JP2005289085A - Automotive switchgear - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an opening/closing device for an automobile by which the getting on/off is facilitated by making a getting on/off space larger, and an opening/closing element can stably be supported. <P>SOLUTION: This opening/closing device 2 is equipped with the opening/closing element 3 having a first opening/closing member 4 which is attached to a car body 1 through a first hinge 6, and a second opening/closing member 5 which is attached to the first opening/closing member 4 through a second hinge 7. A link member 8 is provided between the car body 1 and the second opening/closing member 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an automotive opening / closing device including an opening / closing body formed by connecting a first opening / closing member and a second opening / closing member.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing an opening / closing body generally mounted on a conventional automobile.
As shown in FIG. 7, the opening / closing body 200 that opens and closes the door opening 110 of the conventional automobile is composed of a single piece, and the vehicle body 100 and the opening / closing body 200 are connected by a single hinge 300 in plan view. It is provided so that the occupant M can turn on and off the vehicle.
The hinge 300 is installed at the upper and lower ends of the end of the opening / closing body 200 on the vehicle front side, and the opening / closing body 200 rotates around the hinge 300 to open and close the door opening 110.
When the occupant M gets off, first, the opening / closing body 200 is opened and the occupant M's foot M1 is taken out of the vehicle body 100. The occupant M stands between the vehicle body 100 and the opening / closing body 200 (point A) and then It moves to the rear side (point B), closes the opening / closing body 200 and goes out of the vehicle. For this reason, when the occupant M gets out of the vehicle, first, the foot M1 is taken out of the vehicle body 100, and if the occupant M does not secure a boarding space where the vehicle body 100 and the opening / closing body 200 can stand, the vehicle goes out of the vehicle. I can't.
When the occupant M gets on and off the vehicle, the point A where the foot M1 is extended to the outside of the vehicle body 100 is closer to the vehicle front side (hinge side) of the opening / closing body 200, so The width L1 must be wider than the width L2 of the occupant M. For this reason, the rear end portion 210 of the opening / closing body 200 must be further enlarged (L3) from the vehicle body 100.

  For example, in order to allow the occupant M to get on and off easily when the automobile is parked, it is necessary to widen the width L1 between the vehicle body 100 and the opening / closing body 200 at the point A where the foot M1 is placed outside the opening / closing body 200. However, if the width L1 is increased, the width L3 between the vehicle body 100 and the rear end portion 210 of the opening / closing body 200 is increased. Therefore, unless the distance L4 between the opening / closing body 200 and the adjacent vehicle or wall 400 is also increased, the occupant There is a problem that M cannot get on and off.

  To solve such problems, for example, when the opening / closing body is opened by dividing the opening / closing body into two pieces so that the passenger can get on and off even if the opening / closing body is opened small An opening / closing body of an automobile is known in which the opening space of the vehicle is widened so that a passenger can easily get on and off even in a narrow place (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2001-163056 A (paragraph 0006, FIG. 1 and FIG. 2)

However, in the opening / closing body device of Patent Document 1, the setting for restricting the opening limit of the opening / closing body is not performed, and the opening / closing body has two hinges in plan view. Since the boarding space when opened is wide, the structure is easily affected by wind.
Furthermore, the opening / closing body device of Patent Document 1 has a member that expands and contracts in conjunction with the opening of the opening / closing body, so that when the opening / closing body receives wind force, the opening / closing body expands and contracts by the wind force and the like, and the open state and the open posture are maintained. Since it is not stable, there is a problem that it is difficult to close the opening and closing body.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art, and the problem of the present invention is that the boarding space is large and the boarding / exiting is easy and the opening / closing body can be stably supported. An object is to provide an automotive switchgear.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, an automotive opening / closing device according to claim 1 is attached to a vehicle body via a first hinge, and to the first opening / closing member via a second hinge. In an automotive opening / closing device comprising an opening / closing body having a second opening / closing member, a link member is provided between the vehicle body and the second opening / closing member.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the opening / closing body is provided with a link member between the vehicle body and the second opening / closing member, so that when the opening / closing body is opened / closed, the link member Limits the opening limit. The link member constitutes a link mechanism that supports the opening / closing body at a location away from the pivot point of the first hinge that rotatably connects the opening / closing body to the vehicle body. The load can be received in a stable state.
Further, the opening / closing body can easily set the opening posture of the opening / closing body by providing the second opening / closing member with the second hinge and the link member.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automotive switchgear according to the first aspect, wherein the link member is provided outside the openable body of the vehicle.

