燃料バーナに分配する固体燃料の分配量を簡易に調整可能とし、分配量の偏差を制御できる。   According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the distribution amount of the solid fuel distributed to each solid fuel burner can be easily adjusted by the resistance means included in the distribution amount adjustment means. The deviation of the distribution amount can be controlled.

請求項3記載の発明によれば、請求項1又は2記載の発明の効果に加えて、分級部により粉砕部から導入された混合流体を固体燃料の大きさにより分級した後、比較的微細な固体燃料を固体燃料バーナに導入することができるので、固体燃料バーナ毎の固体燃料濃度に差異が生じにくく、各固体燃料バーナの燃焼性にむらが生じない。   According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the mixed fluid introduced from the pulverizing part by the classifying part is classified by the size of the solid fuel, and then relatively fine. Since the solid fuel can be introduced into the solid fuel burner, a difference in the solid fuel concentration between the solid fuel burners hardly occurs, and the combustibility of each solid fuel burner does not occur.

請求項4記載の発明によれば、請求項1ないし3記載の発明の効果に加えて、燃料分配部と燃料配管の接続部を移動可能な円筒部材を移動調整させて、各固体燃料バーナに分配する固体燃料の分配量を更に簡易に調整可能とし、各固体燃料バーナに分配する分配量の偏差を制御できる。   According to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the effects of the inventions described in claims 1 to 3, the cylindrical member capable of moving the connecting portion between the fuel distribution portion and the fuel pipe is moved and adjusted, so that each solid fuel burner is adjusted. The distribution amount of the solid fuel to be distributed can be adjusted more easily, and the deviation of the distribution amount distributed to each solid fuel burner can be controlled.

請求項5記載の発明によれば、請求項1ないし3記載の発明の効果に加えて、燃料分配部と燃料配管の接続部に設けた板材を燃料分配部又は燃料配管内部で移動調整させて、各固体燃料バーナに分配する固体燃料の分配量を調整可能とし、各固体燃料バーナに分配する分配量の偏差を制御できる。また単純な移動機構とすることにより、製造が容易であり、また低コストで製造できる。   According to the fifth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effects of the first to third aspects, the plate material provided at the connecting portion between the fuel distribution portion and the fuel pipe is moved and adjusted inside the fuel distribution portion or the fuel pipe. The distribution amount of the solid fuel distributed to each solid fuel burner can be adjusted, and the deviation of the distribution amount distributed to each solid fuel burner can be controlled. Further, by using a simple moving mechanism, manufacturing is easy and manufacturing can be performed at low cost.

請求項6記載の発明によれば請求項1ないし3記載の発明の効果に加えて、燃料分配部もしくは燃料配管の内部へ空気噴流を投入することにより、また空気噴流の流量を増減させることで、容易に各固体燃料バーナに分配する固体燃料の分配量を調整可能とし、各固体燃料バーナに分配する分配量の偏差を制御できる。また単純な機構であることから、製造が容易であり、低コストで製造できる。   According to the invention described in claim 6, in addition to the effects of the invention described in claims 1 to 3, by introducing an air jet into the fuel distributor or the fuel pipe, and by increasing or decreasing the flow rate of the air jet, The distribution amount of the solid fuel distributed to each solid fuel burner can be easily adjusted, and the deviation of the distribution amount distributed to each solid fuel burner can be controlled. Moreover, since it is a simple mechanism, manufacture is easy and it can manufacture at low cost.

請求項7記載の発明によれば、請求項1ないし6記載の発明の効果に加えて、固体燃料の質量流量計測装置や各固体燃料バーナの火炎温度計測装置と、各計測値に応じて分配量調整手段により各固体燃料バーナに分配する固体燃料の分配量を制御する制御装置とによって、各固体燃料バーナに分配する分配量を自動的に細かく調整、制御することが可能となる。   According to the seventh aspect of the invention, in addition to the effects of the first to sixth aspects, the solid fuel mass flow rate measuring device and the flame temperature measuring device of each solid fuel burner are distributed according to each measured value. The distribution amount distributed to each solid fuel burner can be automatically finely adjusted and controlled by the control device for controlling the distribution amount of the solid fuel distributed to each solid fuel burner by the amount adjusting means.

請求項8記載の発明によれば、各燃料配管内の固体燃料の質量流量に応じて、固体燃料の分配量を低下させたり、増加させたりという分配量の調整、制御をすることが可能となり、各固体燃料バーナに分配する固体燃料の分配量を均一に保つことができ、各固体燃料バーナに分配する固体燃料の分配量の偏差を制御できる。したがって各固体燃料バーナにそれぞれ適切な量の固体燃料を供給することができる。また設備全体の省エネルギー化やコスト削減を図ることができる。さらに、石炭焚ボイラプラントにおいて高負荷又は低負荷(特に最低負荷)時における燃料供給量の偏差を制御でき、効率の良い運転が可能となる。   According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to adjust and control the distribution amount such as decreasing or increasing the distribution amount of the solid fuel according to the mass flow rate of the solid fuel in each fuel pipe. The distribution amount of the solid fuel distributed to each solid fuel burner can be kept uniform, and the deviation of the distribution amount of the solid fuel distributed to each solid fuel burner can be controlled. Therefore, an appropriate amount of solid fuel can be supplied to each solid fuel burner. Moreover, energy saving and cost reduction of the entire equipment can be achieved. Furthermore, the deviation of the fuel supply amount at the time of high load or low load (particularly the minimum load) can be controlled in the coal fired boiler plant, and efficient operation becomes possible.

請求項9記載の発明によれば、各固体燃料バーナの火炎温度が常に一定になるように制御することにより、各固体燃料バーナに分配する固体燃料の分配量を均一に保つことができ、各固体燃料バーナに分配する固体燃料の分配量の偏差を制御できる。したがって各固体燃料バーナにそれぞれ適切な量の固体燃料を供給することができる。また設備全体の省エネルギー化やコスト削減を図ることができる。さらに、石炭焚ボイラプラントにおいて高負荷又は低負荷(特に最低負荷)時における燃料供給量の偏差を制御でき、効率の良い運転が可能となる。   According to the invention described in claim 9, by controlling the flame temperature of each solid fuel burner to be always constant, the distribution amount of the solid fuel distributed to each solid fuel burner can be kept uniform, The deviation of the distribution amount of the solid fuel distributed to the solid fuel burner can be controlled. Therefore, an appropriate amount of solid fuel can be supplied to each solid fuel burner. Moreover, energy saving and cost reduction of the entire equipment can be achieved. Furthermore, the deviation of the fuel supply amount at the time of high load or low load (particularly the minimum load) can be controlled in the coal fired boiler plant, and efficient operation becomes possible.

