JP2005349401A - Bore pin for casting cylinder block - Google Patents
Bore pin for casting cylinder block Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005349401A JP2005349401A JP2004169416A JP2004169416A JP2005349401A JP 2005349401 A JP2005349401 A JP 2005349401A JP 2004169416 A JP2004169416 A JP 2004169416A JP 2004169416 A JP2004169416 A JP 2004169416A JP 2005349401 A JP2005349401 A JP 2005349401A
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- bore pin
- cylinder block
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910020630 Co Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002440 Co–Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JPNWDVUTVSTKMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt tungsten Chemical compound [Co].[W] JPNWDVUTVSTKMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、自動車用エンジン等のシリンダブロックを鋳造する際に用いるボアピンに関する。 The present invention relates to a bore pin used when casting a cylinder block of an automobile engine or the like.
自動車用エンジンのシリンダブロックは、軽量化を図るためにアルミニウム合金等の軽合金材料をダイキャスト法等で鋳造して成形される。そして、シリンダブロックにはピストンが摺動する部位であるシリンダボアが気筒の数に応じて形成される。しかしながら、シリンダボアを軽合金材料単体で形成した場合、ピストンの摺動に対して十分な耐摩耗性を得られない。このため、シリンダブロック成形の際に鋳型内のシリンダボア部に耐摩耗性材料からなる円筒状のライナ（スリーブとも称される）を配置しておき、このライナを軽合金で鋳ぐるむことによりシリンダボアを形成することが行なわれている。 A cylinder block of an automobile engine is formed by casting a light alloy material such as an aluminum alloy by a die casting method or the like in order to reduce the weight. In the cylinder block, cylinder bores, which are parts where the piston slides, are formed according to the number of cylinders. However, when the cylinder bore is formed of a light alloy material alone, sufficient wear resistance cannot be obtained with respect to the sliding of the piston. For this reason, a cylindrical liner (also referred to as a sleeve) made of a wear-resistant material is placed in the cylinder bore portion in the mold during cylinder block molding, and the cylinder bore is formed by casting the liner with a light alloy. Has been made.
シリンダボアの内面に設ける耐摩耗性に優れたライナとして、ＦＣ材（ねずみ鋳鉄）や、アルミニウム合金中に炭化ケイ素粒子や強化繊維等の強化材を分散させた複合材料などが用いられている。 As a liner having excellent wear resistance provided on the inner surface of a cylinder bore, FC materials (grey cast iron), composite materials in which reinforcing materials such as silicon carbide particles and reinforcing fibers are dispersed in an aluminum alloy, and the like are used.
この種のライナを備えたシリンダブロックを成形する場合、鋳型のキャビティ内にボアピンを突出させ、そのボアピンにライナを嵌め込んで保持させた状態で、キャビティ内にアルミニウム合金等の溶湯を充填する。このようなシリンダブロック鋳造用ボアピンに係わる先行技術として例えば以下のものが挙げられる。 When a cylinder block having this type of liner is formed, a bore pin is projected into the cavity of the mold, and the cavity is filled with a molten metal such as an aluminum alloy while the liner is fitted and held in the bore pin. Examples of prior art relating to such a cylinder block casting bore pin include the following.
特許文献１には、シリンダブロック鋳造用金型内のシリンダボアを形成すべき位置に、スリーブを装着するボアピンを配設して、ボアピンにその軸線方向に沿って基端部側から先端部側へ冷却室を形成すると共に、ボアピンの基端部側に、その開口端を冷却室内に臨ませて冷却液配管を挿入配設してなるボアピンの冷却構造において、冷却液配管の開口端の位置を金型配設時に、金型のシリンダヘッド接合部形成面位置またはこの位置近傍の金型の内方位置としたシリンダブロック鋳造用ボアピンの冷却構造が記載されている。 In Patent Document 1, a bore pin for mounting a sleeve is disposed at a position where a cylinder bore in a cylinder block casting mold is to be formed, and the bore pin is moved from the proximal end side to the distal end side along the axial direction thereof. In the cooling structure of the bore pin in which the cooling chamber is formed and the cooling pipe is inserted and disposed on the base end side of the bore pin with the opening end facing the cooling chamber, the position of the opening end of the cooling pipe is A cooling structure for a cylinder block casting bore pin is described in which a die cylinder head joint portion forming surface position at the die placement or an inward position of the die near this position is described.