According to the invention of the opening / closing device for an automobile according to claim 2, since the link member is provided outside the opening / closing body, the link member does not hit the occupant when the occupant gets on and off the automobile. Can be prevented.
And when the link member consists of a rigid body, since a link member will be in the state which supports an opening / closing body from the vehicle outer side at the open limit of an opening / closing body, an open limit state can be stabilized. For this reason, even when the open / close body receives wind force, the open / close load can be stably received, and the open state of the open / close body can be maintained in a stable state.

  The opening / closing device for an automobile according to claim 3 is the opening / closing device for an automobile according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the link member closes the vehicle body and the opening / closing body when the opening / closing body is closed. It is characterized by being in a state along the surface.

  According to the invention of the switchgear for an automobile according to the third aspect, when the link member closes the opening / closing body, the link member becomes in a state along the surface of the vehicle body and the opening / closing body, thereby reducing the occupied space of the opening / closing device. can do. Moreover, the amount of the link member that protrudes from the vehicle body when the opening / closing body is closed is reduced, and it is possible to reduce the contact of other objects outside the vehicle with the link member.

  The automotive switchgear according to claim 4 is the automotive switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the link member is configured to be extendable. And

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the link member is configured to be extendable, so that the opening limit of the opening / closing body can be set more freely. Further, since the link member that can be expanded and contracted is attached to the opening and closing body, when an external force is applied to the opening and closing body during opening and closing, the link member can expand and contract to absorb the load.

  The opening / closing device for an automobile according to claim 5 includes a first opening / closing member attached to the vehicle body via a first hinge, and a second opening / closing member attached to the first opening / closing member via a second hinge. In the automotive opening / closing device provided with an opening / closing body, the opening / closing body is characterized in that the first hinge is provided on the rear side of the vehicle, and the front side of the vehicle is opened.

  According to the invention of the opening and closing device for an automobile according to claim 5, the opening and closing body is provided with a first hinge on the rear side of the vehicle, and the front side of the vehicle is opened and closed, thereby opening the opening and closing body. Space can be increased. Thereby, even when the occupant gets on and off, even when the opening and closing body is opened relatively small, the body wants to contact the vehicle body and the opening and closing body, so it is easy to get on and off, and the occupant's getting on and off performance is improved. .

According to the opening / closing apparatus for an automobile according to the present invention, when the opening / closing body is opened / closed by providing the link member, the opening limit is restricted by the link member, and the rotation of the first hinge between the vehicle body and the opening / closing body is controlled. The opening / closing body can be supported at a place away from the moving point. For this reason, the opening and closing load when opening and closing the opening and closing body can be stably received.
Moreover, the opening / closing body can easily set the opening posture of the opening / closing body by providing the second hinge on the second opening / closing member.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 1-5, the opening / closing apparatus for motor vehicles based on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
(Automobile)
First, with reference to FIG. 1, a vehicle equipped with an opening / closing device 2 will be described.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an automotive opening / closing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic diagram of an automobile showing a state when an opening / closing body is opened.
As shown in FIG. 1, the automobile includes an opening / closing device 2 that is opened and closed by an opening / closing body 3 installed in a door opening 1 a of the vehicle body 1 so that an occupant D can get on and off. On the left and right side surfaces of the vehicle body 1 are formed door openings 1a through which passengers D enter and exit the vehicle. The shape of the vehicle body 1 of the automobile is not particularly limited, and may be a passenger car or a bus or a work vehicle.
The door opening 1a is installed, for example, on the vehicle exterior side of the seat 1b such as a driver seat or a passenger seat where the occupant D sits. A first hinge 6 which will be described later is installed above and below the rear end of the door opening 1a, and a door lock device 9 which is installed at the front end of the second opening / closing member 5 which will be described later is associated with the front end. A striker 1c is provided.