請求項10記載の発明によれば、固体燃料の質量流量及び各固体燃料バーナの火炎温度を同時に計測することにより、計測値の信頼性が向上し、その計測値の結果を分配量調整手段の制御に反映させる、より確実で適切な制御が可能となり、各固体燃料バーナに分配する固体燃料の分配量の偏差を制御できる。したがって各固体燃料バーナにそれぞれ適切な量の固体燃料を供給することができる。また設備全体の省エネルギー化やコスト削減を図ることができる。さらに、石炭焚ボイラプラントにおいて高負荷又は低負荷(特に最低負荷)時における燃料供給量の偏差を制御でき、効率の良い運転が可能となる。   According to the invention described in claim 10, by simultaneously measuring the mass flow rate of the solid fuel and the flame temperature of each solid fuel burner, the reliability of the measured value is improved, and the result of the measured value is obtained by the distribution amount adjusting means. More reliable and appropriate control reflected in the control becomes possible, and the deviation of the distribution amount of the solid fuel distributed to each solid fuel burner can be controlled. Therefore, an appropriate amount of solid fuel can be supplied to each solid fuel burner. Moreover, energy saving and cost reduction of the entire equipment can be achieved. Furthermore, the deviation of the fuel supply amount at the time of high load or low load (particularly the minimum load) can be controlled in the coal fired boiler plant, and efficient operation becomes possible.

請求項11記載の発明によれば、各固体燃料バーナへの固体燃料供給量が均等になり、各固体燃料バーナでの火炎温度の偏差が無くなるので、燃料炉内の温度が均一化され、安定した燃焼状態が可能となる。また各固体燃料バーナへの分配量を調整し、例えば還元雰囲気下の燃焼から酸化雰囲気下の燃焼に移行させることができ、還元燃焼で生じ得る火炉水壁の硫化腐食等による弊害を防止することができる。したがって各燃料配管への固体燃料の分配量を従来より均等にすることが可能な燃料分配部及びこれを備えた固体燃料燃焼設備を実現することを可能とし、設備全体の省エネルギー化やコスト削減にも役立つ。また当該固体燃料燃焼設備をボイラとして用いる場合は良好な伝熱特性が得られる。更にボイラなどの火炉収熱特性の低下や、燃焼状態の不均一性により発生していたNOx等の大気汚染物質や灰中の未燃分を抑制することが可能となる。   According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the amount of solid fuel supplied to each solid fuel burner becomes uniform, and the deviation of the flame temperature in each solid fuel burner is eliminated, so that the temperature in the fuel furnace is made uniform and stable. The combustion state that has been achieved becomes possible. In addition, the amount of distribution to each solid fuel burner can be adjusted, for example, to shift from combustion in a reducing atmosphere to combustion in an oxidizing atmosphere, and prevent harmful effects caused by sulfidation corrosion on the furnace water wall that can occur in reducing combustion Can do. Therefore, it is possible to realize a fuel distribution section that can make the distribution amount of the solid fuel to each fuel pipe more uniform than in the past, and a solid fuel combustion facility equipped with the fuel distribution section. Also useful. Moreover, when using the said solid fuel combustion equipment as a boiler, a favorable heat-transfer characteristic is acquired. Further, it becomes possible to suppress the unburned matter in the ash and air pollutants such as NOx, which has been generated due to a decrease in furnace heat collecting characteristics such as boilers and non-uniform combustion state.

また請求項12記載の発明によれば、分配量調整手段により意図的に各固体燃料バーナに供給する燃料供給量に偏差を持たせるように制御して、火炉内に周期的な温度分布を形成させることで、ガスの温度差又は密度差により発生した対流によって、火炉内のガス混合を促進させることができる。こうしてボイラなどの火炉収熱特性の低下や、燃焼状態の不均一性により発生していたNOx等の大気汚染物質や灰中の未燃分を抑制することが可能となる。   According to the twelfth aspect of the invention, the distribution amount adjusting means controls the fuel supply amount intentionally supplied to each solid fuel burner to have a deviation, thereby forming a periodic temperature distribution in the furnace. Thus, gas mixing in the furnace can be promoted by convection generated by temperature difference or density difference of the gas. In this way, it becomes possible to suppress atmospheric pollutants such as NOx and unburned components in ash, which are generated due to a decrease in furnace heat collection characteristics such as boilers and non-uniform combustion state.

本発明の実施の形態を図面を用いて説明する。
図1は、本実施の形態に係る固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置の構成図を示す。図1に示す固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置は、図12で説明した従来技術の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置と調整装置20を除いてほぼ同じ構成からなる。すなわち、外部より給炭管1を介して石炭の粉砕装置である竪型粉砕機に投入された石炭50は粉砕部に入り、該粉砕部において粉砕テーブル2と粉砕ローラ3又は図示しない粉砕ボールとのかみ込みにより粉砕される。粉砕機側壁底部の供給口51から高温空気が供給され、スロート4を経由して粉砕部に噴出する。そして石炭50は、該高温空気により矢印52方向に吹き上げられて、粉砕機内上部の分級装置5へと搬送される。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a fuel distribution device of a solid fuel combustion facility according to the present embodiment. The fuel distribution device of the solid fuel combustion facility shown in FIG. 1 has substantially the same configuration except for the fuel distribution device of the conventional solid fuel combustion facility described in FIG. That is, the coal 50 introduced into the vertical crusher, which is a coal pulverizer, from the outside through the coal supply pipe 1 enters the pulverization unit, in which the pulverization table 2 and the pulverization roller 3 or a pulverization ball (not shown) It is crushed by biting. High-temperature air is supplied from the supply port 51 at the bottom of the pulverizer side wall, and is ejected through the throat 4 to the pulverization unit. Then, the coal 50 is blown up in the direction of the arrow 52 by the high-temperature air, and is conveyed to the classification device 5 in the upper part of the pulverizer.