特許文献２には、シリンダボアを成形するための入子となるボア金型用ピンを有する鋳造金型に、ボア部を形成する筒状のシリンダライナを、そのボア金型ピンを挿入させて配置する工程と、鋳造金型内にアルミニウム合金溶湯を注湯し、鋳ぐるんで凝固させる工程とを含んでなるシリンダブロックの鋳造方法であって、ボア金型ピンは、鋳造後のシリンダライナの内周面が真円となるように、鋳造後の残留応力によるシリンダライナの内周面の変形を見込んでその断面が異形状に調製されているシリンダブロックの鋳造方法が記載されている。 In Patent Document 2, a cylindrical cylinder liner that forms a bore portion is inserted into a casting mold having a bore mold pin that becomes a nest for forming a cylinder bore, and the bore mold pin is inserted. A cylinder block casting method including a step of pouring a molten aluminum alloy into a casting mold, and solidifying by casting. A bore mold pin is formed in a cylinder liner after casting. A cylinder block casting method is described in which the inner surface of the cylinder liner is deformed by the residual stress after casting so that the outer surface is a perfect circle.
特許文献３には、アルミニウム溶湯又はアルミニウム合金溶湯を、入子を有する鋳型内に注湯するステップと、溶湯が、入子及び鋳型の内側面によって形成された溶湯の流路が急激に絞られて細くなる挟路部を流れるステップと、この挟路部を流れた後、鋳型及び入子の間のキャビティに溶湯が充填保持されるステップと、このキャビティに充填保持された溶湯が凝固されるステップとを含んでなるアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金の鋳造方法において、挟路部に近接する入子の端面に凹部を設け、凹部に溶湯が流れ込むことにより挟路部の溶湯の凝固を遅らせる鋳造方法が記載されている。 In Patent Document 3, a step of pouring molten aluminum or molten aluminum alloy into a mold having an insert and a flow path of the melt formed by the insert and the inner surface of the mold are rapidly narrowed. The step of flowing through the narrowed narrow passage portion, the step of filling and holding the molten metal in the cavity between the mold and the insert after flowing through the narrow passage portion, and the molten metal filled and held in the cavity are solidified. A step of providing a recess in the end face of the nest adjacent to the niche part and delaying solidification of the melt in the niche part by flowing the melt into the recess. Has been.
前述したようにライナを備えたシリンダブロックを成形する場合、金型のキャビティ内にボアピンを突出させ、そのボアピンにライナを嵌め込んで保持させた状態で、キャビティ内にアルミニウム合金等の溶湯を充填する。そして、鋳型内の溶湯が凝固した後に、鋳型内からライナを鋳ぐるんだシリンダブロックを取り出すとともに、ボアピンからライナを引き抜く。 When molding a cylinder block with a liner as described above, the bore pin protrudes into the cavity of the mold, and the cavity is filled with a molten metal such as an aluminum alloy while the liner is fitted and held. To do. Then, after the molten metal in the mold is solidified, the cylinder block in which the liner is cast is taken out from the mold, and the liner is pulled out from the bore pin.
そこで、ボアピンは十分な耐熱性とともに、耐摩耗性材料からなるライナから引き抜かれるため十分な耐摩耗性が要求される。従来のボアピンとして、ＪＩＳ ＳＫＤ６１相当の熱間工具鋼や、さらにこれに焼入れ、焼戻し等の熱処理を施した後、軟窒化処理を施して耐熱性、耐摩耗性を付与したものなどが使用されている。 Therefore, the bore pin is required to have sufficient heat resistance since it is pulled out from the liner made of the wear-resistant material together with sufficient heat resistance. As a conventional bore pin, a hot tool steel equivalent to JIS SKD61, or one that has been subjected to heat treatment such as quenching and tempering and then subjected to soft nitriding treatment to impart heat resistance and wear resistance, etc. is used. Yes.