(Opening and closing device)
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the automotive opening / closing device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged explanatory view of a main part showing a state when the opening / closing body is closed. FIG. 3 is a view showing the opening / closing device for an automobile according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged explanatory view of a main part showing a state when the opening / closing body is opened.
2, the opening / closing device 2 closes the door opening 1a in a state where the opening / closing body 3 is aligned with the outer surface 1d of the vehicle body 1, and as shown in FIG. An opening / closing body 3 that opens the front side (front panel side) of the vehicle 1a is provided.
As shown in FIG. 3, the opening / closing device 2 is installed in each door opening 1 a of the vehicle body 1 and includes a first opening / closing member 4, a second opening / closing member 5, a first hinge 6, and a second hinge, which will be described later. The hinge 7 and the link member 8 are mainly configured.

(Opening and closing body)
As shown in FIG. 3, the opening / closing body 3 includes a first opening / closing member 4 attached to the vehicle body 1 via a first hinge 6, and a first opening / closing member 4 connected to the first opening / closing member 4 via a second hinge 7. 2 Opening / closing member 5 and a window glass (not shown) are provided. The opening / closing body 3 is configured such that the first hinge 6 is provided on the rear side of the door opening 1a of the vehicle body 1 so that the front side of the door opening 1a of the vehicle body 1 is opened. In the plan view, the opening / closing body 3 is formed such that the first opening / closing member 4 is small and the fifth opening / closing member 5 is larger than the first opening / closing member 4.
When the door opening 1a is opened, the opening / closing body 3 can have the first and second opening / closing members 4 and 5 bent in a substantially square shape as shown in FIG. When the door opening 1a is closed, as shown in FIG. 2, the first and second opening / closing members 4 and 5 are configured to be in a straight line.

(First opening / closing member)
As shown in FIG. 3, the first opening / closing member 4 is interposed between the vehicle body 1 and the second opening / closing member 2, and a first hinge 6 is installed on the vehicle body 1 side. A second hinge 7 is installed on the front end side (the vehicle front side) so as to be rotatable as a center, and a second opening / closing member 5 is connected to the first opening / closing member 4 so as to be rotatable. On the side, a window glass (not shown) is installed so that it can appear and disappear. The first opening / closing member 4 is mainly formed of an inner panel and an outer panel (not shown) made of, for example, a rolled steel plate.

(Second opening and closing member)
The second opening / closing member 5 includes a second hinge 7 and an opening / closing body-side support member 11 that supports the link member 8 on the base end side (rear side of the vehicle) of the second opening / closing member 4. A door lock device 9 and a door handle 12 are installed (on the vehicle front side), and a window glass (not shown) is installed on the upper end side so as to be able to appear and retract. The second opening / closing member 5 is installed by the second hinge 7 and the link member 8 such that the second opening / closing member 5 can rotate by a predetermined range with respect to the first opening / closing member 4. Similar to the first opening / closing member 4, the second opening / closing member 5 is mainly formed with, for example, an inner panel and an outer panel (not shown) made of a rolled steel plate or the like.

(First hinge)
FIG. 4 is a view showing the opening / closing device for an automobile according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged perspective view of a main part showing an installation state of the first hinge.
As shown in FIG. 4, the first hinge 6 is a metal hinge for rotatably attaching the first opening / closing member 4 to the vehicle body 1, and is fixed to the door opening 1 a of the vehicle body 1. It comprises a plate 6a, a rotating plate 6b fixed to the rear end of the first opening / closing member 4, and a support shaft 6c for rotatably connecting the fixed plate 6a and the rotating plate 6b. . The first hinge 6 has a fixed plate 6a fixed by rivets or the like at a plurality of locations such as an upper end and a lower end of the inner peripheral surface on the rear side of the door opening 1a.
The rotation plate 6b is a member that rotates together with the first opening / closing member 4 about the support shaft 6c, and is fixed to the rear end portion of the first opening / closing body 4 by a rivet or the like.