分級装置5に到達した石炭粒子群は、分級装置5によって粉砕機内上方で周回転するように旋回し、その遠心力とガス流から受ける流体抗力の関係によって、分級装置5を矢印53方向に通過する微粉炭と、粉砕部へと落下して再び粉砕される矢印54方向に落下する粗粉炭に分離される。分級装置5を通過した微粉炭は燃料分配部6へと送られ、分級装置5による旋回を保持しながら燃料分配部6内部を周方向に移動し、分配部6の最上部に到達したところで複数の燃料配管7内へと分配される。そして微粉炭はボイラ火炉9に面して設けられた微粉炭バーナ8へと搬送され、火炉9内で燃焼する。   The coal particle group that has reached the classifier 5 is swung around the crusher by the classifier 5 and passes through the classifier 5 in the direction of arrow 53 depending on the relationship between the centrifugal force and the fluid drag received from the gas flow. The pulverized coal is separated into the pulverized coal that falls in the direction of the arrow 54 that falls to the pulverization section and is pulverized again. The pulverized coal that has passed through the classification device 5 is sent to the fuel distribution unit 6, moves in the circumferential direction in the fuel distribution unit 6 while maintaining the turning by the classification device 5, and reaches the uppermost part of the distribution unit 6 when a plurality of pulverized coals are reached. Are distributed into the fuel pipe 7. The pulverized coal is conveyed to the pulverized coal burner 8 provided facing the boiler furnace 9 and burned in the furnace 9.

本実施形態では燃料分配部6と燃料配管7の接続部に固体燃料分配量調整手段である分配量調整装置20を設置していることが大きな特徴である。図1では、煩雑になるのを避けるために複数の前記燃料配管7と前記燃料分配部6との各接続部にそれぞれ設けた固体燃料分配量調整装置20を2箇所のみ記載しており、また前記燃料配管7から固体燃料バーナ8に至る微粉炭と搬送流体との混合流体の搬送流路については代表的に1箇所記載している。前記固体燃料分配量調整装置20により、固体燃料分配量の支配因子である燃料分配部6と各燃料配管7との接続部の構造を変更することで、各燃料配管へ分配する石炭量を調整することができる。   The main feature of this embodiment is that a distribution amount adjusting device 20, which is a solid fuel distribution amount adjusting means, is installed at the connecting portion between the fuel distribution portion 6 and the fuel pipe 7. In FIG. 1, in order to avoid complication, only two solid fuel distribution amount adjusting devices 20 provided at each connection portion between the plurality of fuel pipes 7 and the fuel distribution portion 6 are shown. As for the transport flow path of the mixed fluid of the pulverized coal and the transport fluid from the fuel pipe 7 to the solid fuel burner 8, one place is typically described. The amount of coal distributed to each fuel pipe is adjusted by the solid fuel distribution amount adjusting device 20 by changing the structure of the connecting portion between the fuel distribution section 6 and each fuel pipe 7 which is the controlling factor of the solid fuel distribution quantity. can do.

図2は、固体燃料分配量調整装置20の具体的構成の一実施例を示す斜視図である。本実施例では、燃料配管7の内部に上下移動自在に設けた円筒部材21を配置し、該円筒部材21を上下方向に移動させる移動装置22に接続している。これにより、円筒部材21は燃料配管7の内部を上下に移動することが可能であり、燃料分配部6の内壁からの突き出し高さHを調整することができる。   FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a specific configuration of the solid fuel distribution amount adjusting device 20. In this embodiment, a cylindrical member 21 provided in the fuel pipe 7 so as to be movable up and down is disposed, and connected to a moving device 22 that moves the cylindrical member 21 in the vertical direction. Thereby, the cylindrical member 21 can move up and down in the fuel pipe 7, and the protrusion height H from the inner wall of the fuel distributor 6 can be adjusted.

図2に示す固体燃料分配量調整装置の機能について図3及び図4を用いて具体的に説明する。図3(a)は燃料配管7の中心軸を通る固体燃料分配量調整装置20の縦断面を見た図を示し、この図3(a)は円筒部材21を燃料分配部6の内壁へ突き出していない場合である。この場合、分配部6内部を旋回しながら移動している固体燃料(石炭)50は円筒部材21の側面に当たらないので、何ら抵抗を受けることなく燃料配管7へと導入される。 一方、図3(b)は燃料配管7の中心軸を通る固体燃料分配量調整装置20の縦断面を見た図を示し、この図3(b)は円筒部材21を燃料分配部6の内壁へ突き出した場合である。この場合は、固体燃料50は円筒部材21の突き出し部の側面に衝突したのち、一部の固体燃料は円筒部材21の下側(矢印41方向)に移動した後に上昇して燃料配管7に導入されるが、その他の固体燃料50は円筒部材21の外周を回り込むように(矢印42方向)に移動し、燃料配管7へ導入されない。このように、円筒部材21の燃料分配部6の天井壁から下方に突き出した突き出し高さHを大きくすることにより、燃料配管7へ導入される固体燃料分配量を減らすことができる。   The function of the solid fuel distribution amount adjusting device shown in FIG. 2 will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3A shows a vertical cross section of the solid fuel distribution adjustment device 20 passing through the central axis of the fuel pipe 7, and FIG. 3A projects the cylindrical member 21 to the inner wall of the fuel distribution unit 6. If not. In this case, since the solid fuel (coal) 50 moving while turning inside the distribution unit 6 does not hit the side surface of the cylindrical member 21, it is introduced into the fuel pipe 7 without receiving any resistance. On the other hand, FIG. 3 (b) shows a vertical cross section of the solid fuel distribution adjustment device 20 passing through the central axis of the fuel pipe 7, and FIG. 3 (b) shows the cylindrical member 21 as the inner wall of the fuel distribution section 6. It is a case where it sticks out. In this case, after the solid fuel 50 collides with the side surface of the protruding portion of the cylindrical member 21, a part of the solid fuel moves up to the lower side (in the direction of arrow 41) and then rises and is introduced into the fuel pipe 7. However, the other solid fuel 50 moves around the outer circumference of the cylindrical member 21 (in the direction of the arrow 42) and is not introduced into the fuel pipe 7. As described above, by increasing the protruding height H protruding downward from the ceiling wall of the fuel distributor 6 of the cylindrical member 21, the amount of solid fuel distributed into the fuel pipe 7 can be reduced.

こうして本実施例1では、それぞれの燃料配管7の内部に設けた円筒部材21を上下方向に移動調整させて、各固体燃料バーナに分配する固体燃料の分配量を調整可能とし、分配量の偏差を制御できる。   Thus, in the first embodiment, the cylindrical member 21 provided inside each fuel pipe 7 is moved and adjusted in the vertical direction so that the distribution amount of the solid fuel distributed to each solid fuel burner can be adjusted. Can be controlled.