一方、シリンダブロックのシリンダボアは形成位置の精度が高く要求されるため、ボアピンとライナは互いに緊密に嵌合されている。また、鋳造成形時、まれにボアピンとライナの嵌合部の隙間に微量の溶湯が差し込むことがある。また、ボアピンは溶湯や繰り返して使用される鋳型の熱の影響を受けて昇温して熱膨張する。 On the other hand, since the cylinder bore of the cylinder block is required to have a high precision in the formation position, the bore pin and the liner are closely fitted to each other. In addition, a small amount of molten metal may be inserted into the gap between the bore pin and the liner at the time of casting. Further, the bore pin is heated and expands under the influence of the heat of the molten metal or the mold that is repeatedly used.
このような状態の中では、ボアピンとライナとを脱着すると両者がかじりやすくなる。このため、従来のボアピンにおいては、ボアピン表面の摩耗が著しくなり、シリンダボアの形成位置精度を良好に維持できなくなる、また損傷して耐用寿命が短くなるという問題があった。 In such a state, when the bore pin and the liner are attached and detached, both become easy to bite. For this reason, in the conventional bore pin, there is a problem that the wear on the surface of the bore pin becomes remarkable, the accuracy of the formation position of the cylinder bore cannot be maintained satisfactorily, and the service life is shortened due to damage.
この課題に鑑みて本発明は、ボアピン表面の耐摩耗性を向上させることにより、シリンダボアの形成位置精度を良好に維持でき、従来材料に比べて耐用寿命が長いシリンダブロック鋳造用ボアピンを提供することを目的とする。 In view of this problem, the present invention provides a bore block for casting a cylinder block that can maintain the accuracy of the formation position of the cylinder bore by improving the wear resistance of the surface of the bore pin, and has a longer service life than conventional materials. With the goal.
本発明のシリンダブロック鋳造用ボアピンは、シリンダブロックを鋳造する際にライナに嵌め込んで用いられるボアピンであって、金属材料からなる母材の少なくともライナと接触する部分が、金属とセラミックスの複合材料であるサーメットの焼結体からなることを特徴とする。 A bore pin for casting a cylinder block according to the present invention is a bore pin that is used by being fitted into a liner when casting a cylinder block, and at least a portion of a base material made of a metal material that contacts the liner is a composite material of metal and ceramics. It consists of the sintered body of cermet which is.
前記本発明において、前記サーメットが超硬合金であることを特徴とする。さらに超硬合金は炭化タングステンを重量比率で４０％以上含有することを特徴とする。また、ボアピンの中心部分を構成する母材が鉄系あるいは鋼系材質であることを特徴とする。 In the present invention, the cermet is a cemented carbide. Further, the cemented carbide contains 40% or more of tungsten carbide by weight. Further, the base material constituting the central portion of the bore pin is an iron-based or steel-based material.
本発明のシリンダブロック鋳造用ボアピンは、靭性に優れる鋼系材料や鉄系材料等の金属材料からなる母材の外周（少なくともライナと接触する部分）に、超硬合金の焼結体からなる被覆層を形成したので、従来の熱間工具鋼に比べ格段に耐摩耗性を向上させることができる。 The cylinder block casting bore pin of the present invention is a coating made of a sintered body of cemented carbide on the outer periphery (at least a portion in contact with the liner) of a base material made of a metal material such as steel or iron material having excellent toughness. Since the layer is formed, the wear resistance can be remarkably improved as compared with the conventional hot tool steel.