(Second hinge)
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state where the opening / closing body is opened, showing the automotive opening / closing device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 5, the second hinge 7 is a metal hinge for pivotally attaching the second opening / closing member 5 to the first opening / closing member 4. For example, the second hinge 7 is the same as the first hinge 6. Of the shape. The second hinge 7 includes a rotation plate 7a fixed to the front end of the first opening / closing member 4, a rotation plate 7b fixed to the rear end of the second opening / closing member 5, and the rotation plates 7a, 7b and a support shaft 7c for rotatably connecting to 7b.
The rotating plates 7a and 7b are members that rotate together with the first and second opening and closing members 4 and 5 around the support shaft 7c, and are arranged on the opposing surfaces of the first and second opening and closing bodies 4 and 5 by rivets or the like. It is fixed.

(Link member)
The link member 8 is a member for restricting the opening limit and movement direction of the opening / closing body 3, and one end of the link member 8 is fixed to the outer surface 1d of the vehicle body 1 that is separated from the door opening 1a to the rear side. The other end of the second opening / closing member 5 is supported by the side support member 10 so as to be rotatable, and is supported by the opening / closing body side support member 11 fixed to the outer surface 5a of the second opening / closing member 5 so as to be able to rotate and advance / retreat. The link member 8 is linked to the first opening / closing member 6 by supporting the second opening / closing member 5 at a location away from the support shaft 6c of the first hinge 6 that rotatably connects the opening / closing body 3 to the vehicle body 1. In order to constitute the mechanism, it is installed so that the opening / closing load when opening / closing the opening / closing body 3 can be received in a stable state. The link member 8 is provided on the vehicle exterior side of the opening / closing body 3 so that when the opening / closing body 3 is closed, the link member 8 is disposed in a state along the surface 1d, 4a of the vehicle body 1 and the opening / closing body 3. For example, it is bent and formed as shown in FIG. And the said link member 8 is comprised so that expansion-contraction is possible so that the opening-and-closing body 3 can be open | released to the open limit so that it may expand / contract to the set appropriate length. For example, the link member 8 is configured to elastically expand and contract by a damper such as an air damper, one of which is a cylinder 8a and the other is a piston rod 8b.

The link member 8 may be formed of a push rod provided with an elastic body such as a spring, or a member itself that expands and contracts the link member 8 itself.
The structure for elastically expanding and contracting the link member 8 within a predetermined range is, for example, the support portions 10a and 11a of the vehicle body side support member 10 or the opening / closing body side support member 11 provided at both ends of the link member 8 (see FIG. 3) may be formed of a damper or a push rod.

(Operation)
Next, the operation of the opening / closing device 2 will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, when the opening / closing body 3 is closed, as shown in FIG. 2, the first opening / closing member 4 and the second opening / closing member 5 are in a straight line and are in a state along the outer surface 1d of the vehicle body 1. It has become. At this time, the link member 8 is in a compressed state and is in a state along the outer surface 1d, 4a of the vehicle body 1 and the opening / closing body 3. For this reason, the link member 8 has a short length protruding from the outer surface 1d of the vehicle body 1 and is less likely to come into contact with other objects outside the vehicle. The opening / closing body 3 is held in a closed state by the door lock device 9 at the distal end engaging with the striker 1c provided in the door opening 1a.

When the passenger D shown in FIG. 1 gets off, the inside handle (not shown) installed inside the opening / closing body 3 is pulled to release the door lock device 9 from the striker 1c, and the opening / closing body 3 is pressed to the outside of the vehicle. To do.
Then, the first opening / closing member 4 rotates to the vehicle outer side with the first hinge 6 as the center, the second opening / closing member 5 rotates to the vehicle outer side with the second hinge 7 as the center, and the link member 8 The opening / closing body 3 is opened by rotating around the vehicle body side support member 10 while extending.

At this time, the opening / closing body 3 has a front end of the vehicle near the position where the first and second opening / closing members 4 and 5 are opened in a substantially square shape and when the occupant D gets on and off the foot D1. By opening the side, the width S1 between the vehicle body 1 and the opening / closing body 3 at the position where the foot D1 is placed when the occupant D gets off is widened. Further, since the first opening / closing member 4 is opened at a larger angle θ with respect to the vehicle body 1 than the second opening / closing member 5, the boarding / alighting space between the vehicle body 1 and the opening / closing body 3 is widened. Thus, the occupant D can easily get on and off the vehicle by widening the front end of the opening / closing body 3 to a length S2 slightly longer than the width S1.
Therefore, when the vehicle is parked in a narrow parking lot or the like, it is possible to get on and off if the vehicle is spaced from the vehicle or the wall so that the distance to the adjacent vehicle or the wall is at least S2.