図4は分配量調整装置20の具体的構成の他の実施例を示す斜視図であり、図5は図4の構成部材の配置関係を説明する平面図、図6は図4のB−B線縦断面矢視図である。本実施例では、燃料分配部6の上面の燃料配管7との接続部近傍に、燃料分配部6の内壁からの突き出し高さを調整することが可能な板材23を設置している。なお板材23は、燃料分配部6内又は燃料配管7内に設置しても良いし、燃料分配部6内及び燃料配管7内に設置しても良い。   4 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the specific configuration of the distribution amount adjusting device 20, FIG. 5 is a plan view for explaining the arrangement relationship of the constituent members in FIG. 4, and FIG. FIG. In the present embodiment, a plate member 23 capable of adjusting the protruding height from the inner wall of the fuel distribution unit 6 is installed in the vicinity of the connection portion with the fuel pipe 7 on the upper surface of the fuel distribution unit 6. The plate member 23 may be installed in the fuel distributor 6 or the fuel pipe 7, or may be installed in the fuel distributor 6 and the fuel pipe 7.

板材23は移動装置24に接続されている。板材23は、図5に示すように燃料分配部6内の固体燃料の旋回方向43に対して、燃料配管7の上流側に設置する方がよい。なお、図5は燃料分配部6に接続した燃料配管7a〜7dと板材23の配置関係を説明する平面図である。なお、図5では説明の便宜上、燃料配管本数を4本としているが、これ以外の本数であっても良い。また板材23を同じ燃料配管7の近傍に複数設けても良い。図6は図4に示す分配量調整装置20の燃料配管7の中心軸を通る縦断面図である。   The plate member 23 is connected to the moving device 24. As shown in FIG. 5, the plate member 23 is preferably installed upstream of the fuel pipe 7 with respect to the swirling direction 43 of the solid fuel in the fuel distributor 6. 5 is a plan view for explaining the arrangement relationship between the fuel pipes 7a to 7d connected to the fuel distributor 6 and the plate member 23. FIG. In FIG. 5, for convenience of explanation, the number of fuel pipes is four, but other numbers may be used. A plurality of plate members 23 may be provided in the vicinity of the same fuel pipe 7. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view passing through the central axis of the fuel pipe 7 of the distribution amount adjusting device 20 shown in FIG.

図4に示す分配量調整装置20の機能について図6を用いて説明するが、板材23を燃料分配部6の内壁から突き出した場合、分配部6内部を旋回しながら移動している固体燃料50は板材23の突き出し部に衝突した後、一旦、板材23の下方へと移動するが、一部の固体燃料50は矢印41のように、燃料配管7へと流れ込むガスの流体抗力に導引されて燃料配管7に導入される。その他の固体燃料50は矢印42のように燃料配管7に導入されず、分配部6内を再び移動し始める。板材23の分配部天井壁から下方への突き出し高さHを大きくすることにより、燃料配管7に導入されない固体燃料は増えるので、板材23の高さを調整することにより各燃料配管7への固体燃料の分配量を制御することが可能である。なお、図4及び図6においては、板材23を上下方向に移動調整させているが、板材23を左右方向に移動調整させる構成としても良い。   The function of the distribution amount adjusting device 20 shown in FIG. 4 will be described with reference to FIG. 6. When the plate member 23 protrudes from the inner wall of the fuel distribution unit 6, the solid fuel 50 moving while turning inside the distribution unit 6. After colliding with the protruding portion of the plate member 23, it temporarily moves downward of the plate member 23, but a part of the solid fuel 50 is guided by the fluid drag force of the gas flowing into the fuel pipe 7 as indicated by an arrow 41. Are introduced into the fuel pipe 7. The other solid fuel 50 is not introduced into the fuel pipe 7 as indicated by the arrow 42 and starts moving again in the distribution unit 6. By increasing the height H projecting downward from the ceiling wall of the distribution portion of the plate member 23, the amount of solid fuel that is not introduced into the fuel pipe 7 increases. Therefore, by adjusting the height of the plate member 23, the solid to each fuel pipe 7 is increased. It is possible to control the amount of fuel distribution. 4 and 6, the plate member 23 is moved and adjusted in the vertical direction, but the plate member 23 may be moved and adjusted in the left and right direction.

こうして本実施例2では、それぞれの燃料配管7の内部に設けた板材23を上下方向に移動調整させて、各固体燃料バーナ8に分配する固体燃料の分配量を調整可能とし、分配量の偏差を制御できる。
本実施例の板材23とその上下方向への移動機構は、実施例1の円筒部材21とその上下方向への移動機構に比較してより単純であるので、作製が容易であるだけでなく、その製造コストも比較的安価である。
Thus, in the second embodiment, the plate material 23 provided inside each fuel pipe 7 is moved and adjusted in the vertical direction so that the distribution amount of the solid fuel distributed to each solid fuel burner 8 can be adjusted. Can be controlled.
The plate member 23 and its vertical movement mechanism in this embodiment are simpler than the cylindrical member 21 and its vertical movement mechanism in the first embodiment. Its manufacturing cost is also relatively low.

図7は、分配量調整装置20の具体的構成の更に他の実施例を示す。本実施例では、燃料分配部6上面の燃料配管7との接続部近傍に空気噴射口25を設けて、燃料分配部6の内部又は燃料配管7内へ空気噴流を投入している。なお、空気噴射口25は燃料配管7の内部に空気噴流が投入されるように設けても良い。噴出する空気量は空気噴射口25に空気を供給する配管に設けた流量調整弁26によって調整することが可能である。空気噴射口25の設置位置は、燃料分配部6内の固体燃料の旋回方向に対して、燃料配管7の上流側にする方がよい。また空気噴射口25は複数あっても良い。   FIG. 7 shows still another embodiment of the specific configuration of the distribution amount adjusting device 20. In this embodiment, an air injection port 25 is provided in the vicinity of the connection portion with the fuel pipe 7 on the upper surface of the fuel distribution section 6, and an air jet is introduced into the fuel distribution section 6 or into the fuel pipe 7. The air injection port 25 may be provided so that an air jet is introduced into the fuel pipe 7. The amount of air to be ejected can be adjusted by a flow rate adjustment valve 26 provided in a pipe that supplies air to the air injection port 25. The installation position of the air injection port 25 is preferably on the upstream side of the fuel pipe 7 with respect to the swirling direction of the solid fuel in the fuel distributor 6. There may be a plurality of air injection ports 25.

この機能について図8を用いて説明する。図8は図7に示す分配量調整装置20の燃料配管7の中心軸を通る縦断面図である。
分配部6内部を旋回しながら移動している固体燃料50は、空気噴射口25の下方に到達すると、空気噴射口25からの空気噴流27によって下方へ吹き飛ばされる。このうち、一部の固体燃料50は燃料配管7へと流れ込むガスの流体抗力に導引されて燃料配管7へと矢印41方向に導入されるが、その他固体燃料50は燃料配管7に導入されず、分配部6内を再び移動する矢印42方向に流れる。
This function will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view passing through the central axis of the fuel pipe 7 of the distribution amount adjusting device 20 shown in FIG.
When the solid fuel 50 moving while turning inside the distribution unit 6 reaches below the air injection port 25, the solid fuel 50 is blown down by the air jet 27 from the air injection port 25. Among them, a part of the solid fuel 50 is guided by the fluid drag of the gas flowing into the fuel pipe 7 and introduced into the fuel pipe 7 in the direction of the arrow 41, while the other solid fuel 50 is introduced into the fuel pipe 7. Instead, it flows in the direction of the arrow 42 that moves again in the distributor 6.

本実施例では、空気噴射口25からの空気噴流の流量を増やすことで、燃料配管7に導入されない固体燃料は増える。したがって、空気流調弁26の調整により、各燃料配管7への固体燃料の分配量を制御することが可能であるので、各種部材を移動調整する場合に比較して各燃料配管7への固体燃料の分配量制御が容易である。   In the present embodiment, the solid fuel that is not introduced into the fuel pipe 7 increases by increasing the flow rate of the air jet from the air injection port 25. Therefore, since the distribution amount of the solid fuel to each fuel pipe 7 can be controlled by adjusting the air flow control valve 26, the solid to each fuel pipe 7 is compared with the case where various members are moved and adjusted. Easy control of fuel distribution.

図9は、本発明に係る燃料分配装置20を備えた固体燃料燃焼設備の一実施例の燃料供給制御機構を含めた全体構成図を示す。本実施例では燃料配管7の本数を4本(7a〜7d、燃料配管7b、7cは図示せず)としている。本実施例では、燃料分配部6と燃料配管7a〜7d)の接続部に分配量調整装置20a〜20d(分配量調整装置20b〜20cは図示せず)を設置するとともに、燃料配管7a〜7dの途中に固体燃料の流量計測装置32a〜32d(流量計測装置32b〜32dは図示せず)を備えている。流量計測装置32a〜32dの各計測値33a〜33dは、分配量調整装置20a〜20dの制御器30へと送られる。そして、各燃料配管7a〜7dでの固体燃料流量を均一にするように各分配量調整装置20a〜20dの制御指令31a〜31dがそれぞれ演算されて、各分配量調整装置20a〜20dに送られる。   FIG. 9 is an overall configuration diagram including a fuel supply control mechanism of an embodiment of a solid fuel combustion facility equipped with the fuel distributor 20 according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the number of fuel pipes 7 is four (7a to 7d and fuel pipes 7b and 7c are not shown). In the present embodiment, distribution amount adjusting devices 20a to 20d (distribution amount adjusting devices 20b to 20c are not shown) are installed at the connecting portion between the fuel distribution unit 6 and the fuel pipes 7a to 7d), and the fuel pipes 7a to 7d. Are provided with solid fuel flow rate measuring devices 32a to 32d (flow rate measuring devices 32b to 32d are not shown). The measured values 33a to 33d of the flow rate measuring devices 32a to 32d are sent to the controller 30 of the distribution amount adjusting devices 20a to 20d. Then, control commands 31a to 31d of the respective distribution amount adjusting devices 20a to 20d are calculated so as to make the solid fuel flow rates in the respective fuel pipes 7a to 7d uniform, and are sent to the respective distribution amount adjusting devices 20a to 20d. .

図9に示すシステムでは、任意の燃料配管7の固体燃料分配量が他の燃料配管7への固体燃料分配量より増加または減少した場合は、流量計測装置32a〜32dでその増加量または減少量が直接測定され、制御器30によって各燃料配管7a〜7dの固体燃料流量が均一になるように分配量調整装置20a〜20dが制御される。したがって、常に各燃料配管7a〜7dへの固体燃料の分配量を均一に保つことが可能である。   In the system shown in FIG. 9, when the solid fuel distribution amount of any fuel pipe 7 increases or decreases from the solid fuel distribution amount to other fuel pipes 7, the flow amount measuring devices 32 a to 32 d increase or decrease the solid fuel distribution amount. Is directly measured, and the controller 30 controls the distribution amount adjusting devices 20a to 20d so that the solid fuel flow rates of the fuel pipes 7a to 7d become uniform. Therefore, it is possible to always maintain a uniform distribution amount of the solid fuel to the fuel pipes 7a to 7d.

図10は、本発明に係る燃料分配装置を備えた固体燃料燃焼設備の他の実施例を示す。本実施例では、燃料分配部6と各燃料配管7a〜7d(燃料配管7b、7cは図示せず)の接続部に分配量調整装置20a〜20d(分配量調整装置20b〜20dは図示せず)を設置するとともに、火炉9に固体燃料バーナ8a〜8d(バーナ8b〜8dは図示せず)の火炎温度の計測装置34a(火炎温度の計測装置34b〜34dは図示せず)を備えている。   FIG. 10 shows another embodiment of the solid fuel combustion facility equipped with the fuel distributor according to the present invention. In the present embodiment, distribution amount adjusting devices 20a to 20d (distribution amount adjusting devices 20b to 20d are not shown) at the connecting portions of the fuel distribution unit 6 and the fuel pipes 7a to 7d (fuel pipes 7b and 7c are not shown). ) And a flame temperature measuring device 34a (flame temperature measuring devices 34b to 34d are not shown) of the solid fuel burners 8a to 8d (burners 8b to 8d are not shown). .

火炎温度計測装置34a〜34dの計測値35a〜35dは、分配量調整装置20a〜20dの制御器30へと送られる。
そして、各燃料配管7a〜7dの固体燃料流量を均一にするように各分配量調整装置20a〜20dの制御指令31a〜31dが演算され、各分配量調整装置20a〜20dへと送られる。
The measured values 35a to 35d of the flame temperature measuring devices 34a to 34d are sent to the controller 30 of the distribution amount adjusting devices 20a to 20d.
Then, the control commands 31a to 31d of the distribution amount adjusting devices 20a to 20d are calculated so as to make the solid fuel flow rates of the fuel pipes 7a to 7d uniform, and are sent to the distribution amount adjusting devices 20a to 20d.

例えば、燃料配管7aからバーナ8aへ流入する固体燃料流量が増加すると、バーナ火炎の発熱量も増加するので、同様に火炎温度も高くなる。また、バーナ8aへ流入する固体燃料流量が低下すると、火炎の発熱量も減少して火炎温度が低下する。このようにバーナ8aへ流入する固体燃料流量とバーナ8aの火炎温度には相関関係があるので、固体燃料流量を直接測定しなくても火炎温度により間接的に測定することができる。
なお、火炎温度測定装置34a〜34dには種々用いられるが、熱伝対などの接触式の計測器では熱による劣化が激しいので、赤外線放射温度計などの非接触式の計測器が望ましい。
本実施例によれば、各バーナ8a〜8dの火炎温度が常に一定になるように制御すれば、各バーナ8a〜8dへ分配する固体燃料分配量を均一に保つことができる。
For example, if the flow rate of the solid fuel flowing from the fuel pipe 7a to the burner 8a increases, the amount of heat generated by the burner flame also increases, so that the flame temperature similarly increases. Further, when the flow rate of the solid fuel flowing into the burner 8a is reduced, the heat value of the flame is also reduced and the flame temperature is lowered. As described above, since there is a correlation between the flow rate of the solid fuel flowing into the burner 8a and the flame temperature of the burner 8a, it can be indirectly measured by the flame temperature without directly measuring the flow rate of the solid fuel.
Although various flame temperature measuring devices 34a to 34d are used, contact-type measuring instruments such as thermocouples are severely deteriorated by heat. Therefore, non-contact measuring instruments such as infrared radiation thermometers are desirable.
According to the present embodiment, if the flame temperature of each burner 8a to 8d is controlled so as to be always constant, the solid fuel distribution amount distributed to each burner 8a to 8d can be kept uniform.

図11は、本発明に係る燃料分配装置20を備えた固体燃料燃焼設備の更に他の実施例を示す。本実施例では、燃料分配部6と各燃料配管7a〜7d(配管7b、7cは図示せず)の接続部に分配量調整装置20a〜20d(分配量調整装置20b〜20cは図示せず)を設置するとともに、燃料配管7a〜7dの途中に固体燃料の流量計測装置32a〜32d(流量計測装置32b〜32dは図示せず)を備え、さらに燃料炉9に固体燃料バーナ8a〜8d(バーナ8b〜8dは図示せず)の火炎温度の計測装置34a〜34d(計測装置34b〜34dは図示せず)を備えている。流量計測装置32a〜32dの計測値33a〜33d及び火炎温度計測装置34a〜34dの計測値35a〜35d(計測値35b〜35dは図示せず)は、分配量調整装置20a〜20dの制御器30へと送られる。   FIG. 11 shows still another embodiment of the solid fuel combustion facility provided with the fuel distributor 20 according to the present invention. In the present embodiment, distribution amount adjusting devices 20a to 20d (distribution amount adjusting devices 20b to 20c are not shown) are connected to the connecting portions of the fuel distribution unit 6 and the fuel pipes 7a to 7d (pipes 7b and 7c are not shown). And solid fuel flow rate measuring devices 32a to 32d (the flow rate measuring devices 32b to 32d are not shown) are provided in the middle of the fuel pipes 7a to 7d, and the fuel furnace 9 is provided with solid fuel burners 8a to 8d (burner). Flame temperature measuring devices 34a to 34d (measuring devices 34b to 34d are not shown). The measured values 33a to 33d of the flow rate measuring devices 32a to 32d and the measured values 35a to 35d of the flame temperature measuring devices 34a to 34d (the measured values 35b to 35d are not shown) are the controllers 30 of the distribution amount adjusting devices 20a to 20d. Sent to.

そして、各燃料配管7a〜7dの固体燃料流量を均一にするように各分配量調整装置20a〜20dの制御指令31a〜31dが演算されて、各分配量調整装置20a〜20dへ送られる。
本実施例では、このように固体燃料流量と火炎温度を同時に計測することにより、計測値の信頼性が向上し、その計測結果を分配量調整装置20a〜20dの制御に反映させる、より確実で、適切な制御が可能となる。
Then, the control commands 31a to 31d of the distribution amount adjusting devices 20a to 20d are calculated so as to make the solid fuel flow rates of the fuel pipes 7a to 7d uniform, and are sent to the distribution amount adjusting devices 20a to 20d.
In the present embodiment, by simultaneously measuring the solid fuel flow rate and the flame temperature in this way, the reliability of the measurement value is improved, and the measurement result is reflected in the control of the distribution amount adjusting devices 20a to 20d. Appropriate control becomes possible.

本発明の燃料分配装置や燃料分配方法は、石炭焚ボイラプラント等において、石炭等の固体燃料を粉砕装置で粉砕後、気流によりバーナに供給して燃焼させる設備で利用される。そして固体粒状物の分配量を調整し、供給する装置として、二段燃焼システムなどの超低NOx燃焼用のバーナなどでも利用可能である。また本発明の燃料分配装置や燃料分配方法は、外部より分配量の調整が可能で種々の条件で制御できるため、ボイラ以外の他の燃焼装置、例えば、ゴミ焼却炉などの技術分野での様々な応用が可能である。   The fuel distribution device and the fuel distribution method of the present invention are used in a coal fired boiler plant or the like in a facility in which a solid fuel such as coal is pulverized by a pulverizer and then supplied to a burner by an air flow and burned. As a device for adjusting and supplying the distribution amount of the solid particulate matter, a burner for ultra-low NOx combustion such as a two-stage combustion system can be used. In addition, since the fuel distribution device and fuel distribution method of the present invention can be adjusted from the outside and can be controlled under various conditions, various combustion devices other than boilers, such as a garbage incinerator, can be used in various technical fields. Application is possible.