本発明は真空焼結法など公知の焼結法によりボアピン母材の外周にサーメットの焼結体を形成させ、該焼結体と母材とを金属的接合した複合構造とするか、あるいはスリーブ形状のサーメットの焼結体を母材に焼き嵌め等の方法によって機械的に接合した複合構造でもよい。 The present invention has a composite structure in which a sintered body of cermet is formed on the outer periphery of a bore pin base material by a known sintering method such as a vacuum sintering method, and the sintered body and the base material are metallically bonded, or a sleeve. A composite structure in which a sintered body of a shaped cermet is mechanically bonded to a base material by a method such as shrink fitting may be used.
ボアピン母材の外周に、サーメットの一種である超硬合金を溶射することにより超硬合金の溶射層を形成する手段もあるが、溶射層は緻密度や厚さを均一にするのが難しく、また形成される溶射層の厚さが薄いので、ボアピンとライナとの脱着を長期間繰り返すと溶射層が剥離しやいという欠点がある。その点、サーメットの焼結体は緻密でかつ層厚を厚くできるので被覆層の剥離を抑止することができる。さらに、焼結体と母材とを金属的接合させた複合構造の場合、母材との接合が強固なので被覆層の剥離をいっそう抑止することができる。 There is also a means to form a cemented carbide sprayed layer by spraying a cemented carbide that is a kind of cermet on the outer periphery of the bore pin base material, but it is difficult to make the density and thickness uniform, Moreover, since the thickness of the sprayed layer to be formed is thin, there is a drawback that the sprayed layer is easily peeled off when the desorption of the bore pin and the liner is repeated for a long period of time. In that respect, the sintered body of the cermet is dense and the layer thickness can be increased, so that peeling of the coating layer can be suppressed. Furthermore, in the case of a composite structure in which the sintered body and the base material are metal-bonded, since the bond with the base material is strong, peeling of the coating layer can be further suppressed.
本発明の被覆層を形成する超硬合金としては、耐摩耗性に優れる炭化タングステンを重量比率で４０％以上含有するのが好ましい。炭化タングステンの含有率が重量比率で７０％以上含有するものがより好ましい。具体的な超硬合金として、タングステン−コバルト系合金、炭化タングステン−ニッケル系合金、炭化タングステン−コバルト−ニッケル系合金が挙げられ、なかでもニッケルを含む炭化タングステン−ニッケル系合金、炭化タングステン−コバルト−ニッケル系合金は耐食性および耐熱性の点でも優れる。 The cemented carbide forming the coating layer of the present invention preferably contains 40% or more by weight of tungsten carbide having excellent wear resistance. More preferably, the tungsten carbide content is 70% or more by weight. Specific examples of the cemented carbide include tungsten-cobalt alloys, tungsten carbide-nickel alloys, tungsten carbide-cobalt-nickel alloys. Among these, tungsten carbide-nickel alloys containing nickel, tungsten carbide-cobalt- Nickel alloys are also excellent in terms of corrosion resistance and heat resistance.
本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。図１は本発明の実施例のボアピンを示す概略断面図である。図１において、ボアピン１は鋼系材料からなる母材２の外周に、サーメット材料であるＷＣ−Ｃｏ−Ｎｉ系超硬焼結合金からなる被覆層３を形成させてなる。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a bore pin according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a bore pin 1 is formed by forming a coating layer 3 made of a WC-Co-Ni cemented carbide sintered alloy, which is a cermet material, on the outer periphery of a base material 2 made of a steel material.
ボアピン１の内部には中空の冷却室４を設けて、冷却室４内に水等の冷却液を流し込み、ボアピン１を冷却してボアピン１の熱膨張を抑えて、嵌め込まれたライナ７の引き抜きを容易にする。８は鋳型であり、ボアピン１の基部がボルトなどにより固定されている。 A hollow cooling chamber 4 is provided inside the bore pin 1, a cooling liquid such as water is poured into the cooling chamber 4, the bore pin 1 is cooled to suppress thermal expansion of the bore pin 1, and the inserted liner 7 is pulled out. To make it easier. Reference numeral 8 denotes a mold, and the base of the bore pin 1 is fixed by a bolt or the like.
