JP2005289891A - Pde1阻害剤 - Google Patents
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Abstract
【解決手段】 次式(1)
【化1】
(式中のXはハロゲン原子または水素原子を示し、少くとも一方のXはハロゲン原子を示している。R1はアルキル基を示し、R2およびR3は、各々、水素原子またはアルキル基を示す)
で表わされる化合物の少くともいずれかを有効成分とするPDE1阻害剤を提供する。
【選択図】図2
Description
〔1〕次式(1)
で表わされるDIF化合物の少くともいずれかを有効成分とすることを特徴とするPDE1阻害剤。
〔2〕Xはいずれも塩素原子であり、R1は炭素数3〜8のアルキル基であり、R2およびR3は一方がOHであって他方が炭素数1〜3のアルコキシ基であることを特徴とする上記のPDE1阻害剤。
〔3〕次式(2)
〔4〕上記いずれかのPDE1阻害剤を有効成分とする抗腫瘍剤。
<A>試薬および酵素:DIF−1およびその類似体は、公知方法に従い合成した。ウシ脳カルシニューリン(CN)、カルモジュリン(CaM)、CaM依存的環式ヌクレオチドホスホジエステラーゼ(PDE1)、p−ニトロフェニルリン酸(pNPP)およびビス−pニトロフェニルリン酸(bpNPP)は、シグマ社(Sigma)から購入した。ヘビ毒ホスホジエステラーゼ(svPDE)はワージントンバイオケミカルコーポレーション社(Worthington Biochemical Corporation)から、仔ウシ腸管アルカリホスファターゼ(AP)はニューイングランドバイオラボ社(New England BioLabs)から購入した。平滑筋ミオシンおよびミオシン軽鎖キナーゼ(MLCK)は、ニワトリ砂嚢から精製した。なお、酵素活性の単位(U)の定義は、製造業者説明書の記述に基づいている。
<B>細胞増殖の検定:ヒト白血病K562細胞を培養培地(10%ウシ胎仔血清を含むRPMI1640培地。以下、RPMIという)中、37℃(5% CO2)で維持し、既報どおり細胞の増殖を評価した。簡単に述べると、細胞をDIF類似体またはCaMもしくはPDEの阻害剤の存在下もしくは非存在下で、1mLのRPMI(5×104細胞/mL)を含むマルチ12ウェルプレートの各ウェル中でインキュベートした。3日目、50μLのAlamar Blue(細胞数を測定するための試薬)を各ウェルに加え、37℃(5% CO2)で1〜2時間インキュベーションし発色させた後、各ウェルから150μLづつ取って96ウェルプレートに移し、マイクロプレートリーダー(バイオ・ラッド社(Bio−Rad)、モデル550)によって570nmの吸光度(リファレンス:595nm)を測定した。そして、吸光比(対照の%)として細胞数を得た。
<C>細胞内cAMP含量の測定:細胞をアッセイバッファー(20mMのHEPES−NaOH、pH7.4、137.5mMのNaCl.5mMのKCl、1.5mMのCaCl2、0.8mMのMgCl2、5.5mMのグルコース、0.6mMのNaHCO3、0.1%(w/v)のウシ血清アルブミン)中に懸濁した(2×106細胞/mL)。チューブに入れた細胞懸濁液1mLを10〜40μMのDIF−1の存在下または非存在下、室温でインキュベートし、遠心(3,500rpm、30秒)して細胞を回収し、100μLの0.2N HCl中に再懸濁し、超音波を軽くあてて破壊した。サンプルを中和し、既報どおり(Hattori, M.,Ozawa,K.,and Wakabayashi, K.,Sialic acid moiety is responsible for the charge heterogeneity and the biological potency of rat lutropin.Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.,127: 501-508,1985.)、cAMPの含量を測定した。
<D>PDE1活性の測定:ウシのPDE1(0.75mU)、CaM(10U)およびCaCl2(0.2mM)をDIF−1、DIF類似体または阻害剤を含む0.3mLの反応バッファー(50mMのHEPES−NaOH、pH7.5、0.1mMのEGTA、8.3mMのMgCl2、0.5μMの[3H]cAMP(18,000cpm))中、30℃で10分間インキュベートした。CaMの非存在下におけるPDE1活性の測定試験では、PDE1(3mU)をDIF−1、DIF類似体または阻害剤を含む反応バッファー中、30℃で15分間インキュベートした。PDE1活性のアッセイは、既報どおりの手順(Murata, T., Taira, M., and Manganiello, V.C. Differential expression of cGMP-inhibited cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases in human hepatoma cell lines. FEBS lett.,390:29-33,1996.)を修正して行なった。