本実施の形態に係る固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the fuel distribution apparatus of the solid fuel combustion facility which concerns on this Embodiment. 本発明に係る固体燃料分配量調整装置の具体的構成の一実施例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows one Example of the concrete structure of the solid fuel distribution amount adjustment apparatus which concerns on this invention. 図2に示す燃料配管の中心軸を通る固体燃料分配量調整装置の縦断面矢視図であり、図3(a)は円筒部材を燃料分配部の内壁へ突き出していない場合を示しており、図3(b)は円筒部材を燃料分配部の内壁へ突き出した場合を示している。FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the solid fuel distribution amount adjusting device passing through the central axis of the fuel pipe shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 3A shows a case where the cylindrical member is not projected to the inner wall of the fuel distribution unit; FIG. 3B shows a case where the cylindrical member protrudes to the inner wall of the fuel distributor. 本発明に係る固体燃料分配量調整装置の具体的構成の一実施例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows one Example of the concrete structure of the solid fuel distribution amount adjustment apparatus which concerns on this invention. 図4に示す燃料分配器に接続した燃料配管と板材の配置関係を説明する平面図である。It is a top view explaining the arrangement | positioning relationship between the fuel piping connected to the fuel distributor shown in FIG. 4, and a board | plate material. 図4に示す燃料配管の中心軸を通る固体燃料分配量調整装置のB−B線縦断面矢視図である。FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the solid fuel distribution adjustment device passing through the central axis of the fuel pipe shown in FIG. 本発明に係る固体燃料分配量調整装置の具体的構成の一実施例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows one Example of the concrete structure of the solid fuel distribution amount adjustment apparatus which concerns on this invention. 図7に示す燃料配管の中心軸を通る固体燃料分配量調整装置のC−C線縦断面矢視図である。FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line CC of the solid fuel distribution adjustment device passing through the central axis of the fuel pipe shown in FIG. 7. 本発明に係る燃料分配装置を備えた固体燃料燃焼設備の一実施例の燃料供給制御機構を含めた全体構成図である。1 is an overall configuration diagram including a fuel supply control mechanism of an embodiment of a solid fuel combustion facility equipped with a fuel distributor according to the present invention. 本発明に係る燃料分配装置を備えた固体燃料燃焼設備の一実施例の燃料供給制御機構を含めた全体構成図である。1 is an overall configuration diagram including a fuel supply control mechanism of an embodiment of a solid fuel combustion facility equipped with a fuel distributor according to the present invention. 本発明に係る燃料分配装置を備えた固体燃料燃焼設備の一実施例の燃料供給制御機構を含めた全体構成図である。1 is an overall configuration diagram including a fuel supply control mechanism of an embodiment of a solid fuel combustion facility equipped with a fuel distributor according to the present invention. 従来例の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the fuel distribution apparatus of the solid fuel combustion installation of a prior art example. 従来技術又は本発明に係る燃料分配部を頂部に設けた粉砕装置の平面図である。It is a top view of the crushing apparatus which provided the fuel distribution part which concerns on a prior art or this invention in the top part.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 給炭管(原料供給管) 2 粉砕テーブル
3 粉砕ローラ(粉砕ボール) 4 スロート(空気噴出口)
5 分級装置 6 燃料分配部
7 燃料配管 8 固体燃料バーナ
9 火炉 10 分配部入口の絞り部
11 流量調整弁 12 分級装置駆動モータ
13 アクセスドア 20 分配量調整装置
21 円筒部材 22 円筒部材の移動装置
23 板材 24 板材の移動装置
25 空気噴射口 26 空気流量調整弁
27 空気噴流 30 制御器
31 制御指令 32 流量計測装置
33 流量計測値 34 火炎温度計測装置
35 火炎温度計測値
41 燃料配管に導入される固体燃料の流れ
42 燃料配管に導入されない固体燃料の流れ
43 固体燃料の旋回方向 50 固体燃料
51 高温空気の供給口
52 粉砕部から分級装置へと移動する石炭の流れ
53 分級装置を通過する石炭の流れ
54 粉砕部へと落下する石炭の流れ
1 Charging pipe (raw material supply pipe) 2 Grinding table 3 Grinding roller (grinding ball) 4 Throat (air jet outlet)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Classifier 6 Fuel distribution part 7 Fuel piping 8 Solid fuel burner 9 Furnace 10 Restriction part 11 of distribution part inlet Flow control valve 12 Classifier drive motor 13 Access door 20 Distribution amount adjustment apparatus 21 Cylindrical member 22 Cylindrical member movement apparatus 23 Plate material 24 Plate material moving device 25 Air injection port 26 Air flow rate adjustment valve 27 Air jet 30 Controller 31 Control command 32 Flow rate measurement device 33 Flow rate measurement value 34 Flame temperature measurement device 35 Flame temperature measurement value
41 Solid fuel flow introduced into fuel pipe 42 Solid fuel flow not introduced into fuel pipe 43 Solid fuel swirl direction 50 Solid fuel 51 Hot air supply port 52 Coal flow 53 moving from the crushing section to the classifier Coal flow passing through the classifier 54 Coal flow falling to the grinding section

Claims (12)