本発明の実施例のボアピンは次のように製造した。まず被覆層形成用の超硬合金原料粉末を重量％でＷＣ原料粉末７５％、Ｃｏ原料粉末１５％、Ｎｉ原料粉末１０％の割合で配合し、ボールミルで５０時間湿式混合した後、乾燥させ、被覆層形成用の超硬合金原料粉末とした。 The bore pin of the example of the present invention was manufactured as follows. First, the cemented carbide raw material powder for forming the coating layer is blended in a ratio of 75% by weight of WC raw material powder, 15% of Co raw material powder, and 10% of Ni raw material powder, wet mixed in a ball mill for 50 hours, and then dried. A cemented carbide raw material powder for forming a coating layer was obtained.
また、ボアピン母材として直径７０ｍｍ、長さ２００ｍｍの鋼系材料を用意した。そして、ＨＩＰ缶の中央にボアピン母材を配置し、母材の外面とＨＩＰ缶の内面との間に形成させた円環状の隙間に、前記の被覆層形成用の超硬合金原料粉末を充填した。その後、ＨＩＰ缶を蓋で溶接密封した後、真空ポンプで脱気処理を行ない、次いでＨＩＰ缶にリークが生じていないことを確認した後、ＨＩＰ処理を行なった。冷却後、ＨＩＰ缶を加工除去し、所定の寸法加工を施して本発明のボアピンを製造した。 In addition, a steel material having a diameter of 70 mm and a length of 200 mm was prepared as a bore pin base material. Then, the bore pin base material is arranged in the center of the HIP can, and the above-mentioned cemented carbide raw material powder for forming the coating layer is filled in the annular gap formed between the outer surface of the base material and the inner surface of the HIP can. did. Thereafter, the HIP can was welded and sealed with a lid, then degassed with a vacuum pump, and after confirming that no leak occurred in the HIP can, the HIP treatment was performed. After cooling, the HIP can was processed and removed, and predetermined dimensional processing was performed to manufacture the bore pin of the present invention.
このボアピンを自動車エンジンのシリンダブロックのダイカスト鋳造に用いたところ、シリンダボアの形成位置精度を長期間にわたって良好に維持でき、従来材料に比べて耐用寿命が延びることを確認できた。 When this bore pin was used for die casting of a cylinder block of an automobile engine, it was confirmed that the accuracy of the formation position of the cylinder bore could be maintained well over a long period of time, and the service life was extended as compared with conventional materials.
本発明のシリンダブロック鋳造用ボアピンによれば、シリンダブロックの鋳造において、シリンダボアの形成位置精度を良好に維持でき、従来材料に比べて耐用寿命が長いので、高品質のシリンダブロックを安定して製造できる。 According to the cylinder block casting bore pin of the present invention, the cylinder bore forming position accuracy can be maintained well in the casting of the cylinder block, and the service life is longer than that of the conventional material, so that a high quality cylinder block can be manufactured stably. it can.
１ ボアピン、 ２ 母材、 ３ 被覆層、 ４ 冷却室、
７ ライナ、 ８ 鋳型
1 bore pin, 2 base material, 3 coating layer, 4 cooling chamber,
7 liners, 8 molds
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004169416A JP2005349401A (en) | 2004-06-08 | 2004-06-08 | Bore pin for casting cylinder block |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004169416A JP2005349401A (en) | 2004-06-08 | 2004-06-08 | Bore pin for casting cylinder block |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2005349401A true JP2005349401A (en) | 2005-12-22 |
Family
ID=35584288
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004169416A Pending JP2005349401A (en) | 2004-06-08 | 2004-06-08 | Bore pin for casting cylinder block |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2005349401A (en) |
-
2004
- 2004-06-08 JP JP2004169416A patent/JP2005349401A/en active Pending
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