  Further, when the opening / closing body 3 receives the wind from the front of the vehicle when the opening / closing body 3 is opened, the link member 8 is installed on the rear side of the vehicle of the opening / closing body 3, and the link member 8 is By expanding and contracting within the set range and forming a link mechanism with the first opening / closing member 4 and restricting the opening limit of the opening / closing body 3, the opening / closing body 3 is not greatly opened by wind force. For this reason, the opening / closing body 3 is supported by the vehicle body 1 in a stable state by the link member 8 being installed.

  The opening / closing device 2 can arbitrarily set the opening posture of the opening / closing body 3 by providing the second opening / closing member 5 with the second hinge 7 and the link member 8 that can bend the opening / closing body 3.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the technical idea, and the present invention extends to these modifications and changes. Of course.

  Although the opening / closing body 3 has been described as an example installed in the front seat of the vehicle, the installation location of the opening / closing body 3 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, installed in the rear seat. .

FIG. 6 is a view showing a modified example of the automotive opening / closing device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged explanatory view of a main part showing a state when the opening / closing body is closed.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the opening / closing body 3 (see FIG. 2) has a surface 41d of the first opening / closing member 41 and a second opening / closing member 51a that are aligned with the surface 1d on the vehicle exterior side of the vehicle body 1, You may form so that the thickness of the opening-and-closing body 31 may become the same thickness as the thickness of the side part of the vehicle body 1. FIG.
In this case, the link member 81 is installed such that when the opening / closing body 31 is closed, the surface 1d on the vehicle exterior side of the vehicle body 1 and the surface 41a on the vehicle exterior side of the opening / closing body 31 coincide with each other. The cylinder 81a and the piston 81b are formed in a linear shape along 1d and 41a.
And the 1st hinge 6 is installed so that the spindle 6c may become the vehicle outer side.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the opening / closing apparatus for motor vehicles based on embodiment of this invention, and is the schematic of a motor vehicle which shows a state when opening and closing a body. It is a figure which shows the opening / closing apparatus for motor vehicles in embodiment of this invention, and is a principal part expansion explanatory drawing which shows a state when the opening / closing body is closed. It is a figure which shows the opening / closing apparatus for motor vehicles based on embodiment of this invention, and is a principal part expansion explanatory drawing which shows a state when opening and closing a body. It is a figure which shows the switchgear for motor vehicles which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a principal part expansion perspective view which shows the installation state of a 1st hinge. It is a figure which shows the opening / closing apparatus for motor vehicles based on embodiment of this invention, and is a perspective view which shows a state when an opening / closing body is opened. It is a figure which shows the modification of the opening / closing apparatus for motor vehicles based on embodiment of this invention, and is a principal part expansion explanatory drawing which shows a state when the opening / closing body is closed. It is explanatory drawing which shows the opening / closing body generally mounted in the conventional motor vehicle.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Car body 2 Opening / closing device 3 Opening / closing body 4,41 1st opening / closing member 5,51 2nd opening / closing member 6 1st hinge 7 2nd hinge 8,81 Link member

Claims (5)

In an automotive opening / closing apparatus comprising an opening / closing body having a first opening / closing member attached to a vehicle body via a first hinge and a second opening / closing member attached to the first opening / closing member via a second hinge,
An opening / closing device for an automobile, wherein a link member is provided between the vehicle body and the second opening / closing member.   The opening / closing device for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the link member is provided outside the opening / closing body.   3. The opening / closing device for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the link member is in a state along the surface of the vehicle body and the opening / closing body when the opening / closing body is closed.   The opening / closing device for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the link member is configured to be extendable and contractible. In an automotive opening / closing apparatus comprising an opening / closing body having a first opening / closing member attached to a vehicle body via a first hinge and a second opening / closing member attached to the first opening / closing member via a second hinge,
The opening / closing device for an automobile, wherein the opening / closing body is provided with the first hinge on a rear side of the vehicle, and the front side of the vehicle is opened.

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