固体燃料を粉砕する粉砕部と該粉砕部で粉砕された固体燃料を搬送用気体に同伴させて混合流体とした後に複数の固体燃料燃焼バーナに供給するための各燃料配管に分配する分配部とを有する固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置において、
前記分配部と前記各燃料配管の接続部毎にそれぞれ独立して固体燃料の分配量を調整可能にした分配量調整手段を設けたことを特徴とする固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置。
A pulverizing unit for pulverizing the solid fuel, and a distributing unit for distributing the solid fuel pulverized in the pulverizing unit to each fuel pipe for supplying the mixed fuel to a plurality of solid fuel combustion burners after entraining the gas with a carrier gas In a fuel distribution device of a solid fuel combustion facility having
A fuel distribution device for a solid fuel combustion facility, characterized in that a distribution amount adjusting means is provided for adjusting the distribution amount of the solid fuel independently for each connection portion of the distribution portion and each fuel pipe.
前記分配量調整手段は、前記分配部から前記燃料配管内に導入される固体燃料が、導入の際に抵抗を受ける抵抗手段を有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置。   2. The fuel of a solid fuel combustion facility according to claim 1, wherein the distribution amount adjusting means includes a resistance means for receiving a resistance when the solid fuel introduced from the distribution portion into the fuel pipe is introduced. Dispensing device. 前記分配部には前記粉砕部から導入された混合流体を分級する分級部を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1又は2のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置。   The fuel distribution device for a solid fuel combustion facility according to claim 1, wherein the distribution unit is provided with a classification unit for classifying the mixed fluid introduced from the pulverization unit. 前記分配量調整手段は、前記燃料分配部と前記各燃料配管の接続部に移動可能な円筒部材を有し、当該円筒部材の位置を調整可能にしたことを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置。   The distribution amount adjusting means has a cylindrical member movable at a connection portion between the fuel distribution portion and each fuel pipe, and the position of the cylindrical member can be adjusted. A fuel distribution device for a solid fuel combustion facility according to any one of the above. 前記分配量調整手段は、前記燃料分配部と前記各燃料配管の接続部に移動可能な板材を有し、当該板材の位置を調整可能にしたことを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置。   4. The distribution amount adjusting means according to claim 1, further comprising: a plate member movable at a connection portion between the fuel distribution portion and each fuel pipe, wherein the position of the plate member can be adjusted. A fuel distribution device for a solid fuel combustion facility according to claim 1. 前記分配量調整手段は、前記燃料分配部と前記各燃料配管の接続部に空気噴射口を有し、該空気噴射口から前記燃料分配部もしくは前記燃料配管の内部へ空気噴流を投入することを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置。   The distribution amount adjusting means includes an air injection port at a connection portion between the fuel distribution unit and each fuel pipe, and an air jet is introduced from the air injection port into the fuel distribution unit or the fuel pipe. The fuel distribution device for a solid fuel combustion facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 前記燃料配管内の前記固体燃料の質量流量を検出する流量計測装置及び/又は前記各固体燃料バーナの火炎温度を検出する1台または複数の火炎温度計測装置と、
前記流量計測装置及び/又は前記火炎温度計測装置による計測値に応じてそれぞれの前記分配量調整手段により固体燃料の分配量を制御する制御装置と
を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1ないし6のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置。
A flow rate measuring device for detecting a mass flow rate of the solid fuel in the fuel pipe and / or one or more flame temperature measuring devices for detecting a flame temperature of each solid fuel burner;
7. A control device for controlling a distribution amount of solid fuel by each of the distribution amount adjusting means according to a measured value by the flow rate measuring device and / or the flame temperature measuring device. A fuel distribution device for a solid fuel combustion facility according to any one of the above.
請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置を用いた燃料分配方法において、
各燃料配管内の固体燃料の質量流量に応じてそれぞれの前記分配量調整手段により各固体燃料バーナへ供給する固体燃料の分配量を制御することを特徴とする固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置の燃料分配方法。
In the fuel distribution method using the fuel distribution apparatus of the solid fuel combustion facility according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
In a fuel distribution device for a solid fuel combustion facility, the distribution amount of solid fuel supplied to each solid fuel burner is controlled by the distribution amount adjusting means according to the mass flow rate of the solid fuel in each fuel pipe. Fuel distribution method.
請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置を用いた燃料分配方法において、
前記各固体燃料バーナの火炎温度に応じてそれぞれの前記分配量調整手段により各固体燃料バーナへ供給する固体燃料の分配量を制御することを特徴とする固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置の燃料分配方法。
In the fuel distribution method using the fuel distribution apparatus of the solid fuel combustion facility according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The distribution amount of the solid fuel supplied to each solid fuel burner is controlled by the distribution amount adjusting means according to the flame temperature of each solid fuel burner, and the fuel distribution of the fuel distribution device of the solid fuel combustion facility Method.
請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置を用いた燃料分配方法において、
前記各燃料配管内の固体燃料の質量流量の計測値及び前記各固体燃料バーナの火炎温度の計測値に応じてそれぞれの前記分配量調整手段により各固体燃料バーナへ供給する固体燃料の分配量を制御することを特徴とする固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置の燃料分配方法。
In the fuel distribution method using the fuel distribution apparatus of the solid fuel combustion facility according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The distribution amount of the solid fuel supplied to each solid fuel burner by the respective distribution amount adjusting means according to the measurement value of the mass flow rate of the solid fuel in each fuel pipe and the measurement value of the flame temperature of each solid fuel burner. A fuel distribution method for a fuel distribution device of a solid fuel combustion facility.
請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置を用いた燃料分配方法において、
固体燃料燃焼設備の火炉の同一高さにある複数の固体燃料バーナで構成されるバーナ段の各バーナに分配する燃料分配量が同じバーナ段で均一又はほぼ均一になるようにそれぞれの前記分配量調整手段により固体燃料の分配量を制御することを特徴とする固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置の燃料分配方法。
In the fuel distribution method using the fuel distribution apparatus of the solid fuel combustion facility according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Each of the distribution amounts so that the fuel distribution amount distributed to each burner of the burner stage composed of a plurality of solid fuel burners at the same height of the furnace of the solid fuel combustion facility is uniform or nearly uniform in the same burner stage A fuel distribution method for a fuel distribution device of a solid fuel combustion facility, wherein the amount of distribution of the solid fuel is controlled by an adjusting means.
請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置を用いた燃料分配方法において、
固体燃料燃焼設備の火炉の同一高さにある複数の固体燃料バーナで構成されるバーナ段の各バーナに分配する燃料分配量が同じバーナ段で個々に調整されるようにそれぞれの前記分配量調整手段により固体燃料の分配量を制御することを特徴とする固体燃料燃焼設備の燃料分配装置の燃料分配方法。
In the fuel distribution method using the fuel distribution apparatus of the solid fuel combustion facility according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Each of the distribution amount adjustments so that the fuel distribution amount distributed to each burner of the burner stage composed of a plurality of solid fuel burners at the same height of the furnace of the solid fuel combustion facility is individually adjusted in the same burner stage A fuel distribution method for a fuel distribution device of a solid fuel combustion facility, characterized in that the distribution amount of the solid fuel is controlled by means.
JP2004288027A 2004-09-30 2004-09-30 Fuel distributor and distributing method for solid fuel combustion facility Pending JP2006098030A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016205636A (en) * 2015-04-15 2016-12-08 株式会社Ihi環境エンジニアリング Fuel supply apparatus and fuel supply method
JP2020041776A (en) * 2018-09-12 2020-03-19 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 Distributor of solid/gas two-phase flow
JP2022044511A (en) * 2020-09-07 2022-03-17 リンナイ株式会社 Gas cooking stove

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016205636A (en) * 2015-04-15 2016-12-08 株式会社Ihi環境エンジニアリング Fuel supply apparatus and fuel supply method
JP2020041776A (en) * 2018-09-12 2020-03-19 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 Distributor of solid/gas two-phase flow
JP2022044511A (en) * 2020-09-07 2022-03-17 リンナイ株式会社 Gas cooking stove

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