<E>PDE3A、PDE3BおよびPDE8Aの活性測定:ヒト完全長PDE3A、ヒトPDE3AのN末端欠失変異体(アミノ酸511〜1141)、ヒト完全長PDE3BおよびラットPDE3BのN末端欠失変異体(アミノ酸577〜1108)を含むバキュロウイルスはV.C.Manganiello博士(米国国立衛生研究所)から提供を受けた。マウスPDE8Aは以下のとおり調製した。まず、トータルRNAは、RNeasy(登録商標)ミニキット(キアゲン社(Qiagen)を用いて、マウス骨芽細胞MC3T3−E1から分離した。特異的なオリゴヌクレオチド・プライマー対
(5’−CCTAAATGTCTGCCTCGTTTGCTAGTG−3’および
5’−GTGCCGCCGCCGCCAGTATGGGCTGCGCCCCG−3’)を合成し、QIAGEN(登録商標)ワンステップRT−PCRキット(キアゲン社(Qiagen))を用いてRT−PCRを行なった。精製したPCR産物をプラスミドpCR(登録商標)II−TOPO(登録商標)ベクター(インビトロジェン社(Invitrogen)に導入し、DNA塩基配列決定によって確認した。マウスPDE8AのcDNAはpVL1393のBamHI/XbaI部位にサブクローニングした。pVL1393からAutographa California核多角体ウイルスへのcDNAの転移は、BaculoGold(商標)トランスフェクションキット(ファーミンジェン社(PharMingen))を使用して行なった。PDE8Aをコードする高力価組換えウイルス株が得られ、昆虫Sf9細胞(ファーミンジェン社(PharMingen))への導入に使用した。
<F>他の酵素活性の測定:さまざまな濃度のDIF−1の存在下または非存在下で、各3単位のウシCN(約0.1μM)およびCaM(約0.2μM)を200μLの反応バッファー中、30℃で60分間インキュベートし、既報に従って(Takahashi, K., Akaishi, E., Abe, Y., Ishikawa, R., Tanaka, S., Hosaka, K., and Kubohara, Y. Zinc inhibits calcineurin activity in vitro by competing with nickel. Bicchem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 307: 64-68, 2003)CN活性を測定した。
<G>結果
まず、K562白血病細胞においてDIF−1が細胞内cAMP濃度([cAMP]iと表記)に影響を及ぼすか否かを評価した。その結果を図1に示した。10〜40μMのDIF−1は[cAMP]iを用量依存的にわずかに増加させ(図1A、1B)、増殖停止を誘導した(図1C)。DIF−1による[cAMP]i増加の発見は、哺乳類細胞におけるDIF−1の薬理学的標的の同定にヒントを与えるものである。つまり、このことから、DIF−1はcAMPの産生または分解あるいはその双方に影響する可能性がある。さらに、CaMおよびcAMP分解酵素(PDE)の阻害剤が、DIF−1と同様にK562細胞において抗増殖活性を示したことから(図1C)、発明者は、CaM依存性酵素とPDEに対するDIF−1の阻害効果をin vitroで検討した(図2−4)。そして、薬理学的濃度のDIF−1が濃度依存的にCaM依存性環状ヌクレオチドホスホジエステラーゼ(PDE1)の活性を阻害することが判明した(図2A)。
Claims (4)
- 次式(1)
(式中のXはハロゲン原子または水素原子を示し、少くとも一方のXはハロゲン原子を示している。R1はアルキル基を示し、R2およびR3は、各々、水素原子またはアルキル基を示す)
で表わされる化合物の少くともいずれかを有効成分とすることを特徴とするPDE1阻害剤。 - Xはいずれも塩素原子であり、R1は炭素数3〜8のアルキル基であり、R2およびR3は一方がOHであって他方が炭素数1〜3のアルコキシ基であることを特徴とする請求項1のPDE1阻害剤。
- 次式(2)
で表わされるDIF−1であることを特徴とする請求項2のPDE1阻害剤。 - 請求項1から3のうちのいずれかのPDE1阻害剤を有効成分とする抗腫瘍剤。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010180160A (ja) * | 2009-02-05 | 2010-08-19 | Gunma Univ | 新規dif−1誘導体 |
| JP2011144115A (ja) * | 2010-01-12 | 2011-07-28 | Gunma Univ | 走化性運動制御剤 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010180160A (ja) * | 2009-02-05 | 2010-08-19 | Gunma Univ | 新規dif−1誘導体 |
| JP2011144115A (ja) * | 2010-01-12 | 2011-07-28 | Gunma Univ | 走化性運動制御剤 